Trading in Vain? Investigating the Philippines' Development-oriented National Security and Free Trade Linkages

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-105
Author(s):  
MICHAEL I. MAGCAMIT
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
National Security ◽  
Free Trade ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Inclusive Development ◽  
Security Model ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
The Government ◽  
Structural Poverty ◽  
Philippine Government

AbstractThis paper examines the manner through which the Philippine government has utilized free trade in pursuing its development-oriented national security policies and strategies in the twenty-first century. It argues that against the backdrop of uneven economic development being perpetuated by a deeply entrenched oligarchic system and patronage culture, the primary referent of Philippine national security is its diminishing development space. Despite the government rhetoric with regard to the role of inclusive development in enhancing national security, the Philippine political economy remains highly oligarchic and patrimonial. Such a condition has resulted in institutionalized inequality and structural poverty that undermine the country's supposedly development-based security model. The ability of the very few yet very powerful Filipino elites to transform the country into an oligarchipelago underscores the inefficiencies emanating from this type of politico-economic arrangement. In light of this, the paper evaluates the impacts of the Philippines' free trade activities on its overall level of development space by focusing on several crucial aspects of free trade that the government has failed to properly consider. Moreover, it scrutinizes the key factors that affect the utility of free trade for securing and enhancing the Philippines' development space. The paper concludes by arguing that the Philippine government's attempts at linking its development-centric security interests and free trade objectives have resulted not only in the preservation of uneven economic development and but also the further reinforcement of the existing oligarchic system and patronage culture in the country.

Legal Framework on the Implementation of the Human Resource Management Reforms in the Philippines After the Marcos Era Up to the Duterte Administration

2021 ◽  
pp. 348-365
Author(s):  
Perfecto G. Aquino, Jr. ◽  
Revenio C. Jalagat Jr. ◽  
Mercia Selvia Malar Justin
Keyword(s):  
Civil Service ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Public Officials ◽  
Government Sector ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Service Commission ◽  
The Government ◽  
Philippine Government ◽  
Personnel Administration

This study is aimed at filling the gap and will discuss the overview of both the legal reform processes happening in the public sector of the Philippine government and of recent developments and challenges initiated by the Civil Service Commission of the Philippine government as its Central Personnel Agency. This chapter will cover the years commencing 1986 up to the present dispensation of the Duterte administration where the primary goal is to study and suggest the approaches to reforming the Civil Service system and its decision-making process. It also outlines the discourses on the reform of public service among educators and public officials in the Philippines. Then, it elaborates on the laws and institutional measures introduced for an effective public personnel administration system in the country. A documentary analysis on the successful practices of public personnel administration will be used to evolve on the possible steps/strategies to further enhance the delivery of personnel services of the government sector workforce in the Philippines.

INNOVATIONS IN UZBEKISTAN -AN IMPORTANT FACTOR OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 23-32
Author(s):  
Nurali Lapasov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
National Security ◽  
Technological Progress ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Innovative Development ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
The World ◽  
The Republic

Innovation and scientific and technological progress are one of the key factors of economic growth. Innovative economic growth is determined by the dynamics of economic development and the level of welfare of the population, national security, the possibility of equal integration into the world economy, mainly the country's ability to use scientific and technical achievements in practice. Accordingly, the strategy of innovative development of the Republic of Uzbekistan for 2019-2021 has been approved in our country. The article discusses the trends of innovative development of the Republic of Uzbekistan, the causes and factors hindering the development of the innovative sector of the economy and makes recommendations based on world experience

scholarly journals The Realm of Federalism: Appreciation to a Prospective Shift on the Form of Philippine Government

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 86-101
Author(s):  
Daisy Luyun ◽  
Angelica Mamauag ◽  
Eladio Martin Gumabay ◽  
Darin Jan Tindowen
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Liberal Arts ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Transition Period ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Liberal Arts Students ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Government ◽  
Philippine Government

The current administration of the Republic of the Philippines is seen as an ardent advocate of federalism. This research study purports to explore the appreciation and understanding of the youth – specifically the Liberal Arts students in higher educational institutions who have the knowledge on the government forms, laws, and history of our system of government as regards a possible shift in the system of government. This study utilized descriptive qualitative design through Collaizi’s method of data analysis. Findings show that informants having perceived the possible shift on the system of government of the Philippines, have led to three clustered themes namely: (1) federalism defined, (2) benefits of federalism, and, (3) possible challenges during the transition period. Moreover, it is concluded that informants defined federalism as a system of government where powers are being decentralized to the local government and the latter being independent from the national / central government. Standardized local legislation, increased economic status, and responsive local government were identified as the benefits of federalism. Lack of proper knowledge, constitutional proceedings and amendments, and, costly and time-consuming were cited as the possible challenges during the transition period on the shift in our system of government. We suggest that, in order to actualize federalism, there is a need to enhance governance capabilities through transparency and accountability and a clearer definition of local autonomy should be observed.

scholarly journals COVID-19 and persons with disabilities in the Philippines: A policy analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 299-306
Author(s):  
Jacqueline Veronica Velasco ◽  
Joseph Christian Obnial ◽  
Adriel Pastrana ◽  
Hillary Kay Ang ◽  
Paulene Miriel Viacrusis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Financial Support ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
National Database ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Framework Analysis ◽  
Persons With Disabilities ◽  
Reasonable Accommodations ◽  
The Government ◽  
Philippine Government

Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic warrants an immediate response. Persons with disabilities (PWDs) are one of the most vulnerable populations susceptible to marginalization. While there are existing guidelines in the Philippines that aim to assist their basic needs, a call for inclusivity in policymaking for the COVID-19 response is highly advocated. This paper aims to analyze existing policy guidelines concerning the welfare of PWDs in the country based on several policy domains. Methods: Relevant documents were acquired through extensive search of government and nongovernment websites and news agencies. Literature included memorandums, circulars, and news bulletins in the period between January 2020 to May 2021. This study conducted a framework analysis on policies enacted by the Philippine government during the COVID-19 pandemic concerning PWDs. The framework was divided into eight areas: access to (1) information, (2)healthcare, (3) education, and (4) financial support, (5) protection from infection in residential settings, (6) reasonable accommodation, (7) consideration for disabled people facing multiple exclusions, and (8) inclusion to decision-making process. Results: Fifteen PWD related COVID-19 response documents from the Philippines were reviewed and analyzed. Most policies corresponded to themes related to financial support and reasonable accommodations. Most documents were limited to proposals and suggestions with only a few documents including specific details on how the program will be implemented and monitored. Conclusion: The state has proven its cognizance for PWDs; however, implementation and its impact remain to be seen. The government needs to evaluate these efforts to identify gaps and barriers. A comprehensive national database should be implemented to centralize registration of PWDs, and efforts should be made to inform and educate PWDs of their rights and of existing programs. Most importantly, PWDs should be included in the discourse and decision-making process to ensure programs are acceptable and accessible.

scholarly journals Restructuring and Automation of Security Model for Sustainable Development in Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 225-241
Author(s):  
Mike Akhaze Okedion
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
National Security ◽  
Model Development ◽  
National Development ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Security Model ◽  
Effective Implementation ◽  
The Government ◽  
Oil Wealth ◽  
The Impact

Nigeria has on daily basis experienced an upsurge of activities that threatens and endangers its national security. In recent times, the Nigerian nation suddenly metamorphosed into an abode of insecurity. Security is presently a major challenge in Nigeria especially in Northern Nigeria. Nigerians and non-Nigerians are killed on daily basis and in their numbers even the United Nations building and the Police Headquarters at the Federal Capital were bombed. Though the government claims to be on top of the situation, the problem persists. Despite its abundant oil wealth, there has been unimaginable level of lack of infrastructure, automated security amenities and negligible development generally. One of the major setbacks to development in Nigeria is insecurity. Until very recently, plethora of explanations on the crawling pace of development in Nigeria tends to pay infinitesimal attention to the centrality of security to national development. It is no surprise therefore that since 1999 when Nigeria returned to civil rule insecurity tends to have hampered national development. Security is evidently the pillar upon which every meaningful development could be achieved and sustained. In view of this scenario, the paper basically analyses and recommends ways of ascertaining the impact of automated and improved security model for sustainable development in Nigeria. It therefore concludes and recommends amongst others, the formulation and effective implementation of policies capable of addressing the root causes of insecurity in Nigeria. Keywords: Restructuring, Automation, Security Model, Development.

Legal Framework on the Implementation of the Human Resource Management Reforms in the Philippines After the Marcos Era Up to the Duterte Administration

2022 ◽  
pp. 233-250
Author(s):  
Perfecto G. Aquino, Jr. ◽  
Revenio C. Jalagat Jr. ◽  
Mercia Selvia Malar Justin
Keyword(s):  
Civil Service ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Public Officials ◽  
Government Sector ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Service Commission ◽  
The Government ◽  
Philippine Government ◽  
Personnel Administration

This study is aimed at filling the gap and will discuss the overview of both the legal reform processes happening in the public sector of the Philippine government and of recent developments and challenges initiated by the Civil Service Commission of the Philippine government as its Central Personnel Agency. This chapter will cover the years commencing 1986 up to the present dispensation of the Duterte administration where the primary goal is to study and suggest the approaches to reforming the Civil Service system and its decision-making process. It also outlines the discourses on the reform of public service among educators and public officials in the Philippines. Then, it elaborates on the laws and institutional measures introduced for an effective public personnel administration system in the country. A documentary analysis on the successful practices of public personnel administration will be used to evolve on the possible steps/strategies to further enhance the delivery of personnel services of the government sector workforce in the Philippines.

scholarly journals The Turkmen-style economic development

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 581-591
Author(s):  
Wioletta Nowak
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Government Expenditure ◽  
Social Needs ◽  
Inclusive Development ◽  
Social Spending ◽  
National Budget ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
News Websites ◽  
Authoritarian Government ◽  
The Government

The resource-rich and state-led Turkmen economy has grown very fast since the beginning of the twenty-first century. The authorities have produced a number of various programmes and strategies aimed at improving the standard of living of the citizens and achieving sustainable and inclusive development. Officially, nearly 80% of the national budget in Turkmenistan has been annually allocated for social needs. However, instead of creating opportunities and improving access to these opportunities for the citizens, the authoritarian government chose income redistribution and social spending. The paper identifies key features of the economic development in Turkmenistan and was written base on a critical analysis of state-controlled and independent news websites. The main feature of the Turkmen-style economic development is the growing deprivation of ordinary people. Poor citizens are getting poorer while the president’s relatives and patronage networks are getting richer. Huge gaps between the rural and urban population and tribal divisions have been observed in the country. Moreover, the Soviet-style work holidays continue. Despite significant improvements in infrastructure, provision for education and health care still remains poor in Turkmenistan. The government expenditure for social needs means investment in infrastructure, not human capital.

scholarly journals Social trauma as a contributory factor in Filipino’s vaccine hesitancy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raymond John D Vergara
Keyword(s):  
Public Trust ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Vaccine Hesitancy ◽  
Contributory Factor ◽  
Trauma Recovery ◽  
Safety And Efficacy ◽  
The Public ◽  
Social Trauma ◽  
The Government ◽  
Philippine Government

Abstract Despite of the Government’s effort to persuade the public to participate in its vaccination program against COVID-19, vaccine hesitancy remains to be a big challenge in the Philippines. While various efforts were undertaken to promote the safety and efficacy of vaccines against COVID-19, it is imperative that the Philippine government considers social traumas as a factor in vaccine hesitancy. This study proposes Judith Herman’s stages of trauma recovery as a possible framework that could be utilize by the government in its drive to increase public trust.

scholarly journals COVID 19: Impetus for “Community Spirits” among Filipinos

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-208
Author(s):  
Brando Cabigas Razon
Keyword(s):  
Virus Disease ◽  
Opportunity To Learn ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Good Effect ◽  
Religious Activities ◽  
Corona Virus ◽  
The People ◽  
Metro Manila ◽  
The Government ◽  
Philippine Government

Virus is a borderline between living and non-living things, not capable of reproduction but only do this process utilizing the machineries of a living cell. For most ordinary people in the Philippines, the corona virus that caused Corona Virus Disease in December 2019 (COVID 19) was not of big importance. The Philippine government was just observing the usual measure such as installing thermal screening in the airports to detect arriving passengers with flu. The virus continued to spread to the whole world. The continuous spread of the virus is the reason why mass media in print, in television, and other forms were used to educate people on how to prevent the spread of the virus. The Philippines positive cases were increasing almost exponentially. The Philippines government was getting more serious on the corona virus problem. President Rodrigo Duterte announced in the evening of March 12, 2020 of the month-long lock down of the whole Metro Manila from March 15 to April 14, 2020 as the country looks forward to contain the COVID 19. Land, domestic air and domestic sea to and from Metro Manila were suspended within the period. Social and religious activities that involved mass gathering were banned. Conferences, seminars and like activities were postponed and people were advised to stay at home. The lock down has brought about both negative and positive things to the government and to the people which can be observed commonly in every place. The negative things could fall into economic, social and psychological aspects. If corona virus brings negative and undesirable things in the community and in the Philippines, there are also positive things that sprouted. It is true indeed that a misfortune or a disaster to a place or persons can be an opportunity to others. Lots of things which are favorable and beneficial to many people and to the nature during the lock down which include economic, social and ecological aspects. The current situation brought by the corona virus that resulted to lock down implemented by the government of the Philippines gives an opportunity to learn the value of compassion and empathy in times of crisis. COVID 19 is bad, but people can also see the good effect of it. In the Philippines, people always boost the morale of our fellow Filipinos to unite in this battle to overcome this crisis and “together, we heal as one”.

scholarly journals CONCEPTUAL MODEL OF THE INFLUENCE OF BORDER CULTURE ON MARITIME POLICY AND THEIR IMPACT ON NATIONAL DEFENSE

JOURNAL ASRO ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (02) ◽  
pp. 24
Author(s):  
Maniur Pane ◽  
Usep Suhud ◽  
Dedi Purnawa ◽  
Choirul Anwar
Keyword(s):  
National Security ◽  
Conceptual Model ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Social Culture ◽  
Quantitative Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Maritime Policy ◽  
Border Communities ◽  
The Government

Historical facts show that in their heyday, the kingdoms in the archipelago such as Majapahit and Sriwijaya were maritime kingdoms with enormous power. With the ability to project their military power on and through the media of the sea, the two great empires were able to control the entire archipelago and even abroad. Although the government has declared Indonesia as the world's maritime axis, in its implementation there are several obstacles and among them are related to the culture of border communities who still do things that are contrary to the laws and regulations in Indonesia. The object of the research in this study is focused on the culture of the Indonesian people who are on the border area of ​​Indonesia and the Philippines in the province of North Sulawesi, which has hundreds of years and for generations, has a relationship with the Filipinos. So that by examining the variables related to the culture of border communities, it will be possible to determine the best maritime policy that can have positive implications for Indonesia's national security. This study aims to obtain a conceptual model that can present the cultural influence of border communities on the Indonesian government's maritime policy and its implications for Indonesia's national security, this model is needed as a basis for determining maritime policies that can have positive implications for strengthening Indonesia's national security. The conceptual model and framework are based on quantitative descriptive analysis method by describing the relationship between the variables and the indicators of each variable. The results of the study show that there is a significant influence between X1 (social culture of border communities) and Y1 (Maritime Policy), there is no significant effect between X2 (Economic activities of border communities) and Y1.   Keywords: Social culture, economic activity, illegal activities, maritime policy, national security.

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