Composition of fatty acid mixtures 11. A Further Development of the Twitchell Mixed-Melting-Point Method for Determination of Individual Saturated Fatty Acids

1934 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert N. Wenzel
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Melting Point ◽  
Mixed Melting Point ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Point Method ◽  
Fatty Acid Mixtures ◽  
Further Development

scholarly journals Factors Affecting the Absorbability of Fatty Acid Mixtures High in Saturated Fatty Acids

1963 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 1146-1154 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.J. Young ◽  
R.L. Garrett ◽  
M. Griffith
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Fatty Acid Mixtures

scholarly journals Susceptibility of Staphylococcus aureus and group A, B, C, and G streptococci to free fatty acids

1979 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 333-335
Author(s):  
P B Heczko ◽  
R Lütticken ◽  
W Hryniewicz ◽  
M Neugebauer ◽  
G Pulverer
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Free Fatty Acids ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Dienoic Acid ◽  
Dodecanoic Acid ◽  
Minimal Inhibitory Concentrations ◽  
Group A

The susceptibility of 242 strains of Staphylococcus aureus and 117 strains of streptococci of groups A, B, C, and G to decanoic, dodecanoic, octadeca-9,12-dienoic, and octadeca-9,12,15-trienoic acids was estimated by determination of minimal inhibitory concentrations. S. aureus strains appeared to be generally less susceptible to all four fatty acids than streptococcal strains of all groups. Dodecanoic acid was the most inhibitory fatty acid against both staphylococci and streptococci. Both saturated fatty acids used were more active than the unsaturated acids. Among the unsaturated acids, octadeca-9,12,15-trienoic acid appeared to be more inhibitory for Staphylococcus and Streptococcus strains than octadeca-9,12-dienoic acid. No differences in susceptibility to fatty acids among staphylococcal and streptococcal strains isolated from skin, throat, or other sites were found.

scholarly journals Determination of cholesterol and fatty acid content of commercially sold edible vegetable oils around Dire Dawa, Adama and Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 044-056
Author(s):  
Zelalem Gizachew Admassie ◽  
Jibrel Abdulkadir Eman ◽  
Sisay Awoke Endalew
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Profile ◽  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
Sunflower Oil ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Cholesterol Concentration

The fatty acids, cholesterol compositions and the ratio between unsaturated and saturated fatty acids are important parameters for the determination of the nutritional value of certain oils. Most oils sold in our markets are claimed they are cholesterol- free and their fatty acid profile is unknown. To determine the cholesterol and fatty acid profile of commercially sold vegetable oils in three places, twelve oil samples were analyzed for their cholesterol and fatty acid compositions. Cholesterol was detected in most sample oils except in nigger seed and peanut oils. Locally produced Sunflower oil has significantly (p < 0.05) highest cholesterol concentration (24.31±0.85) while Modjo oil has the least concentration (0.78± 0.16 mg/l). High saturated fatty acids were found in palm oil (43.87) with predominant presence of palmitic acid. Oleic acid (C16:0) is the predominant one in sunflower oil. Hamaressa and Modjo oils contained 46.12%, 16.7% Erucic acid (C20:1) respectively. Linoleic acid (C18:2 6c) was predominant in soybean oils (52.45–59.54%), corn oil (61.73%) and sunflower oil (43.54%). The highest percentage composition of alpha-linolenic acid was found in Hamaressa oil (1.27%) followed by Modjo oil (0.5%). Sesame, peanut and sunflower ( high oleic acid) oils were found to be better for salad and cooking purposes than other oils due to lower saturated and higher monounsaturated fatty acid contents. In general, the research output disclosed the quantity of cholesterol detected in sample oils contradicts the label of cholesterol claimed by most of the producers and marketers.

scholarly journals Effect of lactation period on the fatty acid composition in mares’ milk from different breeds

2013 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 335-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Pietrzak-Fiećko ◽  
R. Tomczyński ◽  
S. S. Smoczyński
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Lactation Period ◽  
Chromatography Method

Abstract. Analyses were carried out on the fatty acid composition of milk fat originating from mares of three breeds: Polish Cold-Blooded, Wielkopolski and Konik Polski. Milk was collected from mares in the early, mid and late lactation. Determination of fatty acids was conducted with the gas chromatography method. The analysis of the fatty acid composition demonstrated that over the entire lactation period unsaturated fatty acids (from 52.96 % to 62.46 %), represented mainly by linolenic (22.15 %) and oleic (19.98 %) acid, were predominantly present only in samples originating from mares of the Wielkopolski breed. In milk of mares of Konik Polski, saturated fatty acids appeared to predominate (51.95 % and 52.95 %) in the early and mid lactation, whereas unsaturated fatty acids (62.28 %) predominated in the late lactation. In the case of milk samples of the Polish Cold-Blooded mares, saturated fatty acids (represented mainly by palmitic acid) were observed to prevail in the early and late lactation (55.77 % and 61.31 %), whereas unsaturated fatty acids (52.20 %) were found to negligibly prevail in the mid lactation. The study confirmed that fatty acid composition was determined by the period of lactation and breed of the mares.

Platelet Aggregation in Finnish Men and Its Relation to Fatty Acids in Platelets, Plasma and Adipose Tissue

1985 ◽  
Vol 54 (03) ◽  
pp. 563-569 ◽  
Author(s):  
M K Salo ◽  
E Vartiainen ◽  
P Puska ◽  
T Nikkari
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Platelet Aggregation ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Ω3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Induced Aggregation

SummaryPlatelet aggregation and its relation to fatty acid composition of platelets, plasma and adipose tissue was determined in 196 randomly selected, free-living, 40-49-year-old men in two regions of Finland (east and southwest) with a nearly twofold difference in the IHD rate.There were no significant east-southwest differences in platelet aggregation induced with ADP, thrombin or epinephrine. ADP-induced platelet secondary aggregation showed significant negative associations with all C20-C22 ω3-fatty acids in platelets (r = -0.26 - -0.40) and with the platelet 20: 5ω3/20: 4ω 6 and ω3/ ω6 ratios, but significant positive correlations with the contents of 18:2 in adipose tissue (r = 0.20) and plasma triglycerides (TG) (r = 0.29). Epinephrine-induced aggregation correlated negatively with 20: 5ω 3 in plasma cholesteryl esters (CE) (r = -0.23) and TG (r = -0.29), and positively with the total percentage of saturated fatty acids in platelets (r = 0.33), but had no significant correlations with any of the ω6-fatty acids. Thrombin-induced aggregation correlated negatively with the ω3/6ω ratio in adipose tissue (r = -0.25) and the 20: 3ω6/20: 4ω 6 ratio in plasma CE (r = -0.27) and free fatty acids (FFA) (r = -0.23), and positively with adipose tissue 18:2 (r = 0.23) and 20:4ω6 (r = 0.22) in plasma phospholipids (PL).The percentages of prostanoid precursors in platelet lipids, i. e. 20: 3ω 6, 20: 4ω 6 and 20 :5ω 3, correlated best with the same fatty acids in plasma CE (r = 0.32 - 0.77) and PL (r = 0.28 - 0.74). Platelet 20: 5ω 3 had highly significant negative correlations with the percentage of 18:2 in adipose tissue and all plasma lipid fractions (r = -0.35 - -0.44).These results suggest that, among a free-living population, relatively small changes in the fatty acid composition of plasma and platelets may be reflected in significant differences in platelet aggregation, and that an increase in linoleate-rich vegetable fat in the diet may not affect platelet function favourably unless it is accompanied by an adequate supply of ω3 fatty acids.

EFFECT OF GINGER, LEMURU FISH OIL SAPONIFICATION AND OLIVE OIL ON COMPOSITION FATTY ACID OF BEEF

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-39
Author(s):  
Siwitri Kadarsih
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Olive Oil ◽  
Rice Bran ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Omega 6

The objective was to get beef that contain unsaturated fatty acids (especially omega 3 and 6), so as to improve intelligence, physical health for those who consume. The study design using CRD with 3 treatments, each treatment used 4 Bali cattle aged approximately 1.5 years. Observations were made 8 weeks. Pasta mixed with ginger provided konsentrat. P1 (control); P2 (6% saponification lemuru fish oil, olive oil 1%; rice bran: 37.30%; corn: 62.70%; KLK: 7%, ginger paste: 100 g); P3 (lemuru fish oil saponification 8%, 2% olive oil; rice bran; 37.30; corn: 62.70%; KLK: 7%, ginger paste: 200 g). Konsentrat given in the morning as much as 1% of the weight of the cattle based on dry matter, while the grass given a minimum of 10% of the weight of livestock observation variables include: fatty acid composition of meat. Data the analyzies qualitative. The results of the study showed that the composition of saturated fatty acids in meat decreased and an increase in unsaturated fatty acids, namely linoleic acid (omega 6) and linolenic acid (omega 3), and deikosapenta deikosaheksa acid.Keywords : 

In vivo study of the biosynthesis of long-chain fatty acids using deuterated water

1995 ◽  
Vol 269 (2) ◽  
pp. E247-E252 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. O. Ajie ◽  
M. J. Connor ◽  
W. N. Lee ◽  
S. Bassilian ◽  
E. A. Bergner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Chain Elongation ◽  
Deuterated Water ◽  
De Novo Synthesis ◽  
Isotopomer Distribution ◽  
Long Chain ◽  
Mass Isotopomer

To determine the contributions of preexisting fatty acid, de novo synthesis, and chain elongation in long-chain fatty acid (LCFA) synthesis, the synthesis of LCFAs, palmitate (16:0), stearate (18:0), arachidate (20:0), behenate (22:0), and lignocerate (24:0), in the epidermis, liver, and spinal cord was determined using deuterated water and mass isotopomer distribution analysis in hairless mice and Sprague-Dawley rats. Animals were given 4% deuterated water for 5 days or 8 wk in their drinking water. Blood was withdrawn at the end of these times for the determination of deuterium enrichment, and the animals were killed to isolate the various tissues for lipid extraction for the determination of the mass isotopomer distributions. The mass isotopomer distributions in LCFA were incompatible with synthesis from a single pool of primer. The synthesis of palmitate, stearate, arachidate, behenate, and lignocerate followed the expected biochemical pathways for the synthesis of LCFAs. On average, three deuterium atoms were incorporated for every addition of an acetyl unit. The isotopomer distribution resulting from chain elongation and de novo synthesis can be described by the linear combination of two binomial distributions. The proportions of preexisting, chain elongation, and de novo-synthesized fatty acids as a percentage of the total fatty acids were determined using multiple linear regression analysis. Fractional synthesis was found to vary, depending on the tissue type and the fatty acid, from 47 to 87%. A substantial fraction (24-40%) of the newly synthesized molecules was derived from chain elongation of unlabeled (recycled) palmitate.

scholarly journals Explore the gene network regulating the composition of fatty acids in cottonseed

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lihong Ma ◽  
Xinqi Cheng ◽  
Chuan Wang ◽  
Xinyu Zhang ◽  
Fei Xue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Gene Network ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Accumulation Pattern ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Expression Characteristics

Abstract Background Cottonseed is one of the major sources of vegetable oil. Analysis of the dynamic changes of fatty acid components and the genes regulating the composition of fatty acids of cottonseed oil is of great significance for understanding the biological processes underlying biosynthesis of fatty acids and for genetic improving the oil nutritional qualities. Results In this study, we investigated the dynamic relationship of 13 fatty acid components at 12 developmental time points of cottonseed (Gossypium hirsutum L.) and generated cottonseed transcriptome of the 12 time points. At 5–15 day post anthesis (DPA), the contents of polyunsaturated linolenic acid (C18:3n-3) and saturated stearic acid (C18:0) were higher, while linoleic acid (C18:2n-6) was mainly synthesized after 15 DPA. Using 5 DPA as a reference, 15,647 non-redundant differentially expressed genes were identified in 10–60 DPA cottonseed. Co-expression gene network analysis identified six modules containing 3275 genes significantly associated with middle-late seed developmental stages and enriched with genes related to the linoleic acid metabolic pathway and α-linolenic acid metabolism. Genes (Gh_D03G0588 and Gh_A02G1788) encoding stearoyl-ACP desaturase were identified as hub genes and significantly up-regulated at 25 DPA. They seemed to play a decisive role in determining the ratio of saturated fatty acids to unsaturated fatty acids. FAD2 genes (Gh_A13G1850 and Gh_D13G2238) were highly expressed at 25–50 DPA, eventually leading to the high content of C18:2n-6 in cottonseed. The content of C18:3n-3 was significantly decreased from 5 DPA (7.44%) to 25 DPA (0.11%) and correlated with the expression characteristics of Gh_A09G0848 and Gh_D09G0870. Conclusions These results contribute to our understanding on the relationship between the accumulation pattern of fatty acid components and the expression characteristics of key genes involved in fatty acid biosynthesis during the entire period of cottonseed development.

Formation of debranched wheat starch-fatty acid inclusion complexes using saturated fatty acids with different chain length

LWT ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 110867
Author(s):  
Min Hyeock Lee ◽  
Ha Ram Kim ◽  
Woo Su Lim ◽  
Min-Cheol Kang ◽  
Hee-Don Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Chain Length ◽  
Inclusion Complexes ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Wheat Starch

scholarly journals Circulating fatty acid profiles are associated with protein energy wasting in maintenance hemodialysis patients: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ban-Hock Khor ◽  
◽  
Sharmela Sahathevan ◽  
Ayesha Sualeheen ◽  
Mohammad Syafiq Md Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Serum Albumin ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Maintenance Hemodialysis ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Markers Of Inflammation

AbstractThe metabolic impact of circulating fatty acids (FAs) in patients requiring hemodialysis (HD) is unknown. We investigated the associations between plasma triglyceride (TG) FAs and markers of inflammation, insulin resistance, nutritional status and body composition. Plasma TG-FAs were measured using gas chromatography in 341 patients on HD (age = 55.2 ± 14.0 years and 54.3% males). Cross-sectional associations of TG-FAs with 13 markers were examined using multivariate linear regression adjusted for potential confounders. Higher levels of TG saturated fatty acids were associated with greater body mass index (BMI, r = 0.230), waist circumference (r = 0.203), triceps skinfold (r = 0.197), fat tissue index (r = 0.150), serum insulin (r = 0.280), and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (r = 0.276), but lower malnutrition inflammation score (MIS, r =  − 0.160). Greater TG monounsaturated fatty acid levels were associated with lower lean tissue index (r =  − 0.197) and serum albumin (r =  − 0.188), but higher MIS (r = 0.176). Higher levels of TG n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) were associated with lower MIS (r =  − 0.168) and interleukin-6 concentrations (r =  − 0.115). Higher levels of TG n-6 PUFAs were associated with lower BMI (r =  − 0.149) but greater serum albumin (r = 0.112). In conclusion, TG monounsaturated fatty acids were associated with poor nutritional status, while TG n-3 PUFAs were associated with good nutritional status. On the other hand, TG saturated fatty acids and TG n-6 PUFAs had both favorable and unfavorable associations with nutritional parameters.

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