Protective Effect of Supplementation of Fish Oil with Highn−3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids against Oxidative Stress-Induced DNA Damage of Rat Liver in Vivo

2003 ◽  
Vol 51 (20) ◽  
pp. 6073-6079 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiyomi Kikugawa ◽  
Yoshinobu Yasuhara ◽  
Ken Ando ◽  
Keiko Koyama ◽  
Kazuyuki Hiramoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Dna Damage ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Rat Liver

scholarly journals Fish oil omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids attenuate oxidative stress-induced DNA damage in vascular endothelial cells

PLoS ONE ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. e0187934 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiemi Sakai ◽  
Mari Ishida ◽  
Hideo Ohba ◽  
Hiromitsu Yamashita ◽  
Hitomi Uchida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Dna Damage ◽  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Vascular Endothelial Cells ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Omega 3

scholarly journals Apoptosis mediated chemosensitization of tumor cells to 5-fluorouracil on supplementation of fish oil in experimental colon carcinoma

Tumor Biology ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 101042831769501 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isha Rani ◽  
Bhoomika Sharma ◽  
Sandeep Kumar ◽  
Satinder Kaur ◽  
Navneet Agnihotri
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Dna Damage ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Apoptotic Index ◽  
Apoptotic Pathway ◽  
Apoptotic Effect ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Apoptotic Pathways

5-Fluorouracil has been considered as a cornerstone therapy for colorectal cancer; however, it suffers from low therapeutic response rate and severe side effects. Therefore, there is an urgent need to increase the clinical efficacy of 5-fluorouracil. Recently, fish oil rich in n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids has been reported to chemosensitize tumor cells to anti-cancer drugs. This study is designed to understand the underlying mechanisms of synergistic effect of fish oil and 5-fluorouracil by evaluation of tumor cell–associated markers such as apoptosis and DNA damage. The colon cancer was developed by administration of N,N-dimethylhydrazine dihydrochloride and dextran sulfate sodium salt. Further these animals were treated with 5-fluorouracil, fish oil, or a combination of both. In carcinogen-treated animals, a decrease in DNA damage and apoptotic index was observed. There was also a decrease in the expression of Fas, FasL, caspase 8, and Bax, and an increase in Bcl-2. In contrast, administration of 5-fluorouracil and fish oil as an adjuvant increased both DNA damage and apoptotic index by activation of both extrinsic and intrinsic apoptotic pathways as compared to the other groups. The increased pro-apoptotic effect by synergism of 5-fluorouracil and fish oil may be attributed to the incorporation of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in membrane, which alters membrane fluidity in cancer cells. In conclusion, this study highlights that the induction of apoptotic pathway by fish oil may increase the susceptibility of tumors to chemotherapeutic regimens.

Total Synthesis of DHA and DPAn-3 non-enzymatic oxylipins

Synthesis ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
alexandre guy ◽  
Jérémy Merad ◽  
Thomas Degrange ◽  
Guillaume Reversat ◽  
Valérie Bultel-Poncé ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Docosahexaenoic Acid ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Total Synthesis ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Chemical Structures ◽  
Structural Variety ◽  
Synthetic Strategy

Oxylipins are formed in-vivo from polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). A large structural variety of compounds is grouped under the term oxylipins, which differ from their formation mechanism (involving enzymes or not), as well as their chemical structures (cyclopentanes, tetrahydrofurans, hydroxylated-PUFA etc.). All structures of oxylipins are of great biological interests. Directly correlated to oxidative stress phenomenon, non-enzymatic oxylipins are used as systemic and/or specific biomarkers in various pathologies and more especially, they were found to have their own biological properties. Produced in-vivo as a non-separable mixture of isomers, total synthesis is a keystone to answer biological questions. In this work, we described the total synthesis of three non-enzymatic oxylipins derived from docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and docosapentanoic acid (DPAn-3) using a unique and convergent synthetic strategy.

The role of oxidative stress in the differential effects between n−3 and n−6 polyunsaturated fatty acids and the protective effects of algal and fish oil in colon carcinogenesis

2007 ◽  
Vol 172 ◽  
pp. S60-S61
Author(s):  
Gerrit Alink ◽  
Vincent van Beelen ◽  
Jac Aarts ◽  
Raoul Bino ◽  
Dirk Bosch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Colon Carcinogenesis ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Differential Effects

scholarly journals Thyroid hormone contributes to the hypolipidemic effect of polyunsaturated fatty acids from fish oil: in vivo evidence for cross talking mechanisms

2011 ◽  
Vol 211 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luana Lopes Souza ◽  
Aline Cordeiro ◽  
Lorraine Soares Oliveira ◽  
Gabriela Silva Monteiro de Paula ◽  
Larissa Costa Faustino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Thyroid State ◽  
Body Protein

n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) from fish oil (FO) exert important lipid-lowering effects, an effect also ascribed to thyroid hormones (TH) and TH receptor β1 (TRβ1)-specific agonists. n-3 PUFA effects are mediated by nuclear receptors, such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPAR) and others. In this study, we investigated a role for TH signaling in n-3 PUFA effects. Euthyroid and hypothyroid adult rats (methimazole-treated for 5 weeks) received FO or soybean oil (control) by oral administration for 3 weeks. In euthyroid rats, FO treatment reduced serum triglycerides and cholesterol, diminished body fat, and increased protein content of the animals. In addition, FO-treated rats exhibited higher liver expression of TRβ1 and mitochondrial α-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase (mGPD), at protein and mRNA levels, but no alteration of glutathione S-transferase or type 1 deiodinase. In hypothyroid condition, FO induced reduction in serum cholesterol and increase in body protein content, but lost the ability to reduce triglycerides and body fat, and to induce TRβ1 and mGDP expression. FO did not change PPARα liver abundance regardless of thyroid state; however, hypothyroidism led to a marked increase in PPARα liver content but did not alter TRβ1 or TRα expression. The data suggest that part of the effect of n-3 PUFA from FO on lipid metabolism is dependent on TH signaling in specific steps and together with the marked upregulation of PPARα in liver of hypothyroid rats suggest importantin vivoconsequences of the cross-talking between those fatty acids and TH pathways in liver metabolism.

scholarly journals The Role of Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Stroke

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiyuan Bu ◽  
Yang Dou ◽  
Xiaodi Tian ◽  
Zhong Wang ◽  
Gang Chen
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Cerebral Injury ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Stroke Treatment ◽  
Beneficial Effects

Stroke is the third commonest cause of death following cardiovascular diseases and cancer. In particular, in recent years, the morbidity and mortality of stroke keep remarkable growing. However, stroke still captures people attention far less than cardiovascular diseases and cancer. Past studies have shown that oxidative stress and inflammation play crucial roles in the progress of cerebral injury induced by stroke. Evidence is accumulating that the dietary supplementation of fish oil exhibits beneficial effects on several diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases, metabolic diseases, and cancer. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs), the major component of fish oil, have been found against oxidative stress and inflammation in cardiovascular diseases. And the potential of n-3 PUFAs in stroke treatment is attracting more and more attention. In this review, we will review the effects of n-3 PUFAs on stroke and mainly focus on the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of n-3 PUFAs.

Comparison of the effects of dietary n−3 and n−6 polyunsaturated fatty acids on very-low-density lipoprotein secretion when delivered to hepatocytes in chylomicron remnants

2001 ◽  
Vol 357 (2) ◽  
pp. 481-487 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaozhong ZHENG ◽  
Michael AVELLA ◽  
Kathleen M. BOTHAM
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Very Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Chylomicron Remnants

The effects of chylomicron remnants enriched in n-3 or n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (derived from fish or corn oil respectively) on the secretion of very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) lipid and apolipoprotein B (apoB) by rat hepatocytes in culture was investigated. Remnants were prepared in vivo from chylomicrons obtained from rats given an oral dose of fish or corn oil and incubated with cultured hepatocytes for up to 16h. The medium was then removed and the secretion of cholesterol and triacylglycerol into the whole medium or the ρ < 1.050g/ml fraction during the following 7–24h was determined. After exposure of the cells to fish-oil as compared with corn-oil remnants, secretion of both cholesterol and triacylglycerol into the whole medium was decreased by 25–35%, and secretion into the ρ < 1.050g/ml fraction was decreased by 20–25%. In addition, the levels of apoB48 found in the ρ < 1.050g/ml fraction were significantly lower in cells treated with fish-oil rather than corn-oil remnants, although the levels of apoB100 remained unchanged. The expression of mRNA for apoB, as determined by reverse-transcriptase PCR, however, was not significantly changed after exposure of the cells to both types of remnants. These results demonstrate that the effects of dietary n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in depressing hepatic VLDL secretion occur directly when they are delivered to the liver from the intestine in chylomicron remnants, and that the secretion, but not the synthesis, of apoB is targeted.

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