An Exercise in Improving Suicide Reporting in Print Media

Crisis ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konrad Michel ◽  
Conrad Frey ◽  
Kathrin Wyss ◽  
Ladislav Valach
Keyword(s):  
Print Media ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Personal Contact ◽  
Press Conference ◽  
Quality Of Reporting ◽  
The Press ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Personal Meeting ◽  
The One

This study was conducted to support the publication of guidelines for media reporting on suicide. First, quantitative and qualitative aspects of suicide reporting in Swiss print media were surveyed over a time span of 8 months. The results were presented at a national press conference, and written guidelines for suicide reporting were sent out to all newspaper editors. The results of the survey and the guidelines were discussed in a personal meeting with the Editor-in-Chief of the main tabloid. After the publication of the guidelines a second, identical survey was conducted. The main variables regarding frequency, form, and content of the newspaper reports before and after the press conference were compared. The number of articles, on the one hand, increased over the 3 years between the first and second survey, but the quality of reporting clearly improved on the other. The personal contact with the editor of the tabloid was probably the most effective means of intervention.

scholarly journals The Unemployment of Today and Tomorrow in Romania

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 52
Author(s):  
Mictat Garlan
Keyword(s):  
Labor Migration ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Political Regime ◽  
National Commission ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
Active Population ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The One ◽  
State Enterprises

For any political regime the employment and unemployment of active population represents the most pressing social and economic obligation. in Romania, any comparative study before and after 1990, on 2 x 2 decades of different economic policies, can observe the damaging effects which they had forced privatization of state enterprises on the labor market, with over 1,000,000 declared unemployed in 1999, compared to zero unemployed in 1989. After this disaster, and after a short economic rehabilitation, it followed another crisis, with a further increase in unemployment of ANOFM, from 445,000 persons in 2009 to 626,960 persons in 2010 to 740,000 in 2011 of 674,000 in November 2012 , 512 333 persons in December 2013 to 724,000 persons in March 2014. These data indicate that in Romania the crisis is not over yet. in parallel to these developments there have been published the analyzes of the National Commission for Prognosis, but with some significant deviations in two directions. On the one hand, the calculations are made on the formula BIM records, and on the other hand, they are in the direction of a lower estimates. So, in the estimates of performed forecasts for the years 2014 -2017, with trend analysis and analysis of previous years, the total number of unemployed in 2011 was to be of 730 200 persons. in 2012 the total number of unemployed was to be of 701,200 persons, in 2013 of 726,000 persons, of 705,000 persons in 2014, of 690,000 in 2015 and of 685,000 in 2016. Without contesting the effort to accuracy of this Commission and the fact that any forecast includes a dose of risk too, there are obviously immeasurable variables that were not taken into account. We refer to the quality of business environment, revenues polarization, with decreasing trends in wages, to labor migration especially medium and high qualified. We refer to the existing difficulties in the allocation of development credits, to the corruption of officials from the local councils the excess of electoral concerns of governments, with the necessity of different approaches for each of them. With this supplement of fren factors we can say that on prospective 2 years, the registered unemployment from National Institute of Statistics, will not fall below 740.000 persons. To these things, it must be added the volume of more than twice unregistered persons, which means a total of approx. two million persons, this being the actual estimation of the non-employed population, to which has reached in Romania today.

scholarly journals Reporting on electoral violence in Nigerian news media: “Saying it as it is”?

2019 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 83-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leila Demarest ◽  
Arnim Langer
Keyword(s):  
News Media ◽  
Freedom Of The Press ◽  
Quality Of Reporting ◽  
Electoral Violence ◽  
Political Influences ◽  
The Press ◽  
Run Up ◽  
Freedom House

Abstract:While Nigeria has a vibrant press media landscape, freedom of the press is only rated as “partly free” by Freedom House, mostly due to political influences on reporting. Yet the extent to which these influences affect the quality of reporting remains insufficiently investigated. We address this gap by analyzing how three newspapers with different political affiliations report on conflict in the run-up to the 2015 elections. Our analyses indicate that biases in reporting are generally limited, and that while political pressures are real, they are most evident in editorial choices.

scholarly journals MICROMORPHOLOGY OF TEGUMENT OF EURYTREMA PANCREATICUM BEFORE AND AFTER ANTHELMINTICS

2021 ◽  
pp. 85-90
Author(s):  
Bibik ◽  
Nacheva ◽  
Nesterok
Keyword(s):  
Outer Part ◽  
Expert Assessment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Comparative Effect ◽  
Comparative Aspect ◽  
Before And After ◽  
After Effect ◽  
Outer Cover ◽  
The One

The article describes micromorphological features of the tegument of the trematode of the species Eurytrema pancreaticum (Janson, 1899), Loos, 1907, family Dicrocoelliidae Odhner, 1911. The parasites were collected by dissection of spontaneously infected animals (cattle) with Eurytrema and with formed chronic eurythrematosis. Some of the trematodes were collected from the control group of animals, and some after deworming with anthelmintics. Using histological methods in a comparative aspect with the control, changes in the morphological features of the tegument of Eurytrema after effect of hexachloroparaxylol and oxinid were shown. It has been established that the toxic effect of anthelmintics causes destruction of the tegument. This increases the permeability of the drug and its metabolites through the outer cover of the trematodes into their body. There is a complete atrophy of the outer part of the tegument, and in the inner part of the tegument there is a decrease in the number of degenerative cells with hexachloroparaxylol and their increase with oxinid. The comparative effect by two anthelmintics of the old generation on the tegument is described to emphasize the effectiveness of their use in trematodiases, on the one hand, and to show the quality of histological methods in the expert assessment of drugs, on the other.

scholarly journals Quality of reporting and risk of bias: a review of randomised trials in occupational health

2021 ◽  
pp. oemed-2020-107038
Author(s):  
Christina Tikka ◽  
Jos Verbeek ◽  
Sharea Ijaz ◽  
Jan L Hoving ◽  
Julitta Boschman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Health ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Reporting Quality ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Randomised Trials ◽  
Quality Of Reporting ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Randomised Controlled

ObjectivesTo assess the reporting quality of randomisation and allocation methods in occupational health and safety (OHS) trials in relation to Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) requirements of journals, risk of bias (RoB) and publication year.MethodsWe systematically searched for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) in PubMed between 2010 and May 2019 in 18 OHS journals. We measured reporting quality as percentage compliance with the CONSORT 2010 checklist (items 8–10) and RoB with the ROB V.2.0 tool (first domain). We tested the mean difference (MD) in % in reporting quality between CONSORT-requiring and non-requiring journals, trials with low, some concern and high RoB and publications before and after 2015.ResultsIn 135 articles reporting on 129 RCTs, average reporting quality was at 37.4% compliance (95% CI 31.9% to 43.0%), with 10% of articles reaching 100% compliance. Reporting quality was significantly better in CONSORT-requiring journals than non-requiring journals (MD 31.0% (95% CI 21.4% to 40.7%)), for studies at low RoB than high RoB (MD 33.1% (95% CI 16.1% to 50.2%)) and with RoB of some concern (MD 39.8% (95% CI 30.0% to 49.7%)). Reporting quality did not improve over time (MD −5.7% (95% CI −16.8% to 5.4%).ConclusionsArticles in CONSORT-requiring journals and of low RoB studies show better reporting quality. Low reporting quality is linked to unclear RoB judgements (some concern). Reporting quality did not improve over the last 10 years and CONSORT is insufficiently implemented. Concerted efforts by editors and authors are needed to improve CONSORT implementation.

scholarly journals Plastic Deformation Zone in Electromagnetic Cutting

2017 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 2303-2308
Author(s):  
Z. Zimniak
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Field ◽  
Conventional Method ◽  
Plastic Deformation Zone ◽  
High Quality ◽  
The Press ◽  
Cutting Equipment ◽  
Additional Costs ◽  
The One ◽  
Quality Surface

AbstractThis paper presents the application of the electromagnetic field as a tool for metal sheet cutting. The experiments showed that one can easily adapt the conventional cutting equipment to the electromagnetic cutting technology and thereby eliminate the mechanical work of the punch and the press. Two methods exploiting the electromagnetic field as the tool for cutting sheet metal were used. In one of the methods the cutting element was a die while in the other method a punch was used for cutting. Owing to the high quality surface of the cut obtained by each of the methods the cutting process does not entail additional costs for removing burrs. The shape of the surface of the cut is different than the one obtained by traditional blanking – no zones characteristic of the latter are present here. In the case of both materials, the rollover of the sheet surface is much larger and longer than in the conventional method. In comparison with the conventional method, the electromagnetic machining technology ensures high quality of the surface of the cut and can be successfully used in the industry.

scholarly journals Quality of Reporting and Study Design of CKD Cohort Studies Assessing Mortality in the Elderly Before and After STROBE: A Systematic Review

PLoS ONE ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. e0155078 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anirudh Rao ◽  
Katharina Brück ◽  
Shona Methven ◽  
Rebecca Evans ◽  
Vianda S. Stel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Study Design ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Quality Of Reporting ◽  
Before And After

Quality of Reporting of Randomised Controlled Trials of Acupuncture for Neurological Diseases Conducted in China

2014 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 411-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaoquan Luo ◽  
Liming Lu ◽  
Jingchun Zeng
Keyword(s):  
Neurological Disorders ◽  
Randomised Controlled Trials ◽  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Slight Improvement ◽  
Quality Of Reporting ◽  
Maximum Score ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Randomised Controlled

Objectives To investigate the quality of reporting for randomised controlled trials of acupuncture for neurological disorders conducted in China before and after the implementation of the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) and Standards for Reporting Interventions in Controlled Trials of Acupuncture (STRICTA) guidelines. Methods The quality of reporting for included papers was assessed against a subset of criteria adapted from CONSORT and STRICTA. CONSORT and STRICTA were developed in 1996 and 2001, respectively. Thus, for the date of publication we selected 2-year periods, at 5-yearly intervals: 1994–1995; 1999–2000; 2004–2005 and 2009–2010. These selections cover the periods before the publication dates of both guidelines (1996, 2001) and at least 3 years afterwards, and provide reasonably up-to-date data. We calculated the total score for each guideline and compared reported differences during different date ranges. Results For CONSORT items (maximum score 8), there was evidence of a slight improvement in reporting between 1994–1995 and 1999–2000 combined (2.5±0.6) and 2004–2005 and 2009–2010 combined (3.0±0.9) (difference 0.5, 95% CI 0.2 to 0.8). For STRICTA items (maximum score 17), there was evidence of a slight improvement in reporting between 1994–1995 and 1999–2000 combined (8.9±1.8) and 2004–2005 and 2009–2010 combined (10.3±1.6) (difference 1.4, 95% CI 0.9 to 1.9). Conclusions The quality of reporting for studies of acupuncture for neurological disorders has generally improved since the implementation of STRICTA and CONSORT guidelines.

scholarly journals One-year effect of wearing orthokeratology lenses on the visual quality of juvenile myopia: a retrospective study

PeerJ ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e6998 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yewei Yin ◽  
Yang Zhao ◽  
Xiaoying Wu ◽  
Mengyang Jiang ◽  
Xiaobo Xia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Quality ◽  
Wavefront Aberration ◽  
Corneal Curvature ◽  
Modulation Transfer ◽  
Year Effect ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
One Year ◽  
The One

Objective To study the one-year effect of wearing orthokeratology (OK) lenses on the visual quality of juvenile myopia. Methods The right eyes of 36 juvenile myopias were retrospectively studied in this work. Q-value, e-value, corneal curvature, strehl ratio (SR), modulation transfer function (MTF) and wavefront aberration (WA) were compared before and at 1, 3 and 12 months after wearing OK lenses. The SR, MTF and WA of cornea, internal optic and ocular were analyzed separately. The spherical and cylinder diopter, vision acuity, compensating factor (CF) and compensative rate (CF%) were compared before and at 12 months after wearing OK lenses. Results (1) The vision of LogMAR increased and the corneal curvature decreased significantly after wearing OK lenses. There was no significant difference for the e-value before and after wearing OK lenses. The Q-value increased at 1 month but decreased at 3 and 12 months remarkably. (2) The ocular and internal optic SR and MTF increased significantly at 1 month and then remained stable. The MTF in different spacial frequencies increased after wearing OK lenses. There was no significant difference for the corneal SR before and after wearing OK lenses, and the corneal MTF decreased significantly after wearing OK lenses. (3) For the ocular, the total higher order aberration (HOA), spherical, coma and trefoil aberrations increased, and the total aberration, total lower order aberration (LOA) and defocus aberration decreased obviously except astigmatism. The corneal aberrations increased significantly after wearing OK lenses except astigmatism. For the internal optic, the total aberration, total LOA and defocus aberration decreased, and the total HOA, coma and trefoil aberration increased significantly except the astigmatism and spherical aberrations. (4) The CF and CF% of total aberration, total LOA, total HOA and coma aberrations increased, and those of astigmatism and spherical decreased at 12 months. Conclusions Orthokeratology is effective in correcting the refractive error and improving the vision quality of juvenile myopia over the one-year follow-up period.

Conclusion

2019 ◽  
pp. 173-178
Author(s):  
David P. Hadley
Keyword(s):  
Public Relations ◽  
Print Media ◽  
Central Intelligence Agency ◽  
Intelligence Agency ◽  
Cooperative Relationships ◽  
Film And Television ◽  
The Press ◽  
The One ◽  
Over Time

This conclusion argues that the end of the Year of Intelligence and the revelation of previous contacts between the press and the CIA altered the relationships of the press and the CIA that had existed before 1975–1976, helping accelerate preexisting trends. Advocates for and critics of the CIA were both disappointed by the Year of Intelligence’s outcome, and the divide between the two would grow increasingly partisan and continue over time. The conclusion also reflects on the importance of national and geopolitical circumstances in press-CIA relationships, determining that, though old relationships changed, an environment less critical than the post-Watergate 1970s, such as the one that emerged after the 9/11 terrorists attacks, could produce cooperative relationships once again. Finally, the conclusion argues that the Central Intelligence Agency has grown more sophisticated in its public relations approach, looking to film and television rather than print media to influence opinion.

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