scholarly journals Determinants of cord blood adipokines and association with neonatal abdominal adipose tissue distribution

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen Tan ◽  
Mya Thway Tint ◽  
Navin Michael ◽  
Fabian Yap ◽  
Yap Seng Chong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Cord Blood ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Fat Distribution ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Abdominal Adiposity ◽  
Neonatal Adiposity ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Abstract Background Cord blood leptin and adiponectin are adipokines known to be associated with birth weight and overall infant adiposity. However, few studies have investigated their associations with abdominal adiposity in neonates. We examined maternal factors associated with cord blood leptin and adiponectin, and the association of these adipokines with neonatal adiposity and abdominal fat distribution measured by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in an Asian mother–offspring cohort. Methods Growing Up in Singapore Towards healthy Outcomes (GUSTO), is a prospective mother–offspring birth cohort study in Singapore. Cord blood plasma leptin and adiponectin concentrations were measured using Luminex and Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay respectively in 816 infants. A total of 271 neonates underwent MRI within the first 2-weeks after delivery. Abdominal superficial (sSAT), deep subcutaneous (dSAT), and intra-abdominal (IAT) adipose tissue compartment volumes were quantified from MRI images. Multivariable regression analyses were performed. Results Indian or Malay ethnicity, female sex, and gestational age were positively associated with cord blood leptin and adiponectin concentrations. Maternal gestational diabetes (GDM) positively associated with cord blood leptin concentrations but inversely associated with cord blood adiponectin concentrations. Maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) showed a positive relationship with cord blood leptin but not with adiponectin concentrations. Each SD increase in cord blood leptin was associated with higher neonatal sSAT, dSAT and IAT; differences in SD (95% CI): 0.258 (0.142, 0.374), 0.386 (0.254, 0.517) and 0.250 (0.118, 0.383), respectively. Similarly, each SD increase in cord blood adiponectin was associated with higher neonatal sSAT and dSAT; differences in SD (95% CI): 0.185 (0.096, 0.274) and 0.173 (0.067, 0.278), respectively. The association between cord blood adiponectin and neonatal adiposity was observed in neonates of obese mothers only. Conclusions Cord blood leptin and adiponectin concentrations were associated with ethnicity, maternal BMI and GDM, sex and gestational age. Both adipokines showed positive association with neonatal abdominal adiposity.

scholarly journals Circulating betatrophin/ANGPTL8 levels correlate with body fat distribution in individuals with normal glucose tolerance but not those with glucose disorders

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Zheng ◽  
Juan Liu ◽  
Beverly S Hong ◽  
Yanbing Li
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Fat Distribution ◽  
Normal Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Body Fat Distribution ◽  
The Body ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Normal Glucose

Abstract Background: The relationship between betatrophin/ANGPTL8 and obesity has been investigated using body mass index (BMI); however, since BMI reflects overall adiposity rather than body fat distribution, it remains unclear whether fat deposition in different areas of the body affects betatrophin expression. Here, we investigated the correlation between circulating betatrophin levels and body fat distribution in patients with different glucose tolerance. Methods: In 128 participants with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT; n = 64) or normal glucose tolerance (NGT; n = 64), we measured circulating betatrophin levels by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and body fat distribution (subcutaneous, visceral, and limb fat) using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and a body fat meter. Results: After controlling for age, sex, and BMI, betatrophin was correlated positively with visceral adipose tissue-to-subcutaneous adipose tissue ratio ( VAT/SAT ratio; r = 0.339, p = 0.009) and negatively with body fat ratio (BFR; r = -0.275, p = 0.035), left lower limb fat ratio (LLR; r = -0.330, p = 0.011), and right lower limb fat ratio (RLR; r = -0.288, p = 0.027) in the NGT group, with these correlations remaining after controlling for triglycerides. VAT/SAT ratio (standardized β = 0.419, p = 0.001) was independently associated with serum betatrophin levels; however, betatrophin was not associated with body fat distribution variables in the IGT group. Conclusions: Circulating betatrophin levels correlated positively with VAT/SAT ratio and negatively with lower limb fat, but not subcutaneous or upper limb fat, in individuals with normal glucose tolerance. Thus, betatrophin may be a poten­tial biomarker for body fat distribution in individuals without glucose disorders.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Ethnic Variations in Visceral, Subcutaneous, Intra-Pancreatic, and Intra-Hepatic Fat Depositions by Magnetic Resonance Imaging among New Zealanders

Biomedicines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 174
Author(s):  
John Zhiyong Yang ◽  
Dech Dokpuang ◽  
Reza Nemati ◽  
Kevin Haokun He ◽  
Andy Baige Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Fat Distribution ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Anthropometric Indices ◽  
Pancreatic Fat ◽  
Hepatic Fat ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Anthropometric indices, such as body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and waist to height ratio (WHtR), have limitations in accurately predicting the pathophysiology of diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, and metabolic syndrome due to ethnic differences in fat distribution. Recent studies showed that the visceral adipose tissue (VAT) deposition and fat content of internal organs, most notably intra-hepatic and intra-pancreatic fat, has emerged as a more important parameter. In this study, we aimed to assess the coordination between the traditional anthropometric indices and the various fat depositions within different ethnicities in New Zealand. We recruited 104 participants with different ethnic backgrounds, including New Zealand Europeans, Māori (the indigenous people of New Zealand), Pacific Islanders (PI), and Asians. Their weight, height, and WC were measured, and subcutaneous, visceral, intra-hepatic, and intra-pancreatic fat depositions were obtained by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The result showed VAT, but not subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) depositions at all levels were significantly varied among the three groups. BMI was associated best with L23SAT in NZ Europeans (30%) and L45VAT in Māori/PI (24.3%). WC and WHtR were correlated well with L45SAT in the total population (18.8% and 12.2%, respectively). Intra-pancreatic fat deposition had a positive Pearson relationship with NZ European BMI and Māori/PI WC, but no regression correlation with anthropometric indices. Conventional anthropometric indices did not correspond to the same fat depositions across different ethnic groups.

scholarly journals Cell-type heterogeneity in adipose tissue is associated with complex traits and reveals disease-relevant cell-specific eQTLs

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Craig A. Glastonbury ◽  
Alexessander Couto Alves ◽  
Julia S. El-Sayed Moustafa ◽  
Kerrin S. Small
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Complex Traits ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Fat Distribution ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Cellular Heterogeneity ◽  
Tissue Cell ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
The Impact

AbstractAdipose tissue is comprised of a heterogeneous collection of cell-types which can differentially impact disease phenotypes. We investigated cell-type heterogeneity in two population-level subcutaneous adipose tissue RNAseq datasets (TwinsUK, N =766 and GTEx, N=326). We find that adipose cell-type composition is heritable and confirm the positive association between macrophage proportion and obesity (BMI), but find a stronger BMI-independent association with DXA-derived body-fat distribution traits. Cellular heterogeneity can confound ‘omic analyses, but is rarely taken into account in analysis of solid-tissue transcriptomes. We benchmark the impact of adipose tissue cell-composition on a range of standard analyses, including phenotypegene expression association, co-expression networks and cis-eQTL discovery. We applied G x Cell Type Proportion interaction models to identify 26 cell-type specific eQTLs in 20 genes, including 4 autoimmune disease GWAS loci, demonstrating the potential of in silico deconvolution of bulk tissue to identify cell-type restricted regulatory variants.

Effect of Prenatal Exposure to Bisphenols on Newborn Leucocyte Telomere Length: A Prospective Birth Cohort Study in China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Liang ◽  
Yantao Shao ◽  
Dongping Huang ◽  
Chunxiu Yang ◽  
Tao Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cord Blood ◽  
Telomere Length ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Prenatal Exposure ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Maternal Serum ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
Bisphenol S

Abstract Telomere length (TL) at birth is related to future diseases and long-term health. Bisphenols exhibit toxic effects and can cross the placenta barrier. However, the effect of prenatal exposure to bisphenols on newborn TL remains unknown. We aimed to explore the effects of prenatal exposure to bisphenols (i.e., bisphenol A (BPA), bisphenol B (BPB), bisphenol F (BPF), bisphenol S (BPS), and tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA)) on relative TL in newborns. A total of 801 mother–infant pairs were extracted from the Guangxi Zhuang Birth Cohort (GZBC). The relationships between bisphenol levels in maternal serum and relative TL in cord blood were examined by generalized linear models and restricted cubic spline (RCS) models. After adjusting for confounders, we observed a 3.19% (95% CI: -6.08%, -0.21%) reduction in relative cord blood TL among mothers ≥ 28 years with each 1-fold increase of BPS. However, each 1-fold increase of TBBPA, a 3.31% (95% CI: 0.67%, 6.01%) increased in relative cord blood TL among mothers < 28 years. The adjusted RCS models also revealed similar results (P overall < 0.05, P non-linear > 0.05). This is the first study to show a positive association between serum TBBPA levels and newborn relative TL among younger mothers. However, BPS levels were inversely correlated with TL in fetus born to older mothers. The results suggest fetuses of older pregnant women are more sensitivity to BPS exposure and accelerated aging or BPS-related diseases in later life may stem from early-life exposure.

scholarly journals The effect of paternal methyl-group donor intake on offspring DNA methylation and birth weight

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 311-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Pauwels ◽  
I. Truijen ◽  
M. Ghosh ◽  
R. C. Duca ◽  
S. A. S. Langie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Cord Blood ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Methylation Status ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Dna Hydroxymethylation ◽  
Methyl Group ◽  
Nutritional Studies

Most nutritional studies on the development of children focus on mother–infant interactions. Maternal nutrition is critically involved in the growth and development of the fetus, but what about the father? The aim is to investigate the effects of paternal methyl-group donor intake (methionine, folate, betaine, choline) on paternal and offspring global DNA (hydroxy)methylation, offspringIGF2DMR DNA methylation, and birth weight. Questionnaires, 7-day estimated dietary records, whole blood samples, and anthropometric measurements from 74 fathers were obtained. A total of 51 cord blood samples were collected and birth weight was obtained. DNA methylation status was measured using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (global DNA (hydroxy)methylation) and pyrosequencing (IGF2DMR methylation). Paternal betaine intake was positively associated with paternal global DNA hydroxymethylation (0.028% per 100 mg betaine increase, 95% CI: 0.003, 0.053,P=0.03) and cord blood global DNA methylation (0.679% per 100 mg betaine increase, 95% CI: 0.057, 1.302,P=0.03). Paternal methionine intake was positively associated with CpG1 (0.336% per 100 mg methionine increase, 95% CI: 0.103, 0.569,P=0.006), and mean CpG (0.201% per 100 mg methionine increase, 95% CI: 0.001, 0.402,P=0.049) methylation of theIGF2DMR in cord blood. Further, a negative association between birth weight/birth weight-for-gestational agez-score and paternal betaine/methionine intake was found. In addition, a positive association between choline and birth weight/birth weight-for-gestational agez-score was also observed. Our data indicate a potential impact of paternal methyl-group donor intake on paternal global DNA hydroxymethylation, offspring global andIGF2DMR DNA methylation, and prenatal growth.

scholarly journals Circulating betatrophin/ANGPTL8 levels correlate with body fat distribution in individuals with normal glucose tolerance but not those with glucose disorders

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
jing zheng(Former Corresponding Author) ◽  
Juan Liu ◽  
Beverly S Hong ◽  
Yanbing Li(New Corresponding Author)
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Fat Distribution ◽  
Normal Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Body Fat Distribution ◽  
The Body ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Normal Glucose

Abstract Background: The relationship between betatrophin/ANGPTL8 and obesity has been investigated using body mass index (BMI); however, since BMI reflects overall adiposity rather than body fat distribution, it remains unclear whether fat deposition in different areas of the body affects betatrophin expression. Here, we investigated the correlation between circulating betatrophin levels and body fat distribution in patients with different glucose tolerance. Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study in 128 participants with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT; n = 64) or normal glucose tolerance (NGT; n = 64). Circulating betatrophin levels were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Body fat distribution (subcutaneous, visceral, and limb fat) was measured by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and a body fat meter.Results: After controlling for age, sex, and BMI, betatrophin was correlated positively with visceral adipose tissue-to-subcutaneous adipose tissue ratio ( VAT/SAT ratio; r = 0.339, p = 0.009) and negatively with body fat ratio (BFR; r = -0.275, p = 0.035), left lower limb fat ratio (LLR; r = -0.330, p = 0.011), and right lower limb fat ratio (RLR; r = -0.288, p = 0.027) in the NGT group, with these correlations remaining after controlling for triglycerides. VAT/SAT ratio (standardized β = 0.419, p = 0.001) was independently associated with serum betatrophin levels; however, betatrophin was not associated with body fat distribution variables in the IGT group.Conclusions: Circulating betatrophin levels correlated positively with VAT/SAT ratio and negatively with lower limb fat, but not subcutaneous or upper limb fat, in individuals with normal glucose tolerance. Thus, betatrophin may be a poten­tial biomarker for body fat distribution in individuals without glucose disorders.

scholarly journals Circulating betatrophin/ANGPTL8 levels correlate with body fat distribution in individuals with normal glucose tolerance but not those with glucose disorders

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Zheng ◽  
Juan Liu ◽  
Beverly S Hong ◽  
Weijian Ke New ◽  
Minmin Huang New ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Fat Distribution ◽  
Normal Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Body Fat Distribution ◽  
The Body ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Normal Glucose

Abstract Background: The relationship between betatrophin/ANGPTL8 and obesity has been investigated using body mass index (BMI); however, since BMI reflects overall adiposity rather than body fat distribution, it remains unclear whether fat deposition in different areas of the body affects betatrophin expression. Here, we investigated the correlation between circulating betatrophin levels and body fat distribution in patients with different glucose tolerance. Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study in 128 participants with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT; n = 64) or normal glucose tolerance (NGT; n = 64). Circulating betatrophin levels were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Body fat distribution (subcutaneous, visceral, and limb fat) was measured by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and a body fat meter. Results: After controlling for age, sex, and BMI, betatrophin was correlated positively with visceral adipose tissue-to-subcutaneous adipose tissue ratio ( VAT/SAT ratio; r = 0.339, p = 0.009) and negatively with body fat ratio (BFR; r = -0.275, p = 0.035), left lower limb fat ratio (LLR; r = -0.330, p = 0.011), and right lower limb fat ratio (RLR; r = -0.288, p = 0.027) in the NGT group, with these correlations remaining after controlling for triglycerides. VAT/SAT ratio (standardized β = 0.419, p = 0.001) was independently associated with serum betatrophin levels; however, betatrophin was not associated with body fat distribution variables in the IGT group. Conclusions: Circulating betatrophin levels correlated positively with VAT/SAT ratio and negatively with lower limb fat, but not subcutaneous or upper limb fat, in individuals with normal glucose tolerance. Thus, betatrophin may be a poten­tial biomarker for body fat distribution in individuals without glucose disorders.

scholarly journals Cord Blood Levels of Angiopoietin-Like 7 (ANGPTL7) in Preterm Infants

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Xin Xia ◽  
Zhuxiao Ren ◽  
Longli Yan ◽  
Xuaner Zheng ◽  
Haoming Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cord Blood ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Full Term ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
The Third ◽  
Multiple Line ◽  
Assay Result

Objective. ANGPTL7 is a member of the angiogenin-like protein family. Compared to other members, ANGPTL7 is the least known. Recent studies have explored the relationship between ANGPTL7 and multiple pathological processes and diseases. However, there is no research about ANGPTL7 in neonates. This study was designed to investigate the concentration of ANGPTL7 in cord blood of preterm infants. Method. Singleton infants born in November 2017 to June 2019 in the study hospital were enrolled in the study. Maternal and neonatal clinical data were collected. ANGPTL7 levels in cord blood and serum on the third day after birth were measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Result. A total of 182 infants were enrolled in this study. Patients were categorized into two groups by gestational age (102 preterm, 80 full-term). ANGPTL7 levels in preterm infants were significantly higher than that in full-term babies ( t = 15.4 , P < 0.001 ). In multiple line regression analysis, ANGPTL7 levels independently correlated with gestational age ( β = − 0.556 , P < 0.001 ). There is also no correlation between preterm outcomes and ANGPTL7 levels. Cord blood levels of ANGPTL7 were significantly higher than those in serum on the third day after birth ( t = 13.88 , P < 0.001 ). Conclusion. Cord blood ANGPTL7 levels are higher in preterm infants than full-term babies. The levels are independently influenced by gestational ages and attenuated significantly after birth. The underlying mechanism needs to be further studied.

scholarly journals Maternal Adipose Tissue Expansion, A Missing Link in the Prediction of Birth Weight Centile

2019 ◽  
Vol 105 (3) ◽  
pp. e814-e825 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eleanor M Jarvie ◽  
Frances M Stewart ◽  
Jane E Ramsay ◽  
E Ann Brown ◽  
Barbara J Meyer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Cord Blood ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Fat Distribution ◽  
Body Fat Distribution ◽  
Placental Weight ◽  
Maternal Body Mass Index ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Maternal Body

Abstract Context Maternal body mass index (BMI) is associated with increased birth weight but does not explain all the variance in fetal adiposity. Objective To assess the contribution of maternal body fat distribution to offspring birth weight and adiposity. Design Longitudinal study throughout gestation and at delivery. Setting Women recruited at 12 weeks of gestation and followed up at 26 and 36 weeks. Cord blood was collected at delivery. Patients Pregnant women (n = 45) with BMI 18.0 to 46.3 kg/m2 and healthy pregnancy outcome. Methods Maternal first trimester abdominal subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue thickness (SAT and VAT) was assessed by ultrasound. Main Outcome Measures Maternal body fat distribution, maternal and cord plasma glucose and lipid concentrations, placental weight, birth weight, and fetal adiposity assessed by cord blood leptin. Results VAT was the only anthropometric measure independently associated with birth weight centile (r2 adjusted 15.8%, P = .002). BMI was associated with trimester 2 and trimesters 1 through 3 area under the curve (AUC) glucose and insulin resistance (Homeostatic Model Assessment). SAT alone predicted trimester 2 lipoprotein lipase (LPL) mass (a marker of adipocyte insulin sensitivity) (11.3%, P = .017). VAT was associated with fetal triglyceride (9.3%, P = .047). Placental weight was the only independent predictor of fetal adiposity (48%, P &lt; .001). Maternal trimester 2 and AUC LPL were inversely associated with fetal adiposity (r = -0.69, P = .001 and r = -0.58, P = .006, respectively). Conclusions Maternal VAT provides additional information to BMI for prediction of birth weight. VAT may be a marker of reduced SAT expansion and increased availability of maternal fatty acids for placental transport.

scholarly journals Maternal glycemia during pregnancy and offspring abdominal adiposity measured by MRI in the neonatal period and preschool years: The Growing Up in Singapore Towards healthy Outcomes (GUSTO) prospective mother–offspring birth cohort study

2020 ◽  
Vol 112 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mya-Thway Tint ◽  
Suresh A Sadananthan ◽  
Shu-E Soh ◽  
Izzuddin M Aris ◽  
Navin Michael ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Neonatal Period ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Preschool Age ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Abdominal Adiposity ◽  
Growing Up ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACT Background Gestational diabetes is associated with unfavorable body fat distribution in offspring. However, less is known about the effects across the range of maternal gestational glycemia on offspring abdominal adiposity (AA) in infancy and early childhood. Objectives This study determined the association between gestational glycemia and offspring AA measured by MRI in the neonatal period and during the preschool years. Methods Participants were mother–offspring pairs from the GUSTO (Growing Up in Singapore Towards healthy Outcomes) prospective cohort study. Children who underwent MRI within 2 wk postdelivery (n = 305) and/or at preschool age, 4.5 y (n = 273), and whose mothers had a 2-h 75-g oral-glucose-tolerance test (OGTT) at 26–28 weeks of gestation were included. AA measured by adipose tissue compartment volumes—abdominal superficial (sSAT), deep subcutaneous (dSAT), and internal (IAT) adipose tissue—was quantified from MRI images. Results Adjusting for potential confounders including maternal prepregnancy BMI, each 1-mmol/L increase in maternal fasting glucose was associated with higher SD scores for sSAT (0.66; 95% CI: 0.45, 0.86), dSAT (0.65; 95% CI: 0.44, 0.87), and IAT (0.64; 95% CI: 0.42, 0.86) in neonates. Similarly, each 1-mmol/L increase in 2-h OGTT glucose was associated with higher neonatal sSAT (0.11; 95% CI: 0.03, 0.19) and dSAT (0.09; 95% CI: 0.00, 0.17). These associations were stronger in female neonates but only persisted in girls between fasting glucose, and sSAT and dSAT at 4.5 y. Conclusions A positive association between maternal glycemia and neonatal AA was observed across the whole range of maternal mid-gestation glucose concentrations. These findings may lend further support to efforts toward optimizing maternal hyperglycemia during pregnancy. The study also provides suggestive evidence on sex differences in the impact of maternal glycemia, which merits further confirmation in other studies. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01174875.

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