scholarly journals Continuous-variable tomography of solitary electrons

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. D. Fletcher ◽  
N. Johnson ◽  
E. Locane ◽  
P. See ◽  
J. P. Griffiths ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wigner Function ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Wide Band ◽  
Quantum Tomography ◽  
Continuous Variable ◽  
State Density ◽  
Electronic Excitations ◽  
Particle Distributions ◽  
Experimental Resolution ◽  
The Individual

AbstractA method for characterising the wave-function of freely-propagating particles would provide a useful tool for developing quantum-information technologies with single electronic excitations. Previous continuous-variable quantum tomography techniques developed to analyse electronic excitations in the energy-time domain have been limited to energies close to the Fermi level. We show that a wide-band tomography of single-particle distributions is possible using energy-time filtering and that the Wigner representation of the mixed-state density matrix can be reconstructed for solitary electrons emitted by an on-demand single-electron source. These are highly localised distributions, isolated from the Fermi sea. While we cannot resolve the pure state Wigner function of our excitations due to classical fluctuations, we can partially resolve the chirp and squeezing of the Wigner function imposed by emission conditions and quantify the quantumness of the source. This tomography scheme, when implemented with sufficient experimental resolution, will enable quantum-limited measurements, providing information on electron coherence and entanglement at the individual particle level.

scholarly journals Consequences of information covering the COVID-19 pandemic from the point of view of Terror Management Theory

2021 ◽  
Vol 273 ◽  
pp. 11012
Author(s):  
Polina Dmitrieva
Keyword(s):  
Information Technologies ◽  
Terror Management Theory ◽  
Terror Management ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Management Theory ◽  
Social Phenomena ◽  
Psychological Phenomena ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Information Coverage

The article is devoted to the description and explanation of individual psychological and social phenomena from the point of view of actualizing thanatic issues during the COVID-19 pandemic and its information coverage. The relevance of the study is due to the situation of the spread of coronavirus infection, the peculiarities of combating its spread, the influence of information technologies on this process and the need to understand the phenomena that have developed in society. The novelty of the research lies in the complex consideration of various social and individual psychological phenomena from the standpoint of the influence of the vital threat and existential fears on the individual and social consciousness. The article contains information on the socio-psychological phenomena that manifested themselves during the COVID-19 pandemic (alarmism, infodemic, intergroup tensions, stigmatization of certain groups of the population, a shift in political preferences, aggravation or emergence of mental disorders, inadequate purchasing activity) and describes them in terms of Terror Management Theory. In the conclusion, prospects are given for using the provisions of Terror Management Theory to develop a strategy for overcoming a pandemic situation, taking into account the action of proximal and distal defenses. The author comes to the conclusion that the features of the information coverage of the situation have a strong influence on its further development, in connection with which it is necessary to develop a clear plan for the preparation of official information that meets the criteria of completeness, credibility, scientific character and conveys the idea of positive realism.

Digital Technologies: Reality and Centaurs of Imagination

2021 ◽  
pp. 65-76
Author(s):  
Irina A. Gerasimova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Information Technologies ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
World Order ◽  
Routine Work ◽  
Catastrophic Risks ◽  
The One ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Mind ◽  
Nature And Society

The article combines historical, cultural and systematic approaches to the analysis of digital transformations of society and man. Digital technologies play a crucial role in the transformation of economy, politics and society at the new stage of technologization. Developments and strategic projects for the introduction of arti­ficial intelligence, robotics, augmented and hybrid realities are implemented not only in the areas of dangerous, labor-intensive and routine work (i.e. in military affairs, industry, financial and economic operations), but also in the intellectual and creative spheres. The global time of change requires a global-system analysis. The invention of high information technologies and the interest of big business in the one-sided technologization of society disrupted the balanced co-evolution of computer technology and society. The author offers a noo-eco-geosystem ap­proach to the analysis of the crisis of technogenic civilization and the search for ways out of it. The complex grid of coordinates of the analysis includes planetary-physical, geo-ecological, geopolitical, geo-economical, geo-social, national socio-cultural, ethical and anthropological dimensions. The noo-eco-geosystem ap­proach makes it possible to reveal the catastrophic risks of digital economy and society strategies. The author considers energy and information and communica­tion technologies as catalysts for the accelerated transformation of society and the individual. These catalysts allow us to identify both the negative and positive as­pects of the global processes of evolution, as well as the “positive in the nega­tive”. The system analysis of digital transformations of society and man assumes consideration of methodological aspects of opportunities and limitations of tech­nologies. The destructive and purifying character of the transformations of nature and society is considered as a self-organizing process of the formation of the global world order, the future picture of the world and the qualitative transforma­tions of the mind on the basis of the values of noospheric ethics and geosociality

Covid-19 as a Tool of Information Influence in the «Post-Truth» Epoch

2020 ◽  
pp. 72-85
Author(s):  
Nataliia Nechaieva-Yuriichuk
Keyword(s):  
Information Technologies ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Social Activism ◽  
Clear Understanding ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Remarkable Feature ◽  
World Community ◽  
The World ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Uk

he emergence of new information technologies has changed the course of human life – both modernizing and speeding its pace. A remarkable feature of the current socio-political situation is, in our opinion, is the (de) humanization of social communication. It is a question of actual change of a communication paradigm on horizontal and vertical levels. Virtualization as the basis of modern professional and personal life acquires more perfect forms. At the same time, according to the author, it is causing the destruction of the individual as such. The XXI century entered into the history of world civilization as an era of post-truth: in 2016, the Oxford Dictionary chose the term «post-truth» as the word of the year. In the last year of the second decade of the XXI century, Covid-19 became a top news not only in the field of health care, but also in other spheres of life of the world community, including the political sphere. The Covid-19 pandemic has become an instrument of informational influence, which in the post-truth era is one of the most effective in the context of transforming the individual and the mass consciousness in a «convenient» or «necessary» direction for a particular political actor. Since the beginning of the pandemic, disinformation about the origin of the coronavirus, ways of its spread, prevention measures, etc. has been actively spread. In addition, we observe purposeful activities to form an atmosphere of fear and panic among the masses; and in each region certain cases and features of the mentality are taken into account. Among the nations of the world, the United Kingdom has linked social activism to misinformation spread and the activity of various bots and trolls on networks. In March 2020, the UK government set up a special anti-disinformation unit. Dissemination of misinformation about the coronavirus is, in our opinion, one of the important tools to influence the world community in the context of changing worldviews and visions of national, regional and global development prospects. And a clear understanding of the purpose of these actions is a key for developing adequate mechanisms for protection against information violence, which in the post-truth era turns us into hostages to information flows.

Modeling Choice Between Competing Technologies

2018 ◽  
pp. 177-209
Author(s):  
Miguel I. Aguirre-Urreta ◽  
George M. Marakas
Keyword(s):  
Information Technologies ◽  
Limited Attention ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Business Professionals ◽  
The Past ◽  
Actual Choice ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Future Work ◽  
Competing Technologies

Even though there is a rich and extensive literature on the individual adoption of technologies, limited attention has been placed on the choice of one among competing alternatives, which the authors posit as an essential antecedent to the individual acceptance decision that has been considered in the past. In this chapter, they compare two levels at which the choice can be made—expectations and intentions—and then review and contrast four different comparison mechanisms that can integrate the evaluations made at each level as predictive of actual choice. These were investigated by asking business professionals to assess and evaluate technologies for potential adoption within their domain of expertise, and then a second study was conducted to further validate the results thus obtained. The authors also extensively discuss the implications of this research for future work on the processes leading to adoption of information technologies.

scholarly journals Structural features of complex hydrochemical systems

2019 ◽  
Vol 127 ◽  
pp. 02029
Author(s):  
Olga Shevtsova
Keyword(s):  
Collective Behavior ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Regression Line ◽  
Mathematical Expression ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Time Variability ◽  
Hydrochemical Parameters ◽  
Scale Range ◽  
The Individual

The set of non-conservative hydrochemical parameters is considered as a complex system, which displays collective behavior. It is found that the collective behavior is described by the power relation between the time variability (the standard deviations) and the average concentrations of different hydrochemical parameters in the scale range 100 – 0:0001 mg/kg. The exponent can be 0:7 – 0:9. Power law scaling is the mathematical expression of self similarity and fractality. The complex systems of nonconservative chemical parameters have a structure that can be characterized by exponent, normalization coefficient, standard error, correlation coefficient, and by sharp deviations of the individual parameters from the regression line and from the most probable average and standard deviation values, if any. It is shown with specific examples that changes in the hydrochemical systems structure are the result of the manifestation of biogeochemical processes and the dynamics of water. Regression analysis of collective behavior of complex hydrochemical systems is one of the examples of the use of modern information technologies based on the methods of system analysis.

scholarly journals From self-tracking to smart urban infrastructures: towards an interdisciplinary research agenda on Big Data

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 273-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco R Klauser ◽  
Anders Albrechtslund
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Data Gathering ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Exploratory Research ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Individual Use ◽  
The Many ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Automated Software

Recent debates on surveillance have emphasised the now myriad possibilities of automated, software-based data gathering, management and analysis. One of the many terms used to describe this phenomenon is ‘Big Data’. The field of Big Data covers a large and complex range of practices and technologies from smart borders to CCTV video analysis, and from consumer profiling to self-tracking applications. The paper’s aim is to explore the surveillance dynamics inherent in contemporary Big Data trends. To this end, the paper adopts two main perspectives concerned with two complementary expressions of Big Data: (1) the individual use of various techniques of self-surveillance and tracking and (2) the simultaneous trend to optimise urban infrastructures through smart information technologies. Drawing upon exploratory research conducted by the authors, the paper shows that both expressions of Big Data present a range of common surveillance dynamics on at least four levels: agency, temporality, spatiality and normativity. On these grounds, the paper highlights a series of important issues to explore in future research.

scholarly journals Continuous-variable teleportation of a negative Wigner function

2010 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ladislav Mišta ◽  
Radim Filip ◽  
Akira Furusawa
Keyword(s):  
Wigner Function ◽  
Continuous Variable

All IPI Factors Are Equal, but LDH Is More Equal Than Others.

Blood ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 106 (11) ◽  
pp. 1913-1913
Author(s):  
Gustaaf W. van Imhoff ◽  
W. Graveland ◽  
B. Van der Holt ◽  
M. Van Glabbeke ◽  
L. F. Verdonck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Continuous Variable ◽  
Prognostic Impact ◽  
Prognostic Information ◽  
Curative Intent ◽  
Non Hodgkin Lymphoma ◽  
The Individual

Abstract The International Prognostic Risk Index (IPI) offers the most important prognostic information in patients with aggressive non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (NHL). Risk classification is based on presence or absence of age >60 yr, stage III or IV, more than one extranodal site, performance score 2–4, or elevated serum LDH above the upper limit of normal (ULN). Because each factor confers a more or less equal independent risk for treatment outcome, they are summed to generate a final IPI risk score (Shipp model). Dichotomization of the continuous variable age is practical, as treatment for patients >60 yr often differs from younger ones. However, as LDH also is a continuous variable we wondered if risk based on actual LDH, especially in patients with highly elevated levels, would have additional prognostic impact. IPI risk factors including actual serum LDH at diagnosis were retrieved from 1286 patients (28% >60 yr) with advanced aggressive NHL and treated with curative intent in 6 clinical trials conducted by HOVON (5 trials) and EORTC (1 trial). All LDH ULNs from the participating centers were verified. LDH levels were divided by the ULN of each center to generate normalized ratios. Six % of patients had LDH >5 times ULN, 8% 3–5 times, 11% 2–3 times, 34% 1–2 times, 20% 0.75–1 times and 20% had levels below 0.75 of ULN. In a multivariate Cox regression model similar independent hazard ratios (HR) ranging from 1.6 to 2.6 were found for the individual dichotomized risk factors according to the Shipp model except for the number of extranodal sites which turned out to be non-significant. This factor was with a HR of 1.4 also the least predictive factor in the Shipp model. In contrast to the dichotomized LDH variable (normal versus elevated), risk for inferior outcome increased linearly with actual LDH levels. Five year OS estimates were 71% for patients with LDH <0.75 x ULN; 53% for 0.75–1; 49% for 1–2; 37% for 2–3; 31% for 3–5; and 25% for LDH >5 x ULN. The HR for these groups were respectively 0.54, 1, 1.45, 2.46, 2.54 and 5.15. This analysis using actual LDH values gave a better discrimination as compared to the HR of 2.6 (95% CI 2.1–3.1) for the dichotomized LDH (i.e. normal versus elevated) in multivariate analysis. Interestingly, the 235 patients with very low LDH (<0.75 x ULN) had much better outcomes with a HR of 0.54 as compared with patients with an LDH-ratio between 0.75 and 1. In conclusion, highly elevated LDH levels in aggressive NHL confer a worse prognosis and suggest the application of a modified IPI risk index adding extra risk points for patients with highly elevated LDH levels.

ISSUES OF DEVELOPMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION OF INNOVATIVE BANKING PRODUCTS

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 69-80
Author(s):  
Анатолий Масленников ◽  
Anatoliy Maslennikov ◽  
Надежда Масленникова ◽  
Nadezhda Maslennikova
Keyword(s):  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Commercial Banks ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Great Difficulty ◽  
Banking Services ◽  
Centralized Management ◽  
Decentralized Management ◽  
Bank Employees ◽  
Self Service ◽  
The Individual

Many banks are successfully working in the conditions of growing competition and declining profitability; they are looking for new options to increase the number of their customers, reduce operating costs and improve the efficiency of operations. Medium-sized and large banks, which, as a rule, have numerous and very costly structure, with great difficulty manage to fulfill these requirements. The solution of this problem is possible through the development and introduction of innovative banking products and the provision of modern banking services. Creation of innovative banking products and services –it is the transition from the focusing on the mandatory adherence to applicable regulations, centralized management and the priority of the executive to the orientation on a customer, decentralized management and technology deserted. Creation of innovative banking products and services - is the transition from the orientation to the mandatory adherence to applicable regulations, centralized management and the priority of an executive to orientation on the customer, decentralized management and untended technologies. The main prerequisites for the development of innovative banking products are: individual approach to customers, the development of information and communication technologies, and the active introduction of self-service. Innovative banking products are significantly less time-consuming for the use of bank employees’ work, but functionally more flexible and profitable; the strategy of commercial banks is built based on them. Creation of innovative banking products and services - it is: 1) a definite step in the development of banking technologies, aimed at building a modern strategy of commercial banks; 2) a new organization of interaction with the client in the delivery of banking services. The concept of creation of innovative banking products and services include the following principles: implementation of responsibility decentralization to the level of additional office; development of intra-entrepreneurship; development of customer-oriented organizational structure; decentralization of work leading to the integration of strategic and operational liability; the introduction of material incentives for the individual activity results on a contract basis; development of self-service based on the complex of automated banking devices and information technologies. Implementation of these principles will lead to the direct process of introduction of innovative banking products and services, and focuses the bank employees on meeting customer needs.

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