scholarly journals Enhanced heavy metal removal from an aqueous environment using an eco-friendly and sustainable adsorbent

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wanqi Zhang ◽  
Yuhong An ◽  
Shujing Li ◽  
Zhechen Liu ◽  
Zhangjing Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Adsorption Mechanism ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Heavy Metal Removal ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Aqueous Environment ◽  
Adsorption Parameters ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Sodium Bentonite

Abstract Thiol-lignocellulose sodium bentonite (TLSB) nanocomposites can effectively remove heavy metals from aqueous solutions. TLSB was formed by using –SH group-modified lignocellulose as a raw material, which was intercalated into the interlayers of hierarchical sodium bentonite. Characterization of TLSB was then performed with BET, FTIR, XRD, TGA, PZC, SEM, and TEM analyses. The results indicated that thiol-lignocellulose molecules may have different influences on the physicochemical properties of sodium bentonite, and an intercalated–exfoliated structure was successfully formed. The TLSB nanocomposite was subsequently investigated to validate its adsorption and desorption capacities for the zinc subgroup ions Zn(II), Cd(II) and Hg(II). The optimum adsorption parameters were determined based on the TLSB nanocomposite dosage, concentration of zinc subgroup ions, solution pH, adsorption temperature and adsorption time. The results revealed that the maximum adsorption capacity onto TLSB was 357.29 mg/g for Zn(II), 458.32 mg/g for Cd(II) and 208.12 mg/g for Hg(II). The adsorption kinetics were explained by the pseudo-second-order model, and the adsorption isotherm conformed to the Langmuir model, implying that the dominant chemical adsorption mechanism on TLSB is monolayer coverage. Thermodynamic studies suggested that the adsorption is spontaneous and endothermic. Desorption and regeneration experiments revealed that TLSB could be desorbed with HCl to recover Zn(II) and Cd(II) and with HNO3 to recover Hg(II) after several consecutive adsorption/desorption cycles. The adsorption mechanism was investigated through FTIR, EDX and SEM, which demonstrated that the introduction of thiol groups improved the adsorption capacity. All of these results suggested that TLSB is an eco-friendly and sustainable adsorbent for the extraction of Zn(II), Cd(II) and Hg(II) ions in aqueous media.

scholarly journals Studies on the Removal of Cadmium Toxic Metal Ions by Natural Clays from Aqueous Solution by Adsorption Process

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Rajaa Bassam ◽  
Achraf El hallaoui ◽  
Marouane El Alouani ◽  
Maissara Jabrane ◽  
El Hassan El Khattabi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Heavy Metal Removal ◽  
Toxic Metal ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Natural Clays

The aim of this study is the valorization of the Moroccan clays (QC-MC and QC-MT) from the Middle Atlas region as adsorbents for the treatment of water contaminated by cadmium Cd (II) ions. The physicochemical properties of natural clays are characterized by ICP-MS, XRD, FTIR, and SEM techniques. The adsorption process is investigated as a function of adsorbent mass, solution pH, contact time, temperature, and initial Cd (II) ion concentration. The kinetic investigation shows that the adsorption equilibrium of Cd (II) ions by both natural clays is reached after 30 min for QC-MT and 45 min for QC-MC and fits well to a pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The isotherm study is best fitted by a Freundlich model, with the maximum adsorption capacity determined by the linear form of the Freundlich isotherm being 4.23 mg/g for QC-MC and 5.85 mg/g for QC-MT at 25°C. The cadmium adsorption process was thermodynamically spontaneous and exothermic. The regeneration process showed that these natural clays had excellent recycling capacity. Characterization of the Moroccan natural clays before and after the adsorption process through FTIR, SEM, XRD, and EDX techniques confirmed the Cd (II) ion adsorption on the surfaces of both natural clay adsorbents. Overall, the high adsorption capacity of both natural clays for Cd (II) ions removal compared to other adsorbents motioned in the literature indicated that these two natural adsorbents are excellent candidates for heavy metal removal from aqueous environments.

scholarly journals Biosorption of Cadmium by Fucus spiralis

2004 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel Esteban Sastre de Vicente ◽  
Roberto Herrero ◽  
Pablo Lodeiro ◽  
Bruno Cordero
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Heavy Metal Removal ◽  
Biological Materials ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Adsorption Parameters ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Biosorption Process ◽  
Fucus Spiralis ◽  
Biosorption Kinetics

Environmental Context. Conventional processes for the removal of heavy metals from wastewaters generally involves chemical precipitation of metals (changing the pH) followed by a period to allow the metal precipitates to settle and be separated. These processes are inefficient when the metals are at a low concentration and still demand handling and disposal of toxic metal sludges. An alternative method for heavy metal removal is adsorption onto a biological material, biosorption. The biological materials, including agricultural byproducts, bacteria, fungi, yeast, and algae, all which take up heavy metals in substantial quantities, are relatively inexpensive, widely available, and from renewable sources. However, biological materials are complex and the active mechanisms often unclear. Abstract. Cadmium biosorption properties of nonliving, dried brown marine macroalga Fucus spiralis from Galician coast (northwest Spain) have been investigated. The biosorption capacity of the alga strongly depends on solution pH; the uptake is almost negligible at pH ≤ 2 and reaches a plateau at around pH 4.0. Cadmium biosorption kinetics by F. spiralis is relatively fast, with 90% of total adsorption taking place in less than one hour. A pseudo second order mechanism has been proved to be able to predict the kinetic behaviour of the biosorption process. The effect of initial cadmium ion concentration, alga dose, solution pH, and temperature on the biosorption kinetics has been studied. The Langmuir, Freundlich, Langmuir–Freundlich, and Tóth isotherms were used to fit the experimental data and to find out the adsorption parameters. Acid–base properties of the alga have been studied potentiometrically in order to calculate the number of acidic groups and the apparent pK value by using Katchalsky model. The pK obtained is comparable with typical values associated to the ionization of carboxyl groups of alginates, supporting the implication of these groups in the biosorption process.

Potential of Agricultural Waste Material (Ananas cosmos) as Biosorbent for Heavy Metal Removal in Polluted Water

2020 ◽  
Vol 1010 ◽  
pp. 489-494
Author(s):  
Abdul Hafidz Yusoff ◽  
Rosmawani Mohammad ◽  
Mardawani Mohamad ◽  
Ahmad Ziad Sulaiman ◽  
Nurul Akmar Che Zaudin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Heavy Metal Removal ◽  
Polluted Water ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Pineapple Peel

Conventional methods to remove heavy metals from polluted water are expensive and not environmentally friendly. Therefore, this study was carried out to investigate the potential of agricultural waste such as pineapple peel (Ananas Cosmos) as low-cost absorbent to remove heavy metals from synthetic polluted water. The results showed that Cd, Cr and Pb were effectively removed by the biosorbent at 12g of pineapple peels in 100 mL solution. The optimum contact time for maximum adsorption was found to be 90 minutes, while the optimum pH for the heavy metal’s adsorption was 9. It was demonstrated that with the increase of adsorbent dosage, the percent of heavy metals removal was also increased due to the increasing adsorption capacity of the adsorbent. In addition, Langmuir model show maximum adsorption capacity of Cd is 1.91 mg/g. As conclusions, our findings show that pineapple peel has potential to remove heavy metal from polluted water.

Adsorption Characteristic of U(VI) on Fe-Immobilized Bentonite

2013 ◽  
Vol 639-640 ◽  
pp. 1300-1306
Author(s):  
Zhen Ping Tang ◽  
Hui Ling ◽  
Shui Bo Xie ◽  
S.Y. Li ◽  
J.S. Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Adsorption Mechanism ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Adsorption Characteristic ◽  
Order Kinetic Equation

Fe-immobilized bentonite, prepared with bentonite and FeCl3 was used for the adsorption of uranium(VI) in this study, solution pH, ion strength, contact time and temperature were investigated, structural characterization of Fe-immobilized bentonite was assayed by X-ray Diffraction and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy. Results indicated that the adsorption capacity were strongly affected by the solution pH and ion strength, the adsorption efficiency was 91.8% when pH value was 6 and ion strength was 0.01 mol•L-1, higher or lower pH did not favor the U(VI) adsorption. The adsorption mechanism was discussed by the views of reactive kinetics and thermodynamics along with Scanning Electron Microscope. The adsorption kinetics process was fitted well with the second-order kinetic equation, when the initial U(VI) concentration was less than 38.08mg/L, Langmuir equations could describe the adsorption isotherm of U(VI) well with the maximum adsorption capacity of 169.5mg/g at 303K

scholarly journals Carboxymethyl Glucomannan from Amorphophallus oncophyllus as an Alternative Heavy Metal Removal from Wastewater: Adsorption of Cadmium and Zinc

Molekul ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 57
Author(s):  
Hikmat Hikmat ◽  
Renta Resdiana ◽  
Aprilia Nur Tasfiyati
Keyword(s):  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Heavy Metal Removal ◽  
High Viscosity ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Efficient Removal ◽  
Low Viscosity ◽  
Back Titration ◽  
Optimum Ph ◽  
Isotherm Adsorption

Carboxymethyl glucomannan (CMGM) was successfully synthesized through the reaction of glucomannan from Amorphophallus oncophyllus and monochloroacetic acid, using NaOH as a catalyst. Two types of glucomannan were used in this study, low viscosity glucomannan (LGM) and high viscosity glucomannan (HGM). The produced CMGM were differentiated into LCMGM (synthesized from LGM) and HCMGM (synthesized from HGM). The CMGM structure was characterized by FTIR, and the degree of substitution (DS) was determined using back titration method. The DS value were 0.484 and 0.412 for LCMGM and HCMGM, respectively. Both CMGMs were then evaluated for its adsorption capacity towards Zn and Cd at the optimum pH of 6, with 60 minutes adsorption time for each sample. The maximum adsorption capacity of Zn was 13.61 mg/g and 13.04 mg/g for LCMGM and HCMGM, respectively. While for Cd, the maximum adsorption capacity of LCMGM and HCMGM was 17.70 mg/g and 15.90 mg/g. The adsorption capacity of the sample follows the Langmuir isotherm adsorption. In conclusion, CMGM from A. oncophyllus has demonstrated its potential as a reusable adsorbent for efficient removal of Cd and Zn.

scholarly journals Process Optimization and Adsorptive Mechanism for Reactive Blue 19 Dye by Magnetic Crosslinked Chitosan/MgO/Fe3O4 Biocomposite

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali H. Jawad ◽  
Rangabhashiyam S ◽  
Ahmed Saud Abdulhameed ◽  
Syed Shatir A. Syed-Hassan ◽  
Zeid A. ALOthman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Textile Dye ◽  
Adsorption Parameters ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Equilibrium Study ◽  
Reactive Blue 19 ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Adsorptive Mechanism

Abstract A new biocomposite magnetic crosslinked glutaraldehyde-chitosan/MgO/Fe3O4 (CTS-GL/MgO/Fe3O4) adsorbent was prepared and applied for the removal of reactive blue 19 (RB 19) synthetic textile dye. The prepared CTS-GL/MgO/Fe3O4 was subjected to the several instrumental characterizations such as XRD, FTIR, SEM-EDX, pH-potentiometric titration, and pHpzc analyses. The influence of the input adsorption parameters such as A: CTS-GL/MgO/Fe3O4 dosage, B: initial solution pH, C: process temperature, and D: contact time on RB 19 removal efficiency was statistically optimized using Box-Behnken design (BBD). The analysis of variance (ANOVA) indicates the presence of five significant statistical interactions between input adsorption parameters i.e. (AB, AC, AD, BC, and BD). The adsorption kinetic and equilibrium study reveals a good to the pseudo-second-order model, and multilayer adsorption as proven by Freundlich isotherm model, respectively. The maximum adsorption capacity of CTS-GL/MgO/Fe3O4 towards RB19 was found to be 193.2 mg/g at 45 ºC. This work highlights the development of feasible and recoverable magnetic biocompsite adsorbent with desirable adsorption capacity towards textile dyes with good separation ability by using an external magnetic field.

scholarly journals Effect of Aluminium Powder on Kaolin-Based Geopolymer Characteristic and Removal of Cu2+

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 814
Author(s):  
Nurliyana Ariffin ◽  
Mohd Mustafa Al Bakri Abdullah ◽  
Przemysław Postawa ◽  
Shayfull Zamree Abd Rahim ◽  
Mohd Remy Rozainy Mohd Arif Zainol ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Heavy Metal Removal ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Aluminium Powder ◽  
Removal Capacity ◽  
Properties And Characterization ◽  
Powder Content

This current work focuses on the synthesis of geopolymer-based adsorbent which uses kaolin as a source material, mixed with alkali solution consisting of 10 M NaOH and Na2SiO3 as well as aluminium powder as a foaming agent. The experimental range for the aluminium powder was between 0.6, 0.8, 1.0 and 1.2wt%. The structure, properties and characterization of the geopolymer were examined using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Adsorption capacity and porosity were analysed based on various percentages of aluminium powder added. The results indicate that the use of aluminium powder exhibited a better pore size distribution and higher porosity, suggesting a better heavy metal removal. The maximum adsorption capacity of Cu2+ approached approximately 98%. The findings indicate that 0.8% aluminium powder was the optimal aluminium powder content for geopolymer adsorbent. The removal efficiency was affected by pH, adsorbent dosage and contact time. The optimum removal capacity of Cu2+ was obtained at pH 6 with 1.5 g geopolymer adsorbent and 4 h contact time. Therefore, it can be concluded that the increase in porosity increases the adsorption of Cu2+.

scholarly journals Synthesis, characterization and heavy metal removal efficiency of nickel ferrite nanoparticles (NFN’s)

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Waheed Ali Khoso ◽  
Noor Haleem ◽  
Muhammad Anwar Baig ◽  
Yousuf Jamal
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Nickel Ferrite ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Heavy Metal Removal ◽  
Ferrite Nanoparticles ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
Aqueous Environment ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Nickel Ferrite Nanoparticles

AbstractThe heavy metals, such as Cr(VI), Pb(II) and Cd(II), in aqueous solutions are toxic even at trace levels and have caused adverse health impacts on human beings. Hence the removal of these heavy metals from the aqueous environment is important to protect biodiversity, hydrosphere ecosystems, and human beings. In this study, magnetic Nickel-Ferrite Nanoparticles (NFNs) were synthesized by co-precipitation method and characterized using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) and Field Emission Scanning Electronic Microscopy (FE-SEM) techniques in order to confirm the crystalline structure, composition and morphology of the NFN’s, these were then used as adsorbent for the removal of Cr(VI), Pb(II) and Cd(II) from wastewater. The adsorption parameters under study were pH, dose and contact time. The values for optimum removal through batch-adsorption were investigated at different parameters (pH 3–7, dose: 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 mg and contact time: 30, 60, 90, and 120 min). Removal efficiencies of Cr(VI), Pb(II) and Cd(II) were obtained 89%, 79% and 87% respectively under optimal conditions. It was found that the kinetics followed the pseudo second order model for the removal of heavy metals using Nickel ferrite nanoparticles.

scholarly journals Adsorptive and Coagulative Removal of Trace Metals from Water Using Surface Modified Sawdust-Based Cellulose Nanocrystals

J ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-205
Author(s):  
Opeyemi A. Oyewo ◽  
Sam Ramaila ◽  
Lydia Mavuru ◽  
Taile Leswifi ◽  
Maurice S. Onyango
Keyword(s):  
Trace Metals ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Cellulose Nanocrystals ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Electrostatic Interactions ◽  
Natural Waters ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Major Drawback ◽  
Surface Modified

The presence of toxic metals in surface and natural waters, even at trace levels, poses a great danger to humans and the ecosystem. Although the combination of adsorption and coagulation techniques has the potential to eradicate this problem, the use of inappropriate media remains a major drawback. This study reports on the application of NaNO2/NaHCO3 modified sawdust-based cellulose nanocrystals (MCNC) as both coagulant and adsorbent for the removal of Cu, Fe and Pb from aqueous solution. The surface modified coagulants, prepared by electrostatic interactions, were characterized using Fourier transform infrared, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy/energy-dispersive spectrometry (SEM/EDS). The amount of coagulated/adsorbed trace metals was then analysed using inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES). SEM analysis revealed the patchy and distributed floccules on Fe-flocs, which was an indication of multiple mechanisms responsible for Fe removal onto MCNC. A shift in the peak position attributed to C2H192N64O16 from 2θ = 30 to 24.5° occurred in the XRD pattern of both Pb- and Cu-flocs. Different process variables, including initial metal ions concentration (10–200 mg/L), solution pH (2–10), and temperature (25–45 °C) were studied in order to investigate how they affect the reaction process. Both Cu and Pb adsorption followed the Langmuir isotherm with a maximum adsorption capacity of 111.1 and 2.82 mg/g, respectively, whereas the adsorption of Fe was suggestive of a multilayer adsorption process; however, Fe Langmuir maximum adsorption capacity was found to be 81.96 mg/g. The sequence of trace metals removal followed the order: Cu > Fe > Pb. The utilization of this product in different water matrices is an effective way to establish their robustness.

scholarly journals Removal of Chromium(III) and Cadmium(II) Heavy Metal Ions from Aqueous Solutions Using Treated Date Seeds: An Eco-Friendly Method

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (12) ◽  
pp. 3718
Author(s):  
Mohammad Azam ◽  
Saikh Mohammad Wabaidur ◽  
Mohammad Rizwan Khan ◽  
Saud I. Al-Resayes ◽  
Mohammad Shahidul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Metal Ions ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Surface Analysis Techniques ◽  
Adsorption Processes ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Metal Elution ◽  
Date Pits

The aim of the research was to prepare low-cost adsorbents, including raw date pits and chemically treated date pits, and to apply these materials to investigate the adsorption behavior of Cr(III) and Cd(II) ions from wastewater. The prepared materials were characterized using SEM, FT-IR and BET surface analysis techniques for investigating the surface morphology, particle size, pore size and surface functionalities of the materials. A series of adsorption processes was conducted in a batch system and optimized by investigating various parameters such as solution pH, contact time, initial metal concentrations and adsorbent dosage. The optimum pH for achieving maximum adsorption capacity was found to be approximately 7.8. The determination of metal ions was conducted using atomic adsorption spectrometry. The experimental results were fitted using isotherm Langmuir and Freundlich equations, and maximum monolayer adsorption capacities for Cr(III) and Cd(II) at 323 K were 1428.5 and 1302.0 mg/g (treated majdool date pits adsorbent) and 1228.5 and 1182.0 mg/g (treated sagai date pits adsorbent), respectively. It was found that the adsorption capacity of H2O2-treated date pits was higher than that of untreated DP. Recovery studies showed maximal metal elution with 0.1 M HCl for all the adsorbents. An 83.3–88.2% and 81.8–86.8% drop in Cr(III) and Cd(II) adsorption, respectively, were found after the five regeneration cycles. The results showed that the Langmuir model gave slightly better results than the Freundlich model for the untreated and treated date pits. Hence, the results demonstrated that the prepared materials could be a low-cost and eco-friendly choice for the remediation of Cr(III) and Cd(II) contaminants from an aqueous solution.

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