scholarly journals Experimental study of superheating of tin powders

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Han Gil Na ◽  
Youngmin Byoun ◽  
Suyoung Park ◽  
Myung Sik Choi ◽  
Changhyun Jin
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Heating Rate ◽  
Entropy Change ◽  
Hysteresis Curve ◽  
Melting Points ◽  
Change Rate ◽  
Temperature Change Rate ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Scientific Engineering

Abstract An unstable energy-unbalanced state such as superheating or supercooling is often unexpectedly observed because a factor of energy depends not only on the temperature but is a product of temperature (T) and entropy (S). Thus, at the same temperature, if the entropy is different, the total energy of the system can be different. In such cases, the temperature-change-rate cannot match the entropy-change-rate, which results in a hysteresis curve for the temperature/entropy relationship. Due to the difference between the temperature- and entropy-change-rates, properties of a material, such as the boiling and freezing points, can be extended from point to area. This study confirmed that depending on the heating rate, tin powders exhibit different melting points. Given the contemporary reinterpretation of many energy-non-equilibrium phenomena that have only been discussed on the basis of temperature, this study is expected to contribute to the actual expansion of scientific/engineering applications.

Transient Thermal Stress and Temperature Change Rate Analysis of Fixed Tubesheet

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhijian Wang ◽  
Qianyu Shi ◽  
Qi Li ◽  
Liping Wan ◽  
Hui Tang
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stress ◽  
Stress Analysis ◽  
Temperature Change ◽  
Heat Exchangers ◽  
Change Rate ◽  
Rate Analysis ◽  
Temperature Change Rate ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Transient Thermal ◽  
Ansys Workbench

Some fixed tubesheet heat exchangers suffer amount of system startup and shutdown causing large thermal stress for tubesheets. It will make an impact on the fatigue damage of the equipment. Transient thermal and stress analysis were carried out in many papers, but the geometry models were simplified, the non-expanded part of the tube and tubesheet were not modeled in detail at the end of tube. In fact, there is a tiny gap enclosed by tube, tubesheet and weld. So in this paper, a simplified model and an accurate model are established, the transient thermal and stress analysis were performed in ANSYS Workbench. The difference between two models was compared and the influence of temperature change rate on thermal stress was discussed.

Experimental Study of Bending Toughness on Hybrid Fiber Reinforced Concrete

2013 ◽  
Vol 327 ◽  
pp. 201-204
Author(s):  
Jin Song Shi ◽  
Bo Yuan ◽  
Da Zhang Wang ◽  
Zhe An Lu
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Bending Test ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Hybrid Fiber ◽  
Toughness Index ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Loading Methods ◽  
Index Value

In order to investigate the difference of current toughness index standards for fiber reinforced concrete, two main groups of specimens were made to take bending toughness test with the requirements of corresponded standards, loading methods and loading speeds, which are ASTM C1018 in America, ACI 544 and JSCE G552 in Japan. United with software Origin, the load-deflection curves gathered from bending test was calculated with relative standards. The results show that the calculated toughness index value with ASTM C1018-98 in America is more accurate with three grades but the requested deflection of testing is much longer than others while ACI 544 and JSCE G552 in Japan are quite the contrary.

scholarly journals GIS-Based Energy Consumption and Spatial Variation of Protected Grape Cultivation in China

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 3248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong Tian ◽  
Min Zhang ◽  
Xuejian Wei ◽  
Jing Wang ◽  
Weisong Mu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Energy Input ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Total Energy Consumption ◽  
Renewable Energy Consumption ◽  
Input Structure ◽  
The Difference

This paper compares the difference in energy consumption in different sub-patterns and features of energy consumption structures used in protected grape production systems using statistical data. Then, spatial characteristics between different production modes based on geographic information systems are also analyzed. The results reveal that the types of energy consumption include steel, iron wire, water, chemical fertilizer, pesticides, electric power, organic fertilizer, plastic films, and labor. The total energy consumption for protected grape production was 210,534.3 MJ ha−1 in 2011, 211,504.6 MJ ha−1 in 2012, and 222,571.8 MJ ha−1 in 2013. From the perspective of cultivation modes, early ripening production and late ripening production consumed more energy than rain-shelter production; in terms of facility types, the total energy input of both vinyl tunnels and solar greenhouses were always higher than rain-shelter greenhouses. Indirect and non-renewable energy consumption were higher than that of direct and renewable energy, which accounted for 90% of energy consumption. Spatial analysis showed that the values of Moran’s I were all positive for the three years, which means protected grape input had a positive spatial autocorrelation. Therefore, we should adjust the energy input structure and choose more sustainable production modes to improve the sustainability of the production of protected grapes.

scholarly journals Achievements in Micromagnetic Techniques of Steel Plastic Stage Evaluation

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. F. de Campos
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Plastic Deformation ◽  
Elastic Deformation ◽  
Magnetic Measurements ◽  
Soft Magnetic Materials ◽  
Hysteresis Curve ◽  
Hole Drilling ◽  
Hole Drilling Method ◽  
Drilling Method ◽  
The Difference

AbstractThe investigation of plastic deformation and residual stress by non-destructive methods is a subject of large relevance for the industry. In this article, the difference between plastic and elastic deformation is discussed, as well as their effects on magnetic measurements, as hysteresis curve and Magnetic Barkhausen Noise. The residual stress data can be obtained with magnetic measurements and also by the hole drilling method and x-ray diffraction measurements. The residual stress level obtained by these three different methods is different, because these three techniques evaluate the sample in different depths. Effects of crystallographic texture on residual stress are also discussed. The magnetoelastic term should be included in micromagnetic methods for residual stress evaluation. It is discussed how the micromagnetic energy Hamiltonian should be expressed in order to evaluate elastic deformation. Plastic deformation can be accounted in micromagnetic models as a term that increases the coercive field in soft magnetic materials as the steels are.

scholarly journals Strength Comparison of FDM 3D Printed PLA Made by Different Manufacturers

TEM Journal ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 966-970
Author(s):  
Damir Hodžić ◽  
Adi Pandžić ◽  
Ismar Hajro ◽  
Petar Tasić
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Fused Deposition Modelling ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Manufacturing Technique ◽  
Plastic Materials ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Printing Parameters

Widely used additive manufacturing technique for plastic materials is Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM). The FDM technology has gained interest in industry for a wide range of applications, especially today when large number of different materials on the market are available. There are many different manufacturers for the same FDM material where the difference in price goes up to 50%. This experimental study investigates possible difference in strength of the 3D printed PLA material of five different manufacturers. All specimens are 3D printed on Ultimaker S5 printer with the same printing parameters, and they are all the same colour.

scholarly journals Perbedaan Indeks Plak setelah Pengolesan Ekstrak Daging Buah Naga Merah (Hylocereus costaricensis) dan Larutan Pengungkap

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Hillary Inggrid Prananta ◽  
Purwanto Purwanto ◽  
Elyda Akhya Afida Misrohmasari ◽  
Niken Probosari ◽  
Surartono Dwiatmoko
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Hydrogen Bonds ◽  
Dental Plaque ◽  
Plaque Index ◽  
Group Comparison ◽  
Fruit Flesh ◽  
Dragon Fruit ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Static Group

Red dragon fruit flesh extract contains of anthocyanin as red pigmen that potentially to be a natural dye. Athocyanin contains of polysaccharide that can binding with polysaccharide of dental plaque called hydrogen bonds, so dental plaque has been colored and potentially as alternative of disclosing solution. The purpose of this study was to find out the difference of plaque index after smeared by red dragon fruit flesh extract 75% and disclosing solution. The method of this study is a clinical experimental study with a static-group comparison design. 20 subjects were examined the plaque index after smeared with red dragon fruit flesh extract 75%) and disclosing solution). There was no significant difference between groups. Conclusions: Red dragon fruit flesh extract 75% had similar capability with disclosing solution to examine dental plaque.

scholarly journals استراتيجية تعليم المفردات بالغناء في البرنامج المكشف لتعليم اللغة العربية بجامعة مولانا مالك إبراهيم الإسلامية الحكومية مالانج

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
ABDUL BASID
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Teaching Strategy ◽  
T Test ◽  
Learner Participation ◽  
Instructional Activities ◽  
Class B ◽  
Research Problems ◽  
The Difference

Abstrak Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui strategi pengajaran kosakata dengan menggunakan (strategi bernyanyi). Rumusan masalah penelitian ini adalah (1) bagaimana proses strategi pengajaran kosakata bahasa Arab dengan menggunakan strategi bernyanyi, (2) bagaimana efektivitas penggunanan strategi pengajaran kosakata bahasa Arab dengan menggunakan strategi bernyanyi. Desain Penelitian yang digunakan adalah studi eksperimental.  Populasi dalam peneltian ini adalah seluruh mahasiswa progam Studi PBA di UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim, adapun sampel yang diambil dari populasi tersebut adalah mahasiswa Program Studi PBA kelas B-4 UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa (1) proses strategi pengajaran kosakata bahasa Arab dengan strategi bernyanyi yaitu aktivitas pra instruksional, petunjuk isi dan pembelajaran. Partisipasi peserta didik, penilaian, aktifitas timbal balik (2) efektifitas strategi pengajaran bahasa Arab dengan menggunakan strtegi bernyanyi menunjukkan nilai t-test lebih kecil daripadda t-tabel 0,243< 2, 0639, nilai t-test 0,243 itu berada diantara nilai interval konfidensi perbedaan, yaitu nilai tertinggi 1,901 dan nilai terendah 1,501 serta nilai signifikansi 0,810 yang mania lebih kecil dari t-table yaitu 2,0639     Abstract             This reserach elaborates on the teaching strategy of Arabic vocabulary by using the song. The research problems are: (1) what is the process of the teaching strategy of Arabic vocabulary by using the song; and (2) what is the effectiveness of the teaching strategy of Arabic vocabulary by using the song. The design of this study is experimental study. The population of this research is all students in PPBA UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang and the sample of this research is all students in class B-4 PPBA UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang. The result of this study is: (1) the process of the teaching strategy of Arabic vocabulary by using the song consist of several stages. They are pre instructional activities, content and learning guidance, learner participation, assessment, and follow-through activities; (2) the effectiveness of the teaching strategy of Arabic vocabulary by using the song is the value of t-test is smaller than t-table 0,243 < 2,0639, the value t-test 0,243 is between the value of confidence interval of the difference, upper 1,901 and lower -1,501, and signified value is 0,810 < t-table is 2,0639.     ملخص ويوضح هذا البحث التركيز في استراتيجية التدريس للمفردات العربية باستخدام الأغنية. وأما مشكلة البحث فهي: أولا، ما هي عملية إستراتيجية التدريس للمفردات العربية باستخدام الأغنية؛ وثانيا؛ ما هي فعالية استراتيجية التدريس للمفردات العربية باستخدام الأغنية. ويكون تصميم هذه الدراسة من نوع الدراسة التجريبية. أما مجتمع البحث لهذا البحث هو جميع الطلاب في قسم تعليم اللغة العربية بجامعة مولانا مالك إبراهيم الإسامية الحكمومية مالانج، والعينة من هذا البحث هو جميع الطلاب في الصف B-4 قسم تعليم اللغة العربية بجامعة مولانا مالك إبراهيم مالانج. والنتائج من هذه الدراسة هي: (1) عملية إستراتيجية التدريس للمفردات العربية باستخدام الأغنية تتكون من عدة مراحل. وهي أنشطة تعليمية سابقة، ومحتوى وإرشادات تعليمية، ومشاركة للمتعلم، وتقييم، وأنشطة متابعة. (2) أما فاعلية إستراتيجية التدريس للمفردات العربية باستخدام الأغنية هي قيمة اختبار t أصغر من t-تابل 0،243 <2،0639، قيمة t-تيست 0،243 بين قيمة فاصل الثقة في الفرق، العلوي 1،901 وأقل -1،501، وقيمة معترف بها هو 0،810 <t- الجدول هو 2،0639.  

scholarly journals Pengaruh Subtitusi Tepung Daun Kumis Kucing (Orthosiphon Stamineus B.) Terhadap Mutu Gizi Sus Kering Sebagai Makanan Selingan Pasien Kemoterapi

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 158
Author(s):  
Nur Amaliah Ahmad ◽  
Laksmi Karunia Tanuwijaya ◽  
Rahma Micho Widyanto
Keyword(s):  
Total Energy ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Orthosiphon Stamineus ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Chemotherapy Patients ◽  
The Comparative Study ◽  
One Way Anova ◽  
Serving Size

<div class="Section1"><p><em>Abstrak –</em><strong>Kemoterapi merupakan terapi pengobatan kanker dengan menggunakan obat-obatan sitostatika untuk menghancurkan sel kanker atau menghambat perkembangan sel kanker.Efek samping dari pengobatan kemoterapi berupa anoreksia, mual dan muntah, sehingga dapat mempengaruhi asupan makan pasien dan menyebabkan pasien mengalami malnutrisi. Sus Kering merupakan makanan yang dibuat untuk pasien kemoterapi dengan ukuran kecil namun memiliki kandungan gizi yang tinggi.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan kandungan zat gizi makrodan energi total pada sus kering substitusi tepung daun kumis kucing pada keempat formulasi terbaik dengan komposisi tepung terigu: tepung daun kumis kucing masing-masing (P0) 100:0 ; (P1) 90:10, (P2) 85:15, (P3) 80:20. Desain penelitian <em>true experimental</em> dengan menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dengan menggunakan variabel kontrol dan tiga perlakuan. Ulangan dilakukan sebanyak 3 kali sehingga total sampel sebanyak 12. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata kadar zat gizi dan energi total pada sus kering substitusi tepung daun kumis kucing secara berturut-turut sebagai berikut, karbohidrat 10,30 gram, protein 3,71 gram, lemak 10,18 gram dan energi 146,21 kkal per satu takaran saji atau 25 gram. Hasil analisis statistik uji beda One Way Anova dan Kruskal Wallis menunjukkan tidak ada perbedaan signifikan pada karbohidrat, protein, lemak dan energi (p&gt;0,05). Dapat disimpulkan bahwa tepung daun kumis kucing tidak mempengaruhi kandungan zat gizi makro dan energi total pada sus kering substitusi tepung daun kumis kucing sebagai makanan selingan pasien kemoterapi.</strong></p><p><em>Abstract - </em><strong>Chemotherapy is a cancer treatment therapy by using cytotoxic medicines to eliminate cancer cells or inhibit the growth of cancer cells. Side effects of chemotherapy medication are anorexia, nausea, and vomit that impact the absorption of nutrition and malnutrition to the patients. Choux paste is a food specially designed for chemotherapy patients in small size but have high nutrition. This study aims to investigate the difference of macronutrients content and total energy of chou pastry with Java Tea (</strong><em><strong>Orthosiphon stamineus</strong></em><strong>) based flour with four best formulation that has a composition of wheat flour: Java Tea based flour with the ratio of each (P0) 100:0 (P1) 90:10 (P2) 85:15 (P3) 80:20. This study conducted with a true experimental design that used a completely randomized design method with control variables and three treatments. Repetition is performed three times for 12 total samples. Results are shown that mean of macronutrients level and total energy of chou pastry with Java Tea based flour are as follows, carbohydrate 10,30 grams, protein 3,71 grams, fat 10,18 grams, and energy 146,21 kcal for one serving size or 25 gram. The comparative study of One Way Anova and Kruskal Wallis showed that there are no significant differences in carbohydrate, protein, fat, and energy (p&gt; 0.05). It can be concluded that Java Tea whiskers based flour does not affect macronutrient content and total energy of choux pastry with Java Tea based flour as a snack for a chemotherapy patient.</strong></p><p><strong><em>Keywords </em></strong><em>–</em><em>Tepung daun kumis kucing, Kadar karbohidrat, Protein, Lemak, Energi, Sus kering, Kemoterapi</em></p></div><em><br clear="all" /></em>

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