scholarly journals Anthracene induces oxidative stress and activation of antioxidant and detoxification enzymes in Ulva lactuca (Chlorophyta)

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto González ◽  
Constanza Vidal ◽  
Daniela Espinoza ◽  
Alejandra Moenne
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Membrane Damage ◽  
Ulva Lactuca ◽  
Detoxification Enzymes ◽  
Maximal Level ◽  
Minimal Level ◽  
Metabolizing Enzymes ◽  
Polyphenol Oxidases

AbstractIn order to analyze whether the marine macroalga Ulva lactuca can absorb and metabolize anthracene (ANT), the alga was cultivated with 5 µM ANT for 0–72 h, and the level of ANT was detected in the culture medium, and in the alga. The level of ANT rapidly decreased in the culture medium reaching a minimal level at 6 h, and rapidly increased in the alga reaching a maximal level at 12 h and then decreased to reach a minimal level at 48 h of culture. In addition, ANT induced an increase in hydrogen peroxide that remained until 72 h and a higher increase in superoxide anions that reach a maximal level at 24 h and remained unchanged until 72 h, indicating that ANT induced an oxidative stress condition. ANT induced an increase in lipoperoxides that reached a maximal level at 24 h and decreased at 48 h indicating that oxidative stress caused membrane damage. The activity of antioxidant enzymes SOD, CAT, AP, GR and GP increased in the alga treated with ANT whereas DHAR remained unchanged. The level of transcripts encoding these antioxidant enzymes increased and those encoding DHAR did not change. Inhibitors of monooxygenases, dioxygenases, polyphenol oxidases, glutathione-S-transferases and sulfotransferases induced an increase in the level of ANT in the alga cultivated for 24 h. These results strongly suggest that ANT is rapidly absorbed and metabolized in U. lactuca and the latter involves Phase I and II metabolizing enzymes.

scholarly journals Age-Related Changes in Hepatic Activity and Expression of Detoxification Enzymes in Male Rats

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erika Vyskočilová ◽  
Barbora Szotáková ◽  
Lenka Skálová ◽  
Hana Bártíková ◽  
Jitka Hlaváčová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Detoxification Enzymes ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Cellular Functions ◽  
Metabolizing Enzymes ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Old Rats ◽  
Specific Activities

Process of aging is accompanied by changes in the biotransformation of xenobiotics and impairment of normal cellular functions by free radicals. Therefore, this study was designed to determine age-related differences in the activities and/or expressions of selected drug-metabolizing and antioxidant enzymes in young and old rats. Specific activities of 8 drug-metabolizing enzymes and 4 antioxidant enzymes were assessed in hepatic subcellular fractions of 6-week-old and 21-month-old male Wistar rats. Protein expressions of carbonyl reductase 1 (CBR1) and glutathioneS-transferase (GST) were determined using immunoblotting. Remarkable age-related decrease in specific activities of CYP2B, CYP3A, and UDP-glucuronosyl transferase was observed, whereas no changes in activities of CYP1A2, flavine monooxygenase, aldo-keto reductase 1C, and antioxidant enzymes with advancing age were found. On the other hand, specific activity of CBR1 and GST was 2.4 folds and 5.6 folds higher in the senescent rats compared with the young ones, respectively. Interindividual variability in CBR1 activity increased significantly with rising age. We suppose that elevated activities of GST and CBR1 may protect senescent rats against xenobiotic as well as eobiotic electrophiles and reactive carbonyls, but they may alter metabolism of drugs, which are CBR1 and especially GSTs substrates.

scholarly journals Exogenous Melatonin Mitigates Methyl Viologen-Triggered Oxidative Stress in Poplar Leaf

Molecules ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (11) ◽  
pp. 2852 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fei Ding ◽  
Gang Wang ◽  
Shuoxin Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Methyl Viologen ◽  
Membrane Damage ◽  
Enzymatic Antioxidants ◽  
Exogenous Melatonin ◽  
Leaf Discs ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Ameliorative Effect ◽  
Poplar Leaf

As a ubiquitous molecule, melatonin plays a crucial role in tolerance to multiple stresses in plants. In the present work, we report the role of exogenous melatonin in relieving oxidative stress induced by methyl viologen (MV) in poplar (Populus alba × Populus glandulosa) leaf. Leaf discs pretreated with melatonin exhibited increased tolerance to MV-mediated oxidative stress. It was observed that melatonin pretreatment effectively reduced membrane damage and lipid oxidation as demonstrated by decreased relative electrolyte leakage and malonaldehyde content in poplar leaf discs. Exogenous melatonin also stimulated activities of antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and enhanced accumulation of non-enzymatic antioxidants of AsA and GSH in leaf discs exposed to MV. In addition, pretreatment of melatonin prompted expression of genes for those antioxidant enzymes. Notably, exogenous melatonin increased expression of P5CS, a key gene for proline biosynthesis, under MV treatment. It was further observed that pretreatment with melatonin boosted activity of P5CS as well as accumulation of proline in leaf discs under MV-mediated oxidative stress. Collectively, this work provides evidence for the ameliorative effect of melatonin on MV-induced oxidative stress in poplar leaf.

scholarly journals PSIV-B-41 Late-Breaking: The effect of TP, ALC and NAC cocktail on the oxidation-reduction system of mouse early embryo during in vitro culture

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 330-330
Author(s):  
Jing Zhou ◽  
An Gang lou ◽  
Ali Ihsan ◽  
Zhong Shu Li ◽  
Nan-zhu fang
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Reaction System ◽  
Reduction Reaction ◽  
Early Mouse Embryo ◽  
Oxidation Reduction ◽  
Oxidation Reduction Reaction ◽  
Early Mouse

Abstract During in vitro culture, the growth environment of embryos cannot be completely simulated as an in vivo, because the embryos are exposed to oxidative stress (OS) for a long time. However, the supplementation of antioxidants to the culture medium is undoubtedly the most effective method to reduce OS. Previous Studies have shown that TP, ALC and NAC alone have antioxidant effects on OS embryos during different stages of the oxidation-reduction reaction system respectively. Therefore in the current study we used TP, ALC and NAC in combination to improve the quality of early mice embryo and its effects on the embryo endogenous oxidation-reduction reaction system, to minimize the obstacles in the process of in vitro embryo during oxidative stress. The expression of endogenous genes in embryos was detected by RT-PCR, and the ROS and GSH levels in embryos were determined by DCHFDA and CMF2HC staining respectively. The combine supplementation of TP, ALC and NAC significantly up-regulate the expression of oxidase genes (NOX1, NOX2, NOX4, Duox1 and Duox2) in embryo, and effectively promote the expression of antioxidant enzymes genes (SOD1,SOD2,CAT, GPx1,GPx2 and GPx4) in the embryo. In addition, the supplementation of TP, ALC and NAC also up-regulated the expression of Nrf2 gene in embryo (P ﹤ 0.01）as compare to other groups. Moreover the addition of TP, ALC and NAC to embryo culture medium significantly decreased the ROS level (P ﹤ 0.01）and increased the GSH level (P ﹤ 0.01）as compare to control and other treated groups. In conclusion the present study shows that the supplementation of TP, ALC and NAC cocktail can promote the early mouse embryo development, effectively upregulate GSH and down-regulate the ROS level in early mouse embryo during IVC. Moreover it up-regulate the expression of oxidase and antioxidant enzymes and Nrf2 genes.

scholarly journals Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Enzymes in Pre-eclampsia

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-7
Author(s):  
Zakia Arshad ◽  
Nasreen Noor ◽  
Shazia Parveen ◽  
Shagufta Moin ◽  
Naheed Banu
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation Product ◽  
Metabolizing Enzymes ◽  
Peroxidation Product ◽  
Group B ◽  
Circulating Levels

ABSTRACT Objective To estimate the levels of lipid peroxidation product and free radical metabolizing enzymes in normotensive pregnant women and women with pre-eclampsia. Materials and methods The study has been conducted on 50 women between the age group of 20 and 35 years. The women were divided into two groups, i.e. group A — normotensive pregnant women between 20 and 36 weeks of gestation and group B — Pregnant women with pre-eclampsia between 20 and 36 weeks of gestation. Lipid peroxidation product malondialdehyde (MDA) and antioxidant enzymes SOD, GSH and GST were estimated. Results Mean circulating levels of MDA were higher in women with pre-eclampsia as compared to normotensive pregnant women and mean circulating levels of free radical metabolizing enzymes SOD, GSH and GST were decreased in women with pre-eclampsia. Conclusion Pre-eclampsia is a state of pregnancy in which there is increased oxidative stress an depicted by increased level of free radical MDA and decreased levels of antioxidant enzyme to counter act that oxidative stress. How to cite this article Parveen S, Noor N, Moin S, Arshad Z, Banu N. Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Enzymes in Preeclampsia. J South Asian Feder Obst Gynae 2014;6(1):5-7.

Assessment of Superoxide Dismutase and Catalase Evolution in Different Stages of an Experimental Endometriosis

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (6) ◽  
pp. 1381-1383
Author(s):  
Allia Sindilar ◽  
Carmen Lacramioara Zamfir ◽  
Eusebiu Viorel Sindilar ◽  
Alin Constantin Pinzariu ◽  
Eduard Crauciuc ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Efficient Treatment ◽  
Endometrial Cells ◽  
Gynecological Disorder ◽  
The Impact

Endometriosis is described as a gynecological disorder characterized by the presence of endometrial tissue outside the uterus; extensively explored because of its increasing incidency, with an indubitable diagnostic only after invasive surgery, with no efficient treatment, it has still many aspects to be elucidated. A growing body of facts sustain oxidative stress as a crucial factor between the numerous incriminated factors implicated in endometriosis ethiopathogeny. Reactive oxygen species(ROS) act to decline reproductive function. Our study intends to determine if an experimental model of endometriosis may be useful to assess the impact of oxidative stress on endometrial cells; we have used a murine model of 18 adult Wistar female rats. A fragment from their left uterine horn was implanted in the abdominal wall. After 4 weeks, a laparatomy was performed, 5 endometrial implants were removed, followed by biochemical tissue assay of superoxide dismutase(SOD) and catalase(CAT). At the end of the experiment, the rats were sacrificed, the implants were removed for histopathological exam and biochemical assay of antioxidant enzymes. The results revealed decreased levels of antioxidant enzymes, pointing on significant oxidative stress involvement.

Alteration in the oxidative status of Drosophila melanogaster Meigen (Diptera: Drosophilidae) fed with a diet containing Centaurea depressa M. Bieb. (Asteraceae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-237
Author(s):  
Eda Güneş
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Protein Carbonyl ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Carbonyl Content ◽  
Protein Carbonyl Content ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Dried Extract

Abstract The aim of the this study was to evaluate the effects of fresh, dried and freeze-dried Centaurea depressa M. Bieb. (Asteraceae) on the oxidant and antioxidant status of the model organism D. melanogaster Meigen (Diptera: Drosophilidae) experimentally. The study was carried out from 2016 to 2019, and plant leaf extracts (0-50 mg/l) were added to insect standard artificial diets. The total protein, protein carbonyl content and glutathione-S-transferase, superoxide dismutase and catalase activities were quantified at the insect’s third larval stage. Our data showed that protein carbonyl content varied from 2.70 nmol/mg protein in the control group to 59.11 nmol/mg protein in the group fed with fresh leaf extract signifying induction of oxidative stress. All extracts increased the levels of all antioxidant enzymes and decreased the amounts of total protein. Meanwhile, the group fed with the freeze-dried extract showed no significant difference in the levels of total protein and protein carbonyl content except at the 50 mg/l concentration of the extract. Moreover, this group had superoxide dismutase and catalase activities 4 to 5 times higher than in the control group. In conclusion, induction of oxidative stress indicates that the fresh form of C. depressa leaves may have potential as a natural pesticide, whereas induction of endogenous antioxidant enzymes by the freeze-dried extract suggest its potential as an antioxidant.

Exogenous 24-Epibrassinolide stimulates root protection, and leaf antioxidant enzymes in rice plants lead stressed: Central roles to minimize Pb content and oxidative stress

2021 ◽  
pp. 116992
Author(s):  
Flávia Raphaela Carvalho Miranda Guedes ◽  
Camille Ferreira Maia ◽  
Breno Ricardo Serrão da Silva ◽  
Bruno Lemos Batista ◽  
Mohammed Nasser Alyemeni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Rice Plants ◽  
Root Protection ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

scholarly journals Changes in Antioxidative, Oxidoreductive and Detoxification Enzymes during Development of Aphids and Temperature Increase

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1181
Author(s):  
Roma Durak ◽  
Jan Dampc ◽  
Monika Kula-Maximenko ◽  
Mateusz Mołoń ◽  
Tomasz Durak
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme ◽  
Temperature Increase ◽  
Enzyme System ◽  
Life Cycles ◽  
Detoxification Enzymes ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme System

Temperature, being the main factor that has an influence on insects, causes changes in their development, reproduction, winter survival, life cycles, migration timing, and population dynamics. The effects of stress caused by a temperature increase on insects may depend on many factors, such as the frequency, amplitude, duration of the stress, sex, or the developmental stage of the insect. The aim of the study was to determine the differences in the enzymatic activity of nymphs and adult aphids Aphis pomi, Macrosiphum rosae and Cinara cupressi, and changes in their response to a temperature increase from 20 to 28 °C. The activity of enzymatic markers (superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione S-transferase (GST), β-glucosidase, polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and peroxidase (POD)) in aphid tissues was analysed for three constant temperatures. The results of our research showed that the enzymatic activity of aphids (measured as the activity of antioxidant, detoxifying and oxidoreductive enzymes) was mainly determined by the type of morph. We observed a strong positive correlation between the activity of the detoxifying and oxidoreductive enzymes and aphids’ development, and a negative correlation between the activity of the antioxidant enzymes and aphids’ development. Moreover, the study showed that an increase in temperature caused changes in enzyme activity (especially SOD, CAT and β-glucosidase), which was highest at 28 °C, in both nymphs and adults. Additionally, a strong positive correlation between metabolic activity (heat flow measured by microcalorimeter) and longevity was observed, which confirmed the relationship between these characteristics of aphids. The antioxidant enzyme system is more efficient in aphid nymphs, and during aphid development the activity of antioxidant enzymes decreases. The antioxidant enzyme system in aphids appears to deliver effective protection for nymphs and adults under stressful conditions, such as high temperatures.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document