scholarly journals Design aspects of vaginal applicators that influence acceptance among target users

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alyssa J. Bakke ◽  
Toral Zaveri ◽  
Molly J. Higgins ◽  
Gregory R. Ziegler ◽  
John E. Hayes
Keyword(s):  
Effective Means ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
The Body ◽  
Widespread Application ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Vaginal Microbicides ◽  
Environmental Friendliness ◽  
Visual Appeal ◽  
Public Data ◽  
Food And Beverage

AbstractAlthough sensory-guided product design is most traditionally used by food and beverage companies, the approach has widespread application for many other products, including pharmaceuticals and medical devices. Previously, our team used sensory methods to explore preclinical optimization of soft-gel vaginal microbicides. Past clinical trials suggest vaginal microbicides may be an effective means for women to protect themselves from HIV and other sexually transmitted infections, but these microbicides will not work if they are not used due to poor acceptability. Our prior work suggests properties like firmness, size, and shape all influence women’s willingness to try soft-gel vaginal suppositories. As product insertion is part of the overall experience of using vaginal microbicides, understanding the features of vaginal applicators that appeal to women, and incorporating these insights into vaginal drug delivery systems, may also improve user adherence. Despite widespread use of vaginal applicators, there is minimal public data on women’s perceptions of and preferences for physical applicator features. Other work suggests women want vaginal applicators that are single use, pre-filled, made of plastic, and easy to use, store, and discard. Applicator attributes that may be important to women, such as length, color, or visual appeal, have not been investigated previously. The objective of this research was to understand what physical applicator attributes are appealing to women. Here, 18 commercially available applicators were evaluated by a convenience sample of women (n = 102) for overall liking and perceptions of various attributes (perceived length and width, ease-of-grip, expected ease-of-use, expected comfort inside the body, visual appeal, color liking, and environmental friendliness). Preference mapping using both liking data and attribute data showed attributes such as color, visual appeal, ease of grip, expected ease of use, and expected comfort inside the body drove higher liking ratings for applicators, while perceived length negatively affected liking. In general, plastic tampon applicators contained more positive features and were better liked relative to a cardboard tampon applicator or applicators for insertion of medicated gels or suppositories. Incorporating more desirable features into applicators meant for insertion of vaginal microbicides or other vaginal medications may improve the user experience, and possibly user adherence.

Attribution Theory, Bystander Effect and Willingness to Intervene in Intimate Partner Violence

2021 ◽  
pp. 088626052199794
Author(s):  
Clara N. Wijaya ◽  
Lynne D. Roberts ◽  
Robert T. Kane
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Attribution Theory ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Bystander Effect ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Measurement Models ◽  
Willingness To Intervene

Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a crime that is afflicted by a current or previous romantic relationship partner. One in four women has experienced IPV at least once in their lifetime, with physical and psychological consequences. IPV cases tend to go largely unnoticed and under-reported, with low rates of intervention by bystanders. This cross-sectional correlational study investigated whether a combination of attribution theory and the bystander effect could predict the willingness of strangers to intervene in IPV. There were two models tested. The first model examined attitudes towards the victim, while the second one examined attitudes towards the perpetrator. The relationship between perceived responsibility and willingness to intervene was hypothesized to be mediated by sympathy and anger, with the number of bystanders as a moderator to mediating pathways (sympathy towards victim and anger towards perpetrator). A convenience sample of 278 Australian residents aged 18-years and older was presented in a vignette depicting an IPV incident occurring in public. Participants completed measures about the vignette in an online questionnaire. Model testing was conducted using MPlus; confirmatory factor analysis indicated a good fit of the measurement models. After controlling potential covariates, moderated mediation models of victim and perpetrator were analyzed. Attribution theory was a significant predictor in willingness to intervene ( f² = .23, p < .001), but the bystander effect was not. Both attitudes towards victim and perpetrator accounted for unique variance in willingness to intervene in IPV, highlighting the importance of examining both. Findings indicate that psychoeducation campaigns aimed at reducing victim-blaming and promoting intervening behavior could be an effective means of preventing IPV.

633 Use of an ICU Rounding Tool Enhances Critical Care Learning for Trainees on a Burn Surgery Rotation

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S172-S173
Author(s):  
Lauren B Nosanov ◽  
Kaitlyn Libraro ◽  
Jamie Heffernan ◽  
Philip H Chang ◽  
Abraham Houng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Team Members ◽  
Sepsis Risk ◽  
Burn Surgery ◽  
Ventilator Management ◽  
Patient Assessments ◽  
Continued Use ◽  
Additional Feedback

Abstract Introduction An institutional Burn Intensive Care Unit (ICU) Rounding Tool was implemented for both quality improvement data collection and trainee education. Forms are completed by trainee team members daily for all critically ill patients prior to teaching rounds. Gathered data are structured to facilitate evaluation of patient volume status, sepsis risk and ventilator management. The forms are then used to guide discussion among students, residents, mid-level providers, fellows, attending surgeons and other members of the multi-disciplinary rounding team. We conducted a series of interviews with trainees regarding their user experience to assess the tool’s educational utility. Methods A convenience sample of residents who had recently completed their Burn Surgery rotation were interviewed in a structured format. Questions focused on the form’s ease of use and comprehensibility. Emphasis was placed on the extent to which it stimulates learning while rounding. Additional feedback was sought for the purpose of improving the tool for continued use. Results Participants were post-graduate year one or two resident physicians training in General Surgery, Urology, Emergency Medicine or Anesthesia. Prior experience and comfort with ICU level care ranged from very little to moderate. All interviewees found the tool helpful in their patient assessments, though the current layout of the form was a frustration for many. Overall, they unanimously found the forms beneficial for preparation of patient presentations and felt that utilization during rounds facilitated learning. Conclusions Interviews with trainees on their burn surgery rotation demonstrate that implementation of an ICU Rounding Tool has provided educational benefit, particularly for those less experienced in intensive care. Feedback from this cohort will be used to improve the tool’s usability. Our next steps will include a more formal survey of all trainees involved since the inception of this project.

Development of an Instrument for Assessing Trauma Team Performance

2007 ◽  
Vol 51 (11) ◽  
pp. 678-682 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Kuenzle Haake ◽  
Yan Xiao ◽  
Colin Mackenzie ◽  
F. Jacob Seagull ◽  
Thomas Grissom ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Team Performance ◽  
Performance Feedback ◽  
Subject Matter ◽  
Clinical Performance ◽  
Trauma Team ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Initial Assessment ◽  
Subject Matter Experts ◽  
Real Patient ◽  
Widespread Application

Teamwork training is critical for patient safety and has been advocated for widespread application in many settings. A key challenge for evaluating teamwork training is measurement. Despite much effort, the team performance instruments reported thus far suffer from a variety shortcomings that prevent their wide application in assessing teams in real settings. Based on review of video recorded trauma team activities in real patient care, a multi-disciplinary research team developed an instrument based on observable behaviors (UMTOP). A set of video clips were reviewed by 6 subject matter experts who were requested to provide “descriptors” about the observed team activities. The 167 collated descriptors were combined to a reduced list, which was then sent to the subject matter experts for revision. The revised list was then categorized into 5 areas of team performance (task and clinical performance, leadership organization, teamwork organization, social environment, sterile precaution). UMTOP was developed to be a tradeoff among four criteria: ease of use, reliability, usefulness for team performance feedback, and speed of scoring. An initial assessment of reliability was conducted with surgeon and nursing reviewers.

scholarly journals The Relation Between Sugar Intake In Ultra Processed Beverages And Energy Intake Of Food And Beverage To Teenage Overweight

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 86-93
Author(s):  
Alvia Anggreini Setyaningrum ◽  
Sri Adiningsih
Keyword(s):  
Energy Intake ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
The Body ◽  
Nutrition Status ◽  
Observational Research ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sugar Intake ◽  
Food And Beverages ◽  
Food And Beverage

Overweight is an accumulation of excess adipose reserve within the body, resulting in an increase of bodyweight. Consumption of ultra-processed beverages, and energy intake from food and beverage are several fators that can cause the problem of overweight. This research aims to understand the relation between sugar intake in ultra-processed beverages and energy intake from food and beverages with overweight among teenage students of senior high school 6 Surabaya. The research is an observational research with cross-sectional design. Sampling is taken using proportional random sampling technique. The number of participants are 80 teenagers from 10th and 11th classes in June 2020. Participants are aged 15-18 years old. Energy intake from food and beverages are taken from 2x24 hour recall questionnaire, and sugar intake from ultra-processed beverages taken from seven-day beverages diary.. Statistical analysis are done using chi-square. The result shows relation between energy intake from food and beverages with overnutrition, with (p =< 0,001). In conclusion, excess energy intake from food and beverages relation with overweight problem to teenagers, thus requiring balanced nutritional guide education as well as annual nutrition status monitoring, from the school to its teenage students.  

scholarly journals The Application of Public Data in Forensic Real Estate Valuations: Problems, Limitations, Opportunities

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-29
Author(s):  
A. Yu. Butyrin ◽  
V. M. Kruglyakova ◽  
I. A. Shipilova
Keyword(s):  
Real Estate ◽  
Initial Data ◽  
The Body ◽  
Legal Authority ◽  
Data Completeness ◽  
Legal Proceedings ◽  
Public Data ◽  
Judicial Proceedings ◽  
Forensic Expert

One of the problems with the practice of legal proceedings is the determination of the legal authority limits of a forensic expert when he forms an array of initial data, the structure and content of which would provide a full and comprehensive research of the issues put before him by the body (person) having appointed the examination. The possibility of the specifed initial data completeness ensuring is suggested and substantiated in the article, arguments arising from the provisions of the law concerning neutralization of the traditional criticism directions of the expert in this part during his interrogation in the course of judicial proceedings on his conclusion are adduced.

scholarly journals A Pilot Study of Clinicians' Perceptions of Feasibility, Client-Centeredness, and Usability of the Systematic Tailored Assessment for Responding to Suicidality Protocol

Crisis ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacinta Hawgood ◽  
Tamara Ownsworth ◽  
Helen Mason ◽  
Susan H. Spence ◽  
Ella Arensman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Community Setting ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Diverse Populations ◽  
Semistructured Interview ◽  
Psychosocial Needs ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Training Requirements ◽  
Assessment Protocol

Abstract. Background: The Systematic Tailored Assessment for Responding to Suicidality (STARS) is a client-centered, psychosocial needs-based assessment protocol. This semistructured interview obtains client prioritized indicators that contribute to suicidality and informs commensurate care responses for preventing suicide. Aim: To pilot the feasibility, client-centeredness, and usability of the STARS protocol, including clinicians' perceptions of ease of use; content validity; and administration within the community setting. Method: A convenience sample of clinicians who undertook assessment and/or intervention with suicidal persons and had used STARS between mid-2016 and early 2017 completed an online survey assessing feasibility, client-centeredness, and usability of STARS. Results: Of the 51 clinicians who entered the survey, 42 (82.3%; aged 25–74; 69% female) completed it. Overall, perceptions of feasibility and usability of STARS were positive, particularly regarding client-centeredness of the protocol and confidence in information obtained for screening suicidality and informing needs-based priority responses. Limitations: The pilot findings are limited by the use of a small convenience sample and the low completion rate of clinicians with STARS training. Conclusion: STARS was perceived as a feasible and useful psychosocial needs-based assessment protocol. Suggestions for improving STARS, training requirements, and application to diverse populations are outlined.

Why not be “smarter”? Examining the factors that influence the behavioral intentions of non-smartphone users

2017 ◽  
Vol 117 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen-Yu Lin ◽  
Yu-Chuang Chao ◽  
Tzy-Wen Tang
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Intentions ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Perceived Usefulness ◽  
Adoption Process ◽  
Perceived Ease Of Use ◽  
Path Modeling ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Price Consciousness ◽  
Consumer Demographics

Purpose Despite the evident and dramatic increase in smartphone usage worldwide, some consumers continue to use traditional mobile phones. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the behavioral intentions of these laggard and non-smartphone users. Design/methodology/approach This current study examines the effects of consumer demographics, psychographics, and smartphone characteristics on the intentions of non-smartphone consumers to switch or resist the use of smartphones. Data were collected using a convenience sample of non-smartphone users in Taiwan. The proposed model is tested using the consistent partial least squares (PLSc) path modeling technique. Findings PLSc results indicate that consumer psychographics and smartphone characteristics play more important roles than consumer demographics. Specifically, price consciousness, nostalgia, and perceived ease of use are good predictors of intention to switch, whereas perceived usefulness and ease of use are strong predictors of the intention to resist smartphone adoption. Practical implications The results of this study have implications for mobile phone vendors and mobile manufacturers who target non-smartphone users or laggard adopters. Originality/value This study is among the few that focus on non-smartphone users’ perceptions of smartphones. Hence, this empirical study could contribute to the development and testing of theories related to the smartphone adoption process.

scholarly journals Barriers to implementing lean construction practices in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) construction industry

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 246-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamil Sarhan ◽  
Bo Xia ◽  
Sabrina Fawzia ◽  
Azharul Karim ◽  
Ayokunle Olanipekun
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Construction Industry ◽  
Lean Construction ◽  
The Body ◽  
Item Score ◽  
Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia ◽  
Cultural Economic ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Principal Factors

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to identify the barriers to implementing lean construction in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) construction industry and to prioritise the principal factors that constitute these barriers. Design/methodology/approach A literature review was initially used to reveal the global barriers to implementing lean construction. Subsequently, these barriers were incorporated into a structured questionnaire, and a convenience sample of 282 construction professionals in the KSA construction industry was surveyed. The results were analysed using mean item score (MIS), Mann–Whitney U test and principal component analysis (PCA). Findings The findings revealed 22 barriers to lean construction implementation in the KSA construction industry. Principal factors that constitute these barriers were found to be traditional practices, client related, technological, performance and knowledge and cost-related barriers in descending order of pervasiveness. The study also proposes solutions to overcome these principal barriers. Originality/value This study provides a global overview of the barriers to implementing lean construction. It contributes to the body of knowledge, as it uncovers for the first time the barriers to implementing lean construction in the KSA construction industry with reference to the socio-cultural, economic and operational context of the KSA. Thus, it is relevant to other countries in the Middle East because of their shared similarities to the KSA. Furthermore, the solutions proposed to overcome these barriers in the KSA construction industry can be applied in other countries where similar barriers are identified.

Respiratory gymnastics as a means of strengthening the health of student youth

2021 ◽  
pp. 135-137
Author(s):  
N. Shashlov
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Specific Effect ◽  
The Body ◽  
External Respiration ◽  
State Of Health ◽  
Critical Systems ◽  
Breathing Exercises ◽  
Current State

The article analyzes the current state of health of students of higher education institutions. The importance of breathing exercises for student youth in a pandemic is determined. The necessity of using respiratory techniques to harden the body, improve the work of the respiratory and cardiovascular systems is substantiated. It is established that breathing exercises are a system of breathing exercises and an effective means of strengthening human health. During respiratory gymnastics our body is saturated with oxygen, blood circulation improves, metabolic processes are accelerated, emotional state is stabilized, immunity is strengthened. Breathing exercises improve and activate the function of external respiration, promote its faster recovery after exercise and have a specific effect on some respiratory diseases. Health is the main value of human life, to which man himself does not pay due attention. An important preventive factor in strengthening it is a healthy lifestyle. There are basic requirements for maintaining a healthy lifestyle - physical activity, nutrition, comfortable conditions and a rational mode of work and rest, optimal exercise, abandonment of bad habits, the use of traditional and non-traditional means of health. The problem of health, especially of students, is receiving more and more attention. The state of health of students can be classified as high risk. The transition from one learning environment to another, more intensive, requires the body of the future student to pay more attention to the work of critical systems, including respiratory. There are many issues related to the formation of new approaches to health promotion.

Factors influencing customers' continuance usage intention of food delivery apps during COVID-19 quarantine in Mexico

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen Ramos
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Food Delivery ◽  
The Body ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Performance Expectancy ◽  
Effort Expectancy ◽  
Continuance Usage ◽  
Food And Beverage ◽  
Average Variance ◽  
Continuance Usage Intention

PurposeThe aim of this study was to find out the factors that influenced customers' continuance usage intention of food delivery apps (FDAs) during COVID-19 quarantine.Design/methodology/approachThe information was obtained by applying an online survey to a sample of 295 residents in Tijuana, Mexico, who were repeat customers of the FDAs during COVID-19 quarantine. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA), the average variance explained (AVE) and composite reliability (CR) were conducted to ensure the validity of each construct. Multiple regression analysis was done to identify predictors of customers' continuance usage intention.FindingsBased on the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology 2 (UTAUT-2), four constructs were included: effort expectancy, performance expectancy, food and beverage quality and price saving orientation. Multiple linear regressions were carried out to assess the relationship between the four dimensions and customers' continuance usage intention of FDAs. The results obtained show that effort expectancy, performance expectancy and price saving orientation influenced the customers' continuous usage behavior.Originality/valueThis study contributes to the body of knowledge on consumer behavior on the continuance usage intention of FDAs during the COVID-19 pandemic, which has been scarcely studied. Also, the food and beverage quality construct was proposed, and the price value construct from the UTAUT-2 theory was adapted to price saving orientation.

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