scholarly journals Extraordinary human energy consumption and resultant geological impacts beginning around 1950 CE initiated the proposed Anthropocene Epoch

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaia Syvitski ◽  
Colin N. Waters ◽  
John Day ◽  
John D. Milliman ◽  
Colin Summerhayes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Economic Productivity ◽  
The Holocene ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Human Energy ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
Highly Correlated

Abstract Growth in fundamental drivers—energy use, economic productivity and population—can provide quantitative indications of the proposed boundary between the Holocene Epoch and the Anthropocene. Human energy expenditure in the Anthropocene, ~22 zetajoules (ZJ), exceeds that across the prior 11,700 years of the Holocene (~14.6 ZJ), largely through combustion of fossil fuels. The global warming effect during the Anthropocene is more than an order of magnitude greater still. Global human population, their productivity and energy consumption, and most changes impacting the global environment, are highly correlated. This extraordinary outburst of consumption and productivity demonstrates how the Earth System has departed from its Holocene state since ~1950 CE, forcing abrupt physical, chemical and biological changes to the Earth’s stratigraphic record that can be used to justify the proposal for naming a new epoch—the Anthropocene.

Energy Use and Carbon Footprint for Potable Water Treatment in Haiderpur Water Treatment Plant, Delhi, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 37-44
Author(s):  
S.K. Singh ◽  
Artika Sharma ◽  
Darshika Singh ◽  
Ritika Chopra
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Carbon Footprint ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Water System ◽  
Water Treatment Plant ◽  
Life Cycle Assessment Methodology ◽  
Engineering Project

With the advent of the environmentally conscious decision-making period, the carbon footprint of any engineering project becomes an important consideration. Despite this, the carbon footprint associated with water resource projects is often overlooked. Water production, its supply and treatment processes involve significant energy consumption and thus, are source of emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs) such as carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrous oxide (N2O) and methane (CH4) which contribute to global warming. The emissions are not direct but come as a by-product of burning of fossil fuels to produce electricity to carry out these processes. Since water demand is continuous and keeps on rising, the quantification of carbon footprint associated with the water industry is vital. This paper studies and attempts to quantify the carbon footprint of one such urban water system, that is the Haiderpur Water Treatment Plant in Delhi, capital region of India by using the Life Cycle Assessment methodology and evaluate its performance from the point of view of energy consumption and make suggestions.

scholarly journals Reduction of CO2 Emissions Due to Energy Use in Crete-Greece

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Vourdoubas
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Heating Oil ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Reduction Of Co2 ◽  
Negative Growth

Use of fossil fuels in modern societies results in CO2 emissions which, together with other greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, increase environmental degradation and climate changes. Carbon dioxide emissions in a society are strongly related with energy consumption and economic growth, being influenced also from energy intensity, population growth, crude oil and CO2 prices as well as the composition of energy mix and the percentage of renewable energies in it.The last years in Greece, the severe economic crisis has affected all sectors of the economy, has reduced the available income of the citizens and has changed the consumers’ behavior including the consumption of energy in all the activities. Analysis of the available data in the region of Crete over the period 2007-2013 has shown a significant decrease of energy consumption and CO2 emissions due to energy use by 25.90% compared with the reduction of national G.D.P. per capita over the same period by 25.45% indicating the coupling of those emissions with the negative growth of the economy. Carbon dioxide emissions per capita in Crete in 2013 are estimated at 4.96 tons. Main contributors of those emissions in the same year were electricity generation from fuel and heating oil by 64.85%, heating sector by 3.23% and transportation by 31.92%.

scholarly journals Preservation of the Environment by Smart Energy Consumption

ICR Journal ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-96
Author(s):  
Shahino Mah Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
The Earth

The rise in world energy consumption has caused an alarming shortage of fossil fuels and an increase in carbon emissions. It has also led to various environmental issues, especially climate change, which threaten humanity’s access to food, water, shelter, energy and health. The growth of the human population combined with rapid development has caused excessive carbon emissions, while the conventional ways of energy production and utilisation need serious reconsideration. This article, therefore, draws attention to the vital role that human beings, as vicegerents of the Earth (khalifah), have in managing natural resources. It highlights the pivotal position of humans in the world, as trustees who bear great responsibility for maintaining the natural environment. At the same time, this article also draws attention to the Islamic concept of moderation (wasatiyyah) and its practice to improve the consumption of resources by reducing wastage and pollution. The concept of moderation in the context of consuming natural resources is generally supported by the advancements in maqasid al-shariah (higher objectives of Islamic law) that have included the significance of environmental preservation This article also seeks to inform the development of Renewable Energy (RE) in the context of the Islamic concern for inclusive well-being. Several policy actions capable of promoting the concept of I’mar al-ard (building of the Earth) and smart energy consumption are proposed to address environmental issues in our policy recommendations towards the end.

scholarly journals Investigating Energy Use, Environment Pollution, and Economic Growth in Developing Countries

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 275-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hooman Abdollahi
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Trade Openness ◽  
Environment Pollution ◽  
Bidirectional Relationship

AbstractAttaining continuous economic growth entails special consideration of energy sector and the environment. Compliance with this purpose may be more intricate in the uncertain milieu of developing countries. The present paper examines the nature of causality between energy consumption, environment pollution, and economic growth in 8 contiguous developing countries, considering GDP per capita, CO2 emissions, energy use, labour force, total population, urban population, capital formation, financial development, and trade openness. The author applied spatial simultaneous equations for random effects panel data to investigate the spatial interactions of adjacent countries over the period from 1998 to 2011. The findings reveal that energy consumption, environment degradation, and economic growth of a country influence those of its neighbours. Additionally, the results document bidirectional causal relationship between economic growth and environment pollution, as well as between environment pollution and energy consumption. Thus, there is a bidirectional relationship between energy use and economic growth. Fossil fuels replacement with renewable energy and usage of tax instruments to reduce greenhouse gas are recommended.

R&D of Thermochemical Reactor Concepts to Enable Seasonal Heat Storage of Solar Energy in Residential Houses

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. A. Zondag ◽  
R. Schuitema ◽  
L. P. J. Bleijendaal ◽  
J. Cot Gores ◽  
V. M. van Essen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Heat Recovery ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Heat Storage ◽  
Solar Thermal ◽  
Solar Heat ◽  
Seasonal Heat

About 30% of the energy consumption in the Netherlands is taken up by residences and offices. Most of this energy is used for heating purposes. In order to reduce the consumption of fossil fuels, it is necessary to reduce this energy use as much as possible by means of insulation and heat recovery. The remaining demand could be met by solar thermal, provided that an effective way would exist for storing solar heat.

scholarly journals Medium- and High-Tech Export and Renewable Energy Consumption: Non-Linear Evidence from the ASEAN Countries

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (15) ◽  
pp. 4419
Author(s):  
Cong Khai Dinh ◽  
Quang Thanh Ngo ◽  
Trung Thanh Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Renewable Energy Consumption ◽  
Development Indicators ◽  
The Impact

Sustaining economic growth while reducing dependence on fossil fuels remains a challenge for our world to fight against climate change and therefore finding a way to promote economic growth and increase renewable energy use is needed. This paper uses a 22-year panel dataset (1994–2015) of 9 countries in the Association of Southeast Asian Nations provided by the World Bank World Development Indicators to examine the impact of medium- and high-tech export on renewable energy use. We employ a fixed-effects regression model with the Driscoll–Kraay nonparametric covariance matrix estimator to account for sectoral and temporal dependence. We also control for inflation, employment, population growth, and gross domestic product per capita in our estimations. Our results demonstrate a U-shaped association between medium- and high-tech export and renewable energy consumption of these economies. The results propose that enhancing medium- and high-tech export could be a feasible solution for promoting renewable energy consumption.

Diversified Energy Use in Twentieth-Century Japanese Households

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 110-138
Author(s):  
Tomoki Shimanishi
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Interwar Period ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
The 1960S

Abstract This article examines the popularization process of rentan and mametan (cylindrical anthracite briquettes and anthracite briquette balls) in Japanese households. It points out that the scarcity of wood and charcoal and the supply of anthracite and molasses (used as an adhesive) from Asian countries encouraged the invention and implementation of such new types of fuels in the interwar period. They were widely accepted because they did not change conventional energy use habits. The study also shows that until the diffusion of imported fluid fossil fuels such as oil and gas in the 1960s, those kinds of briquettes had been supporting the energy consumption of family units as transitional energy. In other words, while Japan was experiencing a so-called “energy revolution” from coal to oil in the industrial sector, the use of diverse energy sources continued in the household sector. These two different paths of energy consumption played a role in mitigating overall energy constraints and concurrently sustaining a high economic growth.

Geographical aspects of the diffusion of passive houses

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Kozma ◽  
E. Molnár ◽  
K. Czimre ◽  
J. Pénzes
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Substantial Part ◽  
Renewable Energy Resources ◽  
Passive House ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Passive Houses ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Geographical Locations ◽  
Over Time

Abstract In our days, energy issues belong to the most important problems facing the Earth and the solution may be expected partly from decreasing the amount of the energy used and partly from the increased utilisation of renewable energy resources. A substantial part of energy consumption is related to buildings and includes, inter alia, the use for cooling/heating, lighting and cooking purposes. In the view of the above, special attention has been paid to minimising the energy consumption of buildings since the late 1980s. Within the framework of that, the passive house was created, a building in which the thermal comfort can be achieved solely by postheating or postcooling of the fresh air mass without a need for recirculated air. The aim of the paper is to study the changes in the construction of passive houses over time. In addition, the differences between the geographical locations and the observable peculiarities with regard to the individual building types are also presented.

Global Warming and Its Multiple Causes

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Romdhane Ben Slama
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Greenhouse Gases ◽  
Greenhouse Effect ◽  
Infrared Radiation ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
The Earth ◽  
The One ◽  
Heat Released ◽  
Emission Of Greenhouse Gases

The global warming which preoccupies humanity, is still considered to be linked to a single cause which is the emission of greenhouse gases, CO2 in particular. In this article, we try to show that, on the one hand, the greenhouse effect (the radiative imprisonment to use the scientific term) took place in conjunction with the infrared radiation emitted by the earth. The surplus of CO2 due to the combustion of fossil fuels, but also the surplus of infrared emissions from artificialized soils contribute together or each separately,  to the imbalance of the natural greenhouse effect and the trend of global warming. In addition, another actor acting directly and instantaneously on the warming of the ambient air is the heat released by fossil fuels estimated at 17415.1010 kWh / year inducing a rise in temperature of 0.122 ° C, or 12.2 ° C / century.

scholarly journals A Review on Energy and Renewable Energy Policies in Iran

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 7328
Author(s):  
Saeed Solaymani
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Causal Relationship ◽  
Energy Security ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Causality Analysis ◽  
Renewable Energy Consumption

Iran, endowed with abundant renewable and non-renewable energy resources, particularly non-renewable resources, faces challenges such as air pollution, climate change and energy security. As a leading exporter and consumer of fossil fuels, it is also attempting to use renewable energy as part of its energy mix toward energy security and sustainability. Due to its favorable geographic characteristics, Iran has diverse and accessible renewable sources, which provide appropriate substitutes to reduce dependence on fossil fuels. Therefore, this study aims to examine trends in energy demand, policies and development of renewable energies and the causal relationship between renewable and non-renewable energies and economic growth using two methodologies. This study first reviews the current state of energy and energy policies and then employs Granger causality analysis to test the relationships between the variables considered. Results showed that renewable energy technologies currently do not have a significant and adequate role in the energy supply of Iran. To encourage the use of renewable energy, especially in electricity production, fuel diversification policies and development program goals were introduced in the late 2000s and early 2010s. Diversifying energy resources is a key pillar of Iran’s new plan. In addition to solar and hydropower, biomass from the municipal waste from large cities and other agricultural products, including fruits, can be used to generate energy and renewable sources. While present policies indicate the incorporation of sustainable energy sources, further efforts are needed to offset the use of fossil fuels. Moreover, the study predicts that with the production capacity of agricultural products in 2018, approximately 4.8 billion liters of bioethanol can be obtained from crop residues and about 526 thousand tons of biodiesel from oilseeds annually. Granger’s causality analysis also shows that there is a unidirectional causal relationship between economic growth to renewable and non-renewable energy use. Labor force and gross fixed capital formation cause renewable energy consumption, and nonrenewable energy consumption causes renewable energy consumption.

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