Weight loss normalizes the inhibitory effect of N6-(phenylisopropyl)adenosine on lipolysis in fat cells of massively obese human subjects

1992 ◽  
Vol 83 (5) ◽  
pp. 589-592 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorma J. Ohisalo ◽  
Johanna M. Kaartinen ◽  
Susanna Ranta ◽  
Pertti Mustajoki ◽  
Stanely P. Hreniuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Bypass ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Control ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Fat Cells ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Phenylisopropyl Adenosine ◽  
Normal Weight Control ◽  
In Cells

1. Fat cells were isolated from massively obese patients at or before gastric bypass, from other patients after normalization of body weight after gastric bypass or gastroplasty (post-bypass patients) and from control subjects of a stable normal body weight. 2. The inhibition of isoprenaline-stimulated lipolysis by N6-(phenylisopropyl)adenosine in the presence of adenosine deaminase was much attenuated in cells from the massively obese patients as compared with those from normal-weight control subjects, but was normal in cells from post-bypass patients. 3. Isolated fat cells of the massively obese patients were larger (913 ± 197 pl, mean ± sem) than those of the normal-weight group (437 ± 95 pl). The volume of cells from the post-bypass patients was only 125 ± 49 pl, although the body mass index of this group was almost exactly the same as that of the normal-weight control subjects. 4. Although epidemiological studies have suggested that genetic factors are important in the development and maintenance of obesity, these results demonstrate that the changes observed in the inhibitory regulation of lipolysis in obesity are secondary.

scholarly journals Sequence Analysis of theUCP1Gene in a Severe Obese Population from Southern Italy

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuseppe Labruna ◽  
Fabrizio Pasanisi ◽  
Giuliana Fortunato ◽  
Carmela Nardelli ◽  
Carmine Finelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Analysis ◽  
Weight Control ◽  
Southern Italy ◽  
Uncoupling Protein ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Uncoupling Protein 1 ◽  
Obese Adults ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Normal Weight Control

Brown adipose tissue, where Uncoupling Protein 1 (UCP1) activity uncouples mitochondrial respiration, is an important site of facultative energy expenditure. This tissue may normally function to prevent obesity. Our aim was to investigate by sequence analysis the presence ofUCP1gene variations that may be associated with obesity. We studied 100 severe obese adults (BMI > 40 kg/m2) and 100 normal-weight control subjects (BMI range = 19–24.9 kg/m2). We identified 7 variations in the promoter region, 4 in the intronic region and 4 in the exonic region. Globally, 72% of obese patients boreUCP1polymorphisms. AmongUCP1variants, g.IVS4−208T>G SNP was associated with obesity (OR: 1.77; 95% CI = 1.26–2.50;P=.001). Further, obese patients bearing the g.−451C>T (CT+TT) or the g.940G>A (GA+AA) genotypes showed a higher BMI than not polymorphic obese patients (P=.008andP=.043, resp.). In conclusion,UCP1SNPs could represent “thrifty” factors that promote energy storage in prone subjects.

Anorexia Nervosa at Normal Body Weight!–The Abnormal Normal Weight Control Syndrome

1982 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 203-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. H. Crisp
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Weight Control ◽  
Eating Behaviour ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Normal Body ◽  
Self Mutilation ◽  
Normal Body Weight ◽  
Body Weight Control ◽  
Normal Weight Control

Disgust with ‘fatness' and a consequent preoccupation with body weight, coupled with an inability to reduce it to or sustain it at the desired low level, characterizes the abnormal normal weight control syndrome. Individuals remain sexually active in a biological sense and often also socially. Indeed their sexual behaviour may be as impulse ridden as is their eating behaviour, which often comprises phases of massive bingeing coupled with vomiting and/or purgation. The syndrome is unlike frank anorexia nervosa in that the latter involves a regression to a position of phobic avoidance of normal body weight and consequent low body weight control with inhibition of both biological and social sexual activity. In abnormal normal weight control there is a strong and sometimes desperate hedonistic and extrovert element that will often not be denied so long as body weight does not get too low. Individuals nevertheless feel desperately ‘out of control’ and insecure beneath their bravura. The syndrome is much more common in females than in males. There is a clinical overlap with anorexia nervosa and obesity in many cases as the disorder evolves. Depression, stealing, drug dependence (including alcohol) and acute self-poisoning and self-mutilation are common complications. Clinic cases probably only represent the tip of the iceberg of a much more widespread morbidity within the general population. Like anorexia nervosa and for the same reasons the disorder is probably more common than it used to be.

scholarly journals Are Plasma Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone Levels Associated with Degree of Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome in Euthyroid Obese Patients? A Turkish Cohort Study

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Okan Bakiner ◽  
Emre Bozkirli ◽  
Gulhan Cavlak ◽  
Kursad Ozsahin ◽  
Eda Ertorer
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Weight Control ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Morbid Obese ◽  
Turkish Patients ◽  
Normal Weight Control

We aimed to observe the association between degree of obesity and metabolic syndrome and plasma thyrotropin levels in obese, euthyroid Turkish patients. 947 obese and overweight patients who admitted to our outpatient clinic were assessed retrospectively. 150 healthy euthyroid cases were also recruited as the control group. Cases with metabolic syndrome were determined. Patients were divided into various subgroups as overweight, obese, morbid obese, men, and women. No statistical significance was determined when all the patients’ and subgroups’ plasma thyrotropin levels were compared to normal weight control group. No association was shown between the presence of metabolic syndrome and plasma thyrotropin levels for both all patients and subgroups. Also there was not any association between each component of metabolic syndrome and plasma thyrotropin levels. In conclusion, we did not found any significant association between plasma thyrotropin levels and obesity and metabolic syndrome in our euthyroid subjects.

scholarly journals POS0358 EVALUATION OF THE EFFECT OF mTOR EXPRESSION ON THE CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS OF KNEE OSTEOARTHRITIS IN OBESE AND NORMAL WEIGHT PATIENTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 409.2-409
Author(s):  
E. Strebkova ◽  
E. Tchetina ◽  
L. Alekseeva
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Knee Pain ◽  
Mammalian Target Of Rapamycin ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Womac Pain ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Normal Body ◽  
Knee Oa ◽  
Normal Body Weight

Background:Currently, a large number of molecular biological and genetic markers are known to be involved in the development of osteoarthritis (OA). The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway is responsible for chondrocyte proliferation, cartilage matrix production, and cell growth. OA is characterized by increased mTOR synthesis, which is accompanied by an increase in proliferative activity and destruction of chondrocytes. Obesity is an important factor in the progression of knee OA. The study of mTOR expression in patients with OA and obesity is an urgent task in the development of personalized OA therapy.Objectives:To determine the expression of mTOR in patients with knee OA in combination with obesity and normal body weight. To evaluate the effect of mTOR on the clinical manifestations of OA in patients with different body mass index (BMI).Methods:The study included 73 female patients aged 45-65 y.o. with Kellgren-Lawrence stage II-III knee OA. The patients were divided into 2 groups: group 1 (n=50) with obesity (BMI > 30 kg / cm2) and group 2 (n=23) with normal or increased body weight (BMI < 30 kg/cm2). The average age of patients with obesity is 56.5 ± 5.87 years, without obesity - 58.7 ± 5.43 years. Clinical manifestations were evaluated by a WOMAС. RNA was isolated from the patients ‘ blood samples, which was used to determine the expression of mTOR.Results:Patients with knee OA with and without obesity did not differ in age. OA develops at an earlier age in obese patients, than in non-obese patients (p < 0.001). Patients from 1 group had a high BMI > 30 kg/m2 at the onset of OA. Obese patients had more severe knee OA is significantly more often detected: Kellgren-Lawrence stage III was determined in 10% of obese patients and in 4.35% - without obesity (p < 0.001). Significantly higher values of the WOMAC index pain, stiffness, joint functional failure, and total WOMAC were observed in obese patients (p = 0.006, p = 0.039, p = 0.037, and p = 0.014, respectively). Obese patients had higher VAS pain scores (p < 0.05) compared to patients with a lower BMI. Obese patients had a higher mTOR expression (p < 0.05) of 8.02±8.62, compared to non-obese patients. High mTOR expression was associated with VAS knee pain (r=0.78; p < 0.05) and WOMAC pain (r=0.89; p<0.05) in obese patients (Table 1).Table 1.Correlation of m-TORParametersmTOR (1 group, n=50)mTOR (2 group, n=23)Body weightр > 0,05р > 0,05Pain (VAS)r=0,78; р<0,05p = 0,07; r = 0,45Pain (WOMAC)r=0,89; р<0,05р > 0,05Total WOMACр > 0,05р > 0,05Conclusion:Our study showed that patients with obesity and knee OA have higher rates of mTOR expression, compared to patients with normal body weight. High mTOR expression correlates with the severity of knee pain in obese patients. Thus, the evaluation of mTOR expression in obese patients and knee OA plays an important role in predicting the severity of clinical manifestations of OA, and may influence the choice of personalized therapy tactics for such patients.Disclosure of Interests:None declared

scholarly journals The value of blood serotonin for effective weight loss in obese women

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 31-35
Author(s):  
Natal'ya Vadimovna Anikina ◽  
Elena Nikolaevna Smirnova
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Endothelin 1 ◽  
Excessive Accumulation ◽  
Made In

Introduction. Obesity is a disorder of energy balance, which leads to excessive accumulation of fat. In recent years, many important discoveries were made in this field, including the discovery of hormones produced by adipose tissue and the identification of many of the central and peripheral pathways of energy balance.Objective. To study the levels of hormones that affect appetite and metabolism in women with obesity baseline and after weight loss while taking sibutramine.Materials and methods. The study included 56 women aged 42,9±9,5 years, with a BMI of 34,6±6,1 kg/m2. All patients underwent clinical, laboratory and instrumental examination. Hormonal study included determination of serotonin, leptin, ghrelin, endothelin-1, adiponectin.Results: In women with obesity we identified hyperleptinemia and increased serotonin levels. The decrease in body weight in patients receiving sibutramine was accompanied by lower levels of serotonin, leptin, ghrelin, endothelin-1, and increase of adiponectin.Conclusions: Obese patients have significantly elevated levels of leptin, serotonin, ghrelin compared to women of normal weight. Sibutramine treatment leads to a decrease in serotonin, leptin, ghrelin and is more effective in women with a BMI less than 36,5 kg/m2.

scholarly journals MON-161 Body Weight Reduction Not Always Reduced Adrenal Gland Volume in Obese Patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Chen
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Sleeve Gastrectomy ◽  
Adrenal Gland ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Gland Volume ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Adrenal Gland Volume

Abstract Recent studies have shown that obesity is a major risk factor for idiopathic hyperaldosteronism (IHA). IHA patients have greater AGV than normal controls. However, it is unclear whether such changes are caused by obesity and whether losing weight could reverse the morphological and functional abnormalities of the adrenal gland. This study was to investigate the association of obesity with adrenal gland volume (AGV) and the effects of weight loss on AGV. This study recruited obese patients (N=25) who underwent sleeve gastrectomy and age- and sex-matched normal-weight (N=25) and overweight healthy volunteers (HV) (N=21). Thin-slice computed tomography was used to evaluate adrenal morphological changes. AGV was measured semiautomatically based on the digital imaging and communications in medicine (DICOM) image. The effects of weight loss on AGV were evaluated in patients for one year or more after sleeve gastrectomy. The results showed that left, right and total AGV were larger in obese patients than those in overweight and normal- weight HVs (6.77±0.36, 5.76±0.31, and 12.53±0.64 cm3 vs. 3.88±0.14, 3.09± 0.13 and 6.97± 0.24 cm3 vs. 3.38±0.23, 2.67±0.15 and 6.04±0.36 cm3). No statistically significant difference was identified between overweight and normal-weight HVs. Sleeve gastrectomy significantly reduced body weight (-27.1±2.5 kg), left AGV (-0.80±0.26 cm3), and right AGV (-0.88±0.20 cm2). However, the adrenal volume in five patients was not reduced, despite significant weight loss postsurgery. In brief, obesity leads to increased AGV, and in some cases, this effect seems to be irreversible. We speculate that obesity causes permanently adrenal morphological changes (increased volume or hyperplasia), and under certain circumstances, it results in excessive aldosterone secretion via altered adipokines (leptin, CTRP1, etc.).

Plasma Nesfatin-1 Level in Obese Patients after Acupuncture: A Randomised Controlled Trial

2014 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 313-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongfang Guo ◽  
Mingqing Xing ◽  
Wenjuan Sun ◽  
Xiaoyan Yuan ◽  
Hongyan Dai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Control ◽  
Serum Insulin ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Diet Group ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Obese Adults ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
The Relationship

Background Nesfatin-1 is an anorexigenic hormone suggested to regulate obesity. Objective To investigate the relationship between nesfatin-1 level and anthropometric and metabolic parameters in obese patients, and examine the change in plasma nesfatin-1 level after acupuncture treatment. Methods 64 obese adult patients without diabetes and 58 normal weight control subjects were enrolled in this study. The obese patients were randomly divided into an acupuncture plus diet group (n=32) and a diet only group (n=32). Measurements were repeated after 45 days. Results Body mass index (BMI), waist and hip circumferences, serum insulin, lipoprotein and insulin resistance measures were significantly higher, and plasma nesfatin-1 level was significantly lower, in obese patients than in normal weight controls. In addition, negative correlations were found between plasma nesfatin-1 level and BMI, waist and hip circumferences. Weight reduction in participants after acupuncture and diet restriction was 7.0% and 4.3%, respectively. Plasma nesfatin-1 level increased from 2.75±1.16 to 3.44±1.28 ng/mL and from 2.86±1.07 to 3.23±1.06 ng/mL in acupuncture and diet groups, respectively; the difference was significant, p<0.05. Conclusions Plasma nesfatin-1 level is reduced in obese adults, and is increased after acupuncture. The beneficial effect of acupuncture on obesity is associated with increased plasma nesfatin-1 level.

A universal formula based on cystatin C to perform individual dosing of carboplatin in normal weight, underweight, and obese patients

2009 ◽  
Vol 27 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 2527-2527
Author(s):  
E. Chatelut ◽  
A. Schmitt ◽  
A. Lansiaux ◽  
C. Bobin-Dubigeon ◽  
M. Etienne-Grimaldi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Lean Body Mass ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Cystatin C ◽  
Ideal Body Weight ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Percentage Error ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Analysis ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Ideal Body

2527 Background: It has recently been shown that it is possible to improve the prediction of carboplatin clearance by adding plasma cystatin C level (cysC), an endogenous marker of glomerular filtration rate, to the other patient characteristics routinely used for carboplatin individual dosing, namely serum creatinine (Scr), body weight (BW), age, and sex. This multi-center pharmacokinetic study was performed to evaluate prospectively the benefit of using cysC for carboplatin individual dosing. Methods: The 357 patients included in the study were receiving carboplatin as part of established protocols. A population pharmacokinetic analysis was performed using the NONMEM program. Seven covariates were studied: Scr, cysC, age, sex, BW, ideal body weight, and lean body mass. Results: The best covariate equation was: carboplatin clearance (mL/min) = 105. (Scr/75)-0.433. (cysC/1.00)-0.290 . (BW/65)+0.547 . (age/56)-0.351 . 0.855sex, with Scr in μmol/L, cysC in mg/L, BW in kg, age in years, and sex = 0 for male. Using an alternative weight descriptor (ideal body weight or lean body mass) did not improve the prediction. This final covariate model was validated by bootstrap analysis. The bias (mean percentage error) and imprecision (mean absolute percentage error) were +2% and 15% respectively on the total population, and were of a similar magnitude in each of the three subgroups of patients defined according to their body mass index. Conclusions: For the first time, a unique formula is proposed for carboplatin individual dosing to patients which is shown to be equally valid for underweight, normal weight, and obese patients. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

scholarly journals Levels of keratinocyteand fibroblast-derived chemokines in skin cells isolated from abdominoplasty surgical materials from patients with normal weight and obesity

2020 ◽  
pp. 47-53
Author(s):  
А.Е. Копасов ◽  
Е.Н. Волкова ◽  
С.Н. Блохин ◽  
С.Г. Морозов
Keyword(s):  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Becton Dickinson ◽  
Skin Cells ◽  
Inflammatory Chemokines ◽  
Normal Body Weight ◽  
Body Weight Index

Цель работы - определение уровня хемокинов, ассоциированных с фибробластами и кератиноцитами, в клетках кожи, выделеных из операционного материала при абдоминопластике у пациенток с нормальной массой тела и ожирением. Методика. Для исследования использовали фрагменты кожи пациенток с нормальной массой тела и ожирением. Степень ожирения оценивали по индексу массы тела (ИМТ) согласно международным критериям. ИМТ, принятый в исследовании за норму, составлял 19,8±1,7 кг/м2, для пациенток с ожирением - 38,3±4,1 кг/м2. Клетки выделяли путем ферментативной обработки коллагеназой II. Проводили иммунотипирование клеток моноклональными антителами меченными флуоресцентными красителями. Использовали антитела к хемокинам семейства CXCL (R&D systems) и CCL (Boeringer Ingelheim, Германия). Меченные флуоресцентными красителями иммунотипированные клетки анализировали на проточном цитометре FACSCalibur (Becton Dickinson, США) по программе SimulSet. Статистический анализ проводили по программе ANOVA. Результаты. Были проанализированы хемокины семейства CCL и CXCL, секретируемые кератиноцитами и фибробластами кожи. Показано, что в коже пациенток с ожирением повышен процент клеток, экспрссирующих рецепторы CXCR3, CXCR4, CCR3, CCR10, регулирующие секрецию хемокинов кератиноцитами и фибробластами кожи. При ожирении в клетках кожи повышен уровень хемокинов CXCL8, CXCL9, CXCL10, CXCL13, CCL24 и CCL27, имеющих отношение к развитию и поддержанию воспалительного процесса в коже, а уровень хемокинов CCL17, CCL22, CCL28 снижен, что указывает на нарушение хемокиновой и цитокиновой регуляции при ожирении и является основой для развития послеоперационных осложнений при абдоминопластике. Заключение. Полученные данные указывают на нарушение хемокиновой регуляции при ожирении, что способствует развитию послеоперационных осложнений при абдоминопластике. The aim of the study was to compare chemokine expression in skin cells obtained from patients with normal body weight and obesity after abdominoplasty. Methods. Obesity was determined by body weight index (normal, 19.8±1.7 kg/m2; obesity, 38.3±4.1 kg/m2). Only skin without subcutaneous fat was isolated from surgical material. The skin cells obtained from surgical material were stained with monoclonal antibodies to chemokines. Fluorescence of proteins and receptors was analyzed by flow cytometry. Statistical analysis was performed with ANOVA. Results. Keratinocyte- and fibroblast-derived chemokines of the CCL and CXCL families were analyzed. Percentage of cells expressing CXCR3, CXCR4, CCR3, and CCR10 receptors (regulators of chemokine secretion by keratinocytes and skin fibroblasts) was increased in the skin of obese patients. Expression of the pro-inflammatory chemokines, CXCL8, CXCL9, CXCL10, CXCL13, CCL24, and CCL27, was increased in skin cells from obese patients. Obesity was associated with reduced expression of the chemokines CCL17, CCL22, and CCL28 in skin cells. Conclusion. Chemokine regulation is disturbed in obesity, which may underlie the development of complications after abdominal surgery.

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