scholarly journals Productivity characteristics of F1 ornamental progenies between Fragaria × ananassa Duchesne ex Rozier. and Potentilla nepalensis Hook

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 00003
Author(s):  
Elena Ambros ◽  
Tatyana Novikova
Keyword(s):  
Winter Hardiness ◽  
Fragaria Ananassa ◽  
Siberian Region ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Fruit Crop ◽  
Good Taste

The current study presents the results of the evaluation of the productivity characteristics of pink-flowered F1 progenies obtained as a result of hybridization between Fragaria × ananassa Duchesne ex Rozier. and Potentilla nepalensis Hook. Based on the selection results, a hybrid fund of four promising pink-flowered strawberries forms with increased winter hardiness was created. The samples possess stable fruit crop, form plentiful flower stalks, form rather large fruits with good taste, and are appropriate for further inclusion in breeding programs in order to obtain a culture of decorative and fruit purposes in the conditions of the Siberian region.

scholarly journals Effect of combined seasonal coverage on northern production of strawberry (Fragaria ananassa Duch)

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 148-155
Author(s):  
Eivind Uleberg ◽  
Inger Martinussen ◽  
Ragnar Samuelsen
Keyword(s):  
Ground Cover ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Total Production ◽  
Fragaria Ananassa ◽  
Combined Treatments ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Plant Coverage ◽  
Berry Size ◽  
Berry Quality

Two field trials with five strawberry cultivars planted on a woven black polyfibre ground cover sheet with or without translucent sheet plant coverage during winter and the growing season as combined treatments were started in 2004 and 2005. In total, nine different cultivars were included in the two fields. One early cv. ‘Polka’ and one late cv. ‘Korona’ acted as standard cultivars, while the other cultivars were new, named or labelled selections from Norwegian, Finnish and Swedish breeding programs. Winter survival, spring vigour, earliness, saleable and total berry yield, berry size and berry quality were registered for three years. The cultivars differed in earliness, berry size, yield (gram per plant) and total production (sum of all years). A combination of fibre sheet winter and spring coverage and more open net sheet harvest season coverage showed favourable results for overwintering, earliness and berry yield, and enhanced the ripening process in all cultivars.

scholarly journals Introduction of Orel red currant varieties into the West-Siberian region

2020 ◽  
Vol 192 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-42
Author(s):  
O. Golyayeva
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
South Urals ◽  
Crop Breeding ◽  
Siberian Region ◽  
The West ◽  
Fruit Crop ◽  
Russian Research Institute ◽  
Red Currant ◽  
Russian Research ◽  
Research Institute

Abstract. The results of the state testing of red currant varieties in the Prokopievsky Fruit-Berry State Station of Variety Testing (West-Siberian region) in 2015–2017 are presented. The task of the research was to test the Russian Research Institute of Fruit Crop Breeding red currant varieties in the soil-climatic conditions of the West-Siberian region. Methods. 13 varieties from the All-Russian Research Institute of Fruit Crop Breeding (Orel region), 5 varieties from the Novosibirsk Zonal Fruit-Berry Experimental Station (Novosibirsk region) and 3 varieties from the South-Urals Research Institute of Fruit and Potato Growing (Chelyabinsk) were studied. The red currant variety “Red Cross” in the West-Siberian region was taken as a standard. The observations and records were carried out according to the Methods of the state variety testing of agricultural crops. Results. For three year of the study, on the average, the productivity of the standard was 63.3 centner per hectare. The varieties from the former Novosibirsk Zonal Fruit-Berry Experimental Station “Valensiya”, “Khrustyashchaya” and “Eliza” were on the same level of productivity with the standard, while “Rozita” was inferior to the standard. The varieties from the South-Urals Research Institute of Fruit and Potato Growing significantly exceeded the standard in terms of the crop load: “Ilyinka”, “Ural’skaya krasnaya” and “Ural’skaya belaya” (93.3–84.4 centner/ha). The varieties from the All-Russian Research Institute of Fruit Crop Breeding had higher rate of productivity: 122.5 centner/ha (“Marmeladnitza” – 102.6 centner/ha (white-fruit variety “Belka”). “Gollandskaya krasnaya”, “Khrustyashchaya”, “Belka”, “Uralskaya belaya” and “Roza” are characterized by a dessert taste (5.0 point). In conditions of the Kemerovo region the varieties “Asya”, “Dar Orla”, “Dana”, “Ilyinka”, “Marmeladnitza”, “Orlovchanka”, “Podarok leta”, “Ural’skaya krasavitsa”, “Niva” and “Belka” are characterized by large size of fruit with maximal berry weight of 0.9–1.3 g. “Ilyinka”, “Marmeladnitsa”, “Ural’skaya krasnaya”, “Belka” and “Ural’skaya belaya” demonstrated a complex resistance the main diseases of red currants- anthracnose and septoria. Scientific novelty and practical importance. The results of the introduction showed that the All-Russian Research Institute of Fruit Crop Breeding red currant varieties have high environmental adaptability to the conditions of the sharply continental climate. As a result of the testing, the varieties “Asya”, “Dana”, “Marmeladnitsa”, “Orlovchanka”, “Dar Orla” and “Podarok leta” (Orel breeding) are included in the State Register of breeding achievements admitted for use in the West-Siberian region.

ECOLOGICAL AND BIOLOGICAL FEATURES OF THE PINE PLANTS VARIETIES OF THE PICEA GENUS IN ASSESSMENT OF THE PROSPECTS OF THEIR DISTRIBUTION IN THE ORYOL REGION

1970 ◽  
pp. 30-34
Author(s):  
O. Yu. Emelyanova ◽  
М. F. Tsoy ◽  
L. I. Masalova ◽  
G. А. Pavlenkova ◽  
А. N. Firsov
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Woody Plants ◽  
Winter Hardiness ◽  
Crop Breeding ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Fruit Crop ◽  
Biological Features ◽  
Russian Research Institute ◽  
Russian Research

Selection and introduction of a new high-quality range of plants that can grow in modern conditions is the main goal of studying plants in the genetic collection of the arboretum of the Russian Research Institute of Fruit Crop Breeding (VNIISPK), which includes more than 300 species, forms and varieties of woody plants. The class of coniferous plants, which makes up 25% of the total number of taxa, is represented by three families and nine genera, one of which is Picea A. Dietr. The analysis of ecological and biological features was carried out for 10 native and introduced plant species of this genus in the collection of the VNIISPK arboretum. All the studied species and forms had high winter hardiness, with the exception of Picea omorica (Pancic) Purcyne. With the loss of decorativeness, the Picea canadensis Britt was damaged by pests; Picea omorica (Pancic) Purcyne. was affected by diseases. Two highly decorative genotypes that are resistant to a complex of adverse environmental factors have been identified for use in landscaping of objects of various purposes in the Orel region: P. abies f. cristata (L.) H. Karst and P. pungens f. glauca Reg. For landscape gardens and parks, it is also recommended to use the P. abies f. virgata (Jacq.) Casp.

scholarly journals The Breeding of Winter-Hardy Malting Barley

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1415
Author(s):  
Eric J. Stockinger
Keyword(s):  
Spring Barley ◽  
Winter Hardiness ◽  
Winter Barley ◽  
Malting Barley ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Barley Breeding ◽  
Field Environment ◽  
Two Generations ◽  
A Current ◽  
Made In

In breeding winter malting barley, one recurring strategy is to cross a current preferred spring malting barley to a winter barley. This is because spring malting barleys have the greatest amalgamation of trait qualities desirable for malting and brewing. Spring barley breeding programs can also cycle their material through numerous generations each year—some managing even six—which greatly accelerates combining desirable alleles to generate new lines. In a winter barley breeding program, a single generation per year is the limit when the field environment is used and about two generations per year if vernalization and greenhouse facilities are used. However, crossing the current favored spring malting barley to a winter barley may have its downsides, as winter-hardiness too may be an amalgamation of desirable alleles assembled together that confers the capacity for prolonged cold temperature conditions. In this review I touch on some general criteria that give a variety the distinction of being a malting barley and some of the general trends made in the breeding of spring malting barleys. But the main objective of this review is to pull together different aspects of what we know about winter-hardiness from the seemingly most essential aspect, which is survival in the field, to molecular genetics and gene regulation, and then finish with ideas that might help further our insight for predictability purposes.

NEW STONE FRUIT VARIETIES OF VNIISPK SELECTION

1970 ◽  
pp. 4-7
Author(s):  
А. А. Gulyaeva ◽  
I. N. Efremov
Keyword(s):  
High Resistance ◽  
Genetic Basis ◽  
Sweet Cherry ◽  
Import Substitution ◽  
Sour Cherry ◽  
Brown Rot ◽  
Winter Hardiness ◽  
Recovery Capacity ◽  
Good Taste ◽  
Early Ripening

In the Central Chernozem Region (CCR) the interest in adaptive and productive stone crop varieties with fruit of high quality increases. The fruits of these crops are used fresh and for different processing. The fruits contain not only sugars and organic acids but also biochemical active substances, vitamins C, B, B2, B9, P, β-carotene and many others, what is of interest not only as food but also as medicinal crops. In this article we describe economical and biological characteristics of three sour cherry varieties, two sweet cherry varieties, one plum and one apricot developed in the frames of VNIISPK breeding program. These varieties are not yet sufficiently widespread in CCR. Their introduction into the assortment of this region will allow increasing the domestic fruit production and contribute to import substitution. Sour cherry variety Businka was developed on a new genetic basis F2 with using Maaka remote cherry species in crossings. Businka is characterized by high resistance to fungal diseases, winter hardiness, productivity and good fruit quality. Sour cherry variety Kapelka was developed on a new genetic basis F2 with using Maaka remote cherry species in crossings. It is characterized by high winter hardiness, productivity, high resistance to coccomyces and brown rot. Sour cherry Putinka is characterized by large attractive and tasty fruit, productivity and resistance to coccomyces and brown rot. Orlovskaya Feya is a sweet cherry variety of early ripening with dark-red fruit of good taste. Podarok Orlu is a sweet cherry variety of early ripening; its fruit are of high marketable and consumer qualities. Plum variety Kromskaya combines good taste, large fruit and high yields. Apricot Kunach is characterized by good productivity, winter hardiness and high recovery capacity after severe winters.

scholarly journals Cereus peruvianus (Koubo) new cactus fruit for the world

2014 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yosef Mizrahi
Keyword(s):  
Southern California ◽  
Research Study ◽  
Fruit Crop ◽  
Columnar Cacti ◽  
Intensive Research ◽  
Good Taste ◽  
The World ◽  
Semi Arid

Several different species of the columnar cacti of the genera Stenocereus and Pachycereus, were introduced into different semi-arid ecozones in Israel and most of these efforts were of disappointing outcomes, the only exception being the Cereus peruvianus (L.) Miller,which bore plenty of fruits, some of them of good taste. The original seeds of this plant were obtained from the late Mr. Amram (Ron) Kodish, who collected seeds from various private gardens in Southern California which bore fruits of reasonable qualities. The initial success of this species led us to initiate an intensive research study, and today it is already fruit-crop, marketed mainly in Israel under the name " Koubo" . This paper will describe our work of domestication of this new cactus fruit crop in Israel.

scholarly journals A NEW PROMISING VARIETY OF BEANS OF THE SIBERIAN VEGETABLE SELECTION NURSE

2020 ◽  
pp. 42-47
Author(s):  
O. E. Yakubenko ◽  
O. V. Parkina
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Biochemical Analysis ◽  
Hybrid Population ◽  
Siberian Region ◽  
Green Beans ◽  
New Variety ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Good Taste ◽  
Early Ripening ◽  
Shoulder Blade

A description of a promising new variety of vegetable beans suitable for cultivation in the conditions of the Siberian region is presented. Work on the evaluation of promising samples has been carried out at the Novosibirsk State Agrarian University since 2000; annually, samples are compared with the best varieties of Siberian breeding. A new promising variety F135 (Nurse) was selected, which was transferred to the state variety test. A promising variety of Nursing was bred at the Department of Selection, Genetics and Forestry of Novosibirsk State Agrarian University by individual selection from a hybrid population by crossing highly productive, adaptive, early ripening varieties of German vegetable beans Maxi and Rocquentcant. The data on the evaluation of a promising sample of vegetable beans by qualitative and quantitative parameters are presented. The assessment was carried out in accordance with the recommended methods. The advantages of the new variety Nurse by the main economically valuable characteristics are established in comparison with the standard variety. The sample belongs to the early ripeness group. The period from full germination to technical ripeness is 40 days. A promising sample of the Nurse has high indicators of manufacturability and productivity when grown in Siberian conditions. The variety is characterized by the ease of separation of the green shoulder blade during the period of technical ripeness, the friendly formation of high-quality green beans. The height of the plant reaches 45 cm, and the height of attachment of the lower bean is more than 12 cm. The green shoulder blade is characterized by good taste, parchment layer and fiber in the seam are not formed. Biochemical analysis of the green scapula showed that the promising Nurse grade exceeds the standard for the content of protein, dry matter, ascorbic acid and sugar.

RESULTS OF STEP CROSSES IN SELECTION OF PEAR DWARFISM DONORS

2021 ◽  
Vol 64 ◽  
pp. 40-45
Author(s):  
Т. A. Khrykina ◽  
E. A. Dolmatov
Keyword(s):  
Winter Hardiness ◽  
Fungal Diseases ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Russian Research Institute ◽  
Red Color ◽  
Conventional Technology ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Group Resistance ◽  
Resistance To Fungal Diseases

The article presents the results of 20 years of research on the implementation of a project to create pear varieties and complex donors of monogenously determined dwarfism (gene D) with high winter hardiness, group resistance to fungal diseases — scab (Venturia pirina Aderh., brownish (Entomosporium maculatum Lev.) and Septoria (Septoria piricola Desm.) and bright red color of fruits (gene C). The research was conducted according to generally accepted methods in the pear breeding gardens of Russian Research Institute for Fruit Crop Breeding in 2000-2019. The study objects were populations of hybrid pear seedlings obtained from targeted crosses of highly adaptive forms and hybrids of pears with descendants of the 4th generation of the Karlikovaya Zelyonaya variety (Nain Vert), heterozygous for the dwarfism gene (Dd) in the first stage, and hybrid seedlings from crossing a DK-2 donor with sources of good fruit taste in the second stage. The aim of the research was to identify winter-hardy complex donors of dwarfism for further use in breeding programs for the creation of intensive pear varieties. Seedlings were grown using conventional technology in a breeding garden on a plot with dark gray forest soil. As a result of research for further use in breeding as complex donors of dwarfism, winter hardiness, group resistance to fungal diseases and red color of fruits, 3 forms were selected in the second stage of crosses (DK-1-6-57, DK-1-674, DK-1-4-38). Their use in long-term innovative breeding programs for the creation of intensive pear varieties will allow to conduct rejections at the early stages of ontogenesis and thereby to reduce the volume of hybrid families by 2-4 times. These complex donors are briefly characterized. 

A method to assess cold acclimation and freezing tolerance in asparagus seedlings

2012 ◽  
Vol 92 (2) ◽  
pp. 271-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik J. Landry ◽  
David. J. Wolyn
Keyword(s):  
Cold Acclimation ◽  
Freezing Tolerance ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Winter Hardiness ◽  
Cultivar Differences ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Controlled Environments ◽  
Superior Genotypes ◽  
Proline Concentration

Landry, E. J. and Wolyn, D. J. 2012. A method to assess cold acclimation and freezing tolerance in asparagus seedlings. Can. J. Plant Sci. 92: 271–277. Assessment of winter-hardiness using field-grown asparagus is complicated by variable, yearly climatic conditions and the large crown growing below the soil surface. The development of a seedling assay in controlled environments would be beneficial to study the physiology of winter-hardiness and to facilitate the selection of superior genotypes in breeding programs. Two cultivars, Guelph Millennium (GM) and Jersey Giant (JG), with differing patterns of autumn fern senescence in the field, where GM senesces earlier than JG, were compared. Seedlings were analyzed for physiological parameters after cold acclimation (10°C day/5°C night) or cold acclimation followed by sub-freezing (3°C to −3°C) in controlled environment chambers. Cold acclimation induced greater chlorophyll loss in GM than JG, consistent with previous field observations. LT50, the temperature at which 50% mortality occurs, decreased to approximately −8°C for both cultivars after the initial cold acclimation treatment. Subsequent subfreezing acclimation increased the LT50 for JG to −5°C, decreased freezing tolerance, while that for GM did not change. Early senescence and high proline concentration as well as stable protein and reducing sugar concentrations were associated with the freezing tolerance observed in GM. Further studies are required to establish if the cultivar differences for freezing tolerance identified here are correlated with experiments from field-grown plants.

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