scholarly journals Efficiency of growth biostimulators in production of planting material of northern white cedar

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. 04009
Author(s):  
N.A. Lopachev ◽  
V.T. Lobkov ◽  
V.P. Naumkin ◽  
A.L. Bykov

An assessment of the efficacy of preparations (Kornevin, SP; Albit, TPS; Epin-extra) in the production of planting material of Northern white cedar by vegetative propagation with wood cuttings under the conditions of the Central Black Earth Region of the Russian Federation is given on the example of the Orel region. All the studied preparations had a significant effect on the rooting process of cuttings. The obtained and analyzed data of phenological observations showed that the greatest effect on the acceleration of the onset of the of root formation phase had preparation “Albit, TPS”, 3-4 weeks earlier than the control. The number of formed cuttings and their length were also mainly influenced by “Albit, TPS”, which increased the average number of roots by 3 pcs., and their average length by 44 mm, in comparison with the control. The effect of the use of the biostimulator “Albit, TPS” had a significant influence on the number of established cuttings, providing 20 rooted cuttings or 28% more than in the control.

2021 ◽  
pp. 3-8
Author(s):  
Ю.А. Шнейдер ◽  
Е.В. Каримова ◽  
Ю.Н. Приходько ◽  
Е.Н. Лозовая ◽  
Т.С. Живаева

Томат – важнейшая овощная культура с ежегодным увеличением объемов его производства во всем мире. В Российской Федерации последние несколько лет активно развиваются предприятия защищенного грунта, специализирующиеся на производстве томатов. Вместе с тем растения томата поражают более 200 различных вредителей и болезней. Возбудители вирусных болезней растений – важный ограничивающий фактор для многих отраслей растениеводства, в том числе овощеводства. В последние годы в европейских странах производство томатов в открытом и защищенном грунте пострадало от серьезных потерь, вызванных, главным образом, вирусными фитопатогенами. В статье представлен обзор трех наиболее опасных вирусов, возбудителей болезней томатов – коричневой морщинистости плодов томата, мозаики пепино, пятнистого увядания томата. Эти вирусы неоднократно были выявлены в целом ряде стран практически на всех континентах и вызвали значительные экономические потери в странах своего распространения. Ввиду очень быстрого распространения и обнаружения опасных вирусов томата в ряде стран, занимающихся производством и дальнейшим экспортом семян и плодов томатов, Федеральная служба по ветеринарному и фитосанитарному надзору Российской Федерации (Россельхознадзор) с 27 июля 2020 года ввела в качестве временной карантинной фитосанитарной меры требование об отсутствии этих вирусов в семенах, посадочном материале и плодах растений-хозяев при их ввозе и перемещении по территории Российской Федерации. Результаты анализов фитосанитарного риска, проведенных в ФГБУ «ВНИИКР» в 2020 году, показали, что вирусы коричневой морщинистости плодов томата, мозаики пепино и пятнистого увядания томата соответствуют критериям карантинных для Российской Федерации организмов, вирусы способны проникнуть на территорию страны с подкарантинной продукцией, распространиться и нанести существенный ущерб развитию сельского хозяйства и экономической деятельности страны. Tomato is the most important vegetable crop with an annual increase in its production worldwide. In the Russian Federation, greenhouse industry specializing in the production of tomatoes have been actively developing over the past few years. At the same time, tomato plants affect more than 200 different pests and diseases. Pathogens of viral diseases of plants are an important limiting factor for many branches of crop production, including vegetable growing. In recent years, in European countries, the production of tomatoes in open field and greenhouses has suffered from serious losses caused mainly by viral phytopathogens. The article presents an overview of the three most dangerous viruses, pathogens of tomato diseases – tomato brown rugose fruit virus (ToBRFV), pepino mosaic virus (PepMV) and tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV). These viruses have been repeatedly detected in a number of countries on almost all continents and have caused significant economic losses in the countries of their distribution. In view of the very rapid spread and detection of dangerous tomato viruses in a number of countries engaged in the production and further export of tomato seeds and fruits, Rosselkhoznadzor, from July 27, 2020, introduced as a temporary quarantine phytosanitary measure the requirement that these viruses are not present in seeds, planting material and fruits of host plants when they are imported and moved through the territory of the Russian Federation. The results of the phytosanitary risk analyses conducted at the Federal State Budgetary Institution «VNIIKR» in 2020 showed that ToBRFV, PepMV and TSWV meet the criteria of quarantine organisms for the Russian Federation, viruses are able to enter the territory of the country with quarantined products, spread and cause significant damage to the development of agriculture and economic activity of the country.


2020 ◽  
pp. 12-18
Author(s):  
V. A. Evdakov ◽  
◽  
M. N. Banteva ◽  
E. M. Manoshkina ◽  
Y. Y. Melnikov ◽  
...  

The steady growth trend of oncological diseases in Russia in recent years requires a response from the health care system: development of prevention aimed at early detection of diseases; improvement of methods of diagnostics and treatment of oncopathology; improving the quality and effectiveness of medical care. A i m : to identify trends in changes of the neoplasms incidence and performance indicators of oncological beds for round-the-clock stay of the state health care system in the Russian Federation, federal districts and regions of the Russian Federation in dynamics for 2010–2019. M a t e r i a l s a n d m e t h o d s . Using the data of federal statistical observation (forms NoNo. 12, 30) by the method of descriptive statistics, the main indicators of the neoplasms incidence in the population are analyzed, as well as the work of round-the-clock oncological beds in the Russian Federation, federal districts and regions of the Russian Federation in dynamics for 2010–2019. R e s u l t s . On the background of an increase in the neoplasms incidence in the population (by 24.9%), including malignant (1.5 times), for the period 2010–2019 in the Russian Federation increased: the absolute number of oncology beds of round-the-clock stay from 30,970 to 36,186 (+ 16.8%), the provision with these beds from 2.17 to 2.47 per 10,000 population (+ 13.8%), hospitalization rate from 6.1 to 9.6 per 1000 population (+ 57.4%), and decreased: the average length of stay in an oncological bed (from 12.1 days to 8.4 – by 30.6%), as well as the average bed occupancy per year (from 345 to 330 days – by 4.3%). The extreme values of the indicators of the hospitalization rate for round-the-clock oncological beds in the regions of the Russian Federation in 2019 differ 12.8 times, the provision of these beds – 9.2 times, the average bed occupancy per year – 1.5 times, the average length of stay in a bed – 2.4 times. Mortality in oncological hospital beds increased from 0.76% in 2010 to 0.95% in 2019 (by 25%). C o n c l u s i o n . The 24-hour oncological bed capacity, against the background of the growth of oncological morbidity, has naturally increased, but at the same time it is characterized by an extreme disproportionality of development in the Federal Districts and the regions of the Russian Federation. Optimization of the bed fund should be carried out based on the objective needs of a particular region, taking into account its characteristics and with the simultaneous development of alternative medical services.


Author(s):  
Vitalii Motsok

The articledeals withthe efforts of the Russian Federation, which is pushing the concept of “sovereign authoritarianism”,to resist democracy promotion under the conditions of “Ukraine Crisis”. The author emphasizes that the ideological component plays an important role for the global geopolitical fight. In particluar, ideological basis of geopolitical struggle for Ukraine has a significant influence and largely determines the course of confrontation between the main global players, namely: the collective West and Russia. Russian Federation has developed its own concept of the non-liberal regime and the mechanisms of its external projection as a way to counter the democracy promotion. By the end of 2017, Russia`s “sovereign authoritarianism” shows its sufficient effectiveness to contain democracy promotion efforts towards Ukraine under the conditions of the “Ukraine Crisis” and in the wider context of European and Euro-Atlantic integration of Ukraine. Keywords: “Ukraine crisis”, democracy promotion, sovereign authoritarianism, Ukraine, Russia


2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-86
Author(s):  
Антон Пинаев ◽  
Anton Pinaev

Tourism in the Russian Federation is developing rapidly, exerting a significant influence on socio-economic processes of the regions. This influence can be followed especially strong in certain types of tourism: rural tourism and of one of its directions - agro-tourism. Today, agrotourism is quite new trend of territory development, including and Moscow region, but it has already proven itself. The Moscow region has enormous resources and great, but at the same time not fully realized potential, unique cultural heritage, history and unique nature for the possible development of agro-tourism. The Moscow region has enormous resources and great, but at the same time not fully realized potential, unique cultural heritage, history and nature. All this can be used for agrotourism development. Moscow region occupies a worthy place in the Russian Federation by the number of sites of cultural heritage. The famous manor complexes, the city with unique architecture, historical monuments and other are situated in the region. The article considers the potential of agrotourism of Moscow region, the available resources and agro-tourism complexes that are already working across the territory of localities near Moscow. Moscow region has all development prerequisites for this type of tourism. This conclusion can be done based on what has already been achieved in this area. Such well-known agrotourism complexes as "Kuznetsova", "Konovalovo", "Olkhovo" are the examples.


2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 43-49
Author(s):  
E. Manoshkina ◽  
M. Bant'eva ◽  
V. Kuznecova

. For the period 2010-2018, the number of cardiac macroglobulinov stay in the Russian Federation decreased from 55477 before 49578 (10.6%),polysilazane hospitalizations for cardiac beds (from 9.3 to 10.8 per 1,000 population – 16.1%),decreased provision of cardiological beds (from 3.88 to 3.38 per 1000 population – by 12.9%), the average length of stay for cardiac bed (from 13.1 to 9.1 tnado – by 26.0%) and average employment cardiology bed per year (from 340 to 327 days – 3.8%). Mortality in cardiac beds in the Russian Federation decreased from 1.96% in 2010 to 1.89% in 2018 (by 3.6%).The provision of places for the Russian population in day hospitals of cardiological profile of organizations providing medical care in inpatient conditions increased by 19.6% (from 0.12 per 10,000 population in 2010 to 0.14 in 2018), and in day hospitals of organizations providing medical care in outpatient conditions decreased by 11.5% (from 0.15 per 10,000 population in 2014 up to 0.14 in 2018).In the Russian Federation, during the observation period, the level of hospitalizations in day hospitals of organizations providing medical care in inpatient conditions increased by 43.6%, and the GVA of the cardiological profile of organizations providing medical care in outpatient conditions increased by 5.2%. The dynamics of indicators of the bed Fund of cardiology profile in recent years indicates the process of inpatient replacement, which is undoubtedly one of the ways to improve the efficiency of using health resources.


2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 46-49
Author(s):  
Yuriy Mel'nikov ◽  
M. Bant'eva ◽  
A. Smyshlyaev

The process of reducing round-the-clock bed fund with simultaneous development of hospital-replacing technologies, namely daily stay hospitals, has been going on in the Russian Federation, for more than twenty-five years, a similar trend has been observed in recent decades in most developed countries of the world. From 2010 to 2018 provision of the population with beds of daily stay hospitals in the Russian Federation moderately increased from 15.4 per 10,000 to 17.0 (an increase of 10.7%). Hospitalization rate of the population in daily stay hospitals in the country increased from 41.9 per 1,000 population in 2010 to 56.3 in 2018 (an increase of 34.5%). At the same time, the average bed occupancy per year in daily stay hospitals for the study period decreased from 311 days to 301 days (the decrease was 3.1%). The average length of stay in daily hospitals bed decreased from 11.4 to 10.1 days (the decrease was 11.7%). The positive dynamics of most of the studied indicators testifies to the development of the network of daily stay hospitals in the Russian Federation, the negative point is the reduction of average bed occupancy per year, what may indicate a decrease of the intensity of use of the bed fund of daily stay hospitals in the country.


2014 ◽  
Vol 704 ◽  
pp. 85-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.P. Vasilyev ◽  
N.V. Peskov ◽  
V.F. Gornov ◽  
M.V. Kolesova ◽  
A.N. Dmitriev ◽  
...  

This paper contains the results of research, carried out with financial support from the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation and dedicated to improving the energy efficiency of Moscow subway facilities and creation of stations with "zero" external sources heat consumption. The paper presents a method of simulation of the thermal conditions for subway tunnels, which allows, overcoming the difficulties associated with the informative uncertainty of baseline data, as well as difficulties associated with the approximation of the external parameters. Advantage of this method is the fact that the usage of so-called "base" experimentally obtained information about the natural soil thermal conditions in this model, can partially take into account the whole range of factors, which have significant influence on the formation of the thermal regime of the tunnel but are almost impossible to be taken into account within the strict formulation of the problem today.


Author(s):  
Yu. V. Trunov ◽  
A. V. Soloviev ◽  
R. V. Papikhin ◽  
M. L. Dubrovsky ◽  
I. N. Shamshin

Breeding work in the Michurinsk State Agrarian University (MSAU) is based on one of the eff ective strategies for producing high-quality planting material for establishment of intensive perennial fruit plantations – the use of apple varieties and clone stocks that are highly resistant to extreme factors and immune to diseases. As a result of many years of breeding work, the MSAU is the originator of 24 forms of clonal stocks (out of 46 forms allowed for cultivation in the Russian Federation) and the patent holder of 8 stocks. In 2018, 4 apple clonal rootstocks (70-20-20, 70-20-21, 71-7-22, 75- 1-62) were included in the State Register of Breeding Achievements admitted to cultivation on the territory of the Russian Federation. The main requirements for apple stocks for intensive orchards are high resistance to major environmental factors; suitability for intensive types of orchards; increased resistance to pathogens; good ability to vegetative propagation; lack of root shoots in the orchard; increase of productivity, early fruited varieties, quality of fruits. The advantages of planting material of apple trees on weak clonal rootstocks of the MSAU breeding are established: high compatibility of rootstocks with the best zoned and promising apple varieties; high frost resistance and winter hardiness of the root system, withstanding up to -16 °С – there are no foreign analogues on this basis; high resistance of stocks to the bacterial burn (unlike most foreign stocks); accelerated entry into fruiting, the onset of the period of commodity bearing fruit in the orchard on the 3rd ... 5th year; high productivity of commercial apple plantings in the conditions of Central Russia – an average of 25 to 40-50 tons / ha. For widespread introduction into production, the most studied clonal stocks of the MSAU breeding are recommended in Russia and in many countries of the world: the Paradizka Budagovsky (dwarf), 62-396 (half-dwarf), 54-118 (medium-sized). To increase the productivity and the resistance of plants and the eff ectiveness of Russian horticulture as a whole, it is necessary to create mother nurseries of apple rootstocks, free from harmful viral infections (repositories).


2021 ◽  
Vol 845 (1) ◽  
pp. 012127
Author(s):  
A A Drobyshev ◽  
V Yu Lantsev ◽  
A V Alyokhin ◽  
A A Zavrazhnov ◽  
A I Zavrazhnov

Abstract The increase in the area of orchards of intensive fruit crops in the Russian Federation is one of the priority tasks of horticulture. This requires a huge amount of quality planting material. Digging remains one of the laborious and responsible operations in the production of seedlings of fruit crops. Grubbers and diggers of various producers are used for continuous digging of seedlings. After this, the dug-in seedlings are manually removed from the soil and row and only after that the next run of the unit is possible. The authors proposed a means of mechanization, selective digging of individual varieties or rows of plants, with a winch traction using a cable. The paper provides a comparative analysis of mechanization means for selective digging of seedlings and presents a diagram and results of field tests of two types of devices to perform this operation.


2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 98-106
Author(s):  
N. N. Lomidze ◽  
V. A. Vaskovskiy ◽  
M. V. Yashkov ◽  
E. A. Artukhina ◽  
A. Sh. Revishvili

Today implantable cardiac devices (ICD) are advanced therapeutic and preventive tools ensuring the collection and transmission of statistical and diagnostic patient data. The information obtained from implanted devices allows analyzing patients’ condition, selecting optimal treatment strategy, predicting and preventing possible complications. The number of ICD recipients is rapidly growing. Over 1,000 devices per 1 million population are implanted in Europe and the US annually. In the Russian Federation this number reaches 300 devices per 1 million population. Routine medical checkups of patients with ICD should be performed 2–4 times a year, with an average length of about 20 minutes. It means that only in the Russian Federation physicians will have to work 20–40 thousand extra hours with a tendency towards its increase as this figure will grow simultaneously with growing patients’ number. Remote monitoring (RM) technologies may solve this problem. In 2000 Biotronik AG developed the world's first system for remote monitoring of anti-arrhythmic devices called the “Home Monitoring” system. It is based on the mobile RM of patients who received ICD. The information collected by the devices is transmitted to a special service center via mobile communication networks and after processing, the information is transferred to a physician’s website along with a text message and a fax. The information is instantly delivered from a patient to a physician. A closed information network "patient-service center-physician" was developed for the hospitals and their patients, providing a novel advanced monitoring and timely treatment of the patient.


Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document