scholarly journals Development of a system for automated control of oil transportation in the Arctic region to prevent the formation of paraffin deposits in pipelines

2019 ◽  
Vol 140 ◽  
pp. 07004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Kopteva ◽  
Vladimir Koptev ◽  
Vadim Malarev ◽  
Taisiya Ushkova
Keyword(s):  
Arctic Region ◽  
Electric Heating ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Oil Viscosity ◽  
Automated Control ◽  
Oil Pipeline ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Arctic Regions ◽  
Single Sensor ◽  
Measuring Unit

The paper introduces a unique methodology of preventing and controlling the formation of paraffin deposits in oil pipelines, which is a matter of urgency in regions with negative temperatures, including the Arctic regions. The paper presents the configuration and specific parameters of the developed measuring unit. The proposed measuring unit is capable of detecting the formation of a paraffin layer during its early stages and predicting its composition. Simultaneous use of two radioisotope sensors allows increasing the performance capabilities of the measuring unit, namely to detect the formation of a paraffin layer in the early stages and to issue a signal to amplify the control signal to control the oil pipeline paraffinisation. In addition, the use of a radioisotope unit instead of a single sensor will increase the accuracy of component-wise flow rate measurement, by making an allowance for paraffin deposits formation. The use of customized information processing algorithms also allows determining oil viscosity with high accuracy. The paper deals with an optimization of a system for automated control of a promising method of electric heating via the skin-cables, wherein safety factors of up to 36% are currently used, i.e. in most cases, 1/3 excess electric power is generated. The safety of using the radioisotope measuring technique is proven.

scholarly journals Revisiting Russian Presidency in the Arctic Council

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 62-68
Author(s):  
Valery Zhuravel ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Arctic Region ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Arctic Council ◽  
Shift Method ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Arctic Regions ◽  
Difficult Time ◽  
Environmental Requirements ◽  
And Control

The article notes that in the period of preparation for the chairmanship of the Arctic Council (2021–2023), in order to further develop the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation, new strategic documents, a package of benefits and preferences for business development were prepared and approved, measures were taken for the sustainable development of indigenous peoples, and to increase the role of science in Arctic research. The author draws attention to some unsolved problems of socio-economic development of the Arctic region (outflow of the population, especially young people; shortcomings of the organization of the shift method of work and centralized coordination and control of state orders and supplies to the population of hard-to-reach Arctic regions; violation of environmental requirements). It is emphasized that Russia assumes the post of chairman of the Arctic Council at a difficult time: the coronavirus pandemic, political tensions in relations with the West, including on issues of management and security of the Arctic, economic sanctions from the Arctic states, which creates certain difficulties in the activities in the Arctic direction. The author concludes that the developed program, the plan of main events, the activity of ministries and departments in the next 2 years will allow us to successfully cope with the chairmanship, show our foreign colleagues all the best that is available in the Russian Far North, and contribute to the strengthening of the Arctic Council.

scholarly journals Labour Potential of the Arctic Regions of the European Russia

2020 ◽  
pp. 10-18
Author(s):  
V. A. Shamakhov ◽  
N. M. Mezhevich ◽  
Yu. V. Romashkina ◽  
S. V. Tishkov
Keyword(s):  
Local Population ◽  
Arctic Region ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Demographic Development ◽  
Arctic Regions ◽  
European Part Of Russia ◽  
Labour Potential ◽  
Educational Potential ◽  
Labor Potential

The work considered the possibilities and directions of evolution of demographic development of the Arctic region, analyzed some characteristics of the labor potential of the population living in the Arctic regions of the European part of Russia.The purpose of the study is to substantiate the possibility of attracting the local population and the need to employment specialists from other regions of Russia for the development of the Arctic.To achieve the goal of the study, general scientifi methods were used — the collection and analysis of data from state statistics and sample surveys. The use of a systematic approach made it possible to comprehensively assess the situation on the territory under study and substantiate the possibilities for its development.Analysis of the quantitative characteristics of the labor potential of the studied regions showed a stable negative dynamics throughout the post-Soviet period. A number of reasons have been identifi  that contribute to the outfl   of population from the Arctic regions, the most important of which are the low standard of living compared to the Russian average, as well as the ineff     functioning of the mechanisms of northern guarantees and compensation. At the same time, the qualitative characteristics of labor potential, in particular, the level of education of the population can be increased due to the existing educational potential of neighboring regions.Conclusions about the need to attract people from the regions of the middle zone of Russia for the Arctic are made.

scholarly journals ‘Ancient lore with modern appliances’: networks, expertise, and the making of the Open Polar Sea, 1851–1853

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-23
Author(s):  
Nanna Katrine Lüders Kaalund ◽  
John Woitkowitz
Keyword(s):  
Arctic Region ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Comparative Approach ◽  
Arctic Regions ◽  
New Findings ◽  
History Of ◽  
Arctic Exploration ◽  
Epistemic Objects ◽  
Arctic Science

Abstract This article provides a transnational analysis of the campaigns for the organization of expeditions to the central Arctic region by the American explorer Elisha Kent Kane and the Prussian cartographer August Petermann between 1851 and 1853. By adopting a comparative approach, this study focuses on three interventions in the history of Arctic science and exploration: the construction of scientific expertise surrounding the relationship between the ‘armchair’ and the field, the role of transnational networks, and the significance of maps as travelling epistemic objects in the production of knowledge about the Arctic regions. In bringing both campaigns in conversation with each other, this article demonstrates that the histories of Kane's and Petermann's campaigns did not constitute isolated episodes but form part of a transnational nexus of imperial science and Arctic exploration in the nineteenth century. Moreover, based on research in libraries and archives in the United States, Germany and England, this study reconnects otherwise siloed collections and contributes new findings on the interpersonal networks of science and exploration. Finally, this article illustrates the importance of adopting comparative transnational approaches for understanding the fluid and reciprocal nature of Arctic science throughout the transatlantic world.

The history of research and development of the Yamal region by student construction units of the USSR (1950—1970)

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (03) ◽  
pp. 192-199
Author(s):  
Alexander Prischepa ◽  
Dmitriy Vycherov
Keyword(s):  
Arctic Region ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Arctic Regions ◽  
History Of Research ◽  
History Of ◽  
Secondary Employment ◽  
The Government ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Government Construction ◽  
The Arctic Region

Rational proposals for the development of the Arctic region came not only from scientists from research institutes, but also from other specialists. A large number of hypotheses and proposals for the development of the Arctic regions of the USSR were considered. At the same time, the emphasis was made on the construction of transport hubs, including cargo-forming and storage facilities with large industrial centers in Yamal. Student construction units came to the aid of the government. Construction teams were an effective way to provide secondary employment for young people, organize leisure life, the opportunity for creative activity through the self-realization of ideas and the inclusion of youth in creative work.

Prospects for the development of international cooperation in the Arctic: main directions

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 76-83
Author(s):  
VERA I. SMORCHKOVA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
International Cooperation ◽  
Arctic Region ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Arctic Council ◽  
Governmental Organizations ◽  
Arctic Regions ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
Common Interests ◽  
The University

Over the past three decades, the Arctic has shown an unprecedented pace of international cooperation. Work in this direction takes place within the framework of the Arctic Council, the Barents Euro-Arctic Region Council (BEAC), the Northern Forum, the International Arctic Science Committee, the International Conference “Arctic Frontiers”, the Conference of Parliamentarians of the Arctic Countries, the University of the Arctic, etc. Cooperation and integration of the Arctic regions are of great importance for the social and economic development of this macro-region. United, the Arctic countries will preserve and develop territories on the principles of sustainable development. While studying the topic of the article, the author realized that the existing initiatives are not enough to meet the growing needs of the region. Today, the circumpolar region faces geopolitical, socio- economic, and environmental challenges. Changes in economic development and global warming are a serious threat to the population of the Arctic. Governmental and non-governmental organizations associated with activities in the Arctic, as well as its direct residents, are interested in international cooperation in various areas that are related to the problems of the region. The participation of countries and organizations is needed for an immediate response to changes, as well as to solve emerging problems, to pursue common interests, and to find effective mechanisms for managing emerging changes. In the article, the author also offers practical recommendations for the proper use of the potential of the Russian Arctic.

scholarly journals Environmental management and economics of the Arctic Region

2019 ◽  
Vol 110 ◽  
pp. 02058 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viacheslav Tsukerman ◽  
Elena Goryachevskaya ◽  
Stanislav Ivanov
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Management ◽  
Mineral Resources ◽  
Arctic Region ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Environmental Indicators ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Pollutant Emission ◽  
Safety Planning ◽  
Arctic Regions ◽  
The Arctic Region

In the paper, the goals, priorities and objectives of the environmental safety planning and management in the Arctic are formulated. Pollutant emission dynamics in the Arctic regions for the period 2013-2017 and implementation of target indicators stipulated by the state program “Environmental Protection” are considered. The analysis of influence of performance of the major Arctic companies mainly developing mineral resources on environmental pollution during the period under consideration is carried out. It is shown that despite environmental finances and fully implemented environmental activities, the main environmental indicators practically have not improved. The proposals to improve the management of the environmental and economic system of the Arctic for sustainable development of the region are presented.

scholarly journals Peculiarities of Financing Road Activities in the Arctic Region: the Experience of the Murmansk Oblast

2021 ◽  
pp. 36-47
Author(s):  
Natalia A. SEROVA ◽  
◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Arctic Region ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Murmansk Oblast ◽  
National Interests ◽  
Road Infrastructure ◽  
The Road ◽  
Arctic Regions ◽  
Russian State ◽  
Murmansk Region ◽  
The Arctic Region

The article presents the results of a study of the peculiarities of financing the road economy of the Murmansk region — the Arctic region, the development of transport, including road, infrastructure of which acquires particular importance in the light of the implementation of national interests and priority directions of Russian state policy in the Arctic. In the course of work, the author considered the dynamics of spending funds from the Road Fund of the Murmansk region for 2012–2020. It has been determined that the existing volume of financing of the regional road infrastructure does not allow the region to fully implement the tasks of developing road infrastructure and improving the quality of highways (primarily local ones). It is concluded that additional funds are needed to finance the road infrastructure of the Arctic regions, including through the use of public-private partnership mechanisms. The results of the study can be used in the formation of a policy in the field of road facilities in the Murmansk region, as well as in further research on the financial support of road activities and the functioning of road funds.

scholarly journals An n-Dimensional Generalization of the Rhombus Tiling

2001 ◽  
Vol DMTCS Proceedings vol. AA,... (Proceedings) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joakim Linde ◽  
Cristopher Moore ◽  
Mats G. Nordahl
Keyword(s):  
Mixing Time ◽  
Arctic Region ◽  
Physical Models ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Height Functions ◽  
The Past ◽  
Arctic Regions ◽  
Coupling From The Past ◽  
Rhombus Tiling ◽  
Random Tilings

International audience Several classic tilings, including rhombuses and dominoes, possess height functions which allow us to 1) prove ergodicity and polynomial mixing times for Markov chains based on local moves, 2) use coupling from the past to sample perfectly random tilings, 3) map the statistics of random tilings at large scales to physical models of random surfaces, and and 4) are related to the "arctic circle"' phenomenon.However, few examples are known for which this approach works in three or more dimensions.Here we show that the rhombus tiling can be generalized to n-dimensional tiles for any $n ≥ 3$. For each $n$, we show that a certain local move is ergodic, and conjecture that it has a mixing time of $O(L^{n+2} log L)$ on regions of size $L$. For $n=3$, the tiles are rhombohedra, and the local move consists of switching between two tilings of a rhombic dodecahedron.We use coupling from the past to sample random tilings of a large rhombic dodecahedron, and show that arctic regions exist in which the tiling is frozen into a fixed state.However, unlike the two-dimensional case in which the arctic region is an inscribed circle, here it seems to be octahedral.In addition, height fluctuations between the boundary of the region and the center appear to be constant rather than growing logarithmically.We conjecture that this is because the physics of the model is in a "smooth" phase where it is rigid at large scales, rather than a "rough" phase in which it is elastic.

scholarly journals Technological Windows of Opportunity for Russian Arctic Regions: Modeling and Exploitation Prospects

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 400
Author(s):  
Vera P. Samarina ◽  
Tatiana P. Skufina ◽  
Diana Yu. Savon ◽  
Svetlana S. Kudryavtseva
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Arctic Region ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Russian Arctic ◽  
Arctic Zone ◽  
Arctic Regions ◽  
Windows Of Opportunity ◽  
The Arctic Region

The problems of exploitation of technological windows of opportunity are of particular scientific and practical interest in terms of the development of Russia’s national economy, and the Arctic region, which has a strong mineral and raw materials potential, is important in terms of its use for achieving the technological and national security of the Russian state. Considering this, the study of the theoretical and methodical aspects of the development of emerging technological windows of opportunity is important and relevant for the regions of the Russian Arctic zone. The purpose of this study is to assess the potential and reserves for exploitation of the emerging technological windows of opportunity during the deployment of a new technological order by mobilizing material and human capital in the Arctic regions. Methodological tools for the study of this problem included dynamic series analysis, structural analysis, comparison, description, descriptive statistics, cross-correlation analysis, production function model and its visualization. An analytical review of scientific publications, a set of tools and methods of research, allowed to obtain the following scientific results: A significant variability in the contribution of science-intensive and high-tech industry to the formation of gross value added in the Arctic region has been revealed; meanwhile, we can note stable dynamics of the contribution of the Arctic economy to the gross domestic product (GRP) of Russia as a whole. There is a steady excess of the productivity index over the Russian average, which can be regarded as a potential for growth of high-tech components of labor in the development of the economy of the Arctic region. There is a negative statistically significant relationship between the share of the gross regional product of the Arctic in the Russian GRP and the share of gross value added (GVA) of science-intensive products in the Arctic GRP, which can be regarded as a factor preventing the exploitation of the emerging technological windows of opportunity. The construction of a model of production function of technological windows of opportunities for the Arctic zone of Russia pointed to the presence of potential in the exploitation of emerging technological windows in the Arctic zone of Russia in the development of human capital through the activation and use of high labor productivity, creating high-performance jobs. The results of the study, its findings and its proposals can be used in the development, monitoring and implementation of state federal and regional programs and projects aimed at improving the level of technology and science intensity of production in the Arctic zone, improving its competitiveness, which is highly important for the national economy.

Pedogenic Zonation in the Well-Drained Soils of the Arctic Regions

1986 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 100-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fiorenzo C. Ugolini
Keyword(s):  
Arctic Region ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Polar Regions ◽  
Arctic Regions ◽  
Arctic Alaska ◽  
Latitudinal Transect ◽  
Conjugate Bases ◽  
Pedogenic Processes ◽  
First Time

Pedogenic zonation in the soils of the polar regions is a result of gradients in environmental factors and attendant chemical processes. Along a latitudinal transect, it is best manifested at well-drained sites and by soils developed on predominantly silicate rocks. Selected sites in arctic Alaska, in the Canadian arctic, Greenland, and Svalbard adequately fulfill these prerequisites. The processes of podzolization, decarbonization-carbonization, pervection, and salinization as models of arctic pedogenesis demonstrate that processes occurring in the temperate region also operate in the Far North. Brunification, melanization, and oxidation are recognized for the first time as current geochemical and pedogenic mechanisms of the Arctic region. Traditional genetic soil names have been retained because they represent a closer relationship to pedogenic processes than the more modern nomenclature. The identification, the chemical behavior, the strength, abundance, and mobility of the proton donors and conjugate bases are keys to the genesis of soils and the distinction of contrasting soil processes. This new approach to the understanding of arctic pedogenesis can be better fulfilled by collecting, analyzing, and interpreting soil solution obtained in situ.

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