scholarly journals An n-Dimensional Generalization of the Rhombus Tiling

2001 ◽  
Vol DMTCS Proceedings vol. AA,... (Proceedings) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joakim Linde ◽  
Cristopher Moore ◽  
Mats G. Nordahl
Keyword(s):  
Mixing Time ◽  
Arctic Region ◽  
Physical Models ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Height Functions ◽  
The Past ◽  
Arctic Regions ◽  
Coupling From The Past ◽  
Rhombus Tiling ◽  
Random Tilings

International audience Several classic tilings, including rhombuses and dominoes, possess height functions which allow us to 1) prove ergodicity and polynomial mixing times for Markov chains based on local moves, 2) use coupling from the past to sample perfectly random tilings, 3) map the statistics of random tilings at large scales to physical models of random surfaces, and and 4) are related to the "arctic circle"' phenomenon.However, few examples are known for which this approach works in three or more dimensions.Here we show that the rhombus tiling can be generalized to n-dimensional tiles for any $n ≥ 3$. For each $n$, we show that a certain local move is ergodic, and conjecture that it has a mixing time of $O(L^{n+2} log L)$ on regions of size $L$. For $n=3$, the tiles are rhombohedra, and the local move consists of switching between two tilings of a rhombic dodecahedron.We use coupling from the past to sample random tilings of a large rhombic dodecahedron, and show that arctic regions exist in which the tiling is frozen into a fixed state.However, unlike the two-dimensional case in which the arctic region is an inscribed circle, here it seems to be octahedral.In addition, height fluctuations between the boundary of the region and the center appear to be constant rather than growing logarithmically.We conjecture that this is because the physics of the model is in a "smooth" phase where it is rigid at large scales, rather than a "rough" phase in which it is elastic.

scholarly journals Development of a system for automated control of oil transportation in the Arctic region to prevent the formation of paraffin deposits in pipelines

2019 ◽  
Vol 140 ◽  
pp. 07004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Kopteva ◽  
Vladimir Koptev ◽  
Vadim Malarev ◽  
Taisiya Ushkova
Keyword(s):  
Arctic Region ◽  
Electric Heating ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Oil Viscosity ◽  
Automated Control ◽  
Oil Pipeline ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Arctic Regions ◽  
Single Sensor ◽  
Measuring Unit

The paper introduces a unique methodology of preventing and controlling the formation of paraffin deposits in oil pipelines, which is a matter of urgency in regions with negative temperatures, including the Arctic regions. The paper presents the configuration and specific parameters of the developed measuring unit. The proposed measuring unit is capable of detecting the formation of a paraffin layer during its early stages and predicting its composition. Simultaneous use of two radioisotope sensors allows increasing the performance capabilities of the measuring unit, namely to detect the formation of a paraffin layer in the early stages and to issue a signal to amplify the control signal to control the oil pipeline paraffinisation. In addition, the use of a radioisotope unit instead of a single sensor will increase the accuracy of component-wise flow rate measurement, by making an allowance for paraffin deposits formation. The use of customized information processing algorithms also allows determining oil viscosity with high accuracy. The paper deals with an optimization of a system for automated control of a promising method of electric heating via the skin-cables, wherein safety factors of up to 36% are currently used, i.e. in most cases, 1/3 excess electric power is generated. The safety of using the radioisotope measuring technique is proven.

Development of Tourism in the Arctic Zone and Its Impact on Environment

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 1642
Author(s):  
Marina L. BELONOZHKO ◽  
Oleg M. BARBAKOV ◽  
Anton L. ABRAMOVSKY
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Russian Arctic ◽  
Arctic Zone ◽  
The Past ◽  
The North ◽  
Arctic Regions ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Historical Resources ◽  
Almost All

For a long time, the Arctic was considered a territory not adapted for human life (“dead earth”), impassable either by water or by land due to the climate. Currently, not only scientists, but also ordinary travelers and tourists are going to the North Pole. Today, tourism in the Arctic is one of the rapidly developing areas in the past few years. Therefore, the authors studied the development of tourism in the Arctic and its impact on the environment. It has been established that the development of ecological, cultural, scientific, extreme tourism, sport hunting, fishing and cruises is relevant for the Arctic regions. It was determined that the main problem in the development of tourism in the Russian Arctic is the transport and logistics underdevelopment of the region. But, these territories are so rich in natural, cultural, historical resources that there is the possibility of developing almost all types of tourism.

scholarly journals Revisiting Russian Presidency in the Arctic Council

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 62-68
Author(s):  
Valery Zhuravel ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Arctic Region ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Arctic Council ◽  
Shift Method ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Arctic Regions ◽  
Difficult Time ◽  
Environmental Requirements ◽  
And Control

The article notes that in the period of preparation for the chairmanship of the Arctic Council (2021–2023), in order to further develop the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation, new strategic documents, a package of benefits and preferences for business development were prepared and approved, measures were taken for the sustainable development of indigenous peoples, and to increase the role of science in Arctic research. The author draws attention to some unsolved problems of socio-economic development of the Arctic region (outflow of the population, especially young people; shortcomings of the organization of the shift method of work and centralized coordination and control of state orders and supplies to the population of hard-to-reach Arctic regions; violation of environmental requirements). It is emphasized that Russia assumes the post of chairman of the Arctic Council at a difficult time: the coronavirus pandemic, political tensions in relations with the West, including on issues of management and security of the Arctic, economic sanctions from the Arctic states, which creates certain difficulties in the activities in the Arctic direction. The author concludes that the developed program, the plan of main events, the activity of ministries and departments in the next 2 years will allow us to successfully cope with the chairmanship, show our foreign colleagues all the best that is available in the Russian Far North, and contribute to the strengthening of the Arctic Council.

scholarly journals Labour Potential of the Arctic Regions of the European Russia

2020 ◽  
pp. 10-18
Author(s):  
V. A. Shamakhov ◽  
N. M. Mezhevich ◽  
Yu. V. Romashkina ◽  
S. V. Tishkov
Keyword(s):  
Local Population ◽  
Arctic Region ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Demographic Development ◽  
Arctic Regions ◽  
European Part Of Russia ◽  
Labour Potential ◽  
Educational Potential ◽  
Labor Potential

The work considered the possibilities and directions of evolution of demographic development of the Arctic region, analyzed some characteristics of the labor potential of the population living in the Arctic regions of the European part of Russia.The purpose of the study is to substantiate the possibility of attracting the local population and the need to employment specialists from other regions of Russia for the development of the Arctic.To achieve the goal of the study, general scientifi methods were used — the collection and analysis of data from state statistics and sample surveys. The use of a systematic approach made it possible to comprehensively assess the situation on the territory under study and substantiate the possibilities for its development.Analysis of the quantitative characteristics of the labor potential of the studied regions showed a stable negative dynamics throughout the post-Soviet period. A number of reasons have been identifi  that contribute to the outfl   of population from the Arctic regions, the most important of which are the low standard of living compared to the Russian average, as well as the ineff     functioning of the mechanisms of northern guarantees and compensation. At the same time, the qualitative characteristics of labor potential, in particular, the level of education of the population can be increased due to the existing educational potential of neighboring regions.Conclusions about the need to attract people from the regions of the middle zone of Russia for the Arctic are made.

ASPECTS OF COMPETITIVENESS OF THE NENETS AND YAMALO-NENETS AUTONOMOUS DISTRICTS AS DESTINATIONS OF ARCTIC TOURISM

Servis plus ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 10-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Сергей Илькевич ◽  
Sergey Ilkevich ◽  
Пер Стрёмберг ◽  
Per Stremberg
Keyword(s):  
Regional Economy ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Foreseeable Future ◽  
The Past ◽  
Arctic Regions ◽  
Tourism Resources ◽  
High Level ◽  
Nenets Autonomous

Despite some intensification of the regional and local authorities, as well as the proactive position of some tour operators in the Arctic regions of Russia, as well as a general removal of focus to domestic tourism in connec- tion with domestic economic and political shocks of the past two years, real progress in the Arctic tourism in Russia is not so great. It’s connected with the systemic and acute problems of the development of this macro region. Their resolution will take decades. In these circumstances, it would be better to talk about the need to focus efforts of states and municipalities, as well as of businesses in those regions that now have not just an abstract potential from the point of view of tourism resources, but the real competitiveness for doubling-tripling of tourist arrivals within five to seven years due to such social, economic and food elements of competitiveness: the positive dynamics of the regional economy, positive demographics, the adequacy of general investments and investments directly related to the tourism, relatively well-developed infrastructure, transport accessibil- ity, price competitiveness of tourism products (the latter in the current environment could be the ability to stay within 60–70 thousand rubles for a 7–10 days tour with budget excursion component). If we analyze the parameters together, as it seems to the authors, today we can speak about the special prospect and a fairly high level of domestic and international competitiveness of only two destinations in the Arctic – Nenets and Yama- lo-Nenets Autonomous districts. Within the presented work, the authors make arguments about what these two regions may be Arctic destinations of paramount importance, because they can actually achieve the ambitious goals for increasing the mass of domestic and inbound tourism in the Arctic in really foreseeable future.

The Common fossils of the British Rocks

The Geologist ◽  
1858 ◽  
Vol 1 (6) ◽  
pp. 238-241
Author(s):  
S. J. Mackie
Keyword(s):  
Sedimentary Rocks ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Rock Masses ◽  
Scottish Highlands ◽  
The Past ◽  
Arctic Regions ◽  
The World ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Common ◽  
Birth Time

A Man would see but little of the reality of the world if he shut himself up in his house, and only gazed out from the same window; he would learn little more if he contented himself with alternately gazing upon the scenes passing around him, from the windows of every storey. So a geologist, in limiting himself to the study of the rock-masses of a circumscribed area, would never, by the utmost perseverance, in going continually over the same ground, attain to a perfect understanding of the subject of his study. He must go abroad, either in his own person or equivalently, by making himself acquainted with the travels and labours of others. Our knowledge of the ancient conditions and relations of the oldest rock-masses would not be complete if we limited our investigations to those isolated patches in our own country, which, however important, are still only a part of that great whole, more important traces of which are to be met in regions far away. Thus those very old—indeed, primitive sedimentary rocks, represented in the British Isles in a fragmentary manner, as by the younger or bedded gneiss of the Scottish Highlands, assume in Canada and the Arctic regions proportions of great extent, and consequently, of far greater value. Far back in the obscurity of the past, as must be placed the birth-time of these primitive land-masses, we seem, in our first investigations, plunged in interminable ignorance, like the explorers of some vast subterranean cave in impenetrable darkness.

scholarly journals Changes in Winter Warming Events in the Nordic Arctic Region

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (17) ◽  
pp. 6223-6244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dagrun Vikhamar-Schuler ◽  
Ketil Isaksen ◽  
Jan Erik Haugen ◽  
Hans Tømmervik ◽  
Bartlomiej Luks ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arctic Region ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Climate Indices ◽  
Ecological Disturbance ◽  
Winter Warming ◽  
The Past ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation ◽  
Weather Events ◽  
Warm Weather ◽  
Soil Temperatures

Abstract In recent years extreme winter warming events have been reported in arctic areas. These events are characterized as extraordinarily warm weather episodes, occasionally combined with intense rainfall, causing ecological disturbance and challenges for arctic societies and infrastructure. Ground-ice formation due to winter rain or melting prevents ungulates from grazing, leads to vegetation browning, and impacts soil temperatures. The authors analyze changes in frequency and intensity of winter warming events in the Nordic arctic region—northern Norway, Sweden, and Finland, including the arctic islands Svalbard and Jan Mayen. This study identifies events in the longest available records of daily temperature and precipitation, as well as in future climate scenarios, and performs analyses of long-term trends for climate indices aimed to capture these individual events. Results show high frequencies of warm weather events during the 1920s–30s and the past 15 years (2000–14), causing weak positive trends over the past 90 years (1924–2014). In contrast, strong positive trends in occurrence and intensity for all climate indices are found for the past 50 years with, for example, increased rates for number of melt days of up to 9.2 days decade−1 for the arctic islands and 3–7 days decade−1 for the arctic mainland. Regional projections for the twenty-first century indicate a significant enhancement of the frequency and intensity of winter warming events. For northern Scandinavia, the simulations indicate a doubling in the number of warming events, compared to 1985–2014, while the projected frequencies for the arctic islands are up to 3 times higher.

scholarly journals ‘Ancient lore with modern appliances’: networks, expertise, and the making of the Open Polar Sea, 1851–1853

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-23
Author(s):  
Nanna Katrine Lüders Kaalund ◽  
John Woitkowitz
Keyword(s):  
Arctic Region ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Comparative Approach ◽  
Arctic Regions ◽  
New Findings ◽  
History Of ◽  
Arctic Exploration ◽  
Epistemic Objects ◽  
Arctic Science

Abstract This article provides a transnational analysis of the campaigns for the organization of expeditions to the central Arctic region by the American explorer Elisha Kent Kane and the Prussian cartographer August Petermann between 1851 and 1853. By adopting a comparative approach, this study focuses on three interventions in the history of Arctic science and exploration: the construction of scientific expertise surrounding the relationship between the ‘armchair’ and the field, the role of transnational networks, and the significance of maps as travelling epistemic objects in the production of knowledge about the Arctic regions. In bringing both campaigns in conversation with each other, this article demonstrates that the histories of Kane's and Petermann's campaigns did not constitute isolated episodes but form part of a transnational nexus of imperial science and Arctic exploration in the nineteenth century. Moreover, based on research in libraries and archives in the United States, Germany and England, this study reconnects otherwise siloed collections and contributes new findings on the interpersonal networks of science and exploration. Finally, this article illustrates the importance of adopting comparative transnational approaches for understanding the fluid and reciprocal nature of Arctic science throughout the transatlantic world.

scholarly journals Early Holocene cold snaps and their expression in the moraine record of the Eastern European Alps

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra M. Braumann ◽  
Joerg M. Schaefer ◽  
Stephanie M. Neuhuber ◽  
Christopher Lüthgens ◽  
Alan J. Hidy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Arctic Region ◽  
Climate System ◽  
Early Holocene ◽  
Ice Age ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
European Alps ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
Exposure Dating ◽  
The Past

Abstract. Glaciers preserve climate variations in their geological and geomorphological records, which makes them prime candidates for climate reconstructions. Investigating the glacier-climate system over the past millennia is particularly relevant because, first, the amplitude and frequency of natural climate variability during the Holocene provides the climatic context against which modern, human-induced climate change must be assessed. Second, the transition from the last glacial to the current interglacial promises important insights into the climate system during warming, which is of particular interest with respect to ongoing climate change. Evidence of stable ice margin positions that record cooling during the past 12 ka are preserved in two glaciated valleys of the Silvretta Massif in the Eastern European Alps, the Jamtal (JAM) and the Laraintal (LAR). We mapped and dated moraines in these catchments including historical ridges using Beryllium-10 Surface Exposure Dating (10Be SED) techniques, and correlate resulting moraine formation intervals with climate proxy records to evaluate the spatial and temporal scale of these cold phases. The new geochronologies indicate two moraine formation intervals (MFI) during the Early Holocene (EH): 10.8 ± 0.7 ka (n = 9) and 11.2 ± 0.8 ka (n = 12). Boulder ages along historical moraines (n = 6) imply at least two glacier advances during the Little Ice Age (LIA; c. 1250–1850 CE), around 1300 CE and in the second half of the 18th century. An earlier advance to the same position may have occurred around 500 CE. The Jamtal and Laraintal moraine chronologies provide evidence that millennial scale EH warming was superimposed by centennial scale cooling. The timing of EH moraine formation is contemporaneous with brief temperature drops identified in local and regional paleoproxy records, most prominently with the Preboreal Oscillation (PBO), and is consistent with moraine deposition in other catchments in the European Alps, and in the Arctic region. This consistency points to cooling beyond the local scale and therefore a regional or even hemispheric climate driver. Freshwater input sourced from the Laurentide Ice Sheet (LIS), which changed circulation patterns in the North Atlantic, is a plausible explanation for EH cooling and moraine formation in the Nordic region and in Europe.

The history of research and development of the Yamal region by student construction units of the USSR (1950—1970)

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (03) ◽  
pp. 192-199
Author(s):  
Alexander Prischepa ◽  
Dmitriy Vycherov
Keyword(s):  
Arctic Region ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Arctic Regions ◽  
History Of Research ◽  
History Of ◽  
Secondary Employment ◽  
The Government ◽  
And Storage ◽  
Government Construction ◽  
The Arctic Region

Rational proposals for the development of the Arctic region came not only from scientists from research institutes, but also from other specialists. A large number of hypotheses and proposals for the development of the Arctic regions of the USSR were considered. At the same time, the emphasis was made on the construction of transport hubs, including cargo-forming and storage facilities with large industrial centers in Yamal. Student construction units came to the aid of the government. Construction teams were an effective way to provide secondary employment for young people, organize leisure life, the opportunity for creative activity through the self-realization of ideas and the inclusion of youth in creative work.

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