Interaction of thermal waters with carbonate and aluminosilicate minerals: a case study of Bang mineral hot spring, Central Vietnam

Results of the studies of water-rock interactions for the Bang thermal water system (Bang Mineral Hot Spring) in Kuang Binh province, Central Vietnam, are presented for the first time. It was established that the thermal waters (62.1-97.1 °C) with total mineralization of 255-659 mg/dm3 of HCO3-Na composition are supersaturated with respect to carbonate minerals (calcite, magnesite, and dolomite) and saturated with respect to albite, microcline, laumontite, and glaucophane. The waters with the outlet temperature of 24.3-34.5 °C, with mineralization 44-87 mg/dm3 and composition HCO3-Cl-Na-Mg are unsaturated with respect to carbonates and are in the fields of stability of clay minerals: kaolinite, illite, Na-, Ca-, and Mg-montmorillonite. Theseresults are in good agreement with the results of the isotope composition analysis of the hydrothermal vents (δD, δ18O and 3H), according to which the time of water circulation for the first-group is higher than 60 years and may reach more than 1000 years, while for the second-group water it does not exceed 50 years.

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FORMS OF THE MIGRATION OF CHEMICAL ELEMENTS IN THE THERMAL WATERS OF THE BANG DEPOSIT (CENTRAL VIETNAM)

Interexpo GEO-Siberia ◽

10.33764/2618-981x-2019-2-1-149-155 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 149-155

Author(s):

Dmitry Novikov ◽

Andrey Shokhin

Keyword(s):

Chemical Elements ◽

Thermal Waters ◽

Weakly Alkaline ◽

Free Ions ◽

Central Vietnam ◽

Calculation Results ◽

First Time ◽

Migration Of Chemical Elements

Calculation results for the forms in which chemical elements migrate in the thermal waters of the Bang deposit (Central Vietnam) are reported for the first time. The studied waters are divided into two groups with respect to temperature: 24.3–34.5 оС for the first group and 62.1–97.1 оC for the second group. The first type relates to the waters of HCO3-Cl-Na-Mg composition, has very low mineralization (44–87 mg/dm3) and is characterized by рН from weakly acidic to weakly alkaline (5.71-7.84). The second type relates to the waters of HCO3-Na composition with total mineralization up to 256-659 mg/dm3 and рН from 8.03 to 8.51. Calculations of the forms of migration of chemical elements showed substantial differences in their behavior for two revealed groups. For example, in waters with the temperature of 24.3–34.5 оC, the dominating form is migration of free ions. For thermal waters with the temperature of 62.1–97.1 оC, migration of the elements in compounds with carbonates and sulfur is characteristic, as well as in the form of free ions.

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To reserves estimation of Khulj hot spring

Earth sciences and subsoil use ◽

10.21285/2686-9993-2021-44-3-243-252 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 44 (3) ◽

pp. 243-252

Author(s):

D. Surmaajav ◽

Ch. Ariunaa

Keyword(s):

Water Resources ◽

Thermal Water ◽

Hot Spring ◽

The State ◽

Thermal Waters ◽

State Budget ◽

Hydrogeological Study ◽

First Time

The first prospect evaluation hydrogeological survey of underground mineral thermal waters formed by Khulj hot spring in Bulgan aimag, Mongolia was conducted in 1973. And since then no research has been conducted. However, in 2020–2021, the Governor of Bulgan aimag initiated a hydrogeological exploration study of Khulj spring in order to determine its mineral thermal water resources. The works were funded by the state budget. It was the first time that the mineral thermal water resources of Khulj spring were estimated and classified to the category B in accordance with the degree of geological and hydrogeological study. Conducted exploration works allowed to investigate and specify geological-structural, hydrogeochemical and hydrogeothermal features that determined the formation of the mineral thermal water deposit.

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Epithermal Fluorite Deposits in Transbaikalia (Geochemical Features, Sources of Matter and Fluids, and Genesis)

Russian Geology and Geophysics ◽

10.2113/rgg20194128 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 62 (4) ◽

pp. 415-426

Author(s):

E.I. Lastochkin ◽

G.S. Ripp ◽

D.S. Tsydenova ◽

V.F. Posokhov ◽

A.E. Murzintseva

Keyword(s):

Meteoric Water ◽

Isotope Composition ◽

Spatial Proximity ◽

Thermal Waters ◽

Sr Isotope ◽

Light Isotope ◽

Geochemical Parameters ◽

Nd Systems ◽

Deep Source ◽

The Impact

Abstract —We consider the isotope-geochemical features of epithermal fluorite deposits in Transbaikalia, including the REE compositions, Sr isotope ratios, Sm–Nd systems, and isotope compositions of oxygen, carbon, hydrogen, and sulfur. The 87Sr/86Sr ratios in fluorites are within 0.706–0.708, and the εNd values are negative. Oxygen in quartz, the main mineral of the deposits, has a light isotope composition (δ18O = –3.4 to +2.6‰), and the calculated isotope composition of oxygen in the fluid in equilibrium with quartz (δ18O = –9 to –16‰) indicates the presence of meteoric water. The latter is confirmed by analysis of the isotope compositions of oxygen and hydrogen in gas–liquid inclusions in fluorites from three deposits. These isotope compositions are due to recycling caused by the impact of shallow basic plutons. The isotope composition of sulfur indicates its deep source. During ascent, sulfur became enriched in its light isotope (δ34S = –1.8 to –7.7‰). We assess the association of fluorite ores with basaltoids widespread in the study area. The isotope and geochemical parameters suggest their spatial proximity. Probably, the basaltoids were responsible for the recycling of meteoric water. It is shown that the epithermal fluorite deposits formed by the same mechanism as fissure–vein thermal waters in western Transbaikalia.

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Mercury concentrations in thermal waters of the Bolshoi Semyachik hydrothermal system, Russia, Kamchatka.

10.5194/egusphere-egu21-15094 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Anton Nuzhdaev

Keyword(s):

Hydrothermal System ◽

Kamchatka Peninsula ◽

Hydrothermal Systems ◽

Thermal Waters ◽

Hydrothermal Solutions ◽

Average Value ◽

Thermal Fields ◽

Gas Jets ◽

First Time ◽

Hydrothermal Fields

The study of mercury receipt within volcanic activity zones and large hydrothermal systems recently causes the big interest connected with attempts of an estimation of volumes of natural mercury receipt on a daily surface.The hydrothermal system connected with volcanic massif Big Semyachik is one of the largest on the territory of Kamchatka peninsula. On the surface, the hydrothermal system is manifested by three large hydrothermal fields - the Verhnee Field, the parychay Dolina, and the Northern Crater of the Central Semyachik, the heat export from which is estimated at 300 MW (Vakin, 1976). On the surface of the thermal fields hot thermal waters and powerful steam-gas jets are unloaded.&#160; At the same time, due to the inaccessibility of thermal fields remain poorly studied, and in particular, there is no information on the concentrations of mercury in hydrothermal solutions.During fieldwork in 2020 all types of thermal waters were sampled, chemical types of waters were established, concentrations of mercury in hydrothermal solutions: for hot thermal waters the average value of mercury was - 0.44 mcg / L, and in steam-gas jets - the average value of mercury was - 4.60 mcg / L.Thus, in the course of the work the data on concentrations of mercury in hydrothermal solutions of one of the largest hydrothermal systems of Kamchatka were received for the first time.&#160;

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New isotope-hydrogeochemical data on the Bang spring (Kuang Binh province, central Vietnam)

Геохимия ◽

10.31857/s0016-7525646664-672 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 64 (6) ◽

pp. 664-672

Author(s):

D. A. Novikov ◽

Phan Thi Kim Van ◽

Doan Van Tuyen ◽

Do Thi Thu ◽

Tran Viet Hoan

Keyword(s):

Thermal Water ◽

Formation Time ◽

Weakly Alkaline ◽

Water Types ◽

Genetic Nature ◽

Central Vietnam ◽

First Time ◽

Ph Variations

New isotope hydrogeochemical data on two types of thermal water from the Bang spring (Kuang Binh province, central Vietnam) are reported in the work. The first type includes HCO3–Cl–Na–Mg water with extremely low mineralization (44–87 mg/dm3) and pH variations from weakly acidic to weakly alkaline values (5.71–7.84). The second type includes HCO3–Na water with mineralization up to 256–659 mg/dm3 and pH 8.03 to 8.51. The studied types differ significantly in temperature: 24.3–34.5°C in the first type and 62.1–97.1°C in the second type. The analysis of the distribution of oxygen (δ18O) and hydrogen (δD) isotopes carried out for the first time confirms different genetic nature of these hydrogeochemical water types. The first type has an atmospheric genesis (δ18O = –7.3…–6.2‰ and δD = –51.4…–39.3‰), while the second type restricted to the Kien Giang–Bang intersection zone has a deeper source (δ18O = –1.6…–1.3‰ and δD = –22.2…–21.4‰). The tritium (3H) data also point to different circulation times of these waters. The formation time of the HCO3–Cl–Na–Mg waters does not exceed 50 years (3H = 4.3–11.1 ТЕ), while that of HCO3–Na water may reach more than 1000 years (3H = 0.5 ТЕ).

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The genus Acropimpla Townes (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Pimplinae) in Vietnam, with descriptions of three new species

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.2921.1.1 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 2921 (1) ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

NHI THI PHAM ◽

GAVIN R. BROAD ◽

WOLFGANG J. WÄGELE

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

South Vietnam ◽

Central Vietnam ◽

Central Highlands ◽

Three New Species ◽

First Time

Six species of Acropimpla Townes, 1960 are recorded from Vietnam, of which three species are described as new: A. lampei sp. nov. from Ea So, Dak Lak Province, Central Highlands of Vietnam, A. mucronis sp. nov. from Cat Tien, Dong Nai Province, South Vietnam, and A. phongdienensis sp. nov. from Phong Dien, Thua Thuen-Hue Province, Central Vietnam. Two species, A. hapaliae (Rao, 1953) and A. taishunensis Liu, He & Chen, 2010 are recorded from Vietnam for the first time.

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Average shape of longitudinal shower profiles measured at the Pierre Auger Observatory

EPJ Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/epjconf/201921002015 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 210 ◽

pp. 02015

Author(s):

Sofia Andringa ◽

Keyword(s):

Cosmic Ray ◽

High Energy ◽

Pierre Auger Observatory ◽

Composition Analysis ◽

Shape Parameters ◽

Hadronic Interactions ◽

Shower Development ◽

Shower Maximum ◽

Detailed Composition ◽

First Time

The average profiles of cosmic ray shower development as a function of atmospheric depth are measured for the first time with the Fluorescence Detectors at the Pierre Auger Observatory. The profile shapes are well reproduced by the Gaisser-Hillas parametrization at the 1% level in a 500 g/cm2 interval around the shower maximum, for cosmic rays with log(E/eV) > 17.8. The results are quantified with two shape parameters, measured as a function of energy. The average profiles carry information on the primary cosmic ray and its high energy hadronic interactions. The shape parameters predicted by the commonly used models are compatible with the measured ones within experimental uncertainties. Those uncertainties are dominated by systematics which, at present, prevent a detailed composition analysis.

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Multi-day diurnal measurements of Ti-containing nanoparticle and organic sunscreen chemical release during recreational use of a natural surface water

Environmental Science Nano ◽

10.1039/c6en00283h ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 69-77 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

R. B. Reed ◽

D. P. Martin ◽

A. J. Bednar ◽

M. D. Montaño ◽

P. Westerhoff ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Surface Water ◽

Water System ◽

Recreational Water ◽

Chemical Release ◽

Natural Surface ◽

First Time ◽

Recreational Use

A recreational water system was monitored for release of both mineral and organic sunscreen constituents for the first time.

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Composition analysis of liquid particles in the Arctic stratosphere under synoptic conditions

Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics ◽

10.5194/acp-6-689-2006 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 6 (3) ◽

pp. 689-696 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

C. Weisser ◽

K. Mauersberger ◽

J. Schreiner ◽

N. Larsen ◽

F. Cairo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Equilibrium Temperature ◽

Solid Particles ◽

The Arctic ◽

Composition Analysis ◽

Molar Ratios ◽

Frost Point ◽

Synoptic Conditions ◽

Lee Waves ◽

Stratospheric Clouds ◽

First Time

Abstract. Synoptic scale polar stratospheric clouds (PSCs) that formed without the presence of mountain lee waves were observed in early December 2002 from Kiruna/Sweden using balloon-borne instruments. The physical, chemical, and optical properties of the particles were measured. Within the PSC solid particles existed whenever the temperature was below the equilibrium temperature for nitric acid trihydrate and liquid particles appeared when the temperature fell below an even lower threshold about 3 K above the frost point with solid particles still present. The correlation of liquid supercooled ternary solution aerosols with local temperatures is a pronounced feature observed during this flight; average molar ratios H2O/HNO3 were somewhat higher than predicted by models. In addition HCl has been measured for the first time in liquid aerosols. The chlorine isotope signature served as a unique tool to identify unambiguously HCl dissolved in STS particles. Within a narrow temperature range of about three degrees above the frost point, the measured average amount of HCl in liquid particles is below 1 weight%.

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Rapid and Precise Carbon Dioxide Clumped Isotope Composition Analysis by Tunable Infrared Laser Differential Absorption Spectroscopy

10.5194/egusphere-egu2020-11501 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

David Nelson ◽

Zhennan Wang ◽

David Dettman ◽

Barry McManus ◽

Jay Quade ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Carbon Dioxide ◽

Stable Isotope ◽

Absorption Spectroscopy ◽

Isotope Ratio ◽

Continuous Wave ◽

Isotope Composition ◽

Infrared Laser ◽

Composition Analysis ◽

Differential Absorption ◽

Clumped Isotope

Carbon dioxide clumped isotope thermometry is one of the most developed applications of the geochemistry of multiply substituted isotopologues. The degree of heavy isotope clumping (e.g., 16O13C18O) beyond an expected random distribution can be related to the temperature of calcite precipitation. This provides an independent temperature estimate that, when combined with carbonate &#948;18O values, can constrain paleowater &#948;18O values. However, the use of isotope ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS) to do these measurements remains relatively rare because it is time-consuming and costly. We have developed an isotope ratio laser spectrometry method using tunable infrared laser differential absorption spectroscopy (TILDAS) and describe our latest results using both gaseous carbon dioxide samples and CO2 derived from carbonate minerals. The TILDAS instrument has two continuous wave lasers to directly and simultaneously measure four isotopologues involved in the 16O13C18O equilibrium calculation. Because each isotopologue is independently resolved, this approach does not have to correct for isobaric peaks. The gas samples are trapped in a low volume (~250 ml) optical multi-pass cell with a path length of 36 meters. Raw data are collected at 1.6 kHz, providing 96,000 peak-area measurements of each CO2 isotopologue per minute. With a specially designed sampling system, each sample measurement is bracketed with measurements of a working reference gas, and a precision of 0.01&#8240; is achieved within 20 minutes, based on four repeated measurements. The total sample size needed for a complete measurement is approximately 15 &#956;mol of CO2, or 1.5 mg of calcite equivalent. TILDAS reported &#8710;16O13C18O values show a linear relationship with theoretical calculations, with a very weak dependence on bulk isotope composition. The performance of the TILDAS system demonstrated in this study is competitive with the best IRMS systems and surpasses typical IRMS measurements in several key respects, such as measurement duration and isobaric interference problems. This method can easily be applied more widely in stable isotope geochemistry by changing spectral regions and laser configurations, leading to rapid and high precision (0.01&#8240;) measurement of conventional stable isotope ratios and &#948;17O in CO2 gas samples.

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