Edible coating quality with three types of starch and sorbitol plasticizer

Edible coating is one form of packaging technology with environmentally friendly theme. The raw materials of edible coating derived from nature, while the waste is decomposed or even zero waste. The research of edible coating using experimental design RAL (completely randomized design) with two factors, namely the type of raw material used tuber starch (cassava, arrowroot and canna) and the percentage of starch (3%, 4% and 5%) (b/v) with three replications time. The quality analisys of edible coating includes the physical properties (thickness (mm), tensile strength (N) and elongation (mm)) and chemical properties (moisture content (%), solubility (%), the water vapor transmissin rate (g/hour) and peroxide (mek/kg). The research showed that the edible coating with sorbitol plasticizer of arrowroot starch 4% provide best physicochemical properties (thickness 0,09mm; 1,63N tensile strength; elongation 84,38mm; water content of 11.19%; solubility of 31.40%; the transfer of water vapor 0,16g / h and 3,20mek/ kg).

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Penggunaan Pot Berbahan Dasar Organik untuk PembibitanGmelina arborea Roxb. di Persemaian

Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) ◽

10.24831/jai.v40i3.6833 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 40 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Sri Wilarso Budi ◽

Andi Sukendro ◽

Lina Karlinasari

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Raw Material ◽

Forest Trees ◽

Seedling Production ◽

Gmelina Arborea ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Two Factors ◽

Completely Randomized Design

The objectve of this research was to obtain the best materials composition and adhesive of organic pot for forest trees seedling production. Organic pot strength was evaluated by testing the strength of rupture elasticity and elasticity stiffness of each composition. The bioassay testing used Completely Randomized Design with factorial pattern, consisting of two factors, (1) basic raw materials of the pot (used newspaper, litter and compost) and (2) the type of adhesive (control, tanin and starch). The results showed that the adhesive starch gave higher strength, whereas adhesive tannin gave higher stiffness as compared to control. Results of bioassay showed that the mixture (50:50 v/v) of basic materials of used newspaper and compost (KKK) which were glued with tannin, produced the best results for height and diameter increament with the value of 35.85 cm, 0.31 cm respectively and biomass value of 0.99 g after 12 weeks of planting. The highest level of damage in organic pot with basic raw materials KKK without adhesive was 47.6%, whereas lowest level of damage in organic pot with basic raw material used newspaper (KK) with tannin addhesive was 2.0% after 12 weeks in the nursery.Keywords: adhesive, Gmelina arborea,organic pot, organic matter, nursery,

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LIMBAH TERNAK KELINCI SEBAGAI BAHAN BAKU PUPUK ORGANIK POTENSIAL

Jurnal Agroqua Media Informasi Agronomi dan Budidaya Perairan ◽

10.32663/ja.v16i2.506 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 16 (2) ◽

pp. 152

Author(s):

Risvan Anwar ◽

Djatmiko Djatmiko

Keyword(s):

Raw Materials ◽

Organic Fertilizer ◽

Nutrient Content ◽

Raw Material ◽

Organic Fertilizers ◽

Animal Waste ◽

Livestock Waste ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Completely Randomized Design ◽

Many Sources

Many sources of raw materials which allegedly can enrich the nutrient content in the organic fertilizer. The weakness of organic fertilizer for this is the low level of nutrients contained in them.This study aims to determine the nutrient content contained in various combinations of organic fertilizer raw materials with rabbit animal waste as the main raw material.This study aims to determine the nutrient content in various combinations of organic fertilizer raw materials with rabbit animal waste as the main raw material. The experiment used a completely randomized design with raw materials as treatments, Livestock Waste Rabbit (LTK), Cow Manure (PKS) and Abu Straw Rice (AJP). Such treatment: B1 = LTK; B2 = LTK: PKS = 2: 1; B3 = LTK: AJP = 3: 1; B4 = LTK: PKS: AJP = 6: 2: 1; B5 = LTK: PKS: AJP = 5: 2: 1; B6 = LTK: PKS: AJP = 4: 2: 1; B7 = LTK: PKS: AJP = 3: 2: 1; B8 = LTK: PKS: AJP = 2: 2: 1; B9 = LTK: PKS: AJP = 1: 2: 1. The research concluded (a) Organic fertilizers are made from various materials raw has fulfilled SNI 19-7030-2004 about the specifications of Organic Waste Compost. (B) A combination of organic fertilizer raw materials significantly affect the nutrient content of manure. (C) Organic fertilizers expectations are: (a) Raw materials of animal wastes rabbit (LTK), (b) LTK: PKS: AJP = 6: 2: 1, (c) LTK: PKS: AJP = 2: 2: 1 and (d) LTK: PKS: AJP = 1: 2: 1.

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Manfaat Bromelin dari Ekstrak Buah Nanas (Ananas comosus L. Merr) dan Waktu Pemasakan untuk Meningkatkan Kualitas Daging Itik Afkir

Sains Peternakan ◽

10.20961/sainspet.9.2.82-87 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 82

Author(s):

Dhiah Putri Utami ◽

Pudjomartatmo Pudjomartatmo ◽

Adi Magna Patriadi Nuhriawangsa

Keyword(s):

Tensile Strength ◽

Shear Force ◽

Cooking Time ◽

Ananas Comosus ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Two Factors ◽

Completely Randomized Design ◽

Post Production ◽

Water Holding

The research was purposed to know the levels of pineapple extract addition (Ananas comosus L. Merr) with bromelin compound, cooking time and the interaction between two factors on the shear force, the tensile strength, pH, water holding capacity (WHC) and cooking loss (CL) of post production duck meat. The experiment used 18 Mojosari duck with average age 84 weeks. The samples for shear force and tensile strength used drum stick, pH, WHC and CL exam used thigh. The data were analyzed by analysis of variance from Completely Randomized Design (CRD) of Factorial Pattern 4 × 3, with factor of pineapple extract addition (0, 5, 10, 15 %) and cooking time (0, 30, 60 minutes). There were interactions between pineapple extract addition and cooking time on pH, WHC and CL (P<0.01) and tensile strength (P<0.05). The addition of pineapple extract and cooking time improved tenderness, pH, WHC and decreased CL of duck meat. The addition of pineapple extract at 15% and cooking time 60 minutes produced the best quality of duck meat.Key words: pineapple extract, cooking time, meat, post production duck, physical quality

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Pengolahan Edible Film Nata de Coco dan Aplikasinya sebagai Coating pada Daging Kelapa Muda [Processing of Edible Film Nata de Coco and Its Application as Coating on Young Coconut Meat]

Buletin Palma ◽

10.21082/bp.v19n2.2018.57-68 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 19 (2) ◽

pp. 57

Author(s):

Barlina Rindengan ◽

Suryani Lahea ◽

Engelbert Manaroinsong

Keyword(s):

Raw Materials ◽

Transmission Rate ◽

Edible Coating ◽

Raw Material ◽

Edible Film ◽

Agricultural Product ◽

Treatment Comparison ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Tender Coconut ◽

Coconut Meat

Biocellulose nata de coco is a potential raw material for edible film processing as an environmentally friendly packaging. Edible film applications on foodstuffs can extend the shelf life of the product. This study aims to determine the formulation and good characteristics of the processing of raw materials of bioselulose nata de coco edible film which are suitable for packaging materials as well as changes in the quality of tender coconut meat applied by edible coating during storage. The research was conducted at the Laboratory of Palm Research Institute and Laboratory of Agricultural Product Technology Engineering, UGM-Yogyakarta in January to December 2016. The study was conducted in two stages, the first stage is formulation and processing of the edible fim, using Completely Randomized Design (RAL), with the treatment comparison between biocelulose nata de coco (BS): CMC and glycerol (GLI), as follows: Formula 1 = BIS: CMC: GLI = 100: 0: 0; Formula 2 = BIS: CMC: GLI = 99.5: 0.5: 0; Formula 3 = BIS: CMC: GLI = 99.0: 1.0: 0; Formula 4 = BIS: CMC: LI = 98.5: 0.5: 1; Formula 5 = BIS: CMC: GLI = 98,0: 1,0: 1,0; Formula 6 = BIS: CMC: GLI = 98.0: 5: 1,5; Formula = BIS: CMC: GLI = 97.5: 1.0: 1.5; Formula 8 = BIS: CMC: GLI = 97.5: 0.5: 2.0; and Formula 9 = BIS: CMC: GLI = 97.0: 1.0: 2.0. The second stage, edible film application that has a good characteristic on young coconut meat slices, then packed using vacuum method and stored for three months in Refrigerator and Freezer. The results showed that, edible film comparison: CMC: GLI = 97.5: 1.0: 1.5 is acceptable and has 0,0551 mm in thickness, tensile strength 19,0747 Mpa, elongation 18,2618%, vapor transmission rate 16,878 (g / m2 / 24 hour) and better brightness value (clear). The application of edible coating biocellulose nata atslices on young coconut meat and stored in Freezer can reduce total microbial growth and up to 3 months and is still favored by panelists. ABSTRAKBioselulosa nata de coco merupakan bahan baku potensial untuk pengolahan edible film sebagai kemasan yang ramah lingkungan. Aplikasi edible film pada bahan pangan dapat memperpanjang masa simpan produk. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui formulasi dan karakteristik yang baik dari pengolahan edible film berbahan baku bioselulosa nata de coco yang sesuai untuk bahan kemasan serta perubahan mutu daging buah kelapa muda yang diaplikasi edible coating selama penyimpanan. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Balai Penelitian Tanaman Palma, dan Laboratorium Rekayasa Teknologi Hasil Pertanian, UGM-Yogyakarta pada bulan bulan Januari sampai Desember 2016.. Penelitian dilakukan dalam dua tahap, tahap pertama formulasi pengolahan edible fim, dilakukan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL), dengan perlakuan:perbandingan antara bioselulosa nata de coco (BS) : CMC dan gliserol (GLI), sebagai berikut : Formula 1= BIS:CMC:GLI=100:0:0; Formula 2=BIS:CMC:GLI= 99,5:0,5:0; Formula 3=BIS:CMC:GLI= 99,0:1,0:0; Formula 4=BIS:CMC: LI=98,5:0,5 :1; Formula 5=BIS:CMC:GLI= 98,0:1,0:1,0; Formula 6 F=BIS:CMC:GLI= 98,0:5:1,5; Formula 7=BIS:CMC:GLI= 97,5:1,0:1,5; Formula 8=BIS:CMC: GLI=97,5:0,5:2,0; dan Formula 9=BIS:CMC:GLI= 97,0:1,0:2,0. Ulangan tiga kali sehingga ada 27 satuan percobaan. Tahap kedua aplikasi edible film yang memiliki karakterisik yang baik pada irisan daging kelapa muda terolah minimal. Kemudian dikemas secara vacum dan disimpan sampai tiga bulan di dalam Refrigerator dan Freezer. Hasil penelitian menujukkan bahwa, edible film berbahan baku bioselulosa nata de coco (BIS) dengan penambahan carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) dan gliserol (GLI) perbandingan BIS : CMC : GLI= 97,5: 1,0 :1,5 cukup baik, memiliki karakateristik ketebalan 0,0551 mm, kuat tarik 19,0747 Mpa, elongation 18,2618%, laju transmisi uap air 16,878 (g/m2/24 jam) dan nilai kecerahan yang lebih baik (bening). Aplikasi edible coating bioselulosa nata pada irisan daging kelapa muda terolah minimal yang dikemas secara vacum dan disimpan dalam Freezer dapat mereduksi perkembangan total mikroba dan sampai 3 bulan dan masih disukai panelis.

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Application of different Fresh Fish Handling Technique on the Quality of Raw Ingredients of Pindang Production

Jurnal Perikanan Universitas Gadjah Mada ◽

10.22146/jfs.27819 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 19 (2) ◽

pp. 89 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Pandit I Gde Suranaya

Keyword(s):

Room Temperature ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Raw Material ◽

P Value ◽

Fresh Fish ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Handling Technique ◽

Completely Randomized Design ◽

Crushed Ice

Histamine toxicity can be occurred after consumsing decomposing fish (pindang). The community (fishermen) perform different handling techniques on raw materials of pindang to slow down the decomposition process. This research is aimed to know the influence of various techniques of handling fish on the quality of raw materials of pindang. This research used completely randomized design with single factor. This study compared various methods of fish handling commonly used by community (fisherman in Kusamba village) to maintain the quality of raw materials of pindang, such as: kept on room temperature (technique A), add 1 kilogram crushed ice for 4 kilogram fishes (technique B), add 10% salt (technique C), and combination of technique B and C (ice and fish combination 1:8 plus 5% salt as technique D). Diversity analysis show a significant influence of different techniques of fish handling on the quality of raw material of pindang (p value <0.05). Addition of crushed ice show the best quality result among fish handling technique with histamine levels 11.30 mgN%, moisture content 74.53%, TVB 20.19 mgN%, salt 0.32%, bacteria 13 x 101 colonies / g, and negative coliform. Organoleptic assessment for B techniques also show the best result with visibility score 8.0 (bright, strong, and thin scale), eye 7.7 (convex, slightly foggy cornea, slightly faint pupil), odor 7.8 (soft odor), and texture 7.8 (elastic).

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PREFERENSI BEBERAPA JENIS PATI DALAM PENGGUNAANNYA SEBAGAI EDIBLE COATING

JURNAL BIOINDUSTRI ◽

10.31326/jbio.v2i1.479 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 285-294

Author(s):

. Mirnawati ◽

. Seveline

Keyword(s):

Water Content ◽

High Water ◽

Edible Coating ◽

High Water Content ◽

Fruit Storage ◽

Ps I ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Two Factors ◽

Completely Randomized Design ◽

The Difference

Melon is a type of fruit that has a high water content. High water content causes limited fruit storage, therefore it is necessary to preserve it to maintain the freshness of the melon. One method that can maintain the freshness of the fruit is edible coating. The purpose of this study was to determine the characteristics of organolepic melons given starch-based edible coatings from several types of tubers, namely cassava, canna, and lesser yam. This study used factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with two factors. The first factor is the difference in CMC with a concentration of 1% and 1.5%. The second factor is the difference in glycerol with a concentration of 1% and 3%. The results of the study based on the ANOVA test showed that the type of starch treatment and the concentration between treatments did not have a significant effect on the texture, color, and aftertaste of the melon, but significantly affected the taste and aroma of the melon. So it can be concluded that from all edible coating formulations, panelists preferred the PS I formulation (cassava starch) with 1% CMC concentration and 1% glycerol.Keywords: cassava, canna, edible coating, lesser yam, melons

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The Difference Characteristicsof Collagen from Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Bone, Skin, and Scales

Jurnal Pengolahan Hasil Perikanan Indonesia ◽

10.17844/jphpi.v22i2.28832 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 22 (2) ◽

pp. 403-410

Author(s):

Romadhon Romadhon ◽

Yudhomenggolo Sastro Darmanto ◽

Retno Ayu Kurniasih

Keyword(s):

Water Content ◽

Oreochromis Niloticus ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Raw Material ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Fish Collagen ◽

Different Types ◽

Completely Randomized Design ◽

The Difference ◽

Residual Processing

Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) is one of the main commodities of freshwater fish in Indonesia. Mostly, tilapia is exported in the form of fillets which produce residual processing including bobe, skin, and scales which can reach 50 to 70% of the total weight of fish. The aimed of this study was to extract and characterize collagen from bone, skin, and scales of tilapia. The research method used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) by treating the different types of collagen raw materials, namely bone, skin, and scales of tilapia. The results showed that the type of raw material affected the yield, water content, color, and pH (p<0.05). The collagen yield in this study was 0.53% (bone), 0.63% (scales) and 0.94% (skin). The small amount of amendment was caused by the concentration of acetic acid being too low. the smallest water content in tilapia fish collagen 2.17%; the best brightness of collagen in fish bones 76.91%; the value of the largest degree of white on fish scales 75.95%; pH content close to neutral fish collagen scales 6.49; Morphological results of collagen produced using SEM, the presence of pores seen in the collagen of tilapia fish due to the space between the collagen fibers while. Collagen from the skin and scales has the same morphology, which is shaped in small squares and smooth surface without pores

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ANALISIS MUTU MINUMAN INSTAN BERBAHAN DASAR BUAH MENGKUDU (Morinda citrifolia L) DAN JAHE MERAH (Zingiber officinale rosc)

Jurnal Pendidikan Teknologi Pertanian ◽

10.26858/jptp.v5i0.8551 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 5 ◽

pp. 8

Author(s):

Andi Citra Islamiah ◽

Husain Syam ◽

Andi Sukainah

Keyword(s):

Experimental Study ◽

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Zingiber Officinale ◽

Morinda Citrifolia ◽

Test Results ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Two Factors ◽

Completely Randomized Design ◽

Red Ginger

This study aims to determine the chemical properties of instant drinks produced and the best concentration by adding noni and red ginger to the manufacture of instant drinks based on organoleptic test results. This research is an experimental study with an experimental design that is used is Factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD) which consists of two factors, namely the factor A noni fruit, namely: 100 g, 200 g, 300 g. The red ginger B factor is: 75 g, 100 g, 125 g. The chemical analysis results were the highest water content with the addition of 300 g noni fruit concentration 2,8678 and 125 ginger concentration 2,9456, the highest antioxidant activity with the addition of 300 g noni fruit concentration 71,100 and red ginger concentration 125 g 70,0178, and from the alkaloid test all treatments in instant drinks contain positive alkaloids. The results of organoleptic color, aroma and taste are preferred by panelists with the addition of 100 g of noni fruit and the concentration of red ginger 125 g.

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Manfaat Bromelin dari Ekstrak Buah Nanas (Ananas comosus L. Merr) dan Waktu Pemasakan untuk Meningkatkan Kualitas Daging Itik Afkir

Sains Peternakan ◽

10.20961/sainspet.v9i2.4812 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 82 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Dhiah Putri Utami ◽

Pudjomartatmo Pudjomartatmo ◽

Adi Magna Patriadi Nuhriawangsa

Keyword(s):

Tensile Strength ◽

Shear Force ◽

Cooking Time ◽

Ananas Comosus ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Two Factors ◽

Completely Randomized Design ◽

Post Production ◽

Water Holding

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PERTUMBUHAN BIBIT AREN (Arenga pinnata Merr) PADA MEDIA TANAH ULTISOL DIPERSEMAIAN

Jurnal TENGKAWANG ◽

10.26418/jt.v8i1.24121 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

Author(s):

. Janting ◽

Abdurrani Muin ◽

. Burhanuddin

Keyword(s):

Experimental Method ◽

Organic Fertilizer ◽

Land Conservation ◽

Raw Material ◽

Stem Height ◽

Forest Exploitation ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Two Factors ◽

Industrial Materials ◽

Completely Randomized Design

Arenga pinnata Merr is a multipurpose trees species that has long been known to produce industrial materials. Based on the utilization of Arenga pinnata Merr is not only limited to the food alone but also used as a raw material for industrial and land conservation. Arenga pinnata Merr has prospect good to be developed in the tree crop plantations. Arenga pinnata Merr cultivation activities require good quality seeds. Currently Arenga pinnata Merr still growing naturally in the forest. Exploitation by the farmers during this time in the form of Arenga pinnata Merr exploitation of the forest without cultivation. There are concerns Arenga pinnata Merr that grows in nature will be destroyed. The purpose of this research to study the effect of a doses of organic fertilizer and dolomite lime on the growth of Arenga pinnata Merr in the nursery. The study used an experimental method with a completely randomized design factorial models. The study consisted of two factors: factors of organic fertilizer and lime dolomite with five repetitions with a number of plant samples as many as 100 plants. The measured parameters include length midrib, stem diameter and stem height were analyzed using SAS IX. The research proves that organic fertilizer dose of 300 g and 35 g dolomite lime can increase the growth of palm in the nursery. Keywords: Arenga pinnata Merr, fertilizer, lime, organic.

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