scholarly journals Effects of fat-containing feed after ultrasound treatment with zeolite on the metabolism

2020 ◽  
Vol 164 ◽  
pp. 06020
Author(s):  
Artem Bykov ◽  
Larisa Mezhueva ◽  
Khamdiya Dusaeva ◽  
Tat’yana Krakmaleva ◽  
El’vira Maneeva
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Additional Increase ◽  
Processing Technologies ◽  
Biochemical Indicators ◽  
End Products ◽  
Group A ◽  
Experimental Group

Processing technologies using non-reactive influences appear to be the most profitable in terms of safety and ecological compatibility of end products including fodder for the agro-industrial complex. The usage of various physical influences allows significantly speeding up and facilitating technological processes including those achieving results that are not possible with other technologies. Based on the study of morphological and biochemical indicators of blood, it can be stated that the introduction of cavitationally processed sunflower sludge into the diet of birds together with zeolite powder leads to improving general blood indicators. All biochemical and morphological indicators were within the physiological norm. The results indicate that the cavitational processing of sunflower sludge with zeolite particles comprising feed mixes with an additional increase in the level of metabolizable energy leads to an increase in the content of macro- and microelements against the background of a significant reduction of elements-antagonists. The greatest changes were observed in the second experimental group, (a diet with a metabolizable energy content of 14.9 MJ/kg of dry matter (DM), which consists of 6 % of cavitationally processed sunflower sludge in the presence of zeolite in the amount of 4 %).

scholarly journals METHOD OF INCREASING BY ENERGY SATURATION OF HIGH-PRODUCTIVE COWS DIETES

2018 ◽  
pp. 13-19
Author(s):  
Александр Головин ◽  
Aleksandr Golovin
Keyword(s):  
Milk Fat ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Ketone Bodies ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Cow Milk ◽  
Energy Saturation ◽  
Experimental Group

The purpose of the research is increase the concentration of energy in the dry matter of cows diets with a productivity of 7-8 thousand kg of milk per year in the first third of lactation with the use of dry palm fats prepared by various technologies. In the experiment carried out on three groups of Holstein dams cows of Black-Motley Breed with the productivity of about 7.500 kg of milk per year for 9 cows each, it was found that the inclusion of dry palm fat (II experimental group – 300 g of fractionated fat with a predominance of saturated fatty acids and III experimental group – 368 g of fat in the form of calcium salt) in the composition of the rations of cows experimental groups with the aim of balancing the metabolizable energy content to the level of crude fat in an amount of 5% of the dry matter, has no adverse effect on dry matter intake of the ration, the digestibility of nutrients of feed and the use of nitrogen, calcium and phosphorus. The result of balancing the ration of cows of the experimental groups the concentration of metabolizable energy in dry matter from 10.3 MJ/kg in the control to 10.7 MJ/kg in the experimental groups, the increase in cow milk yield, standard (4%) fat content for 100 days of lactation was 8.8% (P≤0.05) and 7.6% increase in the yield of milk fat and protein. Feed costs per 1 kg of milk of cows of experimental groups, expressed in exchange energy, were below control by 3.7 and 2.6%, respectively. According to the results of biochemical blood tests, against the background of the tendency of increasing the intensity of nitrogenic and lipid metabolism, a significant decrease in the concentration of ketone bodies in the blood of cows of experimental groups was found. Feeding by dry palm fats in tested quantities does not reduce the reproductive function of cows and is economically justified.

Determination of the yield characteristics and in vitro digestibility of barley forage harvested in different vegetation periods

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehtap Guney ◽  
Cagri Kale ◽  
Duran Bolat ◽  
Suphi Deniz
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Mature Stage ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Net Energy ◽  
Seed Formation

This study planned to determine the differences among nutrient composition, in vitro digestibility, energy content, digestible dry matter and organic matter yields of barley forage harvested at three different stages of maturity. Each vegetation period (heading stage, seed formation stage and mature stage) was randomly assigned to 5 replication from 1 square meter area and fifteen samples were harvested in total. DM, ADF (p<0.001), and NDF (p<0.05) contents were different in each stages of barley forage. In vitro dry matter (IVDMD), organic matter digestibility (IVOMD), metabolizable energy (ME), and net energy for lactation (NEL) values of samples were determined to be lower than the other two stages at the mature stage (p<0.05). Yield parameters of barley were significantly affected by vegetation period (p<0.001). It can be concluded that all three vegetation period had significantly higher digestibility. Digestible DM, OM and energy yields were higher when harvested at the mature stage of vegetation.

The utilization of the dietary energy of pangola and setaria by young growing beef cattle

1982 ◽  
Vol 98 (2) ◽  
pp. 395-404 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. D. Tudor ◽  
D. J. Minson
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Initial Energy ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Net Energy ◽  
Lower Efficiency ◽  
Tropical Grasses

SUMMARYThe net energy values for growth and fattening of two artificially dried tropical grasses-, pangola (Digitaria decumbens) and setaria (S. sphacelata var. sericea cv. Nandi), of similar estimated metabolizable energy content (8·07 and 7·96 MJ/kg D.M.) were determined with cattle using a slaughter technique. Growing cattle with a mean initial weight of 175 kg were given equal quantities of dry matter of the two grasses at each of three planes of nutrition above maintenance for a period of 152 days.The initial energy, fat and protein content of the total body of the 24 test animals was estimated from regressions relating fasted live weight to theśe components, derived from 12 similar cattle slaughtered at the beginning of the feeding period. The final energy, fat and protein content of the test animals was determined directly by chemical analysis. The metabolizable energy (ME) content of the grasses was estimated from the level of digestible energy (DE) determined with eight cattle, assuming that ME = 0·815 DE.The cattle fed pangola gained more live weight, empty-body weight, fat, protein and energy than animals fed similar quantities of setaria. The net energy value for growth and fattening (NEf) was determined using regressions relating energy retention to the quantity of dry matter eaten. NEf in MJ/kg dry matter was 2·27 for pangola and 1·31 for setaria.Efficiency of utilization of ME for growth and fattening (kf) was.27·7% for pangola and 16·9% for setaria. These values for tropical grasses are lower than any values reported for temperate pasture species. Thus the lower efficiency of utilization of ME may cause the lower production of cattle which graze tropical grasses.It was concluded that as the kf values of different tropical grasses are not constant, kf values should be measured on a wider range of tropical grasses so that this factor can be taken into account when evaluating grasses in animal production systems.

scholarly journals Efficiency of energy feed supplement Cobiotic Energy in diets for cows

2019 ◽  
pp. 81-92
Author(s):  
V. Radchicov ◽  
V. Tzai ◽  
A. Kot ◽  
T. Sapsaleva ◽  
G. Besarab ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Feed Supplement ◽  
Protein Ratio ◽  
Supplement Use ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Experimental Group

The influence of feeding high-performance cows of the energy feed additive Cobiotic Energy on the physiological state and productivity have been studied. Experiments have been carried out on with groups of dairy cows with 10 animals each during 55 days. The diet of cows of the first control group consisted of haylage of cereal and leguminous plants, corn silage, molasses, cereal hay, and feed of own production. 0.3 kg of feed additive has been introduced into the diet of animals of the experimental group II 15 days before calving, in the first 10 days after calving, as compensation for energy losses, 0.75 kg 3 times a day. In the next 30 days of the milking season with the ration of animals of the experimental group II, 0.25 kg of Cobiotic Energy has been fed, sprinkling it on top of the feed mixture. It has been established that the use of feed additives in the diets of cows has a positive effect on feed intake, physiological condition and animal productivity. It was determined that concentration of metabolizable energy in 1 kg of dry matter of the diet made 9–16– 9.2 MJ. The diet contained 12.8–13.0 % of crude protein per 1 kg of dry matter, the concentration of fiber in dry matter made 22.3– 22.0 %. The sugar-protein ratio made 1.04:1; 1.0. In terms of energy nutrition, the diet of the experimental group due to the inclusion of the feed supplement was 6 MJ higher, however, it slightly affected concentration of metabolizable energy of the diet. The energy-protein ratio corresponded to 0.2– 0.21. The nitrogen balance in the rumen was positive in all the animals and was at the level of 0.13–0.4 g. Feeding animals with supplement in the diet in the last 15 days of the dry period, during the first 10 days after calving and the next 30 days of the milking period promoted activation of protein biosynthesis and energy metabolism, as evidenced by an increase in serum total protein and its albumin fraction and ultimately increased animal productivity. The studied supplement use in the diets for cows makes it possible to increase performance of cows by 8.0 %, fat content by 0.1 %, protein by 0.24 %, lactose by 0.11 %, reduce the cost of feed for obtaining natural milk by 6.1%. Key words: feed supplement Cobiotic Energy, cows, diets, blood, milk yield, feed costs, milk quality.

scholarly journals Determining Chemical Composition and Rumen Degradation Characteristics of Different Chickpea (Cicer Arietinum L.) Lines Straw

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 459 ◽  
Author(s):  
Numan Kılıçalp ◽  
Hatice Hızlı ◽  
Dürdane Mart
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Mathematical Expression ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Rumen Degradation ◽  
Ruminal Degradation ◽  
Chickpea Cultivar

This study aimed to identfy chemical composition, ruminal degradation characeristics and metabolizable energy (ME) content of five different chickpea line and a check cultivar’s straw using nylon bag technique. Feed samples were incubated as three replicates of each fistulated Holstein heifer for 0, 8, 12, 24, 36, 48, 72 and 96 h. Degradation characteristics of dry matter (DM) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) in rumen were determined by using this mathematical expression D=a+b(1-e-ct). Crude protein (CP), acid detergent fiber (ADF), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), and ash contents of straw were ranged from 5.61 to 7.42%, 51.33 to 56.0%, 63.67 to 67.0%, and 8.0 to 9.0% respectively. Besides Rapidly soluble fraction (a), potantial degradability (a+b) and effective dry matter degradability (EDDM ) were ranged from 17.86 to 21.41, 54.40 to 59.43, 49.65 to 54.91% respectively. Estimated ME of chickpea entries straw were ranged from 5.96 to 7.37 MJ/kg. Metabolizable energy content of control chickpea cultivar was significantly higher than the other chickpea straw of lines. The research values of ME revealed that significant differences were determined among the lines in terms of energy content. In addition to, a strong relationship between straw NDF level and ME content were determined.

scholarly journals Zeolite inclusion in dog extruded diets: digestibility, fecal characteristics, and palatability

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
pp. 2673
Author(s):  
Fernanda Gonçalves Lowndes ◽  
Tabyta Tamara Sabchuk ◽  
Larissa Wünsche Risolia ◽  
Ananda Portella Félix ◽  
Alex Maiorka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Small Variation ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Randomized Experimental Design ◽  
Natural Clinoptilolite ◽  
Fecal Score

Addition of zeolite to caninedietscan improve fecal characteristics, reducing its moisture and odor. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of an increasing dietary inclusion of zeolite on nutrient and energy digestibility, fecal characteristics, and diet palatability for dogsfed diets containing high soybean meal level. Two experiments were performed. The first experiment evaluated the effect of increasing concentrations (0, 10, 20, 30, 40, or 50 g/kg) of zeolite (clinoptilolite) in extruded dog foods on diet digestibility and fecal quality. Six adult dogs were distributed to treatments arranged in a 6 x 6 Latin square design. The second assessed the effect of 20 or 50 g clinoptilolite per kg of diet on food palatability, where in 20 dogs were distributedinto two tests, in a completely randomized experimental design (0 vs.20 g/kg and 0 vs. 50 g/kg zeolite). Despite the small variation, dietary zeolite inclusion reduced diet metabolizable energy content (15.4 to 14.7 MJ/kg, P < 0.05) and the coefficient of total tract apparent digestibility of dry matter (0.773 to 0.740, P < 0.05). Fecal dry matter (fDM) content increased as zeolite concentrations increased (30.4% to 36.1%, P < 0.05), but fecal score had no effect. Zeolite concentrations caused no changes (P > 0.05) in ammonia nitrogen, sialic acid, fecal pH,or diet palatability.The inclusion of up to 50 g natural clinoptilolite per kg of diet increases fDM content, maintains adequate fecal score and has no negative impact on diet palatability.

Undernutrition in grazing sheep. I. Changes in the composition of the body, blood, and rumen contents

1972 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 483 ◽  
Author(s):  
DJ Farrell ◽  
RA Leng ◽  
JL Corbett
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Tritiated Water ◽  
The Body ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Energy Requirements ◽  
Plasma Urea ◽  
Merino Sheep ◽  
Group A ◽  
Body Energy

Studies were made on three initially similar groups of adult Merino sheep at pasture; each group comprised eight animals of which four each had a rumen cannula. Group A was kept at about the initial mean liveweight of 35 kg; groups B and C were reduced in weight over 14 weeks by restriction of grazing and then held at about 26 and 23 kg respectively for 9 months. Measurements were made at intervals of 4-6 weeks of ruminal concentrations of volatile fatty acids (VFA) and ammonia, rumen volume and flow rate of digesta, tritiated water (TOH) space, and blood composition. Haemoglobin concentrations and haematocrit values decreased in the undernourished sheep, but there were no marked changes in blood β-hydroxybutyrate, or lactate, or plasma urea nitrogen. Estimates of body composition from TOH space indicated that sheep in groups B and C lost 51 and 58 Mcal respectively during the first 14 weeks; estimated fat contents were thereafter about 9 and 7% of liveweight. Metabolizable energy requirements for maintenance were calculated from estimated VFA production rates and changes in body energy content. During a 9 month period commencing shortly after shearing and extending into winter, requirements per unit liveweight were about 45% greater for the undernourished groups B and C than for group A.

Complete diets for dairy cows: comparisons of feeding to appetite with rationing according to milk yield

1980 ◽  
Vol 94 (3) ◽  
pp. 715-726 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. F. D. Greenhalgh ◽  
G. W. Reid
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Energy Requirement ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Late Winter ◽  
Early Lactation ◽  
Under Nutrition

SummaryTwo experiments were made, each with 35 autumn-calving cows fed on complete diets containing 40–70% hay and 60–30% concentrates. In both experiments, cows fed to appetite on a diet containing 11 MJ metabolizable energy/kg D.M. for weeks 7–24 of lactation ate about 20% more than cows rationed according to yield, but produced only about 3% more milk. The cows fed to appetite gained more in live weight, but lost their weight advantage during the subsequent grazing season.In Expt 1, a further group of cows were fed to appetite on diets progressively reduced in metabolizable energy content from 11·0 to 9·2 MJ/kg. Dry-matter intake decreased by about 1·2 kg/day per 1 MJ reduction in energy content. The lower dry-matter and energy intakes of cows on this treatment did not significantly reduce their milk yield, but their response when turned out to grass suggested under-nutrition in late winter. In Expt 2, increasing the energy content of the diet in early lactation (weeks 7–12) and reducing it thereafter had no significant effect on milk yield.Within each treatment group there were reasonably close relationships between energy intake and energy requirement. Nevertheless, it seems likely that the efficiency of feed utilization of cows fed on complete diets will be low unless intake is controlled by energy dilution.

scholarly journals Comparative study of the nutritive values of the different varieties of rice straw

1970 ◽  
Vol 39 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 75-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
MM Rahman ◽  
MR Alam ◽  
MR Amin ◽  
NG Das
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Rice Straw ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Lignin Content ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
P Content ◽  
Acid Detergent Fibre ◽  
Key Words Rice

Bang. J. Anim. Sci. 2010, 39(1&2): 75-82 This study was conducted to investigate the nutritional quality. The Dry matter (DM), Organic matter (OM), Crude protein (CP), Acid detergent fibre (ADF), Neutral detergent fibre (NDF), lignin, Ca and P contents of Pajam, Nijershail, Kablabadam, BR 11, BINA 5 and BRRI 29 varieties of rice straw varied from 92.21 to 93.05%, 81.21 to 86.24%, 3.49 to 5.10%, 41.38 to 46.32%, 72.16 to 77.57%, 4.3 to 6.97%, 0.10 to 0.245% and 0.046 to 0.146%, respectively. The OM content in Nijershail was significantly higher (P<0.01) than Kablabadam, BR 11, BRRI 29, Pajam and BINA 5, respectively. The variety BRRI 29 contained significantly higher (P<0.01) CP content (5.1%) than BINA 5, BR 11, Pajam, Nijershail and Kablabadam, respectively. Significantly (P<0.01) higher NDF content was found in BR 11 (77.57%) followed by Kablabadam, Nijershail, Pajam, BRRI 29 and BINA 5, respectively. Acid deter gut Fibre (ADF) content was significantly (P<0.05) higher in Nijershail (46.32%) than Kablabadam, BR 11, BINA 5, Pajam and BRRI 29, respectively. Significantly (P<0.01) higher lignin content was found in BRRI 29 (6.97%) compared to Kablabadam, BINA 5, Pajam, Nijershail and BR 11, respectively. The Ca content in Pajam and BR 11 was significantly (P<0.01) higher (0.245%) than Nijershail, BRRI 29, Kablabadam and BINA 5, respectively. BRRI 29 contained significantly (P<0.01) higher P content (0.146%) compared to BINA 5, Pajam, Nijershail, Kablabadam and BR 11, respectively. Organic Matter (OM) digestibility, and ME content in BRRI 29 was significantly (P<0.01) higher followed Nijershail, BINA 5, Pajam, Kablabadam and BR 11, respectively. Straw of BRRI 29 is expected to provide more nutrients, digestible organic nutrients and metabolizable energy to ruminants. Key words: Rice straw; Chemical composition; Energy content; Digestibility DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjas.v39i1-2.9679 Bang. J. Anim. Sci. 2010, 39(1&2): 75-82

scholarly journals The estimation of the digestibility and metabolizable energy content of ruminant feedingstuffs from the gas production when they are incubated with rumen liquor in vitro

1979 ◽  
Vol 93 (1) ◽  
pp. 217-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. H. Menke ◽  
L. Raab ◽  
A. Salewski ◽  
H. Steingass ◽  
D. Fritz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Maize Starch ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Crude Fibre Content

SUMMARYA rapid method for measuring gas production during incubation of feedingstuffs with rumen liquor in vitro is described. Gas production in 24 h from 200 mg feed dry matter was well correlated with digestibility of organic matter, determined in vivo with sheep. Multiple regression analysis, when it included data from proximate analysis, resulted in an equation (R = 0·98) for prediction of metabolizable energy content, based on 30 experiments with rations varying in protein and crude fibre content, and 59 other experiments with concentrates. Energy content was in the range of 7·7–13·2 MJ ME/kg D.M. (± S.D. = 11·17 ± 1·08). The residual standard deviation of the equation was 0·25 MJ. Gas production was measured in calibrated syringes. The only chemical determinations needed are dry matter, protein and fat. Differences in activity between batches of rumen liquor are corrected by reference to gas production with standard feedingstuffs (hay meal and maize starch).

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