scholarly journals Technology of extraction and primary processing of low-grade and off-balance ores

2020 ◽  
Vol 192 ◽  
pp. 01010
Author(s):  
Anton Cheban
Keyword(s):  
Noble Metals ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Opencast Mining ◽  
Mining Equipment ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
Primary Processing ◽  
Useful Components ◽  
Ore Minerals ◽  
Effective Development

In connection with the decline in the quality of reserves of many types of mineral wealth, there is a need to develop mining techniques and technologies that allow for effective development of deposits having increasingly hard mining conditions. In the ores of non-ferrous, rare and noble metals, the concentration of ore minerals in small classes of loosened ore mass is often observed. The paper analyzes the nature of the distribution of gold, tungsten, lead and some other useful components in the original ores, and presents methods for the treatment and primary processing of the ore mass with the separation of enriched classes. An engineering and technological solution has been proposed that provides an increase in production efficiency in opencast mining of deposits, the ores of which, after disintegration, are characterized by the enrichment of small classes, due to the separation of substandard ore siftings in the mine face directly during mining operations, their subsequent sorting and processing, as well as increased productivity and extended functionality of mining equipment. The use of the mining complex when excavating the rock mass will provide a reduction in the cost price, which will allow the complex-structured areas of the deposits to be involved in the development, composed of low-grade and off-balance ores.

scholarly journals Application of an improved mining complex for opencast mining of ore deposits

2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 441-447
Author(s):  
A. Y. Cheban
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Dump Truck ◽  
Opencast Mining ◽  
Mining Equipment ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
Mineral Raw Materials ◽  
Loading Process ◽  
Engineering Solution ◽  
Natural Concentration ◽  
Mining Complex

The purpose of the study is reducing the loss of mineral raw materials and increasing the efficiency of mining operations using a mining complex through the introduction of a new design and engineering solution that improves the equipment functionality. The study involves the analysis of known designs of mining equipment capable of providing the transformation of cyclic scooping of rock mass into its continuous loading, as well as screening of fine fractions from the ore mass. High productivity mining complexes are referred to a promising direction of mining equipment development. The article proposes an improved design of the mining complex, which allows to combine the extraction and loading process and ore mass grading. The improved mining complex is equipped with an annular conveyor with vibrating grids through which fines are screened into the accumulation hopper. From the accumulation hopper the small fractions are sent by means of a pneumatic conveying system to the bunker sections of a special-purpose hauler while the oversize product is loaded into a dump truck by a dump conveyor. The fine fractions of substandard ore collected in the bunker sections are sent for heap leaching. The fine fractions of conditioned ore are sent to the concentration plant to be processed. The proposed design and engineering solution employing an improved mining complex will reduce the cost of works and increase the recovery factor of mineral raw materials in the development of complex-structured deposits of ores characterized by natural concentration of small classes. Removal of fine ore fractions directly during the excavation and loading process can significantly reduce the dusting and decrease the loss of mineral raw materials from blowing and spilling of fine fractions.

RESEARCH OF THE EFFICIENCY OF USING «GEOVIA SURPAC» AND «MINESCHED» WHEN PLANNING MINING WORKS IN IRON QUARRY

2021 ◽  
pp. 7-15
Author(s):  
Borys Sobko ◽  
◽  
Oleksiі Lozhnikov ◽  
Vladislav Tretyakov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Production Control ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Mine Planning ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Mining Equipment ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
Mining System ◽  
Ore Minerals

Purpose. Investigate and compare monthly mine planning method using Geovia Surpac and MineSched software. Methods. The computerized research method was used to create a scenario of mining operations in Geovia software for planning monthly operations in the open pit of LLC Eristovsky MPP. Results. It was confirmed that the new software make possible to plan the extraction of ore minerals for a certain period, with the possibility of uniform supply of the concentration plant with ore minerals of the required quality. Also, it became possible to analyze in detail the extraction of minerals from the contours of the open pit and clear production control in the working contours. Scientific novelty. The dependences of the given productivity of mining equipment on the parameters of the mining system elements were established using the MineSched software. The effectiveness of determining the quality of mining minerals is established, when planning for a longer period of time using computer programs in comparison with the old method. The economic benefits of using new software with broader functionality are determined. Practical significance. A new method of planning the ore mass extraction is proposed, which made it possible to supply minerals from the pit with average quality indicators. This contributed to a more efficient product enrichment, which in turn reduced production costs. Also by the new software it was possible to reduce the time for planning mining operations, which led to a decrease in working time to complete the task and, accordingly, reduced the cost of computing operations. Keywords: pit, geological block model, monthly mining plan, Surpac software, Minesched software, batch plan.

Advanced Systems to Prevent Collisions of Mining Equipment and Personnel Accidents in Surface Mining

2020 ◽  
pp. 24-29
Author(s):  
A.F. Klebanov ◽  
M.V. Kadochnikov ◽  
V.V. Ulitin ◽  
D.N. Sizemov
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
Surface Mining ◽  
Production Cycle ◽  
Mining Equipment ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
Emergency Situations ◽  
Surface Mines ◽  
Technical Requirements ◽  
Personal Devices ◽  
Blind Spots

The article addresses the issues of ensuring safe operation of mining equipment in surface mining. It describes the main factors and situations that pose a high risk to human life and health. The most dangerous incidents are shown to be related to limited visibility and blind spots for operators of mining equipment, which can result in collisions and personnel run over. The main technologies and specific solutions used to design collision avoidance systems are described and their general comparison is provided. A particular focus is placed on monitoring the health of employees at their workplace by means of portable personal devices that promptly inform the dispatcher of emergency situations. General technical requirements are formulated for designing of the system to prevent equipment collisions and personnel run over in surface mining operations. The paper emphasizes the importance of introducing a multifunctional safety system in surface mines in order to minimise the possibility of incidents and accidents throughout the entire production cycle.

scholarly journals MARKET RELATIONS IN COAL-MINING OPERATIONS AND PRODUCTION EFFICIENCY

Ugol ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 29-34
Author(s):  
A.B. Kilin ◽  
◽  
V.A. Galkin ◽  
A.M. Makarov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coal Mining ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
Market Relations

Research on Exploration of Mineral Processing for a Iron Ore

2015 ◽  
Vol 1094 ◽  
pp. 397-400
Author(s):  
Xian Xie ◽  
Zi Xuan Yang ◽  
Xiong Tong ◽  
Ji Yong Li
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Separation ◽  
Calcium Oxide ◽  
Iron Ore ◽  
Mineral Processing ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Iron Minerals ◽  
Iron Mineral ◽  
Ore Minerals ◽  
Separation Test

Iron ore minerals are mainly silicate-type iron minerals in raw ore, and its distribution rate was 51.93%; followed by magnetic iron, and its distribution rate was 36.81%; content and distribution rate of other minerals was very low; element grade of iron, phosphorus, sulfur, silica were 11.90%, 0.043%, 0.013% and 45.23%, the main gangue were silica and calcium oxide, recyclable iron minerals mainly is magnetic iron mineral. Due to the grade of iron of raw ore and the amounts of optional magnetite was relatively little, in order to investigate the optional of low-grade ore, weak magnetic separation test and weak magnetic separation tailings-strong magnetic separation test were put into effect.

Analysis on the Steady-state Performance and Losses of a Bent-axis Type Hydraulic Motor Used in Heavy Earth Moving Machinery

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ajit Kumar Pandey ◽  
Amit Kumar ◽  
Nitish Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Electric Motor ◽  
Underground Mining ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Constant Speed ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Variable Load ◽  
Mining Equipment ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
Design Guideline

Hydraulic components play a significant role in the mining and construction equipment. It is responsible for smooth change in the output speed, torque, and power of the machine. The hydrostatic drive powered by a constant speed electric motor is widely used in the propel system of the mining equipment. Regulation of the displacements of the pump and the hydro-motor of the drive facilitates the control of the straight running and steering of the machines. In the present scenario, better efficiency and ease of control are the critical aspects to be considered in the design and selection of the hydraulic pump and motor used in underground mining operations. The bent axis hydro-motor is one such equipment that is an electro-hydraulic component that can work in an adverse working environment. The present study deals with the performance analysis of fixed displacement bent axis hydro-motor at different operating parameters such as different temperatures, sizes, viscosity at different loads, and drive speed. For analysis, the hydraulic drive consists of a variable displacement pump rotated by a constant speed electric motor and a fixed displacement hydro-motor. The regulation of the pump displacement controls the speed of the drive. Manually controlled hydrostatic drive propels the said machine against variable load demands. The present work investigates the performances of the hydro-motor used in the mining and construction machine through detailed modeling and experimentations. The steady-state performances are analyzed in terms of slip, torque losses and efficiency of the hydro-motor. The study finds the design guideline to operate the hydrostatic drive using such motors in a reasonable efficiency zone. The model is validated for various operating conditions of the equipment by comparing the predicted results with the test results. The outcome of the present work will be expedient for the preliminary design and assortment of similar hydraulic component used in the mobile, mining equipment.

Life Cycle Assessment of opencast lignite mining

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lukasz Lelek ◽  
Joanna Kulczycka
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Underground Mining ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Cycle Phase ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
Lignite Mining

Abstract The life cycle phase of fossil fuel extraction is mainly considered in the LCA when evaluating the energy production processes. It is then only one of many unit processes, which contribute to the blurring of mining-relevant results. There are few items in the literature focusing exclusively on the lignite mining phase and analysing the specific mining conditions and associated environmental impacts. The article focuses on the LCA of lignite mining pro-cesses on the basis of data coming from a Polish mine. The technology for opencast lignite mining is noted for its high production efficiency, high level of recovery and lower risk as regards the safety of workers when compared with underground mining systems. However, the need to remove large amounts of overburden to uncover the deposit contributes to a much greater degradation of the landscape. Analysing the results obtained, several key (hot spot) elements of the lignite mining operations were distinguished for modelling the environmental impact, i.e.: calorific value, the amount of electricity consumption, the manner in which waste and overburden are managed. As a result there is a high sensitivity of the final indicator to changes in these impacts.

INTENSIFICATION OF DISPERSED AND FINE-GRAINED SILVER EXTRACTION IN CYANIDE HEAP LEACHING OF GOLD

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (8) ◽  
pp. 40-48
Author(s):  
Yu. Rubtsov ◽  
◽  
А. Trubachev ◽  
E. Voronov ◽  
A. Lavrov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Noble Metals ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Chemical Activation ◽  
Precious Metals ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Heap Leaching ◽  
Sodium Cyanide ◽  
Cycle Duration ◽  
Mining Equipment ◽  
Gold Bearing

Since the cost of gold has increased by an order of magnitude over the past 20 years, gold mining began to be carried out from ores that are not previously acceptable for heap leaching (HL) technology – these are refractory ores with thin and ultrafine inclusions of precious metals, ore with an increased silver content. In the Russian Federation, classical representations in the field of gold and silver HL prevail in design solutions. At the same time, the problem of silver leaching is considered in terms of the associated extraction of the main component. This approach is determined by a limited set of technological measures that have become an integral part of the classic technological regulation: ore crushing to the class –200–40 mm, sodium cyanide consumption at the level of 0,5 kg/t; pH value – 10,5; cycle duration 65 days or more; gold concentration in production solutions – fractions, mg/l; using activated carbon for sorption of noble metals. Processing ores with silver contents of 30 g/t and a more classical approach to gold HL does not allow to increase the degree of extraction. There is a need to modernize the circuit or change the parameters of the technological regulations. The object of the study was a sample of poor quartz ore provided by the customer developing one of the gold and silver deposits of the Far Eastern Federal District, the object was to increase the degree of leaching of silver from poor gold-bearing ores without changing the technological scheme and without attracting additional mining equipment. Critical analysis of literary data was carried out and the main directions of gold production from poor gold-bearing ores were identified. Chemical and mineralogical compositions of silver-containing minerals and ore rocks were investigated. Forms of association of silver with ore minerals and rocks have been established. The option of physical and chemical activation of increase of reactivity of cyanide solutions during heap leaching of silver from poor gold-bearing ores is chosen. In laboratory conditions, it was found that an increase in the concentration of sodium cyanide by 6 times or more contributes to a satisfactory extraction of gold both in agitation and percolation leaching of silver. However, in the latter case, the positive result was obtained only with the use of solutions with increased reactivity

scholarly journals Liberation Characteristics of Ta–Sn Ores from Penouta, NW Spain

Minerals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 509
Author(s):  
Pura Alfonso ◽  
Sarbast Ahmad Hamid ◽  
Hernan Anticoi ◽  
Maite Garcia-Valles ◽  
Josep Oliva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Mica ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Economic Interest ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Nw Spain ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Mineral Associations ◽  
Ore Minerals ◽  
Automated Mineralogy ◽  
Scanning Electron

The strategic importance of tantalum and its scarcity in Europe makes its recovery from low grade deposits and tailings interesting. In Penouta, the contents of Ta and Sn in old tailings from an Sn mine are of economic interest. Due to the relatively low grade of Ta of around 100 ppm, a detailed study of the mineralogy and liberation conditions is necessary. In this study, the mineralogy and the liberation characteristics of Sn and Ta ores of the Penouta tailings were investigated and compared with the current leucogranite outcropping ores. The characterization was conducted through X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and electron microprobe. In addition, automated mineralogy techniques were used to determine the mineral associations and liberation characteristics of ore minerals. The grade of the leucogranite outcropping was found to be about 80 ppm for Ta and 400 ppm for Sn, and in the tailings used for the liberation study, the concentrations of Ta and Sn were about 100 ppm Ta and 500 ppm Sn, respectively. In both, the leucogranite outcropping and tailings, the major minerals found were quartz, albite, K-feldspar, and white mica. Ore minerals identified were columbite-group minerals (CGM), microlite, and cassiterite. The majority of CGM examined were associated with cassiterite, quartz, and muscovite particle compositions and cassiterite was mainly associated with CGM, quartz, and muscovite. The liberation size was 180 µm for CGM.

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