scholarly journals Optimization of parameters and operating modes of the rotary working body for harrowing agricultural crops

2020 ◽  
Vol 193 ◽  
pp. 01021
Author(s):  
Alexander Serguntsov ◽  
Victoria Serguntsova
Keyword(s):  
Soil Layer ◽  
Vertical Plane ◽  
Agricultural Crops ◽  
Optimization Of Parameters ◽  
Disk Diameter ◽  
Operating Modes ◽  
Disk Size ◽  
Flat Disk ◽  
Rotary Disk ◽  
Working Bodies

The rotary working body with evenly spaced needles along the perimeter is a flat disk (rotating in a longitudinally vertical plane). The technological process of interaction with the soil consists in the fact that when the rotary disk is rolled in the soil layer, the needle is inserted into it, crushing and shifting the soil in the direction of rotation. The degree of soil loosening, rotating freely in a longitudinal vertical plane of the needle disk on the axis depends on several parameters: disk diameter, number of needles, speed, and soil properties. An experimental study of needle working bodies was performed in terms of the influence of the disk size, the number of needles and the speed of movement on the process of soil crumbling.

scholarly journals Operational parameters and modes of rotary working body for harrowing crops

2019 ◽  
Vol 126 ◽  
pp. 00023 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Serguntsov ◽  
Victoria Serguntsova ◽  
Nikolai Malashikhin
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Technological Process ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Vertical Plane ◽  
Operational Parameters ◽  
Progressive Motion ◽  
Flat Disk ◽  
Rotary Disk ◽  
Analytical Research ◽  
Working Bodies

A rotary working body with evenly spaced needles along perimeter is a flat disk (rotating in longitudinal–vertical plane). The technological process of interaction with soil is that when rolling rotary disk in soil layer, needle is introduced into it, crushing and shifting soil in direction of rotation. The degree of soil loosening of freely rotating needle disk on axis in longitudinal–vertical plane depends on several parameters: diameter of a disk, number and shape of needles, speed of progressive motion, soil properties. There was made an analytical research of needle working bodies in terms of influence of sizes of disk and needles on process of their interaction with soil.

scholarly journals Theoretical justification of the main parameters of the coulter group of the sod seeder for strip sowing

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 321-331
Author(s):  
V. A. Sysuev ◽  
S. L. Demshin ◽  
D. A. Cheremisinov ◽  
M. S. Doronin
Keyword(s):  
Soil Layer ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
Design Stage ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Theoretical Justification ◽  
Torsion Spring ◽  
Operating Modes ◽  
Working Bodies ◽  
Compact Design

Increasing the efficiency of direct strip sowing of grass seeds by means of seeders with active furrow openers is possible when seed and fertilizer working bodies are removed from the zone of operation of disk milling cutters. A structural and technological scheme of the coulter group of the sod seeder for strip sowing is proposed, which consists of a milling furrow opener, fertilizer and seed coulters mounted on leashes in the form of torsion spring trailers, and a rolling roller. To ensure high quality multilevel sowing of grass seeds and granules of mineral fertilizers, it is necessary at the design stage to determine the length of the fertilizer coulter sides, which prevent premature shedding of soil from the furrow walls until the mineral fertilizer granules reach the bottom of the furrow, and the minimum allowable distance between the fertilizer and seed coulters, which allows to cover the granules of mineral fertilizers with soil completely while maintaining the compact design of the coulter group. In the course of theoretical research, mathematical dependences were obtained to determine the rational parameters and operating modes of the coulter group of the proposed design, which will ensure a minimum spread of mineral fertilizer granules over the depth of incorporation and a high stability of the soil layer thickness between mineral fertilizer granules and grass seeds. Rational parameters of the coulter group of the proposed design are determined for the range of operating speeds of the sod seeder for strip sowing: angle at the apex of the shank fertilizer coulter in the horizontal plane is 15-20º, the length of the fertilizer coulter sides is 0.040-0.045 m, the width of the fertilizer coulter bell is 0.02 m, minimum permissible distance between the fertilizer and seed coulters is 0.14-0.16 м.

scholarly journals Justification of the operating modes of the needle disk of a new design

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 70-75
Author(s):  
A.N. Shmidt ◽  
◽  
A.A. Kem ◽  
M.S. Chekusov ◽  
D.E. Kuz'min ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Residues ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Angle Of Attack ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Perennial Grasses ◽  
Technical Solution ◽  
Soil Cultivation ◽  
Operating Modes ◽  
Loam Soil ◽  
Working Bodies

The preservation and accumulation of productive soil moisture in areas with insufficient moisture and subject to wind erosion does not lose its relevance. Known disc needle-like working bodies of rotary harrows, intended for surface treatment on stubble backgrounds, are mainly aimed at loos-ening the upper soil layer. An incorrectly selected mode of using existing needle harrows is danger-ous by excessive spraying and drying out of the surface of fertile soil. In this regard, there was pro-posed a new technical solution for a needle disk with a changing shape of needles, which makes it possible to loosen the top layer of soil from making holes on the surface of the field. A tillage tool with needle discs consists of a hub with needles fixed on it. The disc is installed afrontal, each nee-dle is made of a variable shape, the first half made from the base of the needle is square, and the second half is pyramidal with a top at the end of the needle. The use of such needle discs with nee-dles, which more easily penetrate the soil make it possible to efficiently chop up crop residues and loosen the soil, which improves the quality of soil cultivation. The tests of the new needle disk against the background of perennial grasses made it possible to substantiate the main operating pa-rameters of the new working body. For sandy loam soil with a hardness of 14.5 kPa with an ag-rophone of perennial grasses, such as awnless rump and alfalfa, it was found that the maximum pa-rameter for moisture accumulation will be achieved at a speed of 7 km / h with an angle of attack equal to 0 °, and loosening at a speed of 9 km / h with an angle of attack of 16 °. A rational parame-ter, at which not only moisture accumulation occurs, but also high-quality soil cultivation, is achieved when the angle of attack is set to 4 ° and the speed of the unit is 7 km / h.

scholarly journals THE INFLUENCE OF PLANT LIFTER OPERATING MODES ON THE DIGGING QUALITY OF PLANTING MATERIAL

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 203-208
Author(s):  
Igor' Kazakov
Keyword(s):  
Root System ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Root Systems ◽  
Operating Speed ◽  
Considerable Effort ◽  
Operating Modes ◽  
Planting Material ◽  
Forest Nurseries ◽  
Working Bodies

One of the important indicators of the quality of planting material grown in forest nurseries is preservation of roots and the amount of soil remaining on the root system of plants when they are excavated. Machines used in forest nurseries for digging planting material do not fully meet these requirements, since soil layer is not sufficiently loosened and soil is not separated from the root systems of plants. In addition, considerable effort is required to extract plants from the soil, and part of the roots is cut off. Modern plant lifters with active working bodies enable to separate the soil from the root systems of plants and ensure safety of the required amount on them, reducing the effort to extract plants from the soil. The article presents the results of studies of the influence of plant lifter operating modes on the quality of planting material harvesting, on the basis of which the rational oscillation frequency of the levers and beats within 675 counts/min is substantiated when applying one oscillation of 5.4 cm/count and operating speed 2.2 km/h. These operation modes of plant lifter ensure the preservation of soil on the root system of enlarged spruce seedlings in the amount of 136.2 g and allowable effort to remove them from the soil within 36.4 N.

scholarly journals Optimization of the design and technological parameters of an active ripper of a combined working body

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 00068
Author(s):  
S. A. Ivanaisky ◽  
M. A. Kanaev ◽  
Y. A. Kirov ◽  
M. S. Ivanaisky ◽  
S. V. Denisov
Keyword(s):  
Soil Layer ◽  
Winter Period ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Quality Performance ◽  
Soil Cultivation ◽  
Surface Moisture ◽  
Tillage Operation ◽  
Working Bodies

The research objective is to improve the quality of soil loosening using combined working bodies for surface moisture-retaining soil cultivation. The efficiency of accumulation and conservation of precipitation in the autumn-winter period depends on the method of post-harvest soil cultivation. One of them is the autumn surface water-retaining treatment, which makes it possible to increase the efficiency of the processes of accumulation and conservation of moisture due to the deeper loosening of the cultivated soil layer. During loosening and mulching, the top layer of the soil contributes to the accumulation and preservation of moisture not only in the upper but also in deeper soil horizons. However, the used tillage tools do not fully solve the problem of the high-quality performance of surface moisture-retaining soil cultivation. The article presents the results of studies of the degree of influence of geometric and technological parameters of the additional active cultivator on the quality of surface tillage. Based on the results of the research carried out, the technological process of performing the surface tillage operation has been improved and combined working bodies have been developed for its implementation.

scholarly journals Дослідження безприводного ротаційного органу адаптера до сівалки просапних культур

2018 ◽  
pp. 153-160
Author(s):  
Є. Я. Прасолов ◽  
С. А. Бєловол ◽  
Б. С. Черненко ◽  
А. В. Ужищенко ◽  
А. В. Шеметюк
Keyword(s):  
Fractional Composition ◽  
Technological Scheme ◽  
Field Profile ◽  
Transverse Beam ◽  
Soil Cultivation ◽  
Operating Modes ◽  
Soil Hardness ◽  
Working Bodies ◽  
Rotary Device

Представлено результати розробки безприводного ротаційного органу адаптера до сівалки просапних культур. Проведено аналіз робочих органів ґрунтообробних машин; обґрунтовано ґрунтообробний адаптер; визначено кути афронтальності й нахилу дискового  органу; проведено порівняльну оцінку показників твердості ґрунту; визначено раціональні параметри і режими роботи робочого органу; визначено фракційний склад ґрунту та розпушення робочим органом; проведено  дослідження з визначення раціонального кута φ робочого органу; встановлено поздовжній профіль насіннєвого ложа; виконано співвідношення ширини і глибини обробленої смуги; визначено коефіцієнти к1 і к2  у формулі тягового опору безприводного ротаційного органу. Для  підвищення якості передпосівного обробітку ґрунту запропоновано адаптер із безприводним ротаційним органом до сівалок, який складається з поперечної балки рами, на якій розташовані секції безприводного ротаційного органу. Для копіювання профілю поля кожна секція забезпечена паралелограмною підвіскою і підпружиненою штангою. Крім поперечної балки  рама адаптера складається з двох автозчіпок, які слугують для агрегатування з трактором, а автозчеплення з сівалкою, пов'язаних між собою поздовжніми балками.  Проведено випробування результатів науково-дослідної роботи, яким підтверджено ефективність та доцільність для використання у господарстві ПП Агрофірма «Анастасія» Глобинського району Полтавської області. The article presents the results of the development of a non-rotating rotational organ of the soil-working adapter to a seed drill of cultivating crops. The analysis of working bodies of soil-working machines was carried out; the constructive-technological scheme of the soil-working adapter is substantiated; defined angles of inclination and inclination of the disc body; comparative estimation of soil hardness indexes; defined rational parameters and operating modes of the working body; determined fractional composition of soil and loosening by the working body;  researches have been conducted to determine the rational angle φ of the working organ; the longitudinal profile of the seed bed is established; the ratio of the width and depth of the treated strip is executed; the coefficients k1 and k2 in the formula of the traction resistance of the non-driven rotational body are determined. To improve the quality of pre-sowing soil cultivation, an adapter with a rotary rotary device to the seeders is proposed. It consists of a transverse beam of a frame, on which, with the help of brackets, there are sections of a non-rotating rotary body. To improve the quality of pre-sowing soil cultivation, an adapter with a rotary device to the seeders is offered. It consists of a transverse beam of a frame, on which, with the help of brackets, there are sections of a non-rotating rotary body. To copy the field profile, each section is provided with a parallelogram suspension and a spring-loaded rod. In addition to the transverse beam of the adapter frame consists of two auto-scraps, which serve for aggregating with the tractor, and auto-coupling with a drill, connected by a longitudinal beam. The testing of research results has been carried out, which confirms the efficiency and expediency for use in the farm of the PP agricultural firm «Anastasia» in Globyno district, Poltava region.

scholarly journals JUSTIFICATION OF THE METHOD AND DEVICE FOR TREATMENT AND SOWING OF SUGAR BEETS AND THE APPLICATION OF THE RESULTS IN PREPARATION TECHNOLOGIES

2020 ◽  
pp. 42-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vasiliy Kurilo ◽  
Viktor Pryshlyak
Keyword(s):  
Fractional Composition ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Approximate Model ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Sugar Beets ◽  
Top Soil ◽  
Field Germination ◽  
Working Bodies ◽  
Scientific Practical ◽  
The Cost

The article describes advanced technological processes of pre-sowing of soil and sowing of sugar beet, which positively influences innovative development of beet-growing and scientific-practical project preparation of future specialists in agro-engineering in higher education institutions. In order to increase the field germination of seeds and to ensure the uniform placement of plants in rows, as well as to reduce the cost of growing sugar beets for pre-sowing soil and sowing, a new method is proposed and a device for pre-sowing tillage in the row area is developed. This method ensures that the topsoil is loosened and compacted while sowing the seed only in the row area without loosening it in the row spacing with successively positioned rotating working bodies, planar paws and rolls. According to the results of the researches, an approximate model of the optimal composition of the top soil layer in the aisles and in the row area by its fractional composition and density was developed, the parameters of the working bodies for the pre-sowing tillage were grounded. Initial data were also obtained and initial agrotechnical requirements for the unit for pre-sowing soil and sowing beet seeds were developed. Application of technological process with optimally grounded parameters of strip pre-sowing tillage in the area of rows and sowing of seeds in one pass of the unit and technical means for its execution gives the opportunity to qualitatively prepare the soil with formation of the most favorable fractional composition for seed germination. This increases the field germination of seeds and the uniform distribution of plants in rows, reducing the cost of fuel and direct operating costs of growing sugar beets. The results of the research can be used to improve and optimize zonal technologies and facilities for growing sugar beets, as well as in the educational process and scientific activities of students.

scholarly journals ON THE ISSUE OF APPLICATION OF MICROELEMENT ADDITIVES IN THECOMPOSITION OF AGROCHEMICAL RECLAMATION TECHNIQUES ON DEGRADED CHERNOZEMS

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (4(73)) ◽  
pp. 27-29
Author(s):  
A.V. Ilinskij
Keyword(s):  
Crop Yields ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Soil Formation ◽  
Element Composition ◽  
Enzymatic Reactions ◽  
Agricultural Crops ◽  
Specific Element ◽  
The World ◽  
Complex Methods

Features of soil formation and the specific element composition of the parent rock of podzolized and leached chernozems of the Ryazan region predetermined the specifics of the content of trace elements in the arable soil layer. For example, the content of such important microelements for agricultural crops as molybdenum and manganese is lower than the criteria for the global assessment of the "soil of the world". These microelements are involved in metabolism and enzymatic reactions, their lack leads to both a decreasein crop yields and a deterioration in the quality of crop products. It is possible to correct this situation by using trace element additives in the development of complex methods of agrochemical reclamation of degraded chernozems

scholarly journals Influence of Rheological Properties of a Soil Layer Adjacent to the Working Body Cutting Element on the Mechanism of Soil Cultivation

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 153-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor Aulin ◽  
Oleg Lyashuk ◽  
Andrii Tykhyi ◽  
Sergiy Karpushyn ◽  
Nadia Denysiuk
Keyword(s):  
Linear Viscoelasticity ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Measuring System ◽  
Virgin Soil ◽  
Deformation Structure ◽  
Soil Cultivation ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
Soil Destruction ◽  
Working Bodies ◽  
Special Strain

Abstract On the basis of rheological characteristics, stress fields and deformations, new methods of improving the mechanism of soil cultivation are substantiated in this article. The mechanism of soil destruction is observed. Paper investigates the process of changing the stressed-deformed state of the soil under the influence of the working body. To study the viscoelastic properties of black earth soil, the method of amplitude sweeping with a measuring system of parallel high planes was applied using a modular rheometer MCR-302 (Anton Paar, Austria). Range of linear viscoelasticity of virgin soil was found to reach 0.1% deformation; range of linear viscoelasticity of cultivated field area is smaller by an order of magnitude – to 0.02% deformation. Structure destruction (the point of equality of modules) of virgin soil occurs at 20% deformation; structure of long steam soil destructs at 8% deformation. Technique of measuring the isobar zones distribution in horizontal and vertical planes by means of special strain gauges of the LPX 5000 model was developed. To reproduce the force pattern of the working bodies’ effect on soil environment, the measuring complex MIC 400D is used; stress-strain state of the soil is defined.

scholarly journals Analysis of the dependence of soil moisture accumulation on the method of basic soil cultivation

2021 ◽  
pp. 61-64
Author(s):  
Vasiliy Mihaylovich Boykov ◽  
Sergey Viktorovich Startsev ◽  
Igor Leonidovich Vorotnikov ◽  
Andrey Vladimirovich Pavlov
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Structural State ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Arable Soil ◽  
Soil Cultivation ◽  
Working Bodies

Schemes of applied technologies of the main winter tillage in the direction of accumulation and preservation of moisture in a meter layer of soil are considered. The article presents an analysis of the structural state of the arable soil layer when using tillage tools with disc working bodies, deep-diggers with pointed legs, plows with chisel stands, tools with a combination of disc and flat-cutting working bodies, tools with a combination of chisel and disc working bodies,. 

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