scholarly journals Operational parameters and modes of rotary working body for harrowing crops

2019 ◽  
Vol 126 ◽  
pp. 00023 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Serguntsov ◽  
Victoria Serguntsova ◽  
Nikolai Malashikhin
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Technological Process ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Vertical Plane ◽  
Operational Parameters ◽  
Progressive Motion ◽  
Flat Disk ◽  
Rotary Disk ◽  
Analytical Research ◽  
Working Bodies

A rotary working body with evenly spaced needles along perimeter is a flat disk (rotating in longitudinal–vertical plane). The technological process of interaction with soil is that when rolling rotary disk in soil layer, needle is introduced into it, crushing and shifting soil in direction of rotation. The degree of soil loosening of freely rotating needle disk on axis in longitudinal–vertical plane depends on several parameters: diameter of a disk, number and shape of needles, speed of progressive motion, soil properties. There was made an analytical research of needle working bodies in terms of influence of sizes of disk and needles on process of their interaction with soil.

scholarly journals Optimization of parameters and operating modes of the rotary working body for harrowing agricultural crops

2020 ◽  
Vol 193 ◽  
pp. 01021
Author(s):  
Alexander Serguntsov ◽  
Victoria Serguntsova
Keyword(s):  
Soil Layer ◽  
Vertical Plane ◽  
Agricultural Crops ◽  
Optimization Of Parameters ◽  
Disk Diameter ◽  
Operating Modes ◽  
Disk Size ◽  
Flat Disk ◽  
Rotary Disk ◽  
Working Bodies

The rotary working body with evenly spaced needles along the perimeter is a flat disk (rotating in a longitudinally vertical plane). The technological process of interaction with the soil consists in the fact that when the rotary disk is rolled in the soil layer, the needle is inserted into it, crushing and shifting the soil in the direction of rotation. The degree of soil loosening, rotating freely in a longitudinal vertical plane of the needle disk on the axis depends on several parameters: disk diameter, number of needles, speed, and soil properties. An experimental study of needle working bodies was performed in terms of the influence of the disk size, the number of needles and the speed of movement on the process of soil crumbling.

Computing Model for Vibratory Digging-Out of Sugar Beet Roots

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 52-60
Author(s):  
V. Bulgakov ◽  
V. Adamchuk ◽  
H. Kaletnyk
Keyword(s):  
Differential Equations ◽  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Vertical Plane ◽  
Forward Motion ◽  
Admissible Velocity ◽  
Beet Root ◽  
Optimum Speed ◽  
Analytical Research ◽  
Sugar Beet Root ◽  
The Given

The new design mathematical model of the sugar beet roots vibration digging-out process with the plowshare vibration digging working part has been created. In this case the sugar beet root is simulated as a solid body , while the plowshare vibration digging working part accomplishes fl uctuations in the longitudinal - vertical plane with the given amplitude and frequency in the process of work . The aim of the current research has been to determine the dependences between the design and kinematic parameters of the sugar beet roots vibra- tion digging-out technological process from soil , which provide the ir non-damage. Methods . For the aim ac- complishment, the methods of design mathematical models constructing based on the classical laws of me- chanics are applied. The solution of the obtained differential equations is accomplished with the PC involve- ment. Results . The differential equations of the sugar beet root’s motion in course of the vibration digging-out have been comprised . They allow to determine the admissible velocity of the vibration digging working part’s forward motion depending on the angular parameters of the latter. In the result of the computational simula- tion i.e., the solution of the obtained analytical dependence by PC, the graphic dependences of the admissible velocity of plowshare v ibration digging working part’s forward motion providing the extraction of the sugar beet root from soil without the breaking-off of its tail section have been determined. Conclusions . Due to the performed analytical research , it has been established that γ = 13 ... 16 ° , β = 20 ... 30 ° should be considered as the most reasonable values of γ and β angles of the vibration digging working part providing both its forward motion optimum speed and sugar beet root digging-out from the soil without damage . On the ground of the data obtained from the analytical rese arch, the new vibration digging working parts for the sugar beet roots have been designed; also the patents of Ukraine for the inventions have been obtained for them.

Corrigendum to: Conservation agriculture effects on soil properties and crop productivity in a semiarid region of India

Soil Research ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 200 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Somasundaram ◽  
M. Salikram ◽  
N. K. Sinha ◽  
M. Mohanty ◽  
R. S. Chaudhary ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Conservation Agriculture ◽  
Semiarid Region ◽  
Reduced Tillage ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Residue Retention

Conservation agriculture (CA) including reduced or no-tillage and crop residue retention, is known to be a self–sustainable system as well as an alternative to residue burning. The present study evaluated the effect of reduced tillage coupled with residue retention under different cropping systems on soil properties and crop yields in a Vertisol of a semiarid region of central India. Two tillage systems – conventional tillage (CT) with residue removed, and reduced tillage (RT) with residue retained – and six major cropping systems of this region were examined after 3 years of experimentation. Results demonstrated that soil moisture content, mean weight diameter, percent water stable aggregates (>0.25mm) for the 0–15cm soil layer were significantly (Pmoderately labile>less labile. At the 0–15cm depth, the contributions of moderately labile, less labile and non-labile C fractions to total organic C were 39.3%, 10.3% and 50.4% respectively in RT and corresponding values for CT were 38.9%, 11.7% and 49.4%. Significant differences in different C fractions were observed between RT and CT. Soil microbial biomass C concentration was significantly higher in RT than CT at 0–15cm depth. The maize–chickpea cropping system had significantly (P–1 followed by soybean+pigeon pea (2:1) intercropping (3.50 t ha–1) and soybean–wheat cropping systems (2.97 t ha–1). Thus, CA practices could be sustainable management practices for improving soil health and crop yields of rainfed Vertisols in these semiarid regions.

scholarly journals Optimization of the design and technological parameters of an active ripper of a combined working body

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 00068
Author(s):  
S. A. Ivanaisky ◽  
M. A. Kanaev ◽  
Y. A. Kirov ◽  
M. S. Ivanaisky ◽  
S. V. Denisov
Keyword(s):  
Soil Layer ◽  
Winter Period ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Quality Performance ◽  
Soil Cultivation ◽  
Surface Moisture ◽  
Tillage Operation ◽  
Working Bodies

The research objective is to improve the quality of soil loosening using combined working bodies for surface moisture-retaining soil cultivation. The efficiency of accumulation and conservation of precipitation in the autumn-winter period depends on the method of post-harvest soil cultivation. One of them is the autumn surface water-retaining treatment, which makes it possible to increase the efficiency of the processes of accumulation and conservation of moisture due to the deeper loosening of the cultivated soil layer. During loosening and mulching, the top layer of the soil contributes to the accumulation and preservation of moisture not only in the upper but also in deeper soil horizons. However, the used tillage tools do not fully solve the problem of the high-quality performance of surface moisture-retaining soil cultivation. The article presents the results of studies of the degree of influence of geometric and technological parameters of the additional active cultivator on the quality of surface tillage. Based on the results of the research carried out, the technological process of performing the surface tillage operation has been improved and combined working bodies have been developed for its implementation.

Improvement of technical means for processing waste from logging operations for fuel chips in felling conditions

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergey Fokin
Keyword(s):  
Forest Fires ◽  
Hydraulic System ◽  
Economic Effect ◽  
Heat Energy ◽  
Wood Waste ◽  
Processing Waste ◽  
Operational Parameters ◽  
Additional Source ◽  
Milling Machines ◽  
Working Bodies

Currently, wood waste in the form of a dissected crown on the ground and the root fraction of the tree's biomass in the ground remain in felling areas, becoming potentially dangerous combustible materials in the event of forest fires, as well as obstacles to reforestation activities, and possible foci of infections. Shredding wood waste into wood chips will solve the problem of their disposal by using fuel chips as an additional source of heat energy. In the present work, the influence of design and operational parameters of milling machines with a modernized hydraulic system and equipped with active working bodies on the process of shredding wood waste is established. The annual economic effect from the introduction of the developed complex of wood waste shredding machines and economic indicators from the use of fuel chips are given. This publication is intended for undergraduates and postgraduates engaged in scientific research in the field of forestry mechanization.

Investigation of the process of cutting seedling roots when pruning and digging out

10.12737/4529 ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 216-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Казаков ◽  
V. Kazakov ◽  
Казаков ◽  
I. Kazakov
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Strength ◽  
Technological Process ◽  
Geometric Parameters ◽  
Seedling Roots ◽  
Root Cutting ◽  
Working Bodies

The features of the process performed with root cutter and plant lifter, as well as the forces acting on their working bodies are examined. It was established that resistance to the root cutting increases with an increase in their number and diameter, but also depends on their mechanical strength. The studies obtained dependences of forces acting on the working bodies in accordance with their geometric parameters and specific application of technological process that can be used in the development of root cutters and plant lifters.

Relationship Between Soil Properties and the Growth of Legumes on Acid Wodjil Soils in Western Australia

1985 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 299 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Snowball ◽  
AD Robson
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Western Australia ◽  
Surface Soil ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Trifolium Subterraneum ◽  
Chloride Content ◽  
Aluminium Toxicity ◽  
Low Ph ◽  
Surface Soil Layer ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship between vegetation and soil properties in part of the eastern wheatbelt of Western Australia was investigated. Soil in the Burracoppin Reserve supporting wodjil vegetation (Acacia beauverdiana, A. signata and Allocasuarina corniculata) had a very low pH in the 4.3-5.0 cm surface soil layer, a very low level of mineralizable N and a low chloride content compared to soils supporting Eucalyptus spp. All soils were low in exchangeable potassium and bicarbonate-extractable phosphorus. Acacia signata and Trifolium subterraneum were grown on a soil from Merredin supporting wodjil vegetation. Neither species responded markedly to lime when grown on the surface soil (0-5 cm). However, growth of both species on the subsoil (30-40 cm) was enhanced with the addition of lime. Increased growth of A. signata was probably associated with the alleviation of manganese toxicity which had been induced in this experiment. By contrast, increased growth of T. subterraneum was probably associated with the alleviation of aluminium toxicity.

Microbial biomass carbon and some soil properties as influenced by long-term sodic-water irrigation, gypsum, and organic amendments

Soil Research ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joginder Kaur ◽  
O. P. Choudhary ◽  
Bijay-Singh
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Microbial Biomass Carbon ◽  
Farmyard Manure ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Organic Amendments ◽  
Biomass Carbon ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Sodic Water

Long-term sodic-water irrigation may adversely affect the quality of soil organic carbon along with some soil properties. The extent to which the adverse effects can be ameliorated through the use of gypsum and amendments needs to be known. Soil properties and microbial biomass carbon (MBC) were studied after 14 years of sodic water (SW) irrigation and application of different levels of gypsum, farmyard manure (FYM), green manure (GM), and wheat straw (WS) to a sandy loam soil. Irrigation with SW increased pH, electrical conductivity, sodium adsorption ratio, exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP), and bulk density, and decreased final infiltration rate of soil. Application of gypsum and organic amendments reversed these trends. Decrease in MBC due to SW irrigation was from 132.5 to 44.6 mg/kg soil in the 0–75 mm soil layer and from 49.0 to 17.3 mg/kg soil in the 75–150 mm soil layer. Application of gypsum and organic amendments significantly increased MBC; GM and FYM were more effective than WS. Changes in soil ESP explained 85 and 75% variation in MBC in the unamended and organically amended SW treatments, respectively. Soil pH as additional variable improved the predictability of MBC to 96% and 77%. Irrigation with SW reduced yield of rice plus wheat by 5 t/ha. Application of gypsum and organic amendments significantly increased the rice and wheat yield; it was significantly correlated with MBC (r = 0.56**, n = 60). It confirms that MBC rather than organic C is a more sensitive indicator of environmental stresses in soils caused by long-term sodic water irrigation.

scholarly journals JUSTIFICATION OF THE METHOD AND DEVICE FOR TREATMENT AND SOWING OF SUGAR BEETS AND THE APPLICATION OF THE RESULTS IN PREPARATION TECHNOLOGIES

2020 ◽  
pp. 42-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vasiliy Kurilo ◽  
Viktor Pryshlyak
Keyword(s):  
Fractional Composition ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Approximate Model ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Sugar Beets ◽  
Top Soil ◽  
Field Germination ◽  
Working Bodies ◽  
Scientific Practical ◽  
The Cost

The article describes advanced technological processes of pre-sowing of soil and sowing of sugar beet, which positively influences innovative development of beet-growing and scientific-practical project preparation of future specialists in agro-engineering in higher education institutions. In order to increase the field germination of seeds and to ensure the uniform placement of plants in rows, as well as to reduce the cost of growing sugar beets for pre-sowing soil and sowing, a new method is proposed and a device for pre-sowing tillage in the row area is developed. This method ensures that the topsoil is loosened and compacted while sowing the seed only in the row area without loosening it in the row spacing with successively positioned rotating working bodies, planar paws and rolls. According to the results of the researches, an approximate model of the optimal composition of the top soil layer in the aisles and in the row area by its fractional composition and density was developed, the parameters of the working bodies for the pre-sowing tillage were grounded. Initial data were also obtained and initial agrotechnical requirements for the unit for pre-sowing soil and sowing beet seeds were developed. Application of technological process with optimally grounded parameters of strip pre-sowing tillage in the area of rows and sowing of seeds in one pass of the unit and technical means for its execution gives the opportunity to qualitatively prepare the soil with formation of the most favorable fractional composition for seed germination. This increases the field germination of seeds and the uniform distribution of plants in rows, reducing the cost of fuel and direct operating costs of growing sugar beets. The results of the research can be used to improve and optimize zonal technologies and facilities for growing sugar beets, as well as in the educational process and scientific activities of students.

scholarly journals Theoretical justification of the main parameters of the coulter group of the sod seeder for strip sowing

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 321-331
Author(s):  
V. A. Sysuev ◽  
S. L. Demshin ◽  
D. A. Cheremisinov ◽  
M. S. Doronin
Keyword(s):  
Soil Layer ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Theoretical Research ◽  
Design Stage ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Theoretical Justification ◽  
Torsion Spring ◽  
Operating Modes ◽  
Working Bodies ◽  
Compact Design

Increasing the efficiency of direct strip sowing of grass seeds by means of seeders with active furrow openers is possible when seed and fertilizer working bodies are removed from the zone of operation of disk milling cutters. A structural and technological scheme of the coulter group of the sod seeder for strip sowing is proposed, which consists of a milling furrow opener, fertilizer and seed coulters mounted on leashes in the form of torsion spring trailers, and a rolling roller. To ensure high quality multilevel sowing of grass seeds and granules of mineral fertilizers, it is necessary at the design stage to determine the length of the fertilizer coulter sides, which prevent premature shedding of soil from the furrow walls until the mineral fertilizer granules reach the bottom of the furrow, and the minimum allowable distance between the fertilizer and seed coulters, which allows to cover the granules of mineral fertilizers with soil completely while maintaining the compact design of the coulter group. In the course of theoretical research, mathematical dependences were obtained to determine the rational parameters and operating modes of the coulter group of the proposed design, which will ensure a minimum spread of mineral fertilizer granules over the depth of incorporation and a high stability of the soil layer thickness between mineral fertilizer granules and grass seeds. Rational parameters of the coulter group of the proposed design are determined for the range of operating speeds of the sod seeder for strip sowing: angle at the apex of the shank fertilizer coulter in the horizontal plane is 15-20º, the length of the fertilizer coulter sides is 0.040-0.045 m, the width of the fertilizer coulter bell is 0.02 m, minimum permissible distance between the fertilizer and seed coulters is 0.14-0.16 м.

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