scholarly journals Biochemical activity of the microflora of a free-living bird

2020 ◽  
Vol 203 ◽  
pp. 01007
Author(s):  
Zoya Litvinova ◽  
Nikolay Mandro ◽  
Olga Yakubik
Keyword(s):  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Amur Region ◽  
The Body ◽  
Enzymatic Properties ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Biochemical Activity ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
And Migration

Free-living birds have a wide range of habitats, can be present in the wild, near human homes, livestock and poultry complexes, farms. As a result of migration and migration of birds, the probability of spreading infectious diseases increases. In the body of birds, the pathogen can persist, multiply, be released into the external environment, and then enter the body of a healthy animal or bird, becoming the cause of new cases of the disease. Detection of pathogenic microflora in the body of free-living birds, determination of their biochemical activity is one of the aspects of studying pathogens in the parasitic phase of existence. The identification of biologically active bacteria allows us to predict the probability of free-living poultry participating in the epizootic process, and to plan appropriate preventive measures in poultry and animal husbandry. The purpose of the study is to study the species composition and biochemical activity of the microflora of the free-living birds of the Amur region. For research on the territory of the Amur region, impregnations from beaks and cloaks. The study identified such microorganisms as Enterococcus, Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter, Citrobacter, Actinobacillus, Escherichia, Micrococcus, Aspergillus, Enterobacter, Salmonella, Proteus, and Staphylococcus. Biochemical activity was detected in microorganisms of Enterococcus faecalis, Acinetobacter iwoffi, Actinobacillus species, Enterobacter aecum, Staphуlococcus кloossi, Staphуlococcus hуicus, Staphуlococcus aureus, Staphуlococcus epidermidis, and Staphylococcus saprophуticus. Enzymatic properties of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (6.8%), Pseudomonas species (6.4%), and Micrococcus candidus (1.2%) had weakly expressed enzymatic properties.

CRITERIA FOR SELECTION OF PREPARATIONS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF SORPTION-DETOXIFYING COMPLEXES FOR AGRICULTURAL ANIMALS

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 94-100
Author(s):  
L.L. Zakharova ◽  
◽  
G.A. Zhorov ◽  
V.I. Dorozhkin ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Nature ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Physiological State ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Combined Pollution ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Active Substances ◽  
Criteria For Selection ◽  
Selection Of

Negative impact on the environment as a result of economic activity of man increasingly becomes the character of combined pollution of ecotoxicants, including xenobiotics of radiation and chemical nature. In animal husbandry in ecologically unfavorable regions, sorbtion-detoxication technologies based on the complex application of bioprotective substances of different origin are used to reduce the intake and accumulation of xenobiotics, to normalize the physiological state of animals and to obtain safe products. It is necessary to observe certain principles ensuring compatibility of components, a wide range of bioprotective action, efficiency and safety at their use in developing the compositions of such sorption-detoxifying complexes. The article substantiates the criteria that should be followed in creating sorption-detoxifying complexes and presents groups of drugs with different mechanisms of action (sorbents, antioxidants, immunomodulators, adaptogens and other biologically active substances) for inclusion in the formulations of combined compositions.

Digestibility of nutrients and energy metabolism in lactating cows when sapropel is included in the ration

2021 ◽  
pp. 22-27
Author(s):  
L. P. Yarmots ◽  
G. A. Yarmots ◽  
A. E. Belenkaya ◽  
M. O. Smyshlyaeva
Keyword(s):  
Energy Metabolism ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
The Body ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Main Trend ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Lactating Cows ◽  
Positive Effect

Unbalanced mineral and vitamin nutrition of lactating cows can be a critical factor in the realization of their productive potential. The development and introduction into production of inexpensive, but effective feed additives is the main trend of improving the feeding of modern animal husbandry. Under the conditions of the Tyumen region such natural raw materials can be sapropels, which successfully combine a variety of biologically active substances. The purpose of the research was to study the digestibility of nutrients and energy metabolism in lactating cows when sapropel is included in the ration. Scientifi c and economic experiment in the study of the effectiveness of feeding sapropel lake Nepryak has been carried out in the training and experimental farm of the State Northern Trans-Urals Agrarian University. The animals of the control group have been fed the main diet. Cows of the 1st and 2nd experimental groups have been fed 300 and 500 g of sapropel per head/day, respectively, in addition to the main ration. It has been found as a result of research that the introduction of sapropel into the ration of cows has a positive effect on the digestibility of nutrients. The digestibility coefficients were higher in the animals of the 1st and 2nd experimental groups compared with the cows of the control group. Cows from the experimental groups digested all the organic substances of the ration better. During the experiment period cows of the 1st and 2nd experimental groups in contrast to the control group had higher milk yield by 11,31 and 10,38 %, respectively, milk protein yield by 10,56 and 5,95 %, milk fat yield by 17,18 and 12,99 %. It has been established that the introduction of sapropel into the ration of cows has the positive effect on the digestibility of nutrients, contributes to the increase of milk productivity, normalizes the metabolism in the body.

The free-living and parasitic development of Rhabdias spp. (Nematoda: Rhabdiasidae) in amphibians

1979 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 161-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. R. Baker
Keyword(s):  
Rana Sylvatica ◽  
Skin Penetration ◽  
Body Cavity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Infective Larvae ◽  
Ecological Barriers ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Paratenic Hosts ◽  
Similar Growth

Free-living development of Rhabdias americanus and Rhabdias ranae was heterogonic and development of infective larvae was by matricidal endotoky. Both species were experimentally transmitted by skin penetration. Development of R. americanus in Bufo americanus and R. ranae in Rana sylvatica was similar. Growth of third- and fourth-stage larvae occurred in fascia and muscle tissue of the host during migration to the body cavity. Adult worms were recovered only from the body cavity and lungs; larvae were never observed in these locations. Worms probably entered the lungs by direct penetration. Gravid nematodes were observed only in the lungs. Both R. americanus and R. ranae were transmitted to toad and frog tadpoles, respectively, and worms developed to adulthood in tadpoles. Terrestrial snails (Oxyloma decampi Tryon and Discus cronkhitei Newcomb) were demonstrated as possible paratenic hosts for R. americanus. Rhabdias americanus, which does not occur in frogs, and R. ranae, which does not occur in toads in the wild at Guelph, were experimentally cross-transmitted to these amphibians and developed successfully to adults. Infective larvae of these species, however, did not as readily penetrate into the unusual host as the usual host. It is suggested that ecological barriers have prevented cross infections in the wild.

scholarly journals Rationale for the use of humats in aquaculture (a review)

2021 ◽  
pp. 56-71
Author(s):  
N. Polischuk ◽  
◽  
B. Коvаlеnkо ◽  
V. Коvаlеnkо ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Technical Information ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
The Body ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Fish Feed ◽  
Fish Feeds ◽  
Sodium And Potassium

Purpose. To prepare a justification for the use of sodium and potassium salts of humic and fulvic acids (humates) as substances with biologically active properties in fish feeds based on the analysis of sources of scientific and technical information and own experimental materials, Findings. A complex general characteristic of humic substances was provided, the mechanism of biologically active action of humates on living organisms was described. Examples of the use of humates in crop production, medicine, animal husbandry and aquaculture were given. The results of our own studies on the use of humates as a feed additive for valuable objects of aquaculture were presented. Prospects for the inclusion of micro-additives of sodium and potassium humates in the composition of fish feed in order to increase fish survival and digestibility of feed were outlined. Originality. To date, the introduction of humates into fish feed as micronutrients was experimental. The analysis of scientific sources and materials of own studies gave the basis for the conclusion about the need of complex detailed studying of mechanisms of effects of humates on fish. In particular, it is of interest to study the protective properties of humates from the accumulation of heavy metals in the body of fish for the use of micronutrients of these substances in fish feeds. Practical value. The use of humate feed additives in aquaculture will help to solve such urgent problems as the prevention of excessive losses of biological material of cultivated objects, reduction of feed costs, improvement of consumer characteristics of food products. Humates, as substances of natural origin with protective and immunomodulatory action, can become substitutes for some synthetic therapeutic and prophylactic drugs. Key words: aquaculture, humates, compound feed, feed additive, growth rate, survival, feed assimilation.

scholarly journals Health Beneficial Properties of Grapevine Seed Extract and Its Influence on Selected Biochemical Markers in the Blood, Liver and Kidneys of Rattus norvegicus

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (7) ◽  
pp. 2099
Author(s):  
Lenka Sochorova ◽  
Mojmir Baron ◽  
Katerina Dadakova ◽  
Tomas Kasparovsky ◽  
Jiri Sochor
Keyword(s):  
Free Radicals ◽  
Biochemical Markers ◽  
Grape Seed Extract ◽  
Grape Seed ◽  
Seed Extract ◽  
The Body ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Active Components ◽  
Grapevine Cultivar ◽  
Wide Range

Cadmium (Cd) is a heavy metal that occurs in all areas of the environment, including the food chain. In the body, it causes oxidative stress by producing free radicals that are harmful to the cells. Grape seed extract (GSE) contains a wide range of biologically active components that help to neutralize the adverse effects of free radicals. In this study, the effects of GSE prepared form semi-resistant grapevine cultivar Cerason, which is rich in phenolics, on biochemical markers of brown rats exposed to the effects of cadmium were monitored. GSE increased the plasma antioxidant activity and, in the kidneys and the liver, Cd content was significantly lowered by GSE co-administration. Accordingly, the increase in creatinine content and alanine aminotransferase activity and the decrease of catalase and superoxide dismutase activities caused by cadmium were slowed down by GSE co-administration. The results of this work reveal that grape seed extract offers a protective effect against the intake of heavy metals into the organism.

scholarly journals Iodine deficiency: socio-economic problems and new approaches to its solution in veterinary medicine

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 04002
Author(s):  
Alexey Yevglevsky ◽  
Andrey Gostev
Keyword(s):  
Mental Retardation ◽  
Iodine Deficiency ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Preventive Treatment ◽  
The Body ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
World Health ◽  
Polymer Complex ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

One of the global, vital problems of humanity is iodine deficiency. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), more than 2 billion people live in conditions of iodine deficiency. people: among them, 740 million have endemic goiter, 43 million have mental retardation, more than 6 million. they suffer from cretinism (an extreme degree of mental retardation). Currently, iodine deficiency diseases are the most common non-infectious diseases in the world. What about mammalian animals? In animals, iodine performs the same functions as in humans. Animals, especially agricultural animals, are just as sensitive to iodine deficiency as humans. With a lack of iodine in the body of animals, the biosynthesis of thyroid hormones is disrupted, which leads to a decrease in the intensity of redox processes, as a result of which all types of metabolism are disrupted:-protein, fat, carbohydrate, macro – and microelement, energy. In this regard, the failure of the thyroid gland is accompanied by the development of severe pathobiochemical processes, which, in the end, leads to the clinical manifestation of pathophysiological conditions. Taking into account the fact that in conditions of constant iodine deficiency it is very problematic to ensure the health of productive animals, the issues of prevention of iodine deficiency conditions are economically significant for industrial animal husbandry. It is no accident that in countries experiencing natural iodine deficiency, state programs have been developed that provide for the use of iodine-containing additives in the diets of productive animals. Despite the fact that the simplest and most affordable method of eliminating iodine deficiency in humans and animals is the inclusion of iodized salt in the diet, however, this method can not be used for veterinary purposes. First of all, the feed method of using biologically active additives eliminates the possibility of dosed therapeutic or preventive treatment. On the pages of this article, we draw attention to the emerging prospects for the use of a new iodine-metabolic composition in non-infectious and infectious pathology, based on an iodine polymer complex known in pharmacology as iodinol and succinic acid.

scholarly journals LOTUS CORNICULATUS L. IS A PERSPECTIVE SPECIES OF THE GENUS LOTUS L.

2017 ◽  
pp. 5-14
Author(s):  
Ольга (Ol'ga) Николаевна (Nikolaevna) Змеева (Zmeeva) ◽  
Наталья (Natal'ja) Эдуардовна (Eduardovna) Коломиец (Kolomiets) ◽  
Наталья (Natal'ja) Юрьевна (Yur'evna) Абрамец (Abramets) ◽  
Руслан (Ruslan) Анатольевич (Anatol'evich) Бондарчук (Bondarchuk)
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Folk Medicine ◽  
Lotus Corniculatus ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
High Yields ◽  
Derivatives Of ◽  
Active Substances

These materials contain an overview of the most significant publications on the hare (Lotus corniculatus L.) – one of the species of the genus Lotus L., widespread in the territory of the Russian Federation, both in the wild and in culture. The prospect of Lotus corniculatus is confirmed by information about its extensive range of information about the use in the folk medicine of many countries, veterinary science, resistance to disease, the ability to grow and give high yields on different types of soils, high fodder value and melliferous value. Chemical composition of wild and cultivated of Lotus corniculatus was studied in detail. The horned lamb is a rich source of biologically active substances: proteins, polysaccharides, alkaloids, steroids, phytoalexins, saponins, tannins, flavonoids, isoflavones, phenolcarbonic acids, derivatives of anthracene, macro - and micronutrients. The diverse chemical composition of the lapwing explains the wide range of its pharmacological activity (antimicrobial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, antiparasitic, wound-healing, antiproliferative), use in agriculture, folk medicine, veterinary medicine, cosmetology, and also substantiates the perspectivity of the species for further scientific and practical phytochemical and pharmacological research.

A PREPARATION FOR THE TREATMENT OF VARIOUS TYPES OF MASTITIS

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 140-144
Keyword(s):  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
The Body ◽  
Sea Buckthorn ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Breast Diseases ◽  
Tissue Preparation ◽  
Sea Buckthorn Oil ◽  
High Level ◽  
Pharmacologically Active

In large dairy farms, a special place is occupied by diseases of the mammary glands, which significantly affect the productivity of animals and reduce the quality of milk. Despite the fact that much attention is paid in science and practice to the problem of the spread and prevention of breast diseases, their harm increases every year. The main method of prevention of mastitis diseases is cost-effective animal husbandry with compliance with zoohygienic requirements for keeping, feeding and milking, which ensure a high level of natural stability of the body and productivity of animals. Our proposed drug «Dorob-K» was used for the first time. The composition of the drug consists of red oil and ASD2 fraction. Red oil-polyphite oil, a medicinal product of plant origin. A complex of biologically active substances that are part of herbs (mainly saponin glycosides – glycyrrhizin, as well as essential oils, peptides, vitamins and minerals) have an anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, regenerating effect. It is a 100% natural extract made from 7 types of medicinal plants (melissa grass, thyme creeping grass, rosehip fruit, licorice roots, nettle leaves, St. John's wort grass, sea buckthorn oil) and as an auxiliary substance - sunflower oil. Sea buckthorn oil and ASD2 fraction have immunomodulating and regenerating properties. They, covering inflammatory tissues, reduce the sensitivity of nerve endings and contribute to faster healing of inflammatory processes. And ASD2 fraction is a tissue preparation that has a high therapeutic effect in the treatment of mastitis, activates the physiological processes of a healthy body and increases its resistance to various factors. The proposed drug contains natural, environmentally friendly and pharmacologically active drugs. The drug «Dorob-K» is easy to prepare and use. The prepared drug was injected into the udder of cows intracisternally, in an amount of 5 ml, 2 times a day, with an interval of 12 hours. For the treatment of latent udder, 4 days were used, and for the treatment of clinical forms-7 days.

scholarly journals The effect of the probiotic "Vitacell" on the symbiotic microflora of the rumen and the biochemical status of calves

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (44) ◽  
pp. 18-18
Author(s):  
Alexander Saakian ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
The Body ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Immune Reactivity ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Active Metabolites ◽  
Biochemical Status

Biological feed additive "Vitacell" belongs to the group of biologically active metabolites containing live vegetative cells and spores of microorganisms of cellulolytic, probiotic and prebiotic action. The inclusion of the probiotic "Vitacella" in the diet of young cattle contributes to the stimulation of metabolic processes in the body, increasing feed conversion and improving clinical and biochemical blood parameters. The effectiveness of the use of such feed additives has been clinically proven by domestic and foreign authors. The use of these drugs helps to normalize the intestinal microflora, maintain mineral homeostasis and, as a result, increase the immune reactivity of the body, which is an integral part of the successful management of animal husbandry in the modern conditions of the food market. Keywords: PROBIOTIC, VITACELL, SYMBIOTIC MICROFLORA, BIOCHEMICAL STATUS

scholarly journals Endothelial dysfunction as the key link of chronic diseases pathogenesis

2015 ◽  
Vol 96 (4) ◽  
pp. 659-665 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu S Mel’nikova ◽  
T P Makarova
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
The Body ◽  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Modern Concept ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Active Substances

Endothelium is the unique «endocrine tree» lining absolutely all cardiovascular system organs of the body. Endothelial cells form a barrier between the blood and tissues, perform a number of important regulatory functions, synthesizing and releasing a wide range of biologically active substances. The strategic location of the endothelium allows it to be sensitive to haemodynamic changes as well as to the signals carried by the blood and signals of underlying tissues. Balanced release of biologically active substances contributes to homeostasis maintenance. The data concerning the multiple mechanisms of endothelium participation in the origin and development of various pathological conditions is accumulated so far. This is not only due to its participation in vascular tone regulation, but also due to the direct influence on atherogenesis, thrombus formation, and protection of the vascular wall integrity. Endothelial dysfunction is considered as a pathological condition of the endothelium based on impaired synthesis of endothelial factors. As a result, endothelium is unable to provide the haemorheological balance of the blood, resulting in disorders of different organs and systems functions. Endothelial dysfunction is a key link in pathogenesis of many diseases and their complications. The role of endothelial dysfunction in the development of chronic diseases such as atherosclerosis, arterial hypertension, chronic heart failure, diabetes mellitus, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, chronic kidney disease, inflammatory bowel disease, and others has been proven recently. The review provides data on the functions of vascular endothelium and its dysfunction. Types of endothelial dysfunction are described. Modern concept of endothelial dysfunction as the key link of pathogenesis of many chronic diseases is presented. Endothelial dysfunction precedes the development of clinical manifestations of diseases, so the study of the endothelium condition at early stages of the diseases is promising and could be of great diagnostic and prognostic value.

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