scholarly journals Study of the parameters and operating modes of the installation for aerosol treatment of seed grain

2020 ◽  
Vol 203 ◽  
pp. 02011
Author(s):  
Vladimir Teterin ◽  
Vyacheslav Terentyev ◽  
Konstantin Andreev ◽  
Alexander Shemyakin ◽  
Olga Teterina
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Physical Processes ◽  
Natural Origin ◽  
Operating Modes ◽  
Exchange Processes ◽  
Carrier Temperature ◽  
Presowing Treatment

One of the modern elements of agrotechnologies is the presowing treatment of seeds with bio-stimulating preparations, providing a complex effect on seeds, which, along with improving the sowing and productive qualities of seeds, can increase the resistance of plants to adverse environmental factors, diseases and pests. Recently, world agricultural production is increasingly focused on environmentally friendly technologies, where preparations based on components of natural origin become important. Preparations based on humic acids are among them. The effectiveness of their use in the process of presowing treatment of seeds to a certain extent depends on the technology and technical means used. This article discusses the design of the developed seed dresser and explores the basic physical processes that affect the quality of seed treatment. The effectiveness of seed treatment with growth stimulants has been studied depending on the intensity of heat exchange processes taking place in the processing chamber of the developed device, where heat transfer from the vapor of humates to the downward flow of grain occurs. Herewith, the dependence of heat transfer on the residence time of the grain in the treatment chamber, heat carrier temperature (aerosol of humates) and uniform distribution of coolant flow in the treatment chamber was determined.

scholarly journals The effectiveness of fertilizer for sunflower on typical black soil of the Tambov region

2021 ◽  
Vol 187 (3) ◽  
pp. 29-34
Author(s):  
O.M. Ivanova ◽  
◽  
S.A. Erofeev ◽  
S.V. Vetrova ◽  
M.R. Makarov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Black Soil ◽  
Oil Yield ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Vegetative Period ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Federal Research ◽  
Different Types

Currently, sunflower is the main oil crop in the Tambov region. The most important task of modern agricultural production is the use of technologies that increase the yield and quality of field crops. Data on seed and oil yield of sunflower are very important when choosing different types of mineral fertilizers. In this regard, the purpose of our research was to study the effect of various doses, methods and terms of application of macro- and microfertilizers on yield, crop quality and oil yield of sunflower in a link of the 6-year crop rotation: fallow – winter wheat – corn (for grain) – barley – sunflower – spring wheat. The research was conducted at the Tambov Research Institute of Agriculture – a branch of the I.V. Michurin Federal Research Center, which is located in the Tambov region. On typical black soil, application of both traditional mineral fertilizers (N16P16K16) for plowing, and liquid mineral fertilizers (Megamix) during pre-sowing treatment and for plants treatment during vegetative period contributes to obtaining an additional seed and oil yields. For 2014–2020, the highest seed and oil yields were obtained in variant (5) with N30P30K30 for plowing + seed treatment with Megamix (2.0 l/t) and amounted to 2.84 t/ha and 1324 kg/ha, respectively. The fat content varied depending on the variant of the experiment. The maximum indicator of 53.6% was in the variant with the application of N30P30K30. But due to the lower seed yield, the oil yield amounted to 1.21 t/ha. All variants for seed and oil yields were superior to the control one (without fertilizers).

scholarly journals Residual effect of bur gherkin seed treatment with biostimulant under salt stress

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 219-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Lilia de Souza Neta ◽  
Francisco de Assis de Oliveira ◽  
Salvador Barros Torres ◽  
Antonia Adailha Torres Souza ◽  
Sara Monaliza Costa Carvalho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Accelerated Aging ◽  
Residual Effect ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Physiological Quality ◽  
Previously Treated

Abstract: The physiological quality of seeds used in agricultural production is one of the main factors that should be considered when implanting the culture. This study aimed at evaluating the quality of bur gherkin seeds, cv. Liso de Calcutá, coming from plants grown from seeds that were previously treated with biostimulant (0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 mL. kg-1 seeds) and cultivated in two irrigation water salinities (0.5 and 3.5 dS. m-1). Initially, the water content of seeds was determined and the following tests were performed: germination, accelerated aging, greenhouse emergence, emergence speed index, height and dry mass of seedling aerial part. It was found that the physiological quality of bur gherkin seeds coming from plants that were subjected to salt stress is negatively affected, and that the use of biostimulant, applied via seeds, provides beneficial effects on the physiological quality of seeds produced in the next generation.

scholarly journals Physical simulation of thermomechanics of gas flows in the output channels of turbocharger centrifugal compressor

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 44-50
Author(s):  
L. V. Plotnikov ◽  
B. P. Zhilkin ◽  
Yu. M. Brodov ◽  
N. I. Grigoriev ◽  
L. E. Osipov
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Mechanical Characteristics ◽  
Physical Simulation ◽  
Gas Flows ◽  
Output Channel ◽  
Collection System ◽  
Intake Process ◽  
Exchange Processes ◽  
Intensify Heat Exchange

It is known that the thermal and mechanical characteristics of the air flow in the output channel of the turbocharger compressor largely determine the efficiency and quality of the gas exchange processes of the piston engine. The research was carried out on an experimental installation containing a turbocharger, output channels of different configurations, a measurement database and a data collection system. It was found that the stabilization of the flow in the output channel of the compressor leads to a significant increase in the heat transfer intensity (up to 25 %) compared to the base pipeline, while reducing the degree of turbulence by up to 30 %. In the output channel of the compressor with grooves, there is an even more significant increase in the heat transfer intensity (up to 30 %) with an increase in the degree of turbulence by up to 12% compared to the base channel. The proposed configurations of the compressor output channels can be used to intensify heat exchange in order to naturally cool the air during the intake process, as well as to stabilize the gas dynamic parameters of the flow in order to reduce the hydraulic resistance of the intake system of the turbocharged engine.

scholarly journals Justification of the minimum required length of the trajectory of the grain on the surface of the working body for layer-by-layer seed treatment

2020 ◽  
pp. 54-60
Author(s):  
V. V. Ratushnyy ◽  
Yu. V. Kosovets
Keyword(s):  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Analytical Calculation ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Layer By Layer ◽  
Experimental Sample ◽  
Actual Length ◽  
Operating Modes ◽  
Working Bodies

Annotation Purpose. Improving the efficiency of pesticide use by substantiating the rational modes of operation of the working bodies of the disinfectant for layer-by-layer treatment of seeds with protective and stimulating preparations. Methods. The research used an analytical-calculation method with experimental verification. Results. Conducting laboratory and field studies of a prototype developed experimental sample for layer-by-layer treatment of crop seeds with protective and stimulating preparations, and indicators of the quality of seed treatment are determined depending on the operating modes of the working body. Conclusions. The minimum required length of the trajectory of the grain on the surface of the working body decreases with increasing film thickness of the working fluid from 0.005 mm to 0.025 mm and increases with increasing grain diameter from 1 mm to 13 mm and is in the range of 10–1035 mm. It is experimentally established that the actual length of the trajectory of the grain on the surface of the working body at an angular velocity from 40 rad/s to 100 rad/s is in the range from 1290 mm to 1450 mm, which exceeds the minimum required length and provides the necessary conditions for quality processing seed. Keywords: seeds, layer-by-layer processing, protective-stimulating preparations, working body, operating modes.

scholarly journals Improving the energy efficiency of a piston engine based on the use of a numerical method for forming the laws of motion of gas distribution valves

2021 ◽  
Vol 279 ◽  
pp. 01021
Author(s):  
Alexander Vasilyev ◽  
Yulia Bakhracheva ◽  
Evgenij Ageev
Keyword(s):  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Numerical Method ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Maximum Efficiency ◽  
Combustion Engines ◽  
Gas Distribution ◽  
Operating Modes ◽  
Exchange Processes ◽  
Valve Motion

The increase in the power, economic and environmental performance of modern internal combustion engines is largely due to the improvement of the system that controls the gas exchange processes. Its characteristics determine the quality of filling and cleaning of the cylinders in various operating modes, the loss of power for gas exchange and, consequently, the indicator and effective indicators of the engine. The issues of mathematical modeling of gas exchange processes in combination with the study and improvement of the gas distribution mechanism are considered. The results of experimental and computational studies of gas exchange of tractor diesel are presented. Reserves for improving the gas exchange and the engine as a whole are identified based on the choice of optimal valve timing phases and valve motion laws. They provide a reduction in the modulus of the average pressure of the pump passages in the range of operating modes by 12 - 14 %, which contributed to a decrease in the specific effective fuel consumption by 1.4 ÷ 2.2 g/kWh. The above allows us to conclude that the use of a generalized step-by-step numerical method for synthesizing the law of motion of a pusher with an upper stand allows us to obtain the maximum efficiency characteristics of the gas distribution in the presence of a number of restrictions.

Distributed Modeling Of Building Systems Through Cyber-Physical Integration

2019 ◽  
pp. 12-17
Keyword(s):  
Data Structure ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Physical Models ◽  
Distributed Model ◽  
Physical Processes ◽  
Distributed Modeling ◽  
Distributed Models ◽  
Operating Modes ◽  
Building Systems ◽  
Important Practical Application

This article describes the proposed approaches to creating distributed models that can, with given accuracy under given restrictions, replace classical physical models for construction objects. The ability to implement the proposed approaches is a consequence of the cyber-physical integration of building systems. The principles of forming the data structure of designed objects and distributed models, which make it possible to uniquely identify the elements and increase the level of detail of such a model, are presented. The data structure diagram of distributed modeling includes, among other things, the level of formation and transmission of signals about physical processes inside cyber-physical building systems. An enlarged algorithm for creating the structure of the distributed model which describes the process of developing a data structure, formalizing requirements for the parameters of a design object and its operating modes (including normal operating conditions and extreme conditions, including natural disasters) and selecting objects for a complete group that provides distributed modeling is presented. The article formulates the main approaches to the implementation of an important practical application of the cyber-physical integration of building systems - the possibility of forming distributed physical models of designed construction objects and the directions of further research are outlined.

Improvement of separate elements of the techno-logy of cultivation of white cabbage in the conditions of the of the central region of the non-chernozem zone

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.V. Konstantinovich ◽  
◽  
A.S. Kuracheva ◽  
E.D. Binkevich
Keyword(s):  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Unit Area ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation ◽  
White Cabbage ◽  
Sowing Seed

In conditions of climate change, when temperature and precipitation fluctuations occur more and more frequently during the growing season, it is necessary to obtain high quality seedlings with "immunity" to various stress factors, including high weediness, the damage from which is associated with a decrease in yield (by 25 -35%) and with a deterioration in the quality of agricultural products. Due to the imbalance in production technology, seedlings are often weakened, overgrown, with a low yield per unit area and survival rate in the field. One of the solutions to this problem is the use of PP for pre-sowing seed treatment to increase the competitiveness of seedlings in the field.

The Relationship between the Development of Human Capital and the Agricultural Economy in Rural Areas

2020 ◽  
pp. 61-65
Author(s):  
B.A. Voronin ◽  
◽  
I.P. Chupina ◽  
Ya.V. Voronina ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Standard View ◽  
Household Factors ◽  
Economic Transformations ◽  
The Relationship

The article discusses a non-standard view of the formation of human capital for work in organizations of the agricultural sector of the economy, in the context of modern socio-economic transformations. In the classical sense, human capital for agriculture should be formed and developed in rural areas. But in real life, this is not always the case, because there are many factors that prevent the classical solution of this problem. First, the demographic factor affects, second, social and household factors, and third, in many rural areas there are no working agricultural organizations where qualified agricultural specialists can work. All these and other circumstances actualize the problem of the quality of human capital in rural areas in relation to the development of agricultural production.

EVALUATING THE CONTRIBUTION OF TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY ON AGRICULTURAL GROWTH IN AN GIANG PROVINCE

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (29) ◽  
pp. 29-37
Author(s):  
Tan Van Truong
Keyword(s):  
Total Factor Productivity ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Agricultural Labor ◽  
Factor Productivity ◽  
Agricultural Growth ◽  
Regression Approach ◽  
Investment Capital ◽  
Agricultural Demand

By the growth regression approach, the research has identified that the investment capital contributed 1,939 and agricultural labor contributed 1,291 to the agricultural growth of An Giang province. More specifically, the contribution of TFP (Total Factor Productivity) to the agricultural growth in the period 2000 - 2004 was averagely 0,11%, in 2005 - 2010 was -5,03%, and in period 2011 - 2016 was 0,81%. The total factor productivity contributed to the agricultural growth slowly. In order to raise the contribution of TFP, the research represents 05 solutions including the increase of the effectiveness of using the investment capital, the increase of the quality of labor, the application of the science and technology into agricultural production, agriculturalrestructuring, and the increase of  agricultural demand.

Heat Transfer Enhancement in Separation Process of Ethanol from Ethanol Water Mixture by Using Surfactants

2020 ◽  
pp. 9-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Acharya Anil Ramchandra ◽  
R. Kadam ◽  
A. T. Pise
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Ammonium Chloride ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Water Mixture ◽  
Transfer Enhancement ◽  
Surface Tension Reduction ◽  
Surface Active Agents ◽  
Surface Active ◽  
Time Required

Here the investigations are done while distillation of ethanol-water mixture for separating ethanol from fermentation process. Focus is to study reduction in time required and hence saving in energy for the distillation process of ethanol-water mixture under the influence of surface-active agents (Surfactants). This novelty is from observation of these surfactants to enhance heat transfer rate because of surface tension reduction in aqueous solutions. SDS (Sodium Dodecyl Sulphate), NH4Cl (Ammonium Chloride) and SLBS (Sodium lauryl benzene sulphonate) surfactants in different concentration are experimented. The concentration of these surfactant is varied from 1700 ppm to 2800 ppm. This range is decided by observing critical micelle concentration of used surfactants. Results showed that time is reduced and hence energy consumption is also reduced. Results shown by NH4Cl are found to be more useful as it is ecofriendly surfactant which is not affecting ethanol-water mixture. Use of ammonium chloride as surfactant in distillation is actually useful to reduce energy without hampering the quality of process is the novelty of this work.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document