scholarly journals Gypsum polymer materials in construction

2021 ◽  
Vol 258 ◽  
pp. 09087
Author(s):  
Igor Bessonov ◽  
Aleksey Zhukov ◽  
Boris Efimov ◽  
Elina Gorbunova ◽  
Ilya Govryakov
Keyword(s):  
Technological Development ◽  
Polymer Materials ◽  
Formaldehyde Resin ◽  
Freezing And Thawing ◽  
Several Variables ◽  
Polymer Properties ◽  
Modern Level ◽  
Reaction Capacity ◽  
Weather Resistance ◽  
Open Reservoir

The modern level of technological development involves the use of traditional materials modified with additives of various types and functional purposes, as well as composite materials allowing to obtain a product with improved properties. Expanding the area of application of products based on gypsum for facade systems involves the creation of weather-resistant, and, first of all, waterproof materials based on gypsum polymers. The purpose of the experiment, the results of which are presented in the article, was to assess the possibility of using polycondensation polymers as a component of gypsum polymer, to model the properties of the material and to evaluate its characteristics as a result of climatic and humidity influences. The modeling and optimization of gypsum polymer properties were based on statistical methods as well as methods of mathematical analysis of functions of several variables. The assessment of the water resistance of gypsum polymer samples was carried out under test conditions in an open reservoir with an almost unlimited reaction capacity of the medium. The weather resistance was checked according to the results of tests in a climatic chamber. Experiments have shown that the strength of samples with 20% modified melamine-formaldehyde resin in compression and in bending for 80 days of storage in air increases by 30% and 25%, respectively. The compressive strength is 60 MPa, and the flexural strength is 12 MPa. Gypsum polymer has high frost resistance up to 150 cycles of alternate freezing and thawing. The result of the research was the confirmation of the possibility of using polycondensation resins and the foundations of the method for selecting the composition of the gypsum polymer were developed. The results obtained can be used in the development of the technology of gypsum polymer products, and, in particular, piece products (building cladding tiles).

scholarly journals TO THE QUESTION OF IMPORTANCE OF DEVELOPMENT OF THE HUMANITARIAN SPHERE IN THE CONDITIONS OF MODERN TECHNOLOGICAL PROGRESS

2020 ◽  
pp. 33-36
Author(s):  
Е. В. Яковлева
Keyword(s):  
Spiritual Development ◽  
Social System ◽  
Technological Progress ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Human Society ◽  
Modern Level ◽  
Scientific Ethics ◽  
Made In

В статье рассматриваются проблемы, связанные с современным уровнем развития науки и техники. Ставится вопрос о рисках, связанных с интенсивным технологическим развитием человеческого общества. Рассматриваются экологический, социальный, геополитический уровни приложения проблемы. Анализируется концепция Э. Фромма о балансе между техническим и духовным развитием, рассматривается теория А. П. Назаретяна о техно-гуманитарном балансе как условии выживания социальной системы. На основании проведенной в статье классификации исследовательских подходов оценивается роль современных исследований в области научной этики в разрешении проблемы и делается вывод о необходимости выхода на уровень практического ее разрешения. Consideration of the problems connected with the modern level of development of science and technology is made in the article. The question of the risks connected with intensive technological development of human society is raised. Ecological, social, geopolitical aspects of a problem are considered. Fromm’s concept about balance between technical and spiritual development is analyzed, A. P. Nazaretyan’s theory about technical and humanitarian balance as a condition of survival of social system is considered. On the basis of the classification of research approaches which is carried out in article the role of modern researches in the field of scientific ethics in solution of the problem is estimated and the conclusion about need of an exit to the level of her practical permission is drawn.

scholarly journals Three-Dimensional Printed PLA and PLA/PHA Dumbbell-Shaped Specimens: Material Defects and Their Impact on Degradation Behavior

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna Rydz ◽  
Jakub Włodarczyk ◽  
Jennifer Gonzalez Ausejo ◽  
Marta Musioł ◽  
Wanda Sikorska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Hydrolytic Degradation ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
Polymer Materials ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Polymer Properties ◽  
Subsequent Behavior ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Printing Direction

The use of (bio)degradable polymers, especially in medical applications, requires a proper understanding of their properties and behavior in various environments. Structural elements made of such polymers may be exposed to changing environmental conditions, which may cause defects. That is why it is so important to determine the effect of processing conditions on polymer properties and also their subsequent behavior during degradation. This paper presents original research on a specimen’s damage during 70 days of hydrolytic degradation. During a standard hydrolytic degradation study of polylactide and polylactide/polyhydroxyalkanoate dumbbell-shaped specimens obtained by 3D printing with two different processing build directions, exhibited unexpected shrinkage phenomena in the last degradation series, representing approximately 50% of the length of the specimens irrespective of the printing direction. Therefore, the continuation of previous ex-ante research of advanced polymer materials is presented to identify any possible defects before they arise and to minimize the potential failures of novel polymer products during their use and also during degradation. Studies on the impact of a specific processing method, i.e., processing parameters and conditions, on the properties expressed in molar mass and thermal properties changes of specimens obtained by three-dimensional printing from polyester-based filaments, and in particular on the occurrence of unexpected shrinkage phenomena after post-processing heat treatment, are presented.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Tribological Properties of Polymer Materials Used for Sliding Bearings in Agricultural Machinery

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariusz Walczak ◽  
Jacek Caban ◽  
Andrzej Marczuk
Keyword(s):  
Tribological Properties ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Polymeric Materials ◽  
Polymer Materials ◽  
Agricultural Machinery ◽  
Sliding Bearings ◽  
Economic Criterion ◽  
Agricultural Engineering ◽  
Polymer Metal ◽  
Materials Used

Abstract The continuous technological development requires the use of modern materials also in agricultural engineering. Knowledge of the characteristics of tribological materials pairs cooperating with each other is useful for developing sliding nodes of agricultural machinery. Tribological properties of materials should be assessed for selection of technological materials beyond the economic criterion. The article presents analysis of the characteristics of tribological ball-on-disc wear of polymeric materials used as sliding elements for farm machines. Tribological tests were carried out under dry friction for a polymer-metal pair, and a wear rate and friction coefficient of the sample; the signs of wear were submitted to SEM observations.

Research and Development on the Antiaging Polymer Coatings

2014 ◽  
Vol 941-944 ◽  
pp. 1589-1592
Author(s):  
Li Ping Liu ◽  
Xiu Feng Cao
Keyword(s):  
Evaluation System ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Polymeric Materials ◽  
Polymer Coatings ◽  
Polymer Materials ◽  
Study Progress ◽  
Polymer Properties ◽  
Complex Process ◽  
Aging Study ◽  
Research Problems

In recent years, polymer had been used in various situations and its use was increasing year by year. However, weathering was a complex process in which UV light, moisture and temperature variations all contributed to the deterioration of polymer properties. This paper reviewed the aging study progress of polymeric materials in recent years and the research problems. The evaluation methods of aging and antiaging of polymer materials were described, concerning with experiments, determinations and pathways of aging and antiaging. A relatively elaborate synthetical evaluation system of aging and antiaging was established.

Weather resistance of CaSO4 ⋅ 1/2H2O-based sand-fixation material

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (16-19) ◽  
pp. 1744084 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Liu ◽  
Shengnian Tie
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Wind Erosion ◽  
Water Resistance ◽  
Erosion Resistance ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Northwest China ◽  
Freezing And Thawing ◽  
Weather Resistance ◽  
Freezing And Thawing Cycles ◽  
Water Holding

Searching for an economical and effective sand-fixing material and technology is of great importance in Northwest China. This paper described the use of a semihydrated gypsum-(CaSO4 ⋅ 1/2H2O-)based composite as a sand-fixing material. Its morphology and composition were characterized by SEM, and its water resistance, freezing–thawing resistance and wind erosion resistance were tested in the field. The results indicated that semihydrated gypsum-(CaSO4 ⋅ 1/2H2O-)based sand-fixing composite has good water resistance and water-holding capacity. Its strength is maintained at 1.42 MPa after 50 freezing and thawing cycles, and its wind erosion increases with increasing wind speed and slope. Its compressive strength starts to decrease after nine months of field tests with no change in appearance, but it still satisfies the requirements of fixation technology. This sand-fixing material should have wide application owing to its good weather resistance.

scholarly journals Bibliometric Analysis of Phosphogypsum Research from 1990 to 2020 Based on Literatures and Patents

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunmeng Cao ◽  
Yue Cui ◽  
Xiaokun Yu ◽  
Tong Li ◽  
I-shin Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bibliometric Analysis ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Polymer Materials ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Research Fields ◽  
Modified Polymer ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
Architectural Research ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The demand together with the urgency of phosphogypsum (PG) treatment, will pose big challenges for many countries. This research aims to explore the research progress of PG, including basic status, cooperation situation, research fields and development trends, based on Web of Science database through bibliometric analysis of publications (articles and patents) from 1990 to 2020. The results show that the academic research of PG originated earlier, but the number of patents grew faster. China has an absolute advantage in the numbers and plays a significant role in international cooperation. The knowledge structure of PG is mainly concentrated in the fields of natural radioactivity, cement paste backfilling, soil, crystal morphology, and synthetic gas. Academic hotspots focus on the microstructure of chemical processes and various environmental impacts, and the patents hot technologies is the production of refractory materials, ceramics, surface materials, cement mortar and composite materials. The academic frontiers of PG will be the methods of recovering rare earth elements from PG, the conditions of ion solidification/stabilization in PG, the impact of reaction conditions on product quality, and the reaction mechanism at the micro-level. The frontiers of patents will focus on the improvement of manufacturing equipment, new wall materials and chemical modified polymer materials. In terms of the number of articles and patents in the future, architectural research has the maximum space for improvement. This paper conducts an in-depth analysis of PG and provides information on the technological development prospects and opportunities, which is helpful for researchers engaged in PG management.

scholarly journals People, robots, artificial intelligence: regulatory challenges

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 26-30
Author(s):  
Yana Gayvoronskaya
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Public Relations ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Legal Regimes ◽  
Regulatory Instruments ◽  
Modern Level ◽  
Definition Of

The problem of regulating the processes of development, creation and use of robots and artificial intelligence (AI) units is acute for all states engaged in the digital transformation of public relations. The article addresses two aspects of the problem: first, the choice of optimal regulatory means corresponding to the present stage of technological development;second, the dependence of legal regimes on the concept and definition of robots and units of artificial intelligence. Qualitative legal regulation is always inextricably linked to precise definitions and the definition of the subject matter of legal regulation. The article examines different approaches to defining robots and artificial intelligence, as well as articulating an author’s view of the choice of legal regimes for different types of AI and robots. The importance of and the need for ethical regulation of robotics and AI are shown in relation to the choice of regulatory instruments. Deontological regulation is considered by the authors to be the most promising and acceptable for the modern level of technology development. At the same time, it has been proved that, in modern conditions, ethical regulation in the field of AI and autonomous robotic apparatus plays the role of self-regulation and assumes the functions of various means of self-regulation.

New Method for Improving Properties of Polymer Composites by Using Organic Inorganic Hybrid Polymers

2009 ◽  
Vol 151 ◽  
pp. 10-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Pilz ◽  
Ferdinand Männle ◽  
Christian R. Simon ◽  
Susannah L. Trevor ◽  
Huai Tian Bu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Resistance ◽  
Plastic Material ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Scratch Resistance ◽  
Inorganic Materials ◽  
Polymer Materials ◽  
Hybrid Polymers ◽  
Inorganic Hybrid ◽  
Surface Protection ◽  
Weather Resistance

Polymer materials are utilized in an increasing number of categories of products, such as components for cars, boats, airplanes, within the electronics industry and other advanced industry as well as in paints and other coatings, for special packaging etc. The uses of polymer materials in new categories of products are only limited by the product properties. It is thus a continuous need for developing polymer products with improved properties like increased scratch resistance, improved weather resistance, increased UV resistance, chemical resistance and antioxidation. In addition to pure polymer materials, new products based on hybrid organic inorganic materials involving macromolecules with inorganic core and organic branches have been developed. In this paper, organic inorganic hybrid polymers (HP) are prepared based on a new technology and applied as additives for polymer products like thermoset plastics and in lacquers and other types of coatings for surface protection. Used in appropriate amounts and with suitable particle size, such hybrid polymers contribute to a significant improvement of the properties of the plastic material or the lacquer, hereunder an increased wear resistance/scratch resistance and/or weather resistance. It is shown that HP additives are suitable for a number of applications within organic chemistry and in particular within polymer chemistry and can be used as a stabilizer for thermoplastics with a broader range of utility than known mono-functional stabilizers.

scholarly journals Polymers Tailored for Controlled (Bio)degradation Through End-Group and In-Chain Functionalization

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 768-777 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna Rydz ◽  
Marta Musiol ◽  
Marek Kowalczuk
Keyword(s):  
Polymeric Materials ◽  
Polymer Materials ◽  
Degradable Polymer ◽  
Polymer Properties ◽  
Group Modification ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
End Group Modification ◽  
And Function ◽  
Macromolecular Architecture ◽  
End Group

Background: Currently, polymers can be created with specific properties that are tailored to a wide range of applications from medical to everyday products as packaging. There are different techniques to prepare novel polymer materials with various architectures and specific groups via a variety of reaction mechanisms of different complexity. End-group modification of polymers is a powerful tool for tailoring polymer properties. Objective: The review provides a brief description of the functional moieties and an outline of synthetic strategies used for tailoring the (bio)degradable polymer properties by end-group and in-chain functionalization. Conclusion: The contemporary synthetic strategies used in tailoring the (bio)degradable polymer properties by the end-group and in-chain functionalization demonstrate the importance of the relation between their subtle molecular structure, properties and function. When the development of (bio)degradable polymers is in its infancy the most crucial features are concentrated on the effect of macromolecular architecture, new monomer systems, polymerization mechanisms and different polymerization techniques on final (bio)degradable properties. Significant efforts have been directed towards the type of functional moieties and their influence on the degradation manner. Presented methods should help to design novel biodegradable polymeric materials and to avoid failures of the commercial products manufactured from them.

scholarly journals Artificial weathering of surfaces from laminated phenol-formaldehyde resin impregnated compressed wood: impact of top veneer type and overlay application

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lars Passauer ◽  
Jürgen Schubert ◽  
Tino Schulz ◽  
Philipp Flade ◽  
Björn Weiß ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phenol Formaldehyde ◽  
Phenol Formaldehyde Resin ◽  
Formaldehyde Resin ◽  
White Birch ◽  
Artificial Weathering ◽  
Color Changes ◽  
Surface Damages ◽  
Weather Resistance ◽  
Compressed Wood

AbstractPanels from laminated phenol-formaldehyde resin (PF) impregnated and compressed wood (Compreg) with top veneers from European species of beech, maple and white birch were prepared, each without or coated with resin pre-impregnated overlay papers. To clarify the outdoor resistance of Compreg surfaces, long-term artificial weathering experiments were performed. Weather-related color changes, gloss retention and microscopic and surface topographical surface alterations were examined. It has been observed that the application of PF impregnated paper overlays and combinations of them with melamine formaldehyde resin (MF) treated films significantly improved the weather resistance of Compreg surfaces. The extent of UV and moisture-induced surface damages of Compreg has been shown to also be dependent on the veneer types used as surface top layer. Highest surface and color stabilization against weather was achieved providing Compreg with top veneers from maple combined with PF overlays or applying both MF and PF impregnated overlay films as surface finish.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document