scholarly journals Experimental Studies on Compressive Strength of Aerated Concrete with Varying Percentage of Aluminium Powder

2021 ◽  
Vol 309 ◽  
pp. 01197
Author(s):  
G.V.V. Satyanarayana ◽  
A. Ranjith
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Industrial Growth ◽  
Aluminium Powder ◽  
Aerated Concrete ◽  
Lime Powder ◽  
By Products

Today the disposal of various by-product materials is a concern against the environment, these are producing due to rapid industrial growth in our country. Most of the researchers are focused on the utilization of these by-products in the civil engineering construction industry. By using these by-products, on one hand, will protect the environment and other hands the disposal problem will be solved. Day by day the requirement of building materials increased due to urbanization, due to this more raw materials are required and depleted the natural resources. In this contest, environmental protection is need to protect incremental temperature in nature. To avoid these problems of the modern era, aggregation of these by-products can be used as one of building material and to overcome this situation, Aerated concrete is one of the solutions by reducing the raw material quantity in concrete like sand and cement by introducing air without compromising in the volume. Day to day aerated concrete has become popular due to lightweight and high insulation against temperature and sound. This concrete is using in high raised buildings to reduce the self-weight of building to protect during earthquake situations. In this experimental study mainly performed the compressive strength of aerated concrete with replacement of sand by quarry dust. Also reducing the cement content with replacement of fly ash, GGBS and lime powder at various percentages that is ranging. the performance of aerated concrete was observed more satisfactory when compared with and without replacement of above-saided materials.

Utilization of Bottom Ash for Sintered Artificial Aggregate

2014 ◽  
Vol 1000 ◽  
pp. 170-173
Author(s):  
Vit Cerný
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Bottom Ash ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Muffle Furnace ◽  
Fly Ashes ◽  
Focus On Results ◽  
Aerated Concrete ◽  
Secondary Raw Material ◽  
By Products

At present high temperature fly ashes are already quite widely used as a secondary raw material in building materials. Fly ashes are usually able to fully replace classical materials. FBC ashes also gradually finding their place for example in production of autoclaved aerated concrete, in binders or solidification of hazardous waste. However, the coarser types of energy by-products are relatively difficult to use. Therefore, this part of the work focused on the study of usability of bottom ashes for artificial sintered aggregates. The article will focus on results of laboratory firing in muffle furnace, dedicated to testing of maximum bottom ash content in the mixture with the fly ash and special type of clay.

Effect of Raw Material Ratios on the Compressive Strength of Chang Jiang Iron Ore Gangues Aerated Concrete Block

2012 ◽  
Vol 573-574 ◽  
pp. 92-98
Author(s):  
Wen Hua Xu ◽  
Hao Zhang ◽  
Wei Jun Ren ◽  
Jin Yi Wu
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Aluminum Powder ◽  
Quartz Sand ◽  
Iron Ore ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Concrete Block ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Optimum Ratio ◽  
Aerated Concrete

The present study was to investigate the production of aerated concrete block from ChangJiang iron ore gangues. Analyze Quartz Sand, cement, CaO and gangue’s ratio’s influence on the aerated concrete block’s compressive strength, and then determine the optimum ratio. The results shows that gangue, quartz sand, cement, CaO, gypsum, aluminum powder, additive’s optimum ratio is 60.11%，8.26%，15.03%, 14.07%, 2%, 0.06% and 0.07% the dry weight of raw materials. Obtain the strongest compressive strength with the ratio 0.59:1 for water and raw materials. Adding iron gangues into aerated concrete block can turn wastes into treasures, which is originally done by us.

Application of Metakaoline in Autoclaved Aerated Concrete Technology

2014 ◽  
Vol 1000 ◽  
pp. 174-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ondřej Koutný ◽  
Tomáš Opravil ◽  
Jaromír Pořízka
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Portland Cement ◽  
Heat Insulation ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Mineralogical Composition ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Concrete Technology ◽  
Autoclaved Aerated Concrete ◽  
Volume Weight ◽  
Aerated Concrete

In these days, autoclaved aerated concrete research points to the utilization of alternative raw materials such as metakaoline. An effort is made to improve the mechanical and related heat-insulation properties of the products without significant change of present technology and price. This work studies the effect of metakaoline, as an alternative raw material to Portland cement, on final properties of autoclaved aerated concrete, especially the effect on the volume weight and compressive strength. Quantitative and qualitative mineralogical composition, especially the presence and the amount of Tobermorite and Xonotlite were observed by XRD and TG-DTA-EGA methods.

USE OF ALUMINUM-CONTAINING NANOTECHNOGENIC RAW MATERIALS AND CARBON WASTE IN THE PRODUCTION OF HEAT-RESISTANT CONCRETE

2021 ◽  
Vol 93 (1) ◽  
pp. 96-105
Author(s):  
B.Z. ABDRAKHIMOV ◽  
◽  
E.S. ABDRAKHIMOVA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Industry ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Phosphate Binders ◽  
Radius Of Curvature ◽  
Material Base ◽  
Heat Resistant

In this work, using waste from the chemical industry — aluminum-containing nanotechnogenic raw materials and a fuel and energy complex — coal enrichment based on phosphate binders, heat-resistant concrete with high physical and mechanical properties is obtained. Thanks to the use of orthophosphoric acid as a binder, it was possible to utilize 80-90% of chemical industry waste and coal preparation, which helps to reduce the anthropogenic load on the environment and humans. Studies show that as the grain size decreases, the total size of the interface is increased, the average radius of curvature of the convex sections decreases, their excess surface energy grows, and the distances between the sources and absorbers of vacancies in the system decrease. Experimental studies and rich practical experience in ceramic industries confirm the crucial role of the degree of grinding (or the use of nanoscale raw materials). Due to the action of this factor alone, it is possible in some cases to reduce the required sintering temperature by 50-100 °C or more. The use of industrial wastes in the production of building materials contributes to: a) the utilization of industrial wastes; b) environmental protection; b) the expansion of the raw material base for heat-resistant concrete based on phosphate binders.

scholarly journals Optimizing Mixtures of Alkali Aluminosilicate Cement Based on Ternary By-Products

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 1264-1274
Author(s):  
Hoang Vinh Long
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Portland Cement ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Setting Time ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Optimal Composition ◽  
Granulated Blast Furnace Slag ◽  
Furnace Slag ◽  
By Products

Portland cement is a popular binder but causes many adverse effects on the environment. That is due to the large consumption of raw materials and energy during production while emitting vast amounts of CO2. In recent years, Alkali Aluminosilicate Cement (AAC) has drawn much attention in research and development and promises to become a binder that can replace the traditional cement. In many studies of this binder, the content of the ingredients is often gradually changed to determine the optimal composition. The object of this paper is to optimize the composition of AAC using a combination of three by-products as the primary raw material, including Rush Husk Ash (RHA), Fly Ash (FA), and Ground Granulated Blast-Furnace Slag (GGBS). The investigation was conducted based on the critical parameter SiO2/Al2O3, and the D-optimal design. The FA and the GGBS were industrial product form, while the RHA was ground in a ball mill for 2 hours before mixing. The results show that this type of binder has setting time and soundness to meet standard cement requirements. While comparing to Portland cement, the AAC has a faster setting time, slower development of compressive strength in the early stages but a higher strength at the age of 56 days. According to the highest compressive strength at 28 days and high fly ash content, the optimal composition was RHA of 27.8%, FA of 41.8%, and GGBS of 15.4%, corresponding to the ratio SiO2/Al2O3 of 3.83. In addition, compressive strength at 28 days of the mortar specimens with the optimal binder and the ratio of water/ cement at 0.32 reached 63 MPa. Doi: 10.28991/cej-2021-03091724 Full Text: PDF

scholarly journals Crushed Bricks: Demolition Waste as a Sustainable Raw Material for Geopolymers

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 7572
Author(s):  
Gigliola D’Angelo ◽  
Marina Fumo ◽  
Mercedes del Rio Merino ◽  
Ilaria Capasso ◽  
Assunta Campanile ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Construction Material ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Total Energy Consumption ◽  
Demolition Waste ◽  
Crushed Brick

Demolition activity plays an important role in the total energy consumption of the construction industry in the European Union. The indiscriminate use of non-renewable raw materials, energy consumption, and unsustainable design has led to a redefinition of the criteria to ensure environmental protection. This article introduces an experimental plan that determines the viability of a new type of construction material, obtained from crushed brick waste, to be introduced into the construction market. The potential of crushed brick waste as a raw material in the production of building precast products, obtained by curing a geopolymeric blend at 60 °C for 3 days, has been exploited. Geopolymers represent an important alternative in reducing emissions and energy consumption, whilst, at the same time, achieving a considerable mechanical performance. The results obtained from this study show that the geopolymers produced from crushed brick were characterized by good properties in terms of open porosity, water absorption, mechanical strength, and surface resistance values when compared to building materials produced using traditional technologies.

Research on Simulation Test of Coal Similar Material

2013 ◽  
Vol 850-851 ◽  
pp. 847-850 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Chao Dai
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Similarity Theory ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Uniform Design ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Similar Material ◽  
Cement Ratio ◽  
Water Cement Ratio

In order to study the coal and gas outburst similar simulation experiment, coal similar material was made up based on the similarity theory. Based on the previous similar material study, the cement, sand, water, activated carbon and coal powder was selected as the raw material of similar material. Meanwhile similar material matching program with 5 factors and 6 levels was designed by using Uniform Design Method. And the physical and mechanical properties of the similar material compressive strength was measured under different proportions circumstances. The relationship between similar material and the raw materials was analyzed. The results show that choosing different materials can compound different similar materials with different requirements. And the water-cement ratio plays a decisive influence on the compressive strength of similar material. The compressive strength of similar material decreases linearly when the water-cement ratio increases.

scholarly journals Towards By-Product Utilisation of Pea Hulls: Isolation and Quantification of Galacturonic Acid

Foods ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Friederike Gutöhrlein ◽  
Stephan Drusch ◽  
Sebastian Schalow
Keyword(s):  
Galacturonic Acid ◽  
Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Enzymatic Digestion ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Trifluoracetic Acid ◽  
Complete Digestion ◽  
Digestion Methods ◽  
Fibre Matrix ◽  
By Products

In order to evaluate by-products from food processing as alternative raw materials for pectin extraction, their amount of galacturonic acid (GalA) has to be analysed as a marker for pectin content. In the present study, significant differences in GalA release using different digestion methods are shown for pea hulls, as an example of by-products with a high content of cellulose. Complete digestion of the fibre matrix was assumed for Saeman hydrolysis as a reference protocol. Significantly lower GalA release was achieved by a treatment with trifluoracetic acid (TFA). An alternative treatment with ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) at pH 11 followed by an enzymatic digestion at pH 4.5 using a combination of polygalacturonase (Vegazyme M) and cellulase (Celluclast 1.5L) resulted in a similar release of GalA compared to Seaman hydolysis. Pea hull samples, analysed by this alternative protocol, showed on average a GalA content of 11.2%. Therefore, pea hulls may serve as new raw material for pectin extraction.

scholarly journals PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH FLY ASH DARI PEMBAKARAN BATUBARA PADA PEMBUATAN SEMEN PCC (PORTLAND COMPOSITE CEMENT) DI PT SEMEN XYZ LAMPUNG

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dwi Septiyana Sari ◽  
◽  
Susanti Sundari
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Technical Aspect ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Physical Test ◽  
Composite Cement ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Cost

Abstract This study discusses the use of fly ash waste from coal burning on the manufacture of PCC (Portland composite cement) at PT. XYZ Lampung. The purpose of this research is to look at the technical studies and the efficiency of raw materials in the use of fly ash in cement making, in this case PCC cement (Portland Composite Cement). The steps taken in analyzing the data in this study were viewed from a technical aspect by means of a physical test, namely the cement compressive strength test at the age of 3 days, 7 days, and 28 days using the Compression Testing Machine. This test was conducted to see the comparison of the compressive strength of PCC cement using limestone and fly ash as raw materials, then calculate the difference in raw material costs in the year before and after the replacement of limestone with fly ash. The results showed that cement with the addition of fly ash after 3 days, 7 days and 28 days had an increased compressive strength value, which increased 21.69%, 16.07% and 8.05% respectively of the compressive strength of cement using limestone. The use of fly ash as a substitute for limestone has an effect on the cost of raw materials, where the difference between the cost of raw materials in 2019 and the cost of raw materials in 2018 is Rp. 39,440,952,074.

scholarly journals High strength glass-ceramics sintered with coal gangue аs а raw material

2019 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 285-294
Author(s):  
Dang Wei ◽  
H.-Y. He
Keyword(s):  
Building Materials ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Glass Ceramics ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Coal Gangue ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Sintering Process ◽  
Forming Process ◽  
Sintered Glass ◽  
Utilization Ratio

High strength lightweight glass-ceramics were fabricated with coal gangue and clay as main raw materials. The utilization ratio of coal gangue, the ratio of the coal gangue with clay, mineralization agents, forming process and sintering process on the properties of the fabricated glass-ceramics were optimized. The utilization ratio of coal gangue reached 75, and the ratio of coal gangue to clay was 3/1, as an optimal property was observed. The optimal sintering temperature was found to be 1370?C. At this optimal temperature, the sintered glass-ceramics showed the main phase of mullite and spindle and so showed high strength, low density, and low water absorbance. The appropriate amounts of codoping of the TiO2, ZnO, and MnO2/dolomite as mineralization agents obviously enhanced the properties of the glass-ceramics. Process optimizations further determined reasonable and optimal process parameters. The high strength lightweight glass-ceramics fabricated in this work may be very suitable for various applications including building materials, cooking ceramics, and proppant materials, et al.

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