scholarly journals Utilization of bus tree wood (Melaleuca sp) as environmentally friendly fuel for household industrial scale Aluminum smelting stoves in Merauke, Papua

2021 ◽  
Vol 328 ◽  
pp. 07008
Author(s):  
Klemens A Rahangmetan ◽  
Cipto Cipto ◽  
Christian Wely Wullur ◽  
Farid Sariman ◽  
Hariyanto Hariyanto
Keyword(s):  
Combustion Process ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Melting Process ◽  
Complete Combustion ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
Tree Wood ◽  
Laboratory Test Results ◽  
Aluminum Smelting ◽  
Crucible Furnace ◽  
Good Heat Resistance

The purpose of this study is the use of bus wood trees as fuel for aluminum smelting for the home industry because it has a good heating value and is very efficient, from the laboratory test results, the bus tree wood has a calorific value of 5981 (calories/g). The methods used experimental and analytical to get the results from the use of bus wood as fuel for aluminum smelting which will certainly produce good mechanical properties. The results obtained a good combustion process that releasing all the heat contained in a fuel and done with three combustion control processes, including a fairly high temperature to ignite and maintain the flame of the fuel, turbulence or mixing O2 and the use of good fuel and sufficient time to complete combustion process. The fuel (bus wood) which is inputted in the furnace is designed so that the combustion process takes place more completely with minimal heat losses. The results of temperature changes seem a thermocouple and crucible furnace insulator material were very good heat resistance hence the time of the melting process it doesn't take longer which is 15 minutes. The aluminum in crucibles has melted at a temperature of 723℃.

scholarly journals Methodology for quickly determining the quality of pellets

2019 ◽  
pp. 207-214
Author(s):  
Georgi Komitov ◽  
Violeta Rasheva ◽  
Ivan Binev
Keyword(s):  
Combustion Process ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Normative Values ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Direct Control ◽  
Complete Combustion ◽  
Control Stage ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Theory Of Graphs

A methodology for quickly and easy determination the quality of pellets offered on the market is developed on the basis of "theory of graphs". The pellet quality assessment is performed in two ways - by direct control (non-destructive measurements) and by combustion. The following pellets parameters are determined at the direct control stage: friability, homogeneity, presence of dark stains and moisture content. The experimental measurement of following parameters of the combustion process is carried out at the stage of pellet burning assessment under real conditions: temperature in the combustion chamber, time for complete combustion of the pellets and the amount of ash after pellets combustion. The calorific value of the tested pellets is determined on the basis of the experimentally obtained parameters of the combustion process. The the obtained parameters values are statistically processed according to the described in the paper equations at the next stage. Then the results for the investigated pellet parameters are compared with the normative values. The proposed methodology could be calibrated by experimental determining the calorific value of investigated pellets by a calorimeter. Practical application of this methodology is that by not so complicated measurements and calculations the required amount of pellets for heating a building with a certain energy consumption for heating season could be determined.

scholarly journals Characteristics of Woody Cutting Waste Briquette with Paper Waste Pulp as Binder

2020 ◽  
Vol 190 ◽  
pp. 00030
Author(s):  
Qurrotin Ayunina Maulida Okta Arifianti ◽  
Azmi Alvian Gabriel ◽  
Syarif Hidayatulloh ◽  
Kuntum Khoiro Ummatin
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Ignition Time ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Volatile Matter ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Hydraulic Press ◽  
Combustion Characteristic ◽  
Paper Waste ◽  
Iron Mold

The current research aimed to increase the calorific value of woody cutting waste briquette with paper waste pulp as binder. There were three different binder variation used in this study, they are 5 %, 10 %, and 15 %. To create a briquette, a cylindrical iron mold with diameter of 3.5 cm and height of 3 cm and a hydraulic press with 2 t power were applied. The physical characteristics of the combination woody waste briquette and paper waste pulp, such as moisture content, ash content, volatile matter and carbon fix were examined using proximate analysis. The calorific value of briquetted fuel was tested by bomb calorimeter. The combustion test was performed to determine the combustion characteristic of briquettes, for example initial ignition time, temperature distribution, and combustion process duration. The general result shows that the calorific value of briquette stood in the range of 4 876 kCal kg–1 to 4 993 kCal kg–1. The maximum moisture content of briquette was 5.32 %. The longest burning time was 105 min.

scholarly journals Evaluation of ash related problems during sewage sludge combustion

2019 ◽  
pp. 184-191
Author(s):  
Agnes Serbanescu ◽  
Mona Barbu ◽  
Ionut Cristea ◽  
Gina Catrina ◽  
Georgiana Cernica ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Waste To Energy ◽  
Mineral Matter ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Analytical Technique ◽  
Acid Ratio ◽  
Sludge Ash

A good function of waste-to-energy installation requires knowledge of the combustion characteristics of the fuel and fusion characteristics of the ash produced in the combustion process. Sewage sludge could be considered as renewable fuel due the high quantity of organics of sufficiently high calorific value. The combustion of sewage sludge can cause operating problems due to high ash content containing mineral compounds. This paper presents the oxide composition of three kinds of sewage sludge ashes and the influence on the slagging and fouling process in combustion. For comparation, two coal samples were selected, a low and a high rank coal. The mineral matter were investigated by the X-ray fluorescence analytical technique using the Rigaku CG X-ray Spectrofluorimeter. The evaluation of slagging and fouling process was performed on the basis of some indices: the basic oxides, the base-to-acid ratio, the slagging index and the fouling index. The conclusion based on experimental studies is that depending on mineral content the sewage sludge ash can cause high to moderate slagging and fouling hazard.

scholarly journals Analysis of the efficiency of a solid fuel boiler depending on the choice of combusted fuel

2020 ◽  
Vol 154 ◽  
pp. 02003
Author(s):  
Grzegorz Pełka ◽  
Wojciech Luboń ◽  
Przemysław Pachytel
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Solid Fuel ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Volatile Matter ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Solid Fuels ◽  
The Real ◽  
Residential Sector

In the municipal and residential sector in Poland, as many as 50% of households are heated by solid fuel boilers. Most often these are, unfortunately, inefficient boilers, fired with low-quality coal. This study characterizes the market of boilers for solid fuels in Poland, and also presents the main apportionment of these devices, due to the different criteria that characterize them. The current legal changes in the scope of energy and emission requirements for solid fuel boilers are also discussed. The main purpose of this work is to analyze the real efficiency of the solid fuel over-fired boiler used, depending on the fuel burned in it. The process of burning selected fuels (seasoned wood, coal and pea coal) in the boiler was preceded by tests of these fuels to determine their energy parameters, such as moisture, ash content, the share of volatile matter and calorific value. In the next step, the energy efficiency obtained by the tested solid fuel boiler during the combustion of selected solid fuels was compared. The highest efficiency was achieved during the combustion of pea coal, and the lowest was achieved during the combustion of wood. In any case, the nominal efficiency value was achieved. Solutions that could improve the quality of the combustion process in this type of boiler were proposed.

Investigation of heating and melting in ELTA programs

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-124
Author(s):  
Vladimir Bukanin ◽  
Aleksandr Ivanov ◽  
Alexei Zenkov
Keyword(s):  
Optimization Procedure ◽  
Melting Process ◽  
Continuous Heating ◽  
Induction Melting ◽  
Preliminary Evaluation ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Crucible Furnace ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose The purpose of this paper is obtaining the optimal parameters of induction heating and melting systems by use of the new programs ELectro-Thermal Analysis (ELTA) 8.0 and Induction Crucible Furnace (ICF) to improve a quality of final products. Design/methodology/approach Simulation of continuous through heating prior a drawing through the draw plate is realized by an optimization procedure. Additional application of ELTA 8.0 “Heating of Wire” reveals the relationship between power, time and thermal profile of load during heating. Rational variants of ICFs for melting processes are obtained using several step-by-step iterations. Findings ELTA 8.0 program permits to optimize the continuous heating of copper, steel, titanium and other wires. ICF ELTA program was used at the initial stage of the development of new technological processes and the ICFs. This program provides a preliminary evaluation of an induction melting process and system before the use of more sophisticated 2D or 3D programs. Results of optimization allowed to find a rational decision of an induction system, the required parameters of a refractory and a power supply. Non-conductive and graphite crucibles of the furnace were compared from electrical and economical points of view. Originality/value Fast calculation of ELTA programs allows the designer to provide the required temperature distribution in a cross section and along the part to control the real-time processes of heating and melting.

Investigation on the Combustion and Emission Characteristics of Light-Vehicle Diesel Engine Fueled with Bio-Diesel

2011 ◽  
Vol 268-270 ◽  
pp. 1313-1316
Author(s):  
Yi Tao
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Delay Time ◽  
Ignition Delay Time ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Emission Characteristics ◽  
Soot Emission ◽  
Complete Combustion ◽  
Combustion Duration ◽  
Light Vehicle

Tests were performed with a light-vehicle diesel engine. Four representative operating conditions in 1600r/min speed have been considered. This article compares the combustion and emission characteristics of engine fueled with Bio-diesel and standard diesel. The results showed that the ignition delay time and combustion duration shorten when fuel with bio-diesel. Bio-diesel contains more oxygen and that contribute to complete combustion of fuel. The combustion of bio-diesel fuel results higher NOx emission and lower HC、CO emissions at all operating conditions. But lower Soot emission because of bio-diesel dose not contains sulfides. At the same time, fuel consumption higher, because calorific value of bio-diesel is lower than standard diesel.

Use of Ceramic Injection Molding Technology to Increase Biogas Burners Efficiency

2017 ◽  
Vol 736 ◽  
pp. 127-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.Y. Sokolov ◽  
S.A. Naumov ◽  
A.V. Sadchikov ◽  
S.V. Mitrofanov
Keyword(s):  
Injection Molding ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Gas Mixture ◽  
Complete Combustion ◽  
Ceramic Injection Molding

The article gives considerations to issues relating to organization of biogas combustion process. A new design of biogas burner is suggested. It differs from existing analogues by more complete combustion of air and gas mixture and high efficiency. Feasibility of greater burners' effectiveness due to the use of ceramic injection molding technology is demonstrated here.

scholarly journals Energy Willow From Experimental Plantation as a Potentially Clean Energy Source

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Janas ◽  
Alicja Zawadzka
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Production Capacity ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Heat Of Combustion ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Clean Energy Source

Abstract Energy willow as a species with broad adaptation possibilities, large production capacity and a wide range of applications, takes a special place among the plants grown for energy production. In this work an analysis was conducted in respect of the usefulness of this type of wood from experimental plantations as a clean source of energy generated in the combustion process. The heat of combustion and net calorific value of dry matter of energy willow wood, including selected sorts and classes of thickness were determined. Energy willow has a natural ability to accumulate heavy metals which are oxidized during the combustion process or remain in the ash, and consequently repollute the environment. In order to determine the environmental impact the content of heavy metals was examined in energy willow wood and in the soil of the experimental plantation. Metal concentrations were determined by the Atomic Absorption Spectrometry method (AAS). Results of the tests confirmed a close relationship between the heat of combustion, calorific value and wood thickness as well as its location in the tree structure. Furthermore, very large differences were found in the content of heavy metals in the samples of both willow wood and soil. The levels of heavy metal content in the wood of energy willow determine the agricultural use of ashes produced during combustion.

CFD Analysis of Turbec T100 Combustor at Part Load by Varying Fuels

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raffaela Calabria ◽  
Fabio Chiariello ◽  
Patrizio Massoli ◽  
Fabrizio Reale
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Liquid Fuels ◽  
Cfd Analysis ◽  
Part Load ◽  
Gaseous Fuels ◽  
Wide Range

In recent years an increasing interest is focused on the study of micro gas turbines (MGT) behavior at part load by varying fuel, in order to determine their versatility. The interest in using MGT is related to the possibility of feeding with a wide range of fuels and to realize efficient cogenerative cycles by recovering heat from exhaust gases at higher temperatures. In this context, the studies on micro gas turbines are focused on the analysis of the machine versatility and flexibility, when operating conditions and fuels are significantly varied. In line of principle, in case of gaseous fuels with similar Wobbe Index no modifications to the combustion chamber should be required. The adoption of fuels whose properties differ greatly from those of design can require relevant modifications of the combustor, besides the proper adaptation of the feeding system. Thus, at low loads or low calorific value fuels, the combustor becomes a critical component of the entire MGT, as regards stability and emissions of the combustion process. Focus of the paper is a 3D CFD analysis of the combustor behavior of a Turbec T100P fueled at different loads and fuels. Differences between combustors designed for natural gas and liquid fuels are also highlighted. In case of natural gas, inlet combustor temperature and pressure were taken from experimental data; in case of different fuels, such data were inferred by using a thermodynamic model which takes into account rotating components behavior through operating maps of compressor and turbine. Specific aim of the work is to underline potentialities and critical issues of the combustor under study in case of adoption of fuels far from the design one and to suggest possible solutions.

Numerical Simulation of Combustion Process in a 350t/d MSW Incinerator

2012 ◽  
Vol 268-270 ◽  
pp. 898-901
Author(s):  
Shui E Yin ◽  
Jun Wu
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Species Distributions ◽  
Complete Combustion ◽  
Operational Conditions ◽  
Furnace Outlet ◽  
Air Supply ◽  
Total Temperature ◽  
Secondary Air

A mathematical model was presented for the combustion of municipal solid waste in a 350t/d MSW-burning incinerator. Numerical simulations were performed to predict the temperature and the species distributions in the furnace, with practical operational conditions taken into account. When the total air supply is constant, reducing primary air and increasing secondary air properly results in the higher total temperature of the furnace and the more oxygen concentration at the furnace outlet, and thereby contributes to the complete combustion of combustibles so that an optimal combustion effect can be achieved.

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