scholarly journals Investigation of the behaviour of functionally graded materials under impact loads

2018 ◽  
Vol 183 ◽  
pp. 01049 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maxim Orlov ◽  
Yuri Orlov ◽  
Viktor Glazyrin ◽  
Yulia Orlova
Keyword(s):  
Applied Mathematics ◽  
Impact Resistance ◽  
Damage Parameter ◽  
Complex Model ◽  
Functionally Graded ◽  
State University ◽  
Graded Materials ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Mathematical Model

The impact response of unidirectional FGM is studied in detail. The behaviour of the material is described by the classical complex model of continuum mechanics. The calculations are performed in 2D axisymmetric approach using a modified Lagrangian method. The mathematical model and numerical method was developed at the Research Institute of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics of Tomsk State University. In the beginning, test calculations were carried out. The evolution of the destruction of homogeneous and FGM-samples, including the time of formation of the first foci of destruction, spall was studied. The time dependences of the velocity of the free surface, hydrostatic pressure, and the damage parameter were constructed. The presence of a graded substrate led to an increase in impact resistance at velocities up to 275 m/s.

scholarly journals The research of destruction of functionally-graded materials subjected to impact loading

2021 ◽  
Vol 250 ◽  
pp. 02025
Author(s):  
Maxim Yu. Orlov ◽  
Viktor Glazyrin ◽  
Yulia Orlova
Keyword(s):  
Impact Resistance ◽  
Functionally Graded ◽  
Impact Response ◽  
Compressible Medium ◽  
Graded Materials ◽  
Node Splitting ◽  
Fracture Of Materials ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Wave Phenomena ◽  
Good Agreement

A numerical analysis on impact response of multilayer plates and plates with a gradient substrate against steel projectile perforation was made. The shear strength was varied in the substrate within a certain range. The behavior of bodies is modeled by an elastic-plastic, porous, compressible medium, taking into account shock-wave phenomena and fragmentary fracture of materials. A numerical lagrangian method with modified node splitting algorithms was used. Good agreement between the computed and experimental results was obtained. During perforation, pattern of destruction of all plates has been investigated. The results show impact resistance of plates with a gradient substrate was greater than the homogeneous steel one, but less than multilayer ones. However, the impact resistance of multilayer plates is explained by the pinching effect of the layers.

Analytical and numerical investigation of the free vibration of functionally graded materials sandwich beams

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (110) ◽  
pp. 72-85
Author(s):  
S.H. Bakhy ◽  
M. Al-Waily ◽  
M.A. Al-Shammari
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Solution ◽  
Free Vibration ◽  
Functionally Graded Materials ◽  
Sandwich Beam ◽  
Beam Theory ◽  
Functionally Graded ◽  
Gradient Index ◽  
Sandwich Beams ◽  
Graded Materials ◽  
The Impact

Purpose: In this study, the free vibration analysis of functionally graded materials (FGMs) sandwich beams having different core metals and thicknesses is considered. The variation of material through the thickness of functionally graded beams follows the power-law distribution. The displacement field is based on the classical beam theory. The wide applications of functionally graded materials (FGMs) sandwich structures in automotive, marine construction, transportation, and aerospace industries have attracted much attention, because of its excellent bending rigidity, low specific weight, and distinguished vibration characteristics. Design/methodology/approach: A mathematical formulation for a sandwich beam comprised of FG core with two layers of ceramic and metal, while the face sheets are made of homogenous material has been derived based on the Euler–Bernoulli beam theory. Findings: The main objective of this work is to obtain the natural frequencies of the FG sandwich beam considering different parameters. Research limitations/implications: The important parameters are the gradient index, slenderness ratio, core metal type, and end support conditions. The finite element analysis (FEA), combined with commercial Ansys software 2021 R1, is used to verify the accuracy of the obtained analytical solution results. Practical implications: It was found that the natural frequency parameters, the mode shapes, and the dynamic response are considerably affected by the index of volume fraction, the ratio as well as face FGM core constituents. Finally, the beam thickness was dividing into frequent numbers of layers to examine the impact of many layers' effect on the obtained results. Originality/value: It is concluded, that the increase in the number of layers prompts an increment within the frequency parameter results' accuracy for the selected models. Numerical results are compared to those obtained from the analytical solution. It is found that the dimensionless fundamental frequency decreases as the material gradient index increases, and there is a good agreement between two solutions with a maximum error percentage of no more than 5%.

Impact Resistance and Energy Absorption of Functionally Graded Cellular Structures

2011 ◽  
Vol 69 ◽  
pp. 73-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Kai Wang ◽  
Zhi Jun Zheng ◽  
Ji Lin Yu ◽  
Chang Feng Wang
Keyword(s):  
Energy Absorption ◽  
Impact Resistance ◽  
Functionally Graded ◽  
Cellular Structures ◽  
Stress Wave Propagation ◽  
Initial Kinetic Energy ◽  
Gradual Change ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
The One ◽  
The Impact

The dynamic response of functionally graded cellular structures subjected to impact of a finite mass was investigated in this paper. Compared to a cellular structure with a uniform cell size, the one with gradually changing cell sizes may improve many properties. Based on the two-dimensional random Voronoi technique, a two-dimensional topological configuration of cellular structures with a linear density-gradient in one direction was constructed by changing the cell sizes. The finite element method using ABAQUS/Explicit code was employed to investigate the energy absorption and the influence of gradient on stress wave propagation. Results show that functionally graded cellular structures studied are superior in energy absorption to the equivalent uniform cellular structures under low initial kinetic energy impacts, and the performance of such structures can be significantly improved when the density difference is enlarged. The stress levels at the impact and support ends may be reduced by introducing a gradual change of density in cellular structures when the initial impact velocity is low.

scholarly journals Bending of Symmetric Sandwich FGM Beams with Shear Connectors

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Dung Nguyen Thai ◽  
Phung Van Minh ◽  
Cuong Phan Hoang ◽  
Tam Ta Duc ◽  
Nhung Nguyen Thi Cam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Mechanical Response ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Beam Theory ◽  
Numerical Data ◽  
Functionally Graded ◽  
Engineering Practice ◽  
Graded Materials ◽  
Shear Connectors ◽  
The Impact

This paper carries out the static bending analysis of symmetric three-layer functionally graded sandwich beams, in which each layer is made from different functionally graded materials, and they are connected by shear connectors due to sliding movement. The finite element formulations are based on Timoshenko’s first-order shear deformation beam theory (FSDT) and the finite element method to establish the equilibrium equation of beams. The calculation program is coded in the MATLAB environment, and then verification examples are given out to compare the numerical data of present work with those of exact open sources. The impact of several geometrical and material parameters on the mechanical response of the structure, such as the height-to-length ratio, boundary conditions, volume fraction index, and especially the shear coefficient of connectors, is being explored. When designing and using these types of structures in engineering practice, the computed results can be utilized as a valid reference.

scholarly journals The Effect of Functionally Graded Materials on Temperature during Frictional Heating: Under Uniform Sliding

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (15) ◽  
pp. 4285
Author(s):  
Aleksander Yevtushenko ◽  
Katarzyna Topczewska ◽  
Przemysław Zamojski
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Functionally Graded Materials ◽  
Frictional Heating ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
Functionally Graded ◽  
Heating Process ◽  
Spatial Distributions ◽  
Graded Materials ◽  
Exponential Change ◽  
The Mathematical Model

The mathematical model of heating process for a friction system made of functionally graded materials (FGMs) was proposed. For this purpose, the boundary-value problem of heat conduction was formulated for two semi-spaces under uniform sliding taking into consideration heating due to friction. Assuming an exponential change in thermal conductivities of the materials, the exact, as well as asymptotic (for small values of time), solutions to this problem were obtained. A numerical analysis was performed for two elements made of ZrO2–Ti-6Al-4V and Al3O2–TiC composites. The influence of the gradient parameters of both materials on the evolution and spatial distributions of the temperature were investigated. The temperatures of the elements made of FGMs were compared with the temperatures found for the homogeneous ceramic materials.

Bending of Thermoviscoelastic Functionally Graded Materials Beams

2012 ◽  
Vol 503-504 ◽  
pp. 305-308
Author(s):  
Ming Lu Wang ◽  
Gao Feng Wei
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Variational Principle ◽  
Laplace Transformation ◽  
Transformation Method ◽  
Functionally Graded ◽  
Plane Section ◽  
Graded Materials ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Mathematical Model ◽  
Laplace Transformation Method

According to the constitutive relation of linear thermovisoelasticity, with the help of Laplace transformation method and the introduction of structure functions and thermal functions, the mathematical model and its corresponding variational principle for thermoviscoelastic FGM beams are set up on the basis of the assumption that plane section remains plane and normal to the beam axis. Using Laplace transformation method, the deflection and the stress distribution are discussed.

scholarly journals Mathematical Model for Charpy Impact Energy of V-Notch Specimens

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Wei Wang ◽  
Ping Wang ◽  
Xuesong Liu ◽  
Zhibo Dong ◽  
Hongyuan Fang
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Impact Energy ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Theoretical Basis ◽  
Impact Resistance ◽  
Charpy Impact ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Mathematical Model ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Derivation Process

Firstly, by analyzing the response of Charpy V-notch specimen impacted by pendulum, the relationship between specimen geometry, material properties, and impact energy is established and simplified, and the mathematical model for evaluating impact energy of specimens with different sizes is established. Then, the effectiveness of the model through a series of impact tests is verified. Theoretical analysis and experimental results show that the relationship between ligament length and impact energy is quadratic, while the relationship between ligament thickness and impact energy is linear. In the derivation process, the intrinsic impact toughness is used to evaluate the toughness of materials. The mathematical model makes it possible to evaluate the impact energy of specimens with different sizes and provides a theoretical basis for evaluating the impact resistance of structures.

scholarly journals S1-ZGV Modes of a Linear and Nonlinear Profile for Functionally Graded Material Using Power Series Technique

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
M. Zagrouba ◽  
M. S. Bouhdima ◽  
M. H. Ben Ghozlen
Keyword(s):  
Power Series ◽  
Functionally Graded Material ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Functionally Graded ◽  
Graded Materials ◽  
Graded Material ◽  
Zero Group ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Power Series Technique ◽  
Series Technique

The present work deals with functionally graded materials (FGM) isotropic plates in the neighborhood of the first-order symmetric zero group velocity (S1-ZGV) point. The mechanical properties of functionally graded material (FGM) are assumed to vary continuously through the thickness of the plate and obey a power law of the volume fraction of the constituents. Governing equations for the problem are derived, and the power series technique (PST) is employed to solve the recursive equations. The impact of the FGM basic materials properties on S1-ZGV frequency of FGM plate is investigated. Numerical results show that S1-ZGV frequency is comparatively more sensitive to the shear modulus. The gradient coefficient p does not affect the linear dependence of ZGV frequency fo as function of cut-off frequency fc; only the slope is slightly varied.

scholarly journals State-of-the-art review of fabrication, application, and mechanical properties of functionally graded porous nanocomposite materials

2022 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 321-371
Author(s):  
Ismail Barbaros ◽  
Yongmin Yang ◽  
Babak Safaei ◽  
Zhicheng Yang ◽  
Zhaoye Qin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elastic Properties ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Size Composition ◽  
Functionally Graded ◽  
Polymeric Nanocomposites ◽  
Graded Materials ◽  
Reinforcing Agent ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Porous Nanocomposite ◽  
Acoustical Energy

Abstract Functionally graded porous (FGP) nanocomposites are the most promising materials among the manufacturing and materials sector due to their adjustable physical, mechanical, and operational properties for distinctive engineering applications for maximized efficiency. Therefore, investigating the underlying physical and materialistic phenomena of such materials is vital. This research was conducted to analyze the preparation, fabrication, applications, and elastic properties of functionally graded materials (FGMs). The research investigated for both porous and nonporous synthesis, preparation, and manufacturing methods for ceramics, metallic, and polymeric nanocomposites in the first section, which is followed by deep research of the development of elastic properties of the above-mentioned materials. Main nano-reinforcing agents used in FGMs to improve elastic properties were found to be graphene platelets, carbon nanotubes, and carbon nanofibers. In addition, research studied the impact of nano-reinforcing agent on the elastic properties of the FGMs. Shape, size, composition, and distribution of nano-reinforcing agents were analyzed and classified. Furthermore, the research concentrated on modeling of FGP nanocomposites. Extensive mathematical, numerical, and computational modeling were analyzed and classified for different engineering analysis types including buckling, thermal, vibrational, thermoelasticity, static, and dynamic bending. Finally, manufacturing and design methods regarding different materials were summarized. The most common results found in this study are that the addition of reinforcement units to any type of porous and nonporous nanocomposites significantly increases materialistic and material properties. To extend, compressive and tensile stresses, buckling, vibrational, elastic, acoustical, energy absorption, and stress distribution endurance are considerably enhanced when reinforcing is applied to porous and nonporous nanocomposite assemblies. Ultimately, the review concluded that the parameters such as shape, size, composition, and distribution of the reinforcing units are vital in terms of determining the final mechanical and materialistic properties of nanocomposites.

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