New trends in extraction and separation processes

Planta Medica ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 74 (09) ◽  
Author(s):  
E Bombardelli
2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (15) ◽  
pp. 7177-7185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deying Mu ◽  
Yuanlong Liu ◽  
Ruhong Li ◽  
Quanxin Ma ◽  
Changsong Dai

A highly-selective electrolyte recovery method-transcritical CO2 extraction—was presented which combined the extraction and separation processes together.


Separations ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 69
Author(s):  
Sagrario Torres-Cartas ◽  
Mónica Catalá-Icardo ◽  
Susana Meseguer-Lloret ◽  
Ernesto F. Simó-Alfonso ◽  
José Manuel Herrero-Martínez

This review describes the recent advances from the past five years concerning the development and applications of molecularly imprinted membranes (MIMs) in the field of sample treatment and separation processes. After a short introduction, where the importance of these materials is highlighted, a description of key aspects of membrane separation followed by the strategies of preparation of these materials is described. The review continues with several analytical applications of these MIMs for sample preparation as well as for separation purposes covering pharmaceutical, food, and environmental areas. Finally, a discussion focused on possible future directions of these materials in extraction and separation field is also given.


2017 ◽  
Vol 117 (10) ◽  
pp. 6984-7052 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sónia P. M. Ventura ◽  
Francisca A. e Silva ◽  
Maria V. Quental ◽  
Dibyendu Mondal ◽  
Mara G. Freire ◽  
...  

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom Willhammar ◽  
Kazuho Daicho ◽  
Duncan Johnstone ◽  
Kayoko Kobayashi ◽  
Yingxin Liu ◽  
...  

Cellulose is crystallized by plants and other organisms into fibrous nanocrystals. The mechanical properties of these nanofibers and the formation of helical superstructures with energy dissipating and adaptive optical properties depend on the ordering of polysaccharide chains within these nanocrystals, which is typically measured in bulk average. Direct measurement of the local polysaccharide chain arrangement has been elusive. In this study, we use the emerging technique of scanning electron diffraction to probe the packing of polysaccharide chains across cellulose nanofibers and to reveal local ordering of the chains in twisting sections of the nanofibers. We then use atomic force microscopy to shed light on the size dependence of the inherent driving force for cellulose nanofiber twisting. The direct measurement of crystalline twisted regions in cellulose nanofibers has important implications for understanding single cellulose fibril properties that influence the interactions between cellulose nanocrystals in dense assemblies. This understanding may enable cellulose extraction and separation processes to be tailored and optimized.<br>


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom Willhammar ◽  
Kazuho Daicho ◽  
Duncan Johnstone ◽  
Kayoko Kobayashi ◽  
Yingxin Liu ◽  
...  

Cellulose is crystallized by plants and other organisms into fibrous nanocrystals. The mechanical properties of these nanofibers and the formation of helical superstructures with energy dissipating and adaptive optical properties depend on the ordering of polysaccharide chains within these nanocrystals, which is typically measured in bulk average. Direct measurement of the local polysaccharide chain arrangement has been elusive. In this study, we use the emerging technique of scanning electron diffraction to probe the packing of polysaccharide chains across cellulose nanofibers and to reveal local ordering of the chains in twisting sections of the nanofibers. We then use atomic force microscopy to shed light on the size dependence of the inherent driving force for cellulose nanofiber twisting. The direct measurement of crystalline twisted regions in cellulose nanofibers has important implications for understanding single cellulose fibril properties that influence the interactions between cellulose nanocrystals in dense assemblies. This understanding may enable cellulose extraction and separation processes to be tailored and optimized.<br>


Biomolecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tânia D. Tavares ◽  
Joana C. Antunes ◽  
Fernando Ferreira ◽  
Helena P. Felgueiras

In the last ten years, environmental consciousness has increased worldwide, leading to the development of eco-friendly materials to replace synthetic ones. Natural fibers are extracted from renewable resources at low cost. Their combination with synthetic polymers as reinforcement materials has been an important step forward in that direction. The sustainability and excellent physical and biological (e.g., biocompatibility, antimicrobial activity) properties of these biocomposites have extended their application to the biomedical field. This paper offers a detailed overview of the extraction and separation processes applied to natural fibers and their posterior chemical and physical modifications for biocomposite fabrication. Because of the requirements for biomedical device production, specialized biomolecules are currently being incorporated onto these biocomposites. From antibiotics to peptides and plant extracts, to name a few, this review explores their impact on the final biocomposite product, in light of their individual or combined effect, and analyzes the most recurrent strategies for biomolecule immobilization.


Author(s):  
C.E. Voegele-Kliewer ◽  
A.D. McMaster ◽  
G.W. Dirks

Materials other than polymers, e.g. ceramic silicates, are currently being investigated for gas separation processes. The permeation characteristics of one such material, Vycor (Corning Glass #1370), have been reported for the separation of hydrogen from hydrogen iodide. This paper will describe the electron microscopy techniques applied to reveal the porous microstructure of a Vycor membrane. The application of these techniques has led to an increased understanding in the relationship between the substructure and the gas transport properties of this material.


2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
Emma Savitri ◽  
Natalia Suseno ◽  
Tokok Adiarto

Many mass-transfer applications have used chitosan membrane in separation processes. This research applied crosslinked chitosan membrane to sterillize bacterial growth media. Chitosan membranes having 79 % DD were produced by casting and drying chitosan solution. The images of the membrane were characterized by SEM and other characterizations such as permeability, permselectivity and tensile strength were investigated. The flux increased with longer submersion period but the rejection decreased. Otherwise, the flux decreased and rejection increased in line with an increase in curing temperature. Tensile strength increased with the increase of submersion period and curing temperature. The optimum conditions of crosslinking process are 2 hours of submersion periods and curing temperature at 90 oC.  It gives flux 5.8930 L/jam.m2, rejection 97.47 % and tensile strength 49640 kN/m2


2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-95
Author(s):  
Agus Sudibyo ◽  
Sardjono Sardjono

Crude palm oil (CPO)is the richest natural plant source of carotenoids in terms of retinol (pro-vitamin A) equivalent, whereas palm oil mill effluent (POME) is generated from palm oil industry that contains oil and carotenes that used to be treated before discharge. Carotenoids are importance in animals and humans for the purpose of the enhancement of immune response, conversion of vitamin A and scavenging of oxygen radicals. This component has different nutritional  functions and benefits to humaan health. The growing interest in the other natural sources of beta-carotene and growing awareness to prevent pollution has stimulated the industrial use of CPO and POME as a raw material for carotenoids extraction. Various technologies of extraction and separation have been developed in order to recover of carotenoids.This article reports on various technologies that have been developed in order to recover of carotenoids from being destroyed in commercial refining of palm oil and effects of some various treatments on the extraction end separation for carotenoid from palm oil and carotenoids concentration. Principally, there are different technologies, and there is one some future which is the use of solvent. Solvent plays important role  in the most technologiest, however the problem of solvents which are used is that they posses potentiaal fire health and environmental hazards. Hence selection of the  most safe, environmentally friendly and cost effective solvent is important to design of alternative extraction methods.Chemical molecular product design is one of the methods that are becoming more popular nowadays for finding solvent with the desired properties prior to experimental testing.ABSTRAKMinyak sawit kasar merupakan sumber karotenoid terkaya yang berasal dari tanaman sawit sebagai senyawa yang sama dengan retinol atau pro-vitamin A; sedangkan limbah pengolahan minyak sawit dihasilkan dari industri pengolahan minyak sawit yang berisi minyak dan karotene yang perlu diberi perlakuan terlebih dahulu sebelum dibuang. Karotenoid merupakan bahan penting yang diperlukan pada hewan dan manusia guna memperkuat tanggapan terhadap kekebalan, konversi ke vitamin A dan penangkapan gugus oksigen radikal. Dengan berkembangnya ketertarikan dalam mencari beta-karotene yang bersumber dari alam lain dan meningkatnya kesadaran untuk mencegah adanya pencemaran lingkungan, maka mendorong suatu industri untuk menggunakan CPO dan POME sebagai bahan baku untuk diekstrak karotenoidnya. Berbagai macam teknologi guna mengekstrak dan memisahkan karotenoid telah dikembangkan untuk mendapatkan kembali karotenoidnya. Makalah ini melaporkan dan membahas berbagai jenis teknologi yang telah dikembangkan guna mendapatkan kembali senyawa karotenoid dari kerusakan di dalam proses pemurnian minyak sawit secara komersial dan pengaruh beberapa perlakuan terhadap ekstrasi dan pemisahan karotenoid dari minyak sawit dan konsentrasi karotenoidnya. Pada prinsipnya, berbagai teknologi yang digunakan untuk mengekstrak dan memisahkan karotenoid terdapat perbedaan, dan terdapat salah satu teknologi yang digunakan untuk esktrasi dan pemisahan karotenoid adalah menggunakan bahan pelarut. Pelarut yang digunakan mempunyai peranan yang penting dalam teknologi ekstrasi; namun pelarut yang digunakan untuk mengekstrak tersebut mempunyai persoalan karena berpotensi mengganggu kesehatan dan membahayakan cemaran lingkungan. Oleh karena itu, pemilihan jenis teknologi yang aman, ramah terhadap lingkungan dan biaya yang efektif untuk penggunaan pelarut merupakan hal penting sebelum dilakukan desain metode/teknologi alternatif untuk esktrasi karotenoid. Pola produk molekuler kimia merupakan salah satu metode yang saat ini menjadi lebih populer untuk mencari pelarut dengan sifat-sifat yang dikehendaki sebelum diujicobakan. Kata kunci :    karotenoid, ekstrasi, pemisahan, teknologi, minyak sawit kasar, limbah industri pengolahan sawit.


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