Förderung des Obst- und Gemüseverzehrs bei Schulkindern – Mission (im-)possible?

2013 ◽  
Vol 76 (04) ◽  
pp. 198-203
Author(s):  
I. Behrendt ◽  
M. Krawinkel
Keyword(s):  
Baseline Survey ◽  
Kognitive Entwicklung ◽  
Pro Greens

ZusammenfassungEine Ernährung, reich an Obst und Gemüse, ist wichtig für die physische und kognitive Entwicklung des Kindes sowie zur Prävention ernährungsabhängiger Erkrankungen. In Deutschland wurden im Mai 2009 insgesamt 816 Schulkinder (Jungen und Mädchen im Alter von 10-13 Jahren) von 14 allgemeinbildenden Schulen in Mittelhessen zum Obst- und Gemüseverzehr befragt. Anschließend wurden von November 2009–April 2010 in 7 Schulen schulische Aktivitäten zur Förderung des Obst- und Gemüseverzehrs durchgeführt. Die Interventionsgruppe erhielt Arbeitsblätter zum Thema Obst und Gemüse und führte weitere ernährungsbildende Aktivitäten durch. Die anderen sieben Schulen dienten als Kontrollgruppe. Nach der Interventionsphase wurden alle Schulen im Rahmen eines follow-up survey erneut befragt. Beide Surveys basierten auf demselben standardisierten Fragebogen zur Erfassung des Obst- und Gemüseverzehrs. Der Vergleich des baseline survey und follow-up zeigte innerhalb der Interventionsgruppe keine Veränderung der Verzehrmenge. In der Kon­trollgruppe ging der Obstverzehr allerdings signifikant zurück (p=0,034). Die Intervention beeinflusst die Diversität der verzehrten Obst- und Gemüsesorten positiv. Die PRO GREENS-Strategien bieten eine Grundlage zur Förderung des Obst- und Gemüseverzehrs bei Schulkindern. Sie sind allerdings hinsichtlich Einbezugs der Eltern, Erlebnisorientierung, Verhältnisprävention und Aufbau von langfristigen Kooperationen weiter zu verbessern, um eine vielseitige Lebensmittelauswahl und Nährstoffaufnahme zu gewährleisten.

Kidney function decline is associated with an accelerated increase in plasma homocysteine in older adults: a longitudinal study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Hui Zhang ◽  
Yi Li ◽  
Meng Hao ◽  
Xiaoyan Jiang ◽  
Jiucun Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Kidney Function ◽  
Repeated Measurements ◽  
Baseline Survey ◽  
Mixed Effect ◽  
Pronounced Increase ◽  
Crude Model ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Kidney Function Decline ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Background: Few studies have been conducted to investigate the association of kidney function decline with the trajectories of homocysteine (Hcy) over time, using repeated measurements. We aimed to investigate the association of kidney function with changes in plasma Hcy levels over time. Methods: Data were collected from the Rugao Longevity and Ageing Study. In detail, plasma Hcy and creatinine levels were measured in both waves (waves 2, 3 and 4) during the 3.5-year follow-up (N = 1135). Wave 2 was regarded as the baseline survey. The estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was calculated based on creatinine. Subjects were categorized into four groups according to quartiles of eGFR at baseline. Linear mixed-effect models were used to investigate the association of eGFR with subsequent plasma Hcy levels. Results: The mean eGFR at baseline was 90.84 (11.42) mL/min/1.73 m2. The mean plasma Hcy level was 14.09 (6.82) at baseline and increased to 16.28 (8.27) and 17.36 (10.39) μmol/L during follow-ups. In the crude model, the interaction between time and eGFR at baseline was significant (β = −0.02, 95% CI: −0.02 to −0.01, p = 0.002). After adjusting for confounding factors, a significant relationship remained (β = −0.02, 95% CI: −0.02 to −0.01, p = 0.003), suggesting that kidney function decline at baseline was associated with a faster increase in Hcy levels. Conclusion: Kidney function decline is associated with a more pronounced increase in plasma Hcy levels. Further studies with longer follow-up periods and larger sample sizes are needed to validate our findings.

Oral Status and Dementia Onset: Mediation of Nutritional and Social Factors

2021 ◽  
pp. 002203452110493
Author(s):  
S. Kiuchi ◽  
U. Cooray ◽  
T. Kusama ◽  
T. Yamamoto ◽  
H. Abbas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Evaluation Study ◽  
Baseline Survey ◽  
Fruit Intake ◽  
Number Of Teeth ◽  
Stratified Analysis ◽  
Dementia Onset

Some modifiable risk factors for dementia are closely related to oral health. Although eating and speaking abilities are fundamental oral functions, limited studies have focused on the effect of malnutrition and lack of social interaction between oral health and dementia. We investigated the mediating effects of nutritional and social factors on the association between the number of teeth and the incidence of dementia. This 6-y cohort study used data from the Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study targeting older adults aged 65 y and above. The number of teeth (exposure) and covariates in 2010 (baseline survey), mediators (weight loss, vegetable and fruit intake, homeboundness, social network) in 2013, and the onset of dementia (outcome) between 2013 and 2016 were obtained. The Karlson–Holm–Breen mediation method was applied. A total of 35,744 participants were included (54.0% women). The mean age at baseline was 73.1 ± 5.5 y for men and 73.2 ± 5.5 y for women. A total of 1,776 participants (5.0%) had dementia during the follow-up period. There was a significant total effect of the number of teeth on the onset of dementia (hazard ratio, 1.14; 95% CI, 1.01–1.28). Controlling for nutritional and social mediators, the effect of the number of teeth was reduced to 1.10 (95% CI, 0.98–1.25), leaving an indirect effect of 1.03 (95% CI, 1.02–1.04). In the sex-stratified analysis, the proportion mediated by weight loss was 6.35% for men and 4.07% for women. The proportions mediated by vegetable and fruit intake and homeboundness were 4.44% and 4.83% for men and 8.45% and 0.93% for women, respectively. Furthermore, the proportion mediated by social networks was 13.79% for men and 4.00% for women. Tooth loss was associated with the onset of dementia. Nutritional and social factors partially mediated this association.

Predicting drug-free days among at-risk youth

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 599-615
Author(s):  
Chau-kiu Cheung ◽  
Steven Sek-yum Ngai
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Social Workers ◽  
Illicit Drugs ◽  
Baseline Survey ◽  
At Risk Youth ◽  
Drug Rehabilitation ◽  
Prospective Design ◽  
Not At Risk ◽  
Drug Free

Summary Whether or not at-risk youth eschew illicit drugs because of its expected harm remains uncertain. In theory, expectancy is influential when the harm is valuable to the youth. Hence, to examine this possibility, this study employed a prospective design to collect data from 169 at-risk youths identified by social workers in Hong Kong, China. Findings Results revealed that when a youth has higher expectancy and valuation of harm in the baseline survey, he/she had considerably more drug-free days in the follow-up survey. However, neither the expectancy nor valuation alone introduced an effect on drug-free days. Applications These results sustained approaches to fostering the expectancy and valuation of harm for effective drug rehabilitation. Specifically, the approaches required to raise the expectancy of youth on the harm of drug abuse to their vigour and the value of sustaining their vigour simultaneously.

scholarly journals Association between willingness to receive the COVID-19 vaccine and sources of health information among Japanese workers: a cohort study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ko Hiraoka ◽  
Tomohisa Nagata ◽  
TAKAHIRO MORI ◽  
Hajime Ando ◽  
Ayako Hino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Health Information ◽  
Herd Immunity ◽  
Baseline Survey ◽  
Vaccination Programs ◽  
Japanese Workers ◽  
Company Policy ◽  
Sources Of Health Information ◽  
To Receive

Background: It is important to achieve herd immunity by vaccinating as many people as possible to end the COVID-19 pandemic. We investigated the relationship between willingness to receive vaccination and sources of health information among those who did not want to be vaccinated against COVID-19. Methods: This prospective cohort study collected data using a self-administered questionnaire survey. The baseline survey was conducted during December 22-25, 2020, and the follow-up survey during February 18-19, 2021. Participants were aged 20-65 years and worked at the time of the baseline survey (N=33,087). After excluding 6,051 invalid responses, we included responses from 27,036 participants at baseline. In total, 19,941 people responded to the follow-up survey (74% follow-up rate). We excluded 7,415 participants who answered "yes" to the question "If a COVID-19 vaccine becomes available, would you like to get it?" in the baseline survey. We finally analyzed 12,526 participants. Results: The odds ratio for change in willingness to be vaccinated from "no" to "yes" differed by source of health information. Compared with workers that used TV as a source of information, significantly fewer people who reported getting information from the Internet and friends/colleagues were willing to get the vaccine. Conclusions: It is important to approach workers who do not watch TV when implementing workplace vaccination programs. It is likely that willingness to be vaccinated can be increased through an active company policy whereby the top management recommend vaccination, coupled with an individual approach by occupational health professionals.

Chapter 5 - Urban cuisine in Brazzaville (Republic of the Congo)

2020 ◽  
pp. 69-77
Author(s):  
Yolande Berton-Ofouémé
Keyword(s):  
Food Consumption ◽  
Food Processing ◽  
Consumption Patterns ◽  
Baseline Survey ◽  
African Cities ◽  
The Past ◽  
Catering Industry ◽  
Republic Of The Congo ◽  
Ready Access

This chapter highlights the results of a baseline survey conducted in Brazzaville in 1992-1993 and a follow-up survey in 2018 on changes in food consumption patterns based on meal monitoring and interviews with food consumers, caterers and food processing companies. Trends regarding meals created by city dwellers, meals from other African cities disseminated by immigrants and by the catering industry are also analysed. Urban catering has undergone major changes over the past 25 years, and Congolese city dwellers now have ready access to international meals as well as new locally invented dishes.

scholarly journals Cognitive Function and Mortality: Results from Kaunas HAPIEE Study 2006–2017

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (7) ◽  
pp. 2397
Author(s):  
Abdonas Tamosiunas ◽  
Laura Sapranaviciute-Zabazlajeva ◽  
Dalia Luksiene ◽  
Dalia Virviciute ◽  
Martin Bobak
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Baseline Survey ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Mortality ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
Kaplan Meier ◽  
Disease Mortality ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Cvd Mortality

Background: The purpose of the study is to evaluate the association between cognitive function and risk of all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality during 10 years of the follow-up. Methods: 7087 participants were assessed in the baseline survey of the Health Alcohol Psychosocial Factors in Eastern Europe (HAPIEE) study in 2006–2008. During 10 years of follow-up, all-cause and CVD mortality risk were evaluated. Results: During 10 years of follow-up, 768 (23%) men and 403 (11%) women died (239 and 107 from CVD). After adjustment for sociodemographic, biological, lifestyle factors, and illnesses, a decrease per 1 standard deviation in different cognitive function scores increased risk for all-cause mortality (by 13%–24% in men, and 17%–33% in women) and CVD mortality (by 19%–32% in men, and 69%–91% in women). Kaplan-Meier survival curves for all-cause and CVD mortality, according to tertiles of cognitive function, revealed that the lowest cognitive function (1st tertile) predicts shorter survival compared to second and third tertiles (p < 0.001). Conclusions: The findings of this follow-up study suggest that older participants with lower cognitive functions have an increased risk for all-cause and CVD mortality compared to older participants with a higher level of cognitive function.

scholarly journals The Older Finnish Twin Cohort — 45 Years of Follow-up

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 240-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaakko Kaprio ◽  
Sailalitha Bollepalli ◽  
Jadwiga Buchwald ◽  
Paula Iso-Markku ◽  
Tellervo Korhonen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Surveys ◽  
Questionnaire Study ◽  
Baseline Survey ◽  
Time Periods ◽  
Fourth Wave ◽  
Initial Results

AbstractThe older Finnish Twin Cohort (FTC) was established in 1974. The baseline survey was in 1975, with two follow-up health surveys in 1981 and 1990. The fourth wave of assessments was done in three parts, with a questionnaire study of twins born during 1945–1957 in 2011–2012, while older twins were interviewed and screened for dementia in two time periods, between 1999 and 2007 for twins born before 1938 and between 2013 and 2017 for twins born in 1938–1944. The content of these wave 4 assessments is described and some initial results are described. In addition, we have invited twin-pairs, based on response to the cohortwide surveys, to participate in detailed in-person studies; these are described briefly together with key results. We also review other projects based on the older FTC and provide information on the biobanking of biosamples and related phenotypes.

Incidence of Mental Disorders in the Finnish UKKI Study

1996 ◽  
Vol 168 (6) ◽  
pp. 672-678 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ville Lehtinen ◽  
Juha Veijola ◽  
Tomi Lindholm ◽  
Juha Moring ◽  
Pauli Puukka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Diagnostic System ◽  
Annual Incidence ◽  
Baseline Survey ◽  
Psychiatric Interview ◽  
Neurotic Disorders ◽  
Follow Up Study

BackgroundThe aim was to give estimates of the incidence of different mental disorders from a Finnish prospective epidemiological follow-up study, the UKKI Study.MethodThe original probability sample consisted of 1000 persons, aged 15–64 years. The baseline survey took place in 1969–71, and follow-up surveys were conducted 5 and 16 years after the baseline survey. The research methods included a personal psychiatric interview and data collection from different registers. The diagnostic system was based on the ICD–8 classification.ResultsThe estimated annual incidence of all mental disorders was close to 15 per 1000 both between baseline and the 5-year follow-up as well as between the 5-year and the 16-year follow-up. During the entire 16-year follow-up period the annual incidence of all disorders was 14 per 1000 in men and 17 per 1000 in women. The annual incidence of neurotic disorders was 10 per 1000 in men and 14 per 1000 in women, and that of psychotic disorders 2 per 1000.ConclusionsIn the literature, there are huge differences in the results concerning incidence of mental disorders. The results of the present study were rather close to those of the Swedish Lundby Study, but nowhere near the results of the American ECA Study.

scholarly journals The effects of reimbursement reform of antidiabetic medicines from the patients’ perspective – a survey among patients with type 2 diabetes in Finland

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Taika Suviranta ◽  
Johanna Timonen ◽  
Janne Martikainen ◽  
Emma Aarnio
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
Free Form ◽  
Baseline Survey ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Financial Difficulties ◽  
Patients Perspective

Abstract Background In Finland, the reimbursement rate for antidiabetic medicines other than insulins was lowered from 100 to 65% at the beginning of 2017. The objective of this study was to examine the effects of this reform experienced by patients with type 2 diabetes. The objective was also to explore if socio-economic status affects this experience. Methods The data were collected by conducting a survey among Finnish adults with type 2 diabetes (n = 603). The baseline survey was conducted in November–December 2016. A second follow-up survey was conducted at the end of 2017 where the participants’ experience of the reimbursement reform was surveyed with an open-ended question. Free-form inductive content analysis was used to categorize the answers. The association between the participants’ characteristics and reporting an effect caused by the reimbursement reform was studied with binomial logistic regression. Results 285 (47.3%) participants reported an effect of some kind caused by the reimbursement reform. The most common reported effects were economic effects (32.7%) and annoyance (12.4%). Having financial difficulties in purchasing antidiabetic medicines (odds ratio (OR) 5.20, 95% confidence interval (Cl) 2.99–9.06) or not having annual deductible exceeded (OR 2.17, 95% CI 1.19–3.95), and use of certain antidiabetic medication groups at baseline were associated with reporting an effect. Socio-economic status was not associated with the likelihood of reporting an effect. Conclusions Almost half of the participants with type 2 diabetes reported an effect, most commonly economic effects, such as increased expenditure or difficulty in purchasing medicines, after the reimbursement reform. It is important to study the effects of reimbursement reforms also from the patients’ perspective.

High Neighborhood Walkability Mitigates Declines in Middle-to-Older Aged Adults’ Walking for Transport

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 1004-1008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroko Shimura ◽  
Takemi Sugiyama ◽  
Elisabeth Winkler ◽  
Neville Owen
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Baseline Survey ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Positive Relationship ◽  
Neighborhood Walkability ◽  
Cross Sectional Studies ◽  
Multilevel Linear Regression

Background:Neighborhood walkability shows significant positive relationship with residents’ walking for transport in cross-sectional studies. We examined prospective relationships of neighborhood walkability with the change in walking behaviors over 4 years among middle-to-older aged adults (50–65 years) residing in Adelaide, Australia.Methods:A baseline survey was conducted during 2003–2004, and a follow-up survey during 2007–2008. Walking for transport and walking for recreation were assessed at both times among 504 adults aged 50–65 years living in objectively determined high- and low-walkable neighborhoods. Multilevel linear regression analyses examined the associations of neighborhood walkability with changes over 4 years in walking for transport and walking for recreation.Results:On average, participants decreased their time spent in walking for transport (–4.1 min/day) and for recreation (–3.7 min/day) between the baseline and 4-year follow-up. However, those living in high-walkable neighborhoods showed significantly smaller reduction (adjusted mean change: –1.1 min/day) in their time spent in walking for transport than did those living in low-walkable neighborhoods (–6.7 min/day). No such statistically-significant differences were found with the changes in walking for recreation.Conclusions:High-walkable neighborhoods may help middle-to-older aged adults to maintain their walking for transport.

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