Incidence of Guillain–Barre's Syndrome in Children under 15 Years of Age in Oman

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (06) ◽  
pp. 206-209
Author(s):  
Roshan Koul ◽  
Amna Al-Fuitaisi ◽  
Nabil Macki ◽  
Prakash Kurubarahalli Patel ◽  
Haleema Al-Balushi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adult Population ◽  
Intravenous Immunoglobulins ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Microsoft Excel ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Immune Mediated ◽  
Gulf Country ◽  
Male To Female ◽  
Excel Format

Objective Guillain–Barre's syndrome (GBS) is an acute immune-mediated polyradiculoneuropathy seen in all ages but mostly in the adult population. We aim to report the incidence of GBS in children under 15 years of age in Oman, a Gulf country. Materials and Methods All children with GBS under 15 years of age were included in the study from January 2002 to December 2016. The data were compiled in Microsoft Excel format and analysis was performed using SPSS, version 17.0. Population-based age- and sex-specific rates of GBS were calculated using the estimated population for each 5-year period based on 2004, 2009, and 2014 mid-year population, respectively. Relative risk and 95% confidence intervals of GBS at different age categories were calculated using the overall incidence of GBS in those under 15 years as reference. Results The average annual incidence in those under 15 years was 3.1/100,000. Age-specific incidence was 4.0/100,000 in the age group 0 to 9 years and 4.7/100,000 in age group 0 to 4 years. Sixty percent had evidence of preceding infections, and the male to female ratio was 1.8:1. Fifty percent had cranial nerve involvement and 18% needed mechanical ventilation. Five percent had residual weakness. Intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIGs) were used in all, and 3.3% required plasmapheresis when they did not improve with IVIG. Clinical profile of the GBS was not different from the rest reported in the literature. Conclusion The incidence of GBS in Oman was 3.1/100,000 (range: 2.7–3.5 cases/100,000) in children under 15 years of age. The GBS is a smaller proportion among the total acute flaccid paralysis cases.

scholarly journals Study of incidence and clinical presentation of tubercular abdominal emergencies

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 1021
Author(s):  
Mahendra Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Abdominal Tuberculosis ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Microsoft Excel ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Abdominal Emergencies ◽  
History Of ◽  
Subacute Intestinal Obstruction ◽  
Male To Female

Background: Tuberculosis is a common surgical problem in our community. Emergency surgery is usually required and surgical procedure depends upon the location and extent of the disease. Objective of the study was to determine the incidence of abdominal emergencies due to tuberculosis.Methods: This observational study involved 300 patients with abdominal tuberculosis admitted either as a case of acute of subacute abdominal emergencies and tract in Lal Lajpath Rai hospital Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India, and associated hospitals. Data was entered into Excel worksheet and analyzed using SPSS version 16.0. Detailed data of each patient was entered on a Microsoft excel. Data were presented in number and percentages.Results: The maximum number of cases were in third decade of life, age group 21-30. There were 120 males and 180 females. Male to female ratio was 1:1.5. Most of cases not having evidence of tuberculosis. History of pulmonary tuberculosis and abdominal tuberculosis were observed in 25% and 13% of the total cases. Abdominal pain was the commonest symptoms. Generalized pain was present in 136 cases and localized pain was present in 154 cases. 186 cases were presented as subacute intestinal obstruction and 114 cases patients were presented as acute abdomen.Conclusions: Acute abdominal condition is one of the most frequent emergencies, early diagnosis with prompt treatment is essential for a promising prognosis.

scholarly journals Role of Multi Detector Computed Tomography Cervicocerebral Angiography in Evaluation of Patients with Stroke

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-99
Author(s):  
Balaji Varaprasad Mallula ◽  
Jithender Reddy Chintala ◽  
Srinadh Boppanna ◽  
S. Annapurna
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
Hemorrhagic Stroke ◽  
Accurate Diagnosis ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Common Risk Factor ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
The World ◽  
Male To Female ◽  
Multi Detector Computed Tomography

Background: Stroke is the second single most common cause of death in the world causing approximately 6.7 million deaths each year. It has a greater disability impact on an individual than any other chronic disease. The aim of the study is to review the value of CTA in detection and evaluation of non-traumatic cervicocerebral vascular disease (stroke). Subjects & Methods: A prospective observational study conducted in the Department of Radiodiagnosis, Kamineni Hospitals, L.B. Nagar, Hyderabad over 60 patients during April 2016 to May 2017. Results: Out of 60 patients, 35(58.3%) patients had ischemic stroke, 25(41.6%) had hemorrhagic stroke. Overall stroke was seen mostly in the age group of 61-70 (28.3%) years, with a Male to female ratio of 3:2. Conclusion: Hypertension was the most common risk factor associated with this disease, followed by diabetes. CTA helps in accurate diagnosis, risk stratification and planning management protocols.

scholarly journals Ascitic Fluid Cytology Seen in a Tertiary Hospital in Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 345-350
Author(s):  
CC Nwafor ◽  
K Obioha ◽  
TO Akhiwu
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Patient Care ◽  
Ascitic Fluid ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Malignant Cells ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Male To Female ◽  
Fluid Cytology

Ascites is a symptom that can originate due to diverse pathologies. A lot of investigations including ascitic fluid cytology (AFC) can be done on it to help determine its origin. The aim of this study, is to document the findings and highlight the importance of AFC in patient care in Uyo. All AFC reports and slides in the Department of Histopathology, University of Uyo were retrieved, reviewed and used for this study. The age ranged from 1.5 – 80 years with mean age, 41.79 (±17.23) years. About 71.8% of the ascitic fluid (AF) specimens were from patients between the 3rd and 6th decade. Females predominated in all age groups expect 10-19 year's group, with a male to female sex ratio of 1:2.4. Malignant cells were seen in 28.7% of all the samples, while 51.2% were negative for malignant cells. Malignant cells were seen in 4 (6.7%), 11 (18.3%) and 6 (10%) of the AFC performed due to various liver pathologies, ovarian malignancies and intra-abdominal malignancies respectively. Malignant cells were found more in females with a male to female ratio of 1: 3.6. Age group 40-49 years accounted for most of the malignant cases (26.6%). The pattern of AFC in Uyo is similar to the pattern in other parts of Nigeria

scholarly journals Epidemiology of Fatal Injuries reported in the mortuary of a tertiary care hospital

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 633
Author(s):  
Subrat Kumar Pradhan ◽  
Himansu Prasad Acharya ◽  
Rudra Prasanna Mishra ◽  
Jay Kumar Panda ◽  
Durga Madhab Satapathy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Microsoft Excel ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Fatal Injuries

Background: Injuries are an increasingly recognized global, preventable public health problem and are an important cause of mortality and morbidity in adult population. The major causes of injury related deaths may be intentional and unintentional. The major unintentional or “accidental” causes are road traffic accidents (RTAs), falls and drowning whereas the leading intentional causes are suicide and homicide. A robust Surveillance System for Injury Mortality is almost non-existent in our country due to which the data for the same is not available and haphazard. Keeping these factors in mind, the following study was under taken to identify the various epidemiological factors related to fatal injury cases.Methods: A record based retrospective study was conducted in the Department of Community Medicine, VSSIMAR, Burla, Odisha. The data were collected from the autopsy reports preserved at the Dept of FM & T, VSSIMSAR. Variables like age, sex, number of injury cause of death, place of death etc. were collected. Data were entered in Microsoft Excel and analysed using proportions and percentages.Results: The age group 25-44 years recorded the maximum number of deaths (37.49%). Males suffered the highest casualty accounting for 61.85% of deaths. Unintentional fatal injuries constituted 63.58% of deaths. The most number of fatal injuries resulting in deaths were RTAs (36.41%).Conclusions: The age group 25-44 years recorded maximum deaths. Males were the major death victims. RTAs constituted maximum of deaths among unintentional fatal injuries. Homicidal injuries constituted maximum of deaths due to intentional fatal injuries.

scholarly journals Aetiological factors of hoarseness in patients attending at Kathmandu University Hospital

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bikash Lal Shrestha ◽  
Ram Chaya Man Amatya ◽  
Sekhar KC ◽  
Inku Shrestha ◽  
Monika Pokharel
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Microsoft Excel ◽  
Special Investigation ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Manual Analysis ◽  
History Of ◽  
Male To Female

Objective: To evaluate the aetiological factors of hoarseness. Methods: This is a prospective, non- randomized and longitudinal study conducted from 1st august 2011 to 1st august 2012 in department of otorhinolaryngology of Kathmandu university Hospital, Dhulikhel, Nepal. All the patients with history of hoarseness underwent clinical examination, routine as well as special investigation to find the diagnosis. The final results were analyzed by simple manual analysis with frequency and percentage using Microsoft Excel software 2007. Results: There were total 280 patients included in the study. Among them the age groups of 21 – 30 years and 31 – 40 years were mainly suffer from hoarseness. Similarly, among 280 patients 200 (71.45%) were males whereas 80 (28.6%) were females with male to female ratio of 2.5:1.. The most common cause as per the distribution was acid peptic laryngitis with frequency of 37.8% whereas tuberculosis of larynx, papillary carcinoma of thyroid and papilloma of vocal cord accounts for only 0.4% each. Conclusion: There was etiological variation in hoarseness ranging from simple laryngitis to malignancies. So it is important not to ignore the hoarseness and precise history, examination and investigations should be done. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjo.v19i1.11877 Bangladesh J Otorhinolaryngol 2013; 19(1): 14-17

Histopathological Profile of Non-Haematological Paediatric Neoplasms in Hadoti Region of Rajasthan

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (43) ◽  
pp. 2453-2457
Author(s):  
Praveen Kumar Bairwa ◽  
Neelu Vashist ◽  
Deepti Sukheeja
Keyword(s):  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Bone Tumours ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Malignant Tumours ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Paediatric Tumours ◽  
Haematological Neoplasms ◽  
Benign Tumours ◽  
Male To Female

BACKGROUND Malignancy is a major cause of childhood death in developed countries. In developing countries like India, paediatric tumours are rising day by day. Proper management of paediatric tumours needs epidemiological data in various geographical areas. The present study was carried out to classify and find out the histopathological profile of solid tumours of childhood and infancy in 0 - 14 years age group from 1st January 2015 to 31st December 2017. METHODS We studied histopathology reports of 173 paediatric tumours over a period of 3 years. All the biopsy cases of solid neoplasms in the age group 0 - 14 years were included. RESULTS In our study of 173 paediatric tumours, 133 (76.87 %) were benign and 40 (23.12 %) were malignant. Maximum incidence of malignant paediatric tumours was seen in the age group of 0 - 14 years [12.13 % (21 out of 173)], with male to female ratio of (1:1.3). Amongst the benign tumours, vascular tumours were most common [27.74 % (48 of 173 cases)], with highest incidence of haemangioma [68.75 % (33 of 48 cases)]. Amongst the malignant tumours, most common were bone tumours [6.35 % (11 of 173 cases)] and amongst bone tumours, Ewing’s sarcoma accounted for 63.63 % cases (7 of 11 cases). CONCLUSIONS The incidence of paediatric neoplasms in Hadoti region of Rajasthan is 0.75 % and the majority (54.33 %) of neoplasms occurred in 10 - 14 yrs. age group. KEYWORDS Histopathology, Paediatric, Non-Haematological Neoplasms

scholarly journals The Spectrum of Gastroenteritis at the Pediatric Outpatient Clinic,. Department of Child Health, School of Medicine, University of North Sumatera in 1982

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Taheng Sebayang ◽  
Atan Baas Sinuhaji ◽  
Tyahaya Bangun ◽  
Manihar D. Marbun ◽  
A. H. Sutanto
Keyword(s):  
Outpatient Clinic ◽  
Oral Rehydration Solution ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Oral Rehydration ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
School Of Medicine ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Rehydration Solution ◽  
Male To Female

The number of children attending the Pediatric Outpatient Clinic of Pirngadi Hospital, Medan, during 1982 was 15.375. Out of these, 1246 (8.1%) had gastroenteritis. Most of the patients (1046 or 83.94%) were under two years old. The male to female ratio was 1.6: I. The peak incidence for allendance was in January, April, and May. Of 1057 patients under  five years old, 383 (36.2%) also had malnutrition. The highest percentage (70. 75%) of those who had malnutrition was found in the I to 2 years age group. Of 370 patients whose Hb level was examined, 185 (50%) had anemia. The highest percentage (67.02%) was in the below 1 year group. Only 360 (28.8%) of gastroenteritis cases received oral rehydration solution. There were 23 (1.85%) cases in which diarrhea lasted longer than 7 days. The number of patients admitted to the ward was 213 (17.07%), and the highest percentage was in the above 3 years age group. The largest number of hospitalized patients was in January (43), February (21), and April (28); while the highest percentage was in April (20.40%), June (21.42%) and August (31.42%). Peak rainfall in Medan during 1982 was in October, November, and December, i.e. much 322.2 mmm,  366.4 and 382 mm, respectively.

scholarly journals Gender Differences in Psychiatric Outpatients: A Before and During COVID-19 Pandemic Study in General Hospitals From China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenli He ◽  
Danhong Xu ◽  
Jiafeng Wang ◽  
Yuze Shen ◽  
Zheng Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Psychiatric Clinic ◽  
Age Group ◽  
General Hospitals ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Psychiatric Outpatient ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Male To Female

Abstract BackgroundLittle is known about the gender characteristics and the Corona Virus Disease 2019(COVID-19) impact on psychiatric department outpatients in general hospitals in China. MethodsWe retrospectively collected 225,947 outpatient clinic records before and during COVID-19 pandemic from January 1, 2019 to December 31, 2020 in the psychiatric clinic of 3 general hospitals, gender composition of patients was analyzed in different five age groups and nine diagnostic categories at three levels: total patient visits, number of patients and number of first-visit patients. ResultsThe total male-to-female ratio of psychiatric outpatient records in 3 general hospitals from 2019 to 2020 was 1:1.69. Women were more common in all age groups and the male-to-female ratio of 2020 was expanded compared to that of 2019, especially in age group below 34 years old and anxiety disorders category. Most mental disorders showed higher demands for females than that for males except Mental and behavioral disorders due to psychoactive substance use with the male-to-female ratio was 1:0.05. Compared to 2019, the proportions of women were expanded especially in age group below 34 years old, and anxiety disorder and undetermined diagnosis categories were significantly increased in 2020. ConclusionsThe demand for female psychiatric outpatient services is obviously higher than that for males. It is necessary to pay more attention to explore targeted mechanism or psychosocial service strategy for female patients with mental disorders. Trial registration: ChiCTR2100044894, March 31,2021 retrospectively registered.

scholarly journals Acquired heart diseases in children in Gadarif pediatrics teaching hospital, Gadarif state, Eastern Sudan

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 46
Author(s):  
Samia O. Massaad ◽  
Mohammed Ahmed A. Ahmed ◽  
Afra M. Mustafa ◽  
Sami Eldirdiri Elgaili Salah ◽  
Saeed M. Omar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Valvular Lesion ◽  
Male To Female ◽  
Rheumatic Heart ◽  
Eastern Sudan

<p><strong>Background: </strong>Acquired heart diseases (AHD) are heterogeneous diseases including rheumatic heart disease (RHD) and other affecting the heart and blood vessels after birth but usually appear clinically after 5 years of age. AHD considered as major cause of   morbidity and mortality. The present study was designed to document the spectrum, the affected age and clinical characteristics of AHDs in children of Gadarif state, eastern Sudan.</p><p><strong>Methods</strong>: This was a descriptive cross section study conducted in Gadarif pediatrics teaching hospital in period from June to Dec 2019.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 46 children from Gadarif pediatrics teaching hospital with confirmed AHD were enrolled in this study. The females were 27 (58.7%), with a male-to-female ratio of 1.4:1. The mean age was 10.6±3.9 years (age’s ≤16 years old); the most common affected age group was 10-14 years accounted 18 (39.1) cases. RHD was the commonest AHD found in 38 (82.6%) patients, the commonest valvular lesion was mitral regurgitation 31 (73.9%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>RHD was the most common AHD in the children in the present study, there is need to improve the scope of intervention facilities in the Sudan particularly in rural areas to prevent the growing and spread of these diseases.</p>

scholarly journals Audit of the workload in a maxillofacial and oral surgical unit in Johannesburg

2021 ◽  
Vol 76 (04) ◽  
pp. 194-200
Author(s):  
Kamal Sukha ◽  
Mzubanzi Mabongo
Keyword(s):  
High Volume ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Global Studies ◽  
Microsoft Excel ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Respective Treatment ◽  
Male To Female ◽  
Surgical Unit

Maxillofacial and oral surgical (MFOS) audits are able to provide data to both current and prospective patients regarding the quality of care an institution is capable of providing. The more frequently performed MFOS procedures can be determined and the allocation of funding and resources can therefore be achieved more appropriately. To conduct an audit to evaluate the workload and scopeof practice of the MFOS unit of the Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital (CMJAH) for the year 2015 by quantifying MFOS conditions and the respective treatment modalities. The study was retrospective and cross-sectional. Data was retrieved from the patient logbook of the unit which was then entered into a Microsoft Excel Spreadsheet. Pie graphs and bar charts representing the data were then generated. A total of 1 750 patients were treated in the unit. The male to female ratio was 1.3:1 and the majority of these patients were in their 3rd and 4th age decade. Most patients required a tooth extraction mainly for an impacted 3rd molar. Dentoalveolar surgery was the most commonly performed procedure followed by the treatment of facial fractures. Pathological and other MFOS conditions were less commonly encountered. The CMJAH MFOS unit treats a high volume of patients according to comparisons with global studies.

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