Genetic variation for seed yield, protein content, oil content, and seed weight in Lupinus albus

1977 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 785 ◽  
Author(s):  
AG Green ◽  
RN Oram ◽  
BJ Read
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Lupinus Albus ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Transgressive Segregation ◽  
Phenotypic Variance ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Favourable Environment

The yield, protein content, oil content and weight of seeds of 14 lines of L. albus and of 232 F3 families derived from them have been determined in a favourable environment to assess the potential for the genetic improvement of this species. Yield and protein content exhibited wide variability around mean values of 1705 kg ha-l and 38.4% respectively. Their broad sense heritabilities were 57% and 83% respectively, and neither character showed significant variety x environment interaction when parental lines were grown in two contrasting environments which significantly affected the mean values. These characters were predicted to respond to selection, but progress would be hindered by a genetic correlation between them of –0.53. Oil content had a low mean (9.1%), high heritability (90%), but a low phenotypic variance, and hence would respond little to selection. It also was subject to variety x environment interaction. Seed size should respond readily to selection. No other unfavourable genetic correlations were found between flowering time, yield, protein and oil contents, and seed weight. Transgressive segregation was common in F3 families, many of which had lower protein, higher oil or smaller seeds than either of their parents.

scholarly journals Heritabilities and Genetic Correlations for Yield and Quality Traits of Advanced Generations in a Cross of Peanut1

1983 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hee Yang Chiow ◽  
J. C. Wynne
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Maturity Index ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
Meat Content ◽  
Selection For ◽  
High Yields

Abstract The potential for selecting favorable early maturing Virginia peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) lines from advanced generations following a cross between an early maturing Spanish (ssp. fastigiata var. vulgaris) and a large fruited Virginia type (ssp. hypogaea var. hypogaea) was evaluated. Variability, broad and narrow-sense heritability and phenotypic and genetic correlations were estimated for the parents and 39 progeny lines in F5 and F6 generation grown over four location-year environments. Substantial variability among the progenies was observed for yield, seed weight/20 fruits, meat content and protein content while less variability was observed for fruit length, 20-fruit weight, oil content and a maturity index. Heritability estimates obtained from variance component analysis and parent-offspring regression were highest for yield, meat content and protein content; intermediate for fruit length, 20-fruit weight, seed weight/20 fruits; and lowest for oil content and a maturity index. Genotypic correlations generally were higher than phenotypic correlations. Low phenotypic correlations for the maturity index with yield and yield components suggested the possible recovery of favorable recombinants with early maturity and high yields. Fruit size was highly correlated with seed weight and both were significantly correlated with yield suggesting that selection for large fruit in this population would result in higher yield. Correlations between protein content and yield were low. Oil content was negatively correlated with yield indicating improvement in oil content could result in lower yield. Calculation of the relative efficiency of selection among traits indicated that (a) selection for yield components was not as effective as selection for yield itself, and (b) selection for yield could also increase protein content, several fruit and seed traits but would decrease meat and oil content. Transgressive segregation was observed for all traits studied. Progeny means for all traits were distributed nearer the spanish parent than the virginia parent. However, a few favorable recombinants with early maturity, high yields and large fruits were observed among the progenies.

Genetic variability in Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L. Czern and Coss)

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (01) ◽  
pp. 30-34
Author(s):  
R. K. Gupta ◽  
V. K. Dwivedi
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Indian Mustard ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Quantitative Characters ◽  
Biological Yield ◽  
The Mean

The data were recorded on five random selected plants for 12 quantitative characters and statistical analyzed. The analysis of variance for all the twelve characters is showed the mean square due to genotypes was highly significant. The mean values of various characters like days to 50 per cent flowering were recorded maximum for genotype IC560719 and Pusa Karishma (84.00 days)with mean 69.08 days The maximum days to 75% maturity were observed in IC-560700 genotype (142.00 days) with a mean of 135.07 days. The plant height highest recorded in the genotype IC-560696 (217.60 cm) with mean of 188.14 cm. The maximum number of primary branches per plant (16.47) was recorded in the genotype NPJ-113 with mean of 10.13. The genotype NPJ-113 produced maximum number of secondary branches per plant (35.47) with mean of 19.78. The maximum length of siliqua was recorded for Kranti (7.03) with mean of 5.24cm. The maximum number of seeds per siliqua was recorded in Kranti genotype (19.13) with mean value 14.91. The maximum 1000-seed weight recorded 5.57g for Pusa Jai Kisan with mean wt. 3.96 g. Pusa Mustard-21 produced highest biological yield (191.13g) with mean 79.00g. The genotype Pusa Jagannath had maximum harvest index (30.98%) with mean value 23.87%. The oil content in mustard maximum in 42.00 % were recorded in Pusa Agrani with mean oil content was 39.16 percent. The genotype Pusa Mustard-21 showed highest seed yield per plant (47.00g) with a mean seed yield of 18.58. The higher heritability estimates in broad sense for biological yield per plant (99.6%), number of primary branches per plant (91.4%), number of secondary branches per plant (98.4) plant height (99.2%), 1000-seed weight (99.4%) and days to 50 per cent flowering (98.5). Expected genetic advance at 5% selection intensity was recorded higher for biological yield per plant (71.60) and number secondary branches per plant (10.87).

scholarly journals Protein, weight, and oil prediction by single-seed near-infrared spectroscopy for selection of seed quality and yield traits in pea (Pisum sativum).

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gokhan Hacisalihoglu ◽  
Jelani Freeman ◽  
Paul R. Armstrong ◽  
Brad W. Seabourn ◽  
Lyndon D. Porter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Single Seed ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract Background: Pea (Pisum sativum) is a prevalent cool season crop that produces seeds valued for high protein content. Modern cultivars have incorporated several traits that improved harvested yield. However, progress toward improving seed quality has received less emphasis, in part due to the lack of tools for easily and rapidly measuring seed traits. In this study we evaluated the accuracy of single-seed near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) for measuring pea seed weight, protein, and oil content. A total of 96 diverse pea accessions were analyzed using both single-seed NIRS and wet chemistry methods. To demonstrate field relevance, the single-seed NIRS protein prediction model was used to determine the impact of seed treatments and foliar fungicides on protein content of harvested dry peas in a field trial. Results: External validation of Partial Least Squares (PLS) regression models showed high prediction accuracy for protein and weight (R2 = 0.94 for both) and less accuracy for oil (R2 = 0.75). Single seed weight was not significantly correlated with protein or oil content in contrast to previous reports. In the field study, the single-seed NIRS predicted protein values were within 1% of an independent analytical reference measurement and were sufficiently precise to detect small treatment effects. Conclusion: The high accuracy of protein and weight estimation show that single-seed NIRS could be used in the dual selection of high protein, high weight peas early in the breeding cycle allowing for faster genetic advancement toward improved pea nutritional quality.

scholarly journals Exploring the Phenotypic Stability of Soybean Seed Compositions Using Multi-Trait Stability Index Approach

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 2200
Author(s):  
Ahmed M. Abdelghany ◽  
Shengrui Zhang ◽  
Muhammad Azam ◽  
Abdulwahab S. Shaibu ◽  
Yue Feng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Soybean Seed ◽  
Weighted Average ◽  
Stability Index ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Trait Stability ◽  
Soybean Genotypes

In order to ensure an ongoing and long-term breeding progress of soybean, stable sources of major quality traits across multi-environments need to be identified. Here, a panel of 135 soybean genotypes was tested in three different Chinese environments, including Beijing, Anhui, and Hainan during the 2017 and 2018 growing seasons to identify stable genotypes for cultivation under varying environmental conditions. The weighted average of absolute scores biplot (WAASB) for the best linear unbiased predictions of the genotype-environment interaction and multi-trait stability index (MTSI) were utilized to determine the stability of the soybeans for seven seed composition traits viz; protein content, oil content, and five fatty acids (palmitic, stearic, oleic, linoleic, and linolenic acids). Based on the WAASB index, the following genotypes were identified as stable genotypes for some specific traits; ZDD12828 and ZDD12832 for protein content, WDD01583 and WDD03025 for oil content, ZDD23040 for palmitic acid, WDD00033 for stearic acid, ZDD23822 for oleic acid, ZDD11183 for linoleic acid, and ZDD08489 for linolenic acid. Furthermore, based on MTSI at a selection intensity of 10%, 14 soybean genotypes were selected for their average performance and stability. Overall, the MTSI was shown to be a powerful and simple tool for identifying superior genotypes in terms of both performance and stability, hence, identifying stable soybean genotypes for future breeding programs of quality traits.

MUTANTS OBTAINED BY CHRONIC GAMMA IRRADIATION FROM A CARPATHIAN-UKRAINIAN LOCAL SOYBEAN [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] VARIETY: I. M3 AND M4 GENERATIONS

2001 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-98
Author(s):  
M. Hajós-Novák ◽  
F. Kőrösi
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Gamma Irradiation ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Method Selection ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Selection For

Mutant soybean germplasm was developed from a Carpathian-Ukrainian local variety, using 100–300 Gy chronic gamma irradiation to obtain lines with improved oil and/or protein content. The mutant germplasm was developed by the pedigree method. Selection for high oil and protein content started in the M3 generation. Plants with 24.1 and 23.6% oil content in the seeds were detected in the M4 generation. There were negative, moderate (r = –0.4) and significant (P<0.1 and P<0.01) correlations between the oil content and the 1000-seed weight in both the M3 and M4 generations. The fatty acid composition in the seeds of plants with high oil content was favourable. It is suggested that selection for oil content in the seeds should be started in the M4 generation. Due to the limited genetic variation for protein content no mutant genotypes with higher protein content than that of the control could be identified.

Mean performance, range and analysis of variance in Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L. Czern and Coss)

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (01) ◽  
pp. 34-40
Author(s):  
Amit Tomar ◽  
Manish Kumar Srivastava ◽  
Mahak Singh
Keyword(s):  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Indian Mustard ◽  
Flower Number ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Days To Maturity ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Number Of Seeds

The analysis of variance based on mean values of 10 characters namely, day to flower, number of primary branches per plant, number of secondary branches per plant, days to maturity, plant height (cm), number of siliquae per plant, number of seeds per siliquae, 1000-seed weight (g), oil content (%) and seed yield per plant (g) were studied for testing the significance of differences among the treatments. The mean sum of squares for all the characters. Highly significant differences were recorded among all the treatments for all the 10 characters except number of primary branches per plant, number of secondary branches per plant, days to maturity and oil content.

Stability and inheritance of storage-induced hardening in 20 common bean cultivars

1991 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 641-647 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. E. Michaels ◽  
D. W. Stanley
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
High Standard ◽  
Phenotypic Variance ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Coefficients Of Variation ◽  
The Stability

Storage of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in elevated temperature and/or humidity conditions leads to a textural defect where the beans harden and fail to soften upon soaking and cooking. The objectives of this study were to determine the stability of 20 common bean cultivars grown in three environments for initial hardness, final hardness following storage and hardening ratio, and to estimate the heritability of these hardening parameters. Cultivar × environment interaction was highly significant for the hardening parameters. When stability was examined by plotting hardness against coefficient of variation across environments, three cultivars, GN-77135B, ICA Pijao and T39 Black Turtle, were marginally below the mean for both final hardness and coefficient of variation. While the coefficients of variation for the red kidney bean cultivars Redkloud and Montcalm were high, the maximum compression forces were only slightly (< 20%) greater than the maximum acceptable hardness level as determined by a sensory panel. Fiesta Pinto had the lowest coefficient of variation and near mean values for both final hardness and hardening ratio making it arguably the cultivar with best combination of texture and stability. Heritability estimates were low (0–0.24) with high standard error and estimates of the proportion of phenotypic variance due to G × E were moderate to high (0.29–0.69). Initial cultivar improvement efforts should focus on developing cultivars with greater stability across environments for the hardening parameters. Key words: Phaseolus vulgaris L., storage-induced hardening, stability, broad sense heritability, bean (common)

Groundnut under organic farming: Genetic variability and association studies for yield, quality and disease resistance in recombinant inbred lines

2015 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Krishnamurthy ◽  
P. V. Kenchana Goudar ◽  
C. M. Keerthi ◽  
H. Prashanth Babu
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Association Studies ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Pod Yield ◽  
100 Seed Weight

A population consisting of 147 RILs derived from the cross TG 49 x GPBD 4 and their reverse cross consisting 20 RILs respectively (F<sub>7</sub> generation) were utilized for the study. Both the populations were subjected to phenotyping for quality traits (oil content and protein content), disease resistance (rust and LLS both at 70 and 80 days after sowing) and three productivity traits (pod yield/plant, 100-seed weight and shelling %) for <italic>kharif</italic> 2009. In both the segregating populations, the analysis of variance indicated significant variation for all the yield traits and diseases, but the variation was found to be less for quality traits. High genotypic and phenotypic variation was observed for pod yield (kg/plant), shelling per cent, rust and LLS at stage I it indicates the presence of considerable amount of genetic variability for these traits whereas in oil content and protein content there is low GCV and PCV. There was a highly significant and positive correlation between the protein and oil content in GPBD 4 x TG 49 population but negative relation in the TG 49 x GPBD 4 population. Highly significant positive correlation was observed in 100-seed weight and pod yield per plant in both the population indicating that breeding for high yield can be achieved without comprising the large seed size, which is a preferred trait for confectionery groundnut. Several RILs superior to best parent were identified for different traits which could be utilized in future breeding programmes.

scholarly journals Response of oil and protein content to seed size in cotton(Gossypium hirsutum L., cv. Sahel)

2009 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Pahlavani ◽  
A. Miri ◽  
G. Kazemi
Keyword(s):  
Gossypium Hirsutum ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Seed Size ◽  
Cotton Seed ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Genetic Improvement ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Heritable Variation ◽  
Gossypium Hirsutum L ◽  
Strong Linear Relationship

Response of oil and protein content to seed size in cotton(Gossypium hirsutum L., cv. Sahel) This study was designed to identify the response of oil and protein content to non-heritable variation of seed size in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). The experiment was conducted at Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences, Gorgan, Iran in 2005. The results showed that germination and emergence increased linearity with seed size and R2 of these relationships were 92 and 89%, respectively. This means that larger seed had higher potential of germination and emergence. Also, there was a strong linear relationship between seed weight and oil content. Seed weight provided a better indication of oil content (R2=0.78) than protein content (R2=0.43). There are no considerable relationship between seed size and protein content of seed. The results of this study also showed a positive and significant correlation between seed weight and oil content (r=0.88**), germination percent (r=0.95**), germination index (r=0.84*), emergence percent (r=0.94**), and emergence index (r=0.88**). This results suggest that oil content, germination and emergence of cotton seed was largely affected by size of seeds. The effects of seed size where studied here are pure effects of size and is not confounded by other effects such as genotypic factors. This finding helps cotton breeders for the genetic improvement of germination and emergence along with oil and protein content of seeds.

scholarly journals Correlation and path analysis of yield and yield components in winter rapeseed

Genetika ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 157-166
Author(s):  
Velimir Radic ◽  
Igor Balalic ◽  
Milos Krstic ◽  
Ana Marjanovic-Jeromela
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Path Analysis ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Seed Oil Content ◽  
Correlation And Path Analysis ◽  
Positive Direct

Five different rapeseed genotypes were tested. The following traits were considered: seed yield, seed germination, seed oil content, 1000 seed weight and seed protein content and they were used to determine whether there is significant or nonsignificant correlation. Highest average results were determined in genotype G-3 (yield 2.544 kg; germination 90%; 1000 seed weight 4,30 g; oil content 45,31% and protein content 19,83%) while G-5 (1.838 kg; 87%; 3,50 g; 44,77% and 17,28%) had the lowest average result of observed parameters. Highly significant positive correlations were found while comparing seed yield with 1000 seed weight (0.753**) and protein content (0.726**). High significant positive correlation were also determined comparing seed germination with 1000 seed weight (0.832**) and protein content (0.892**). Also high significant correlation was determined comparing 1000 seed weight and protein content (0.812**). Positive significant correlations were found by comparing seed yield and seed germination (0.644*). Path analysis indicated highest significant positive direct effect of 1000 seed weight (0.716**) and protein content (0.666**) on seed yield. High but negative significant value had seed germination (-0.645**). In the study of indirect effects on seed yield, none of significant effects were determined. The study of direct effects on oil content showed that the seed germination had high significant positive effect (-1.296**) on oil content. Significant but hot high effect has seed yield (0.556*). In other two traits it was determined negative high significant effects (1000 seed weight - 0.797** and protein content - 0.717**) on seed oil content. The existence of indirect significant effects on oil content in four cases was determined.

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