scholarly journals Extrinsic allergic alveolitis-causing actinomycetes in indoor and farm environments

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Candice Brinkmann ◽  
Ipek Kurtböke
Keyword(s):  
Work Environments ◽  
Allergic Alveolitis ◽  
Thermophilic Actinomycetes ◽  
Biological Origin ◽  
Military Equipment ◽  
Pathogenic Viruses ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi ◽  
Organic Dust Toxic Syndrome ◽  
Pathogenic Agents

Suspended airborne particles, of biological origin, can constitute bioaerosols1,2 and they can be of different origin ranging from farm environments dealing with hay, sugar cane, tobacco, mushroom and cotton to refuse disposal sites to military equipment test chambers. These bioaerosols might carry allergenic and pathogenic agents like viruses, spore forming bacteria and fungi, excreta of insects and mites, moss and fern spores, algal and plant cells; enzymes, antibiotics, endotoxins, mycotoxins and fungal glucans1. Although infections from pathogenic viruses, bacteria and fungi may occur in these work environments the commonly reported symptoms relate to allergic rhinitis and asthma, allergic alveolitis (granulomatons pneumonitis) or organic dust toxic syndrome (inhalation fever or toxic pneumonitis)1,2. This article will only provide an overview on the non-infectious lung diseases resulting from long-term exposure to the spores of thermoactinomycetes of the order Bacillales and thermophilic actinomycetes of the order Actinomycetales in indoor and farm environments.

Incidence of Organic Dust Toxic Syndrome and Allergic Alveolitis in Swedish Farmers

1988 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Per Malmberg ◽  
Anna Rask-Andersen ◽  
Sverker Höglund ◽  
Birgitta Kolmodin-Hedman ◽  
Judith Read Guernsey
Keyword(s):  
Organic Dust ◽  
Allergic Alveolitis ◽  
Organic Dust Toxic Syndrome

Poeticalization and Storying; www.mmm.com

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (7) ◽  
pp. 637-640 ◽  
Author(s):  
Merete Moe ◽  
Anne B. Reinertsen
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Early Childhood Education ◽  
Sick Leave ◽  
Working Life ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Work Environments ◽  
Childhood Education ◽  
Work World ◽  
Education And Care

A threshold situation is a kind of crisis of, for example, deteriorating health. Fall 2014, a project was conducted, focusing on writing for well-being with a former employee and leader at an Early Childhood Education and Care, now on long-term sick leave. Here is her story and poem; her writings/Sis. Our stories and theory/practice/data/interpretive poems; our writings/Merete and Anne: Our companionship, company, and compassion: Sis/Merete/Anne.Com . We aim at Deleuze and Guattarian safespace writing. In modern working life participation, empowerment, governance, and self-leadership is considered vital for creating good psychosociological work environments. Foucault’s concept governmentality aims to elucidate how we are created as subjects, looking at how we are governed by others and by ourselves according to norms and expectations in organizations, society, and from ourselves. We think with poetry to open up, explore, and fabulate. We call it poeticalization and storying and work and worlds and words or rather work/world/word/making/melding/mattering/Sis/Merete/Anne: www.mmm.com .

scholarly journals Cell Line Platforms Support Research into Arthropod Immunity

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 738
Author(s):  
Cynthia L. Goodman ◽  
David S. Kang ◽  
David Stanley
Keyword(s):  
Immune Responses ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Innate Immune Responses ◽  
Pathogenic Viruses ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi ◽  
Robust Systems

Innate immune responses are essential to maintaining insect and tick health and are the primary defense against pathogenic viruses, bacteria, and fungi. Cell line research is a powerful method for understanding how invertebrates mount defenses against pathogenic organisms and testing hypotheses on how these responses occur. In particular, immortal arthropod cell lines are valuable tools, providing a tractable, high-throughput, cost-effective, and consistent platform to investigate the mechanisms underpinning insect and tick immune responses. The research results inform the controls of medically and agriculturally important insects and ticks. This review presents several examples of how cell lines have facilitated research into multiple aspects of the invertebrate immune response to pathogens and other foreign agents, as well as comments on possible future research directions in these robust systems.

scholarly journals Looking For Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Metabolizing Microorganisms In The Oral Cavity of Smokers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Tao ◽  
M. Paul Chiarelli ◽  
Sylvia I. Pavlova ◽  
Joel L. Schwartz ◽  
James V. DeFrancesco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Soil Microbes ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
Pah Exposure ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
Oral Microbes ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi

Abstract Certain soil microbes resist and metabolize polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The same is true for certain skin microbes. Oral microbes have the potential to oxidize tobacco PAHs to increase their ability to cause cancer. We hypothesized that oral microbes that resist high levels of PAH in smokers exist and can be identified based on their resistance to PAHs. We isolated bacteria and fungi that survived long term in minimal media with PAHs as the sole carbon source from the oral cavity in 11 of 14 smokers and only 1 of 6 nonsmokers. Of bacteria genera that included species that survived harsh PAH exposure in vitro, all were found at trace levels on the oral mucosa, except for Staphylococcus and Actinomyces. Two PAH-resistant strains of Candida albicans (C. albicans) were isolated from smokers. C. albicans is found orally at high levels in tobacco users and some Candida species can metabolize PAHs. The two C. albicans strains were tested for metabolism of two model PAH substrates, pyrene and phenanthrene. The result showed that the PAH-resistant C. albicans strains did not metabolize the two PAHs. In conclusion, evidence for large scale oral microbial metabolism of tobacco PAHs by common oral microbes remains lacking.

Long-term changes in rumen fermentation in defaunated sheep

1991 ◽  
Vol 1991 ◽  
pp. 77-77
Author(s):  
P.P. Frumholtz ◽  
R.J. Wallace ◽  
C.J. Newbold ◽  
E.R. Ørskov
Keyword(s):  
Animal Species ◽  
Fish Meal ◽  
Jugular Vein ◽  
Rumen Fermentation ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Ciliate Protozoa

The removal of ciliate protozoa, or defaunation, results in the establishment of a new ecosystem in the rumen, consisting only of bacteria and fungi. Although extensive research has been done on ciliate-free ruminants, the role of protozoa in the rumen still provokes considerable debate. The diversity of experimental design, such as animal species, defaunation method, and diet could account for many of the differences observed between defaunation studies. Also it is important to examine the stability of the ciliate-free ecosystem. The aim of this study was to investigate changes in rumen fermentation of ciliate-free sheep over a period of one year.Eight male castrated sheep, weighing 60-70 kg, received twice daily 700 g of a diet of hay, barley, molasses, fish meal and vitamins/minerals (500, 299.5, 100, 91 and 9.5 g/kg DM respectively). Four sheep were defaunated by the rumen washing technique (Jouany and Senaud, 1979) and kept in isolated pens while the other four were left faunated with a mixed type A ciliate protozoa population. Rumen samples were withdrawn via the rumen cannula and blood samples were taken from the jugular vein -1, 0, 1, 2, 4 and 6 h after feeding. There were three sampling periods: one month, six months and one year after defaunation.

scholarly journals Microbiological Analysis of Surfaces of Leonardo Da Vinci’sAtlantic Codex: Biodeterioration Risk

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gianfranco Tarsitani ◽  
Catia Moroni ◽  
Francesca Cappitelli ◽  
Giovanna Pasquariello ◽  
Oriana Maggi
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Da Vinci ◽  
Leonardo Da Vinci ◽  
Microbiological Analysis ◽  
Noninvasive Method ◽  
Biological Origin ◽  
Microbiological Techniques ◽  
Microclimatic Conditions ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi ◽  
Microbial Agents

Following the discovery of discoloration on some pages of theAtlantic Codex (AC)of Leonardo da Vinci kept in the Biblioteca Ambrosiana in Milan, some investigations have been carried out to verify the presence of microorganisms, such as bacteria and fungi. To verify the presence of microorganisms a noninvasive method of sampling has been used that was efficient and allowed us to highlight the microbial facies of the material that was examined using conventional microbiological techniques. The microclimatic conditions in the storage room as well as the water content of the volume were also assessed. The combined observations allowed the conclusion that the discoloration of suspected biological origin on some pages ofACis not related to the presence or current attack of microbial agents.

scholarly journals PECULIARITIES OF FORENSIC ECONOMIC EXAMINATIONS ON THE ISSUES OF MILITARY EQUIPMENT ACCOUNTING

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Panchenko ◽  
I. Hordiyenko
Keyword(s):  
Military Equipment ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
Special Cases ◽  
Research Objects ◽  
Forensic Expert ◽  
Military Units ◽  
Accounting Procedure ◽  
Term Storage ◽  
Expert Practice

The list of military equipment needed for forensic experts work when solving the issues of munition accounting and preservation of legislative and regulatory acts which regulate accounting procedure, circulation and write-off of munition, is provided in the article. The list of military equipment which according to its characteristics belongs to military is specified. Ensuring safety of classified information has been highlighted in cases provided by legislation and separate accounting of survival kit military equipment which is intended for use while special cases and peace time in long-term storage in military units, from other military equipment. It is specified that military equipment accounting is conducted both in peacetime and while particular time at facilities of military (ship) administration, services of providing bodies of military management, services of military units and formations, in warehouses, bases, arsenals according to requirements of regulatory legal acts of the Ministry of Defence. Peculiarities of accounting inherent in this field are outlined. Results of the forensic expert practice from the Sumy branch of KhRIFE are outlined. Research objects are identified and a range of powers granted to forensic experts while conducting forensic economic examination related to resolving issues regarding documentary confirmation of the established facts of shortage, embezzlement, replacement, unjustified write-off and surplus of military equipment is defined.

scholarly journals Seasonal Changes of the Airborne Microbiome in a Large Urban Area

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrés Núñez ◽  
Diego A Moreno ◽  
Ana M García ◽  
Raul Guantes
Keyword(s):  
Disease Outbreaks ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Minor Role ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Surface Atmosphere ◽  
Ecological Importance ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi ◽  
A Minor

Abstract Background Compared to soil or aquatic ecosystems, the atmosphere is still an underexplored environment for microbial diversity. Besides its ecological importance, the spatial and temporal characterization of aerosolized microorganisms is relevant for understanding allergy and disease outbreaks, especially in highly populated cities. Results In this study, we surveyed the composition, variability and sources of microbes (bacteria and fungi) in the near surface atmosphere of a highly populated area, spanning ~ 4,000 Km 2 around the city center of Madrid (Spain), in different seasonal periods along two years. We found a core of abundant bacterial genera robust across space and time, most of soil origin, while fungi were more sensitive to environmental conditions. Microbial communities showed clear seasonal patterns driven by variability of environmental factors, mainly temperature and accumulated rain, while local sources played a minor role. We also identified taxa in both kingdoms characteristic of seasonal periods, but not of specific sampling sites or plant coverage. Conclusions The present study suggests that the near surface atmosphere of urban environments constitutes a stable ecosystem, with a relatively homogenous composition, modulated by climatic variations. As such, it contributes to our understanding of the long-term changes associated to the human exposome in the air of highly populated areas.

scholarly journals Epidemiology of interdigital infections of toe web spaces in Shanghai, China: Etiology, risk factors, and therapeutic approaches

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qian Yu ◽  
Wei Li ◽  
Siyue Kan ◽  
Xiaoping Liu ◽  
Hong Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Susceptibility ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Recurrence Rates ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
Medical Histories ◽  
Pathogenic Agents

Abstract Background Interdigital infections are frequently misdiagnosed as tinea pedis and remain intractable to treatments because of high recurrence rates and potential complications. We aimed to understand the epidemiology of interdigital infections in Shanghai, China. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study at Shanghai Dermatology Hospital from January 2019 to December 2019, enrolling 57 patients with acute interdigital inflammation. Patients received antibiotic therapy and underwent long-term follow-up. Clinical features and medical histories, including blood, bacterial, and mycologic examination results, cultures and drug susceptibility test results, and follow-up data were analyzed for pathogenic agents. Results We found Pseudomonas aeruginosa (40.35%), Staphylococcus aureus (36.84%), and other bacteria (22.8%). Compared to other bacteria, P. aeruginosa interdigital infection were more inclined to co-infect with fungal agents. Further, P. aeruginosa interdigital infections were frequently seen in the spring and autumn and in patients aged 60–69 years. However, interdigital infections caused by S. aureus occurred more frequently in the summer and in patients aged 31–40 years. We found that levofloxacin had excellent therapeutic effects. Conclusion Our findings may inform treatment and diagnostic guidelines and, subsequently, help reduce the rate of recurrence and improve patient outcomes following interdigital infections.

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