Growth and morphometry in abalone (Haliotis rubra Leach) from Victoria

1988 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 161 ◽  
Author(s):  
PE McShane ◽  
MG Smith ◽  
KHH Beinssen
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Shell Height ◽  
Somatic Tissue ◽  
Total Weight ◽  
Site Variation ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
Haliotis Rubra ◽  
Study Sites ◽  
Relationship Of

Several Victorian populations of the abalone Haliotis rubra were studied. A comparison was made of relationships of the dependent variables, shell width, shell height, foot weight and total weight with shell length of abalone collected from several sites at different seasons. Male and female H. rubra were morphometrically similar. In contrast, the morphometrics for abalone collected from the same site at different times were significantly different, as were the morphometrics of abalone collected from different sites at the same time. Weight yields (foot weight relative to total weight) from Portsea and Apollo Bay were highest in winter and lowest in summer. This correlated with the known reproductive cycle in H. rubra, suggesting a relationship of gonad fullness and somatic tissue weight. Morphometric heterogeneity was attributed to differences in growth rates between sites. Growth rates were estimated at three sites and significant between-site variation was shown. At Mallacoota, H. rubra tagged with a threaded wire tag yielded lower estimates of growth rate than those to which tags were affixed with glue. Differences in growth rate, exclusive of tagging method, were attributed to difference of exposure between the study sites.

The effect of growth rate on muscle distribution in sheep

1975 ◽  
Vol 85 (1) ◽  
pp. 189-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. M. Murray ◽  
Olga Slezacek
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
High Growth ◽  
Growth Path ◽  
Merino Sheep ◽  
Reported Data ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

There is little information available on the effect of growth rate on muscle distribution in sheep. Although Lohse, Moss & Butterfield (1971) and Lohse (1973) have reported data on muscle distribution of Merino sheep, the growth rates of animals in both these studies were neither controlled nor reported. In another experiment using Merino sheep, Lohse, Pryor & Butterfield (1973) studied the effect of a period of live-weight loss on the relationship of selected muscles to total side muscle during subsequent re-alimentation. They found that the interrupted growth path decreased the proportion of total side muscle formed by the weight of ten muscles which had previously been classified as muscles with a high growth impetus (Lohse, 1971). Data are presented herein for the muscle distribution of sheep grown along three growth paths.

Relationship of Processing Conditions to Growth Rate and Quality of Diamond Grown by Chemical Vapor Deposition

1995 ◽  
Vol 383 ◽  
Author(s):  
John C. Angus ◽  
William D. Cassidy ◽  
Long Wang ◽  
Yaxin Wang ◽  
Edward Evans ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Vapor Deposition ◽  
Chemical Vapor ◽  
Growth Surface ◽  
Processing Conditions ◽  
Strongly Coupled ◽  
Controllable Process ◽  
Relationship Of

ABSTRACTDiamond quality is strongly coupled to growth rate. Incorporation of nondiamond (sp2) carbon and morphological instabilities both increase with increasing growth rates. The intersection of twins with the growth surface produces re-entrant corners that enhance growth in the plane of the twin. Morphology and the development of texture both depend on substrate temperature and methane concentration and hence on growth rate. Experimental evidence and modeling results that relate growth rates and quality to controllable process parameters are reviewed.

scholarly journals Optimizing Harvest Time Through Absolute and Relative Growth of the Black Clam, Chionista fluctifraga, Cultivated in the Intertidal Along the Southeastern Coast of the Gulf of California

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrés Martín Góngora-Gómez ◽  
María José Acosta-Campos ◽  
María Fernanda Navarro-Chávez ◽  
Hervey Rodríguez-González ◽  
Lizeth Carolina Villanueva-Fonseca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Gulf Of California ◽  
Shell Height ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Relative Growth ◽  
Harvesting Time ◽  
Final Survival ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
First Time

The shell height-body weight relationship of the black clam Chionista fluctifraga cultivated in the intertidal of the southeastern Gulf of California, was evaluated for the first time, to improve the knowledge in determining its harvesting time. Clam seeds (n=900,000; 6.1±1.9 mm) were produced in the laboratory. The culture was divided into pre-fattening in racks on the bottom (2 months) and fattening directly in the bottom (16 months) from May 2018 to October 2019. Each month, 60 (n=1080) clams were randomly selected to stablish the morphometric relationship between shell height (SH) and body weight (BW). The growth rate (mm/d and g/d) was recorded. The SH-BW Interaction in both cultivation phases showed positive allometry. SH in prefattening and fattening registered a growth rate of 0.072 and 0.058 mm/d, respectively. In fattening, the interaction BW-SH displayed a high coefficient of determination (R2=0.99). A final survival rate of 90% was obtained. The results yielded the equations that describe the relative growth of C. fluctifraga for the fattening stage. A harvesting time after 10 months of fattening in the intertidal zone is stablished to reach the commercial size (35 mm, SH).

Relationship of the emergence of KRAS mutations and resistance to panitumumab in second-line treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC).

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e14592-e14592
Author(s):  
Krastan B. Blagoev ◽  
Mauricio Emmanuel Burotto Pichun ◽  
Julia Wilkerson ◽  
Montserrat Blanco-Codesido ◽  
Edward Espinal Dominguez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Rate Constants ◽  
Acquired Resistance ◽  
Second Line ◽  
Kras Mutations ◽  
Regression Rate ◽  
Added Benefit ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Doubling Times

e14592 Background: Multiple analyses have concluded anti-EGFR antibodies are detrimental to a majority of patients (pts) whose CRCs harbor mutant KRAS. While panitumumab may benefit some pts with tumors harboring WT KRAS, in the majority the added benefit is small and transient. Recent studies have claimed emergence of KRAS mutations mediates acquired resistance to EGFR inhibitors. Methods: We analyzed published and unpublished data to assess this possibility, calculating growth and regression rate constants and estimating doubling times of CRC. Results: Amongst 24 pts with CRC whose tumors were initially KRAS WT, circulating mutant KRAS transcripts were detected in 9 treated in second line with panitumumab plus chemotherapy [Diaz et al, Nature 2012]. The growth rate of tumor in the 9 pts with circulating MT KRAS was 0.0019 days-1. This value is statistically indistinguishable [p = .2439] from the growth rate of 0.0021 days-1 calculated for tumors in 15 pts with no detectable circulating MT KRAS transcripts. Both values were also statistically indistinguishable [p = .3055 for MT KRAS; p = .7688 for WT KRAS] from the growth rate [0.002 days-1] of tumors in a cohort treated in second line with the same chemotherapy without an EGFR inhibitor. Similar results were observed when growth rates were calculated using CEA values [WT, 0.00087 days-1; MT, 0.0024 days-1; p = .1265] and similar regression rate constants were also calculated [WT, 0.0114 days-1; MT, 0.0117 days-1; p = .858]. Furthermore, in pts with detectable serum MT KRAS transcripts the growth rate remained constant even as MT KRAS transcripts appeared to increase. The growth rates allowed us to estimate tumor doubling times of 110 to 124 days in these pts receiving second line therapies, consistent with clinical data for disease progression in second line; and similar to the estimated doubling time of 116 days in the cohort that did not receive panitumumab. Conclusions: Resistance to panitumumab in tumors harboring WT KRAS cannot be explained by overgrowth of cells with MT KRAS. Other mechanisms must be sought to explain the limited efficacy of panitumumab. The data suggest such mechanism(s) are inherent and likely present in the majority of cells.

The Importance of Comparative Growth Rates in Determining the Canopy Composition of Tasmanian Rainforest

1995 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 243 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Read
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
High Growth ◽  
Forest Stands ◽  
Lower Growth ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Pot Trials ◽  
Canopy Composition ◽  
Study Sites

Growth rates of the rainforest canopy species Atherosperma moschatum Labill., Eucryphia lucida (Labill.) Baill., Nothofagus cunninghamii (Hook.) Oerst., Athrotaxis selaginoides D.Don and Phyllocladus aspleniifolius (Labill.) Hook.f. were measured in naturally-occurring seedlings and in seedlings grown in glasshouse pot trials. The highest field growth rates were recorded in N. cunninghamii on lowland sites on fertile, well-drained soils. On poorer soils, growth rates of N. cunninghamii were lower and there was little difference in growth rates between species. On the most acidic and probably infertile soil, the growth rate of P. aspleniifolius was 1.4 times higher than that of N. cunninghamii, although not significantly different at the 95% level. Similar trends in growth rates were recorded in pot trials. High growth rates were recorded in N. cunninghamii and E. lucida on fertile, well-drained soils, with generally lower growth rates in A. moschatum, P. aspleniifolius and A. selaginoides. No significant difference in growth rate was recorded among N. cunninghamii, E. lucida, A. moschatum and P. aspleniifolius when grown in poor soils or in low nutrient treatments. The trends in comparative growth rates correlate with the measured canopy composition of the study sites. Nothofagus cunninghamii dominates forest stands on sites where it has a clearly superior growth rate compared with co-occurring light-demanding species. Mixed canopies occur on sites where there is little or no difference between species' growth rates. However, not all patterns of canopy dominance can be explained by comparative growth rates alone. For example, P. aspleniifolius commonly dominates forest stands at low to mid-altitude where growth rates of all species are very low, but without necessarily a higher growth rate in P. aspleniifolius than in co-occurring species. The results of the growth rate studies are integrated with some other aspects of the biology of these species in a discussion of the mechanisms determining canopy composition of Tasmanian rainforests.

Comparison of copper sulphate pentahydrate growth rates determined by different methods

1990 ◽  
Vol 55 (7) ◽  
pp. 1691-1707 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miloslav Karel ◽  
Jiří Hostomský ◽  
Jaroslav Nývlt ◽  
Axel König
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Crystal Growth ◽  
Fluidized Bed ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Copper Sulphate ◽  
Crystal Growth Rate ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Rotating Disc ◽  
Shape Factors ◽  
Data Treatment

Crystal growth rates of copper sulphate pentahydrate (CuSO4.5 H2O) determined by different authors and methods are compared. The methods included in this comparison are: (i) Measurement on a fixed crystal suspended in a streaming solution, (ii) measurement on a rotating disc, (iii) measurement in a fluidized bed, (iv) measurement in an agitated suspension. The comparison involves critical estimation of the supersaturation used in measurements, of shape factors used for data treatment and a correction for the effect of temperature. Conclusions are drawn for the choice of values to be specified when data of crystal growth rate measurements are published.

Measurement of growth rates for single crystals and pressed tablets of CuSO4.5 H2O on a rotating disc

1989 ◽  
Vol 54 (11) ◽  
pp. 2951-2961 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miloslav Karel ◽  
Jaroslav Nývlt
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Single Crystal ◽  
Single Crystals ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Diffusion Coefficients ◽  
Preferred Orientation ◽  
Rotating Disc ◽  
Dissolution Rates ◽  
Rates Of Growth ◽  
Good Agreement

Measured growth and dissolution rates of single crystals and tablets were used to calculate the overall linear rates of growth and dissolution of CuSO4.5 H2O crystals. The growth rate for the tablet is by 20% higher than that calculated for the single crystal. It has been concluded that this difference is due to a preferred orientation of crystal faces on the tablet surface. Calculated diffusion coefficients and thicknesses of the diffusion and hydrodynamic layers in the vicinity of the growing or dissolving crystal are in good agreement with published values.

scholarly journals Accuracy of State-Level Surveillance during Emerging Outbreaks of Respiratory Viruses: A Model-Based Assessment

2021 ◽  
pp. 0272989X2110222
Author(s):  
Yuwen Gu ◽  
Elise DeDoncker ◽  
Richard VanEnk ◽  
Rajib Paul ◽  
Susan Peters ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Disease Progression ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
State Level ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
State Surveillance ◽  
First Come First Serve

It is long perceived that the more data collection, the more knowledge emerges about the real disease progression. During emergencies like the H1N1 and the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 pandemics, public health surveillance requested increased testing to address the exacerbated demand. However, it is currently unknown how accurately surveillance portrays disease progression through incidence and confirmed case trends. State surveillance, unlike commercial testing, can process specimens based on the upcoming demand (e.g., with testing restrictions). Hence, proper assessment of accuracy may lead to improvements for a robust infrastructure. Using the H1N1 pandemic experience, we developed a simulation that models the true unobserved influenza incidence trend in the State of Michigan, as well as trends observed at different data collection points of the surveillance system. We calculated the growth rate, or speed at which each trend increases during the pandemic growth phase, and we performed statistical experiments to assess the biases (or differences) between growth rates of unobserved and observed trends. We highlight the following results: 1) emergency-driven high-risk perception increases reporting, which leads to reduction of biases in the growth rates; 2) the best predicted growth rates are those estimated from the trend of specimens submitted to the surveillance point that receives reports from a variety of health care providers; and 3) under several criteria to queue specimens for viral subtyping with limited capacity, the best-performing criterion was to queue first-come, first-serve restricted to specimens with higher hospitalization risk. Under this criterion, the lab released capacity to subtype specimens for each day in the trend, which reduced the growth rate bias the most compared to other queuing criteria. Future research should investigate additional restrictions to the queue.

scholarly journals Odour, dust and non-methane volatile organic-compound emissions from tunnel-ventilated layer-chicken sheds: a case study of two farms

2013 ◽  
Vol 53 (12) ◽  
pp. 1309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Dunlop ◽  
Zoran D. Ristovski ◽  
Erin Gallagher ◽  
Gavin Parcsi ◽  
Robin L. Modini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dust Emission ◽  
Ventilation Rate ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Emission Rates ◽  
Layer Chicken ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
Odour Emissions ◽  
Cleaning Cycle ◽  
Study Sites

An observational study was undertaken to measure odour and dust (PM10 and PM2.5) emission rates and identify non-methane volatile organic compounds (NMVOCs) and odorants in the exhaust air from two tunnel-ventilated layer-chicken sheds that were configured with multi-tiered cages and manure belts. The study sites were located in south-eastern Queensland and the West Gippsland region of Victoria, Australia. Samples were collected in summer and winter on sequential days across the manure-belt cleaning cycle. Odour emissions ranged from 58 to 512 ou/s per 1000 birds (0.03–0.27 ou/s.kg) and dust emission rates ranged 0.014–0.184 mg/s per 1000 birds for PM10 and 0.001–0.190 mg/s per 1000 birds for PM2.5. Twenty NMVOCs were identified, including three that were also identified as odorants using thermal desorption–gas chromatography–mass spectrometry/olfactometry analysis. Odour emission rates were observed to vary with the amount of manure accumulation on the manure belts, being lowest 2–4 days after removing manure. Odour emission rates were also observed to vary with diurnal and seasonal changes in ventilation rate. Dust emissions were observed to increase with ventilation rate but not with manure accumulation. Some NMVOCs were identified at both farms and in different seasons whereas others were observed only at one farm or in one season, indicating that odorant composition was influenced by farm-specific practices and season.

scholarly journals StalGrowth—A Program to Estimate Speleothem Growth Rates and Seasonal Growth Variations

Geosciences ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 187
Author(s):  
Rolf Vieten ◽  
Francisco Hernandez
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Radiometric Dating ◽  
Seasonal Growth ◽  
Climate Signal ◽  
Show Evidence ◽  
Cave Monitoring ◽  
Calcium Ion Concentration

Speleothems are one of the few archives which allow us to reconstruct the terrestrial paleoclimate and help us to understand the important climate dynamics in inhabited regions of our planet. Their time of growth can be precisely dated by radiometric techniques, but unfortunately seasonal radiometric dating resolution is so far not feasible. Numerous cave environmental monitoring studies show evidence for significant seasonal variations in parameters influencing carbonate deposition (calcium-ion concentration, cave air pCO2, drip rate and temperature). Variations in speleothem deposition rates need to be known in order to correctly decipher the climate signal stored in the speleothem archive. StalGrowth is the first software to quantify growth rates based on cave monitoring results, detect growth seasonality and estimate the seasonal growth bias. It quickly plots the predicted speleothem growth rate together with the influencing cave environmental parameters to identify which parameter(s) cause changes in speleothem growth rate, and it can also identify periods of no growth. This new program has been applied to multiannual cave monitoring studies in Austria, Gibraltar, Puerto Rico and Texas, and it has identified two cases of seasonal varying speleothem growth.

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