Reaction of zinc with soil affecting its availability to subterranean clover. 2. Effect of soil properties on the relative effectiveness of applied zinc

Soil Research ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 303 ◽  
Author(s):  
RF Brennan
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Relative Effectiveness ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Model ◽  
Subterranean Clover ◽  
Free Calcium ◽  
Alkaline Soils ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Zinc Application

The effect of moist incubation on the availability of applied zinc was examined on a range of Australian soils. Incubating soil with applied zinc decreased the uptake of zinc by subterranean clover and DTPA extractable zinc (ZnD) on all soils relative to freshly applied zinc. On soils where plant growth was increased by zinc application, prior incubation of the soil led to decreased plant growth responses to zinc. The relative effectiveness (RE) of zinc application for subterranean clover growth was measured by dry matter production, uptake of zinc by shoots and ZnD. Values obtained by all three methods of determining the RE were closely correlated. The extent of the decline in availability with incubation differed among soils being greater in alkaline soils, in soils with high clay contents, in soils with high levels of organic carbon , and in soils with free calcium carbonate. A multiple linear regression model was used to explain the relationship between the RE and the soil properties (r2 > 0.87).

Involvement of Phosphorus in Nitrogen Fixation by Subterranean Clover (Trifolium subterraneum L.)

1981 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 427 ◽  
Author(s):  
AD Robson ◽  
GW O'hara ◽  
LK Abbott
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Phosphorus Deficiency ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungus ◽  
Subterranean Clover ◽  
Maximum Growth ◽  
Nodule Formation ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Positive Interaction

Effects of phosphorus supply on nodulation and nitrogen fixation in subterranean clover paralleled those on growth and occurred only after, or at the same time as, growth responses. However, correcting phosphorus deficiency increased nitrogen concentrations in tops as well as weight of tops. Effects of vesicular-arbuscular (VA) mycorrhizas on growth, nodulation and nitrogen fixation operated through effects on phosphorus nutrition of the host. Inoculation with a VA mycorrhizal fungus only stimulated nodulation and nitrogen fixation when insufficient phosphorus was applied for maximum growth of the non-mycorrhizal plant. Phosphorus concentrations in nodules greatly exceeded those in either tops or roots in both mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal plants and with phosphorus levels ranging from severely deficient to luxury supply for plant growth. Nitrogen applied after nitrogen fixation had commenced increased fresh weight of tops to a greater extent where phosphorus was non-limiting to growth. This positive interaction between nitrogen and phosphorus on the growth of nodulated nitrogen-fixing subterranean clover suggests that phosphorus deficiency does not limit growth in legumes by decreasing nitrogen fixation. It is concluded that increasing phosphorus supply increases nitrogen fixation in subterranean clover by stimulating host plant growth rather than by effects on either rhizobial growth and survival or on nodule formation and function.

scholarly journals Impacts of Aerated Compost Tea on Containerized Acer saccharum and Quercus macrocarpa Saplings and Soil Properties in Sand, Uncompacted Loam, and Compacted Loam Soils

HortScience ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 625-632 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bryant C. Scharenbroch
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Acer Saccharum ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
Soil Types ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Microbial Biomass Nitrogen ◽  
Available N ◽  
Quercus Macrocarpa

Aerated compost teas (ACTs) are applied to soils with the intent of improving microbial properties and nutrient availability and stimulating plant growth. Anecdotal accounts of ACT for these purposes far outnumber controlled, replicated, and peer-viewed experiments that have examined the impacts of ACT on soil properties and plant growth responses. This research assessed the impacts of four rates of ACT compared with water on containerized Acer saccharum and Quercus macrocarpa saplings growing in loam, compacted loam, and sandy soils. No significant differences were found comparing water with ACT applied at rates of 2, 4, and 40 kL ACT/ha for any of the six tree responses and 21 soil responses. Microbial biomass nitrogen (N) and potassium (K) increased, and available N decreased, in soils treated with ACT at 400 kL·ha−1 compared with water. Shoot, root, total biomass, and the root/shoot ratio were significantly greater for Quercus macrocarpa trees growing in compact loam with the 400 kL ACT/ha treatment compared with water, but significant differences were not detected for this application rate compared with water in the other soil types and in no instances with Acer saccharum saplings. These results provide some support for claims of ACT being able to increase soil microbial biomass and K, but provide minimal support for ACT being able to increase tree growth across multiple species in a variety of soil types. An application rate of 400 kL ACT/ha may be attainable for trees in containers with limited soil volumes, but this application rate is likely cost-prohibitive, and not practical, in the landscape. At this application rate, ≈1000 L of ACT would be required to treat a typical, and relatively small, critical root zone of 25 m2.

Effect of soil properties on growth promotion of wheat by Penicillium radicum

Soil Research ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 42 (8) ◽  
pp. 897 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. A. Wakelin ◽  
R. A. Warren ◽  
M. H. Ryder
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Acidic Soil ◽  
Biological Factor ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Alkaline Soils ◽  
Biological Factors ◽  
Plant Weight

Penicillium radicum is a phosphate-solubilising fungus with plant growth promoting (PGP) activity. The widespread agronomic use of P. radicum as an inoculant is dependent on the accurate prediction of conditions where PGP response will occur. Therefore, the effect of soil physicochemical and biotic factors on PGP of wheat by P. radicum was investigated. In the first experiment, PGP was assayed in 10 soils with differing physicochemical properties. Each soil was tested with and without treatment with hydroxyapatite—an insoluble form of calcium phosphate used to increase the level of total inorganic P available for microbial solubilisation. Inoculation of wheat with P. radicum significantly (P < 0.05) increased plant growth in 4 of the 10 soils tested. The magnitude of the PGP response varied with soil type, and ranged from 8.5% (plant height, Avon soil) to 75% (plant weight, Mingenew soil). Most soil properties had little influence on PGP, with only low soil fertility (N and/or P) identified as a strong indicator of PGP by P. radicum. When detected, PGP was strongest in acidic soil conditions, although PGP was observed in neutral and alkaline soils. Virtually no interactions were detected between addition of hydroxyapatite to the soil and P. radicum inoculation. The second experiment tested PGP in 3 soils previously found to be non-responsive to inoculation, before and after sterilisation by γ-irradiation. Soil biological factors affected PGP by P. radicum in 2 of the 3 soils tested. In these soils, removal of biological factor(s) increased (P < 0.05 and P < 0.1) PGP by P. radicum. These experiments have shown that large and significant increases in plant growth promotion can be achieved through seed inoculation with P. radicum. However, both abiotic and biotic soil properties play a critical role in determining the success of inoculation. P. radicum-stimulated PGP occurred in infertile soils, with a stronger effect in acidic soil conditions. Furthermore, soil biological factors can have an important role in regulating PGP by P. radicum.

scholarly journals Sewage sludge application enhances soil properties and rice growth in a salt-affected mudflat soil

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuhua Shan ◽  
Min Lv ◽  
Wengang Zuo ◽  
Zehui Tang ◽  
Cheng Ding ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Root Growth ◽  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Soil Reclamation ◽  
Rice Growth ◽  
Promote Plant Growth

AbstractThe most important measures for salt-affected mudflat soil reclamation are to reduce salinity and to increase soil organic carbon (OC) content and thus soil fertility. Salinity reduction is often accomplished through costly freshwater irrigation by special engineering measures. Whether fertility enhancement only through one-off application of a great amount of OC can improve soil properties and promote plant growth in salt-affected mudflat soil remains unclear. Therefore, the objective of our indoor pot experiment was to study the effects of OC amendment at 0, 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5%, and 2.5%, calculated from carbon content, by one-off application of sewage sludge on soil properties, rice yield, and root growth in salt-affected mudflat soil under waterlogged conditions. The results showed that the application of sewage sludge promoted soil fertility by reducing soil pH and increasing content of OC, nitrogen and phosphorus in salt-affected mudflat soil, while soil electric conductivity (EC) increased with increasing sewage sludge (SS) application rates under waterlogged conditions. In this study, the rice growth was not inhibited by the highest EC of 4.43 dS m−1 even at high doses of SS application. The SS application increased yield of rice, promoted root growth, enhanced root activity and root flux activity, and increased the soluble sugar and amino acid content in the bleeding sap of rice plants at the tillering, jointing, and maturity stages. In conclusion, fertility enhancement through organic carbon amendment can “offset” the adverse effects of increased salinity and promote plant growth in salt-affected mudflat soil under waterlogged conditions.

scholarly journals A Meta-Analytical Approach on Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Inoculation Efficiency on Plant Growth and Nutrient Uptake

Agriculture ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 370
Author(s):  
Murugesan Chandrasekaran
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Mycorrhizal Plants

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are obligate symbionts of higher plants which increase the growth and nutrient uptake of host plants. The primary objective was initiated based on analyzing the enormity of optimal effects upon AMF inoculation in a comparative bias between mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal plants stipulated on plant biomass and nutrient uptake. Consequently, in accomplishing the above-mentioned objective a vast literature was collected, analyzed, and evaluated to establish a weighted meta-analysis irrespective of AMF species, plant species, family and functional group, and experimental conditions in the context of beneficial effects of AMF. I found a significant increase in the shoot, root, and total biomass by 36.3%, 28.5%, and, 29.7%, respectively. Moreover, mycorrhizal plants significantly increased phosphorus, nitrogen, and potassium uptake by 36.3%, 22.1%, and 18.5%, respectively. Affirmatively upon cross-verification studies, plant growth parameters intensification was accredited to AMF (Rhizophagus fasciculatus followed by Funniliforme mosseae), plants (Triticum aestivum followed by Solanum lycopersicum), and plant functional groups (dicot, herbs, and perennial) were the additional vital important significant predictor variables of plant growth responses. Therefore, the meta-analysis concluded that the emancipated prominent root characteristics, increased morphological traits that eventually help the host plants for efficient phosphorus uptake, thereby enhancing plant biomass. The present analysis can be rationalized for any plant stress and assessment of any microbial agent that contributes to plant growth promotion.

Growth responses of Leymus chinensis (Trin.) Tzvelev to sheep saliva after defoliation

2010 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xing Teng ◽  
Lei Ba ◽  
Deli Wang ◽  
Ling Wang ◽  
Jushan Liu
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Aboveground Biomass ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Perennial Grass ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Leymus Chinensis ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Time Duration ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Leaf Weight

Many studies indicated that saliva from herbivores might be involved in plant growth responses when plants have been grazed. However, there is currently no general agreement on whether saliva can affect plant growth. Our aims were to determine the growth response of plants to sheep saliva after defoliation under diverse environmental conditions (different sward structures), and whether the effect of saliva is influenced by time (duration) after its application. We conducted field experiments with clipping treatments and the application of sheep saliva to the damaged parts of tillers to simulate sheep grazing on the perennial grass Leymus chinensis (Trin.) Tzvelev during the early growing seasons. Results demonstrated that clipping with saliva application significantly increased tiller numbers 8 weeks after treatments in comparison with clipping alone. A key finding is that the effect of sheep saliva on plant growth was short-lived. Clipping with saliva application increased leaf weight in the second week, while clipping alone had no effect. Moreover, clipping with saliva application promoted the elongation of new leaves (not the old ones) in the first week whereas clipping alone was ineffective. Results also showed that there were no differences between clipping with saliva application and clipping alone for relative height growth rate and aboveground biomass. Therefore, we concluded that saliva application to clipping treatment would produce an additional effect compared to clipping alone for the plant and the positive effects are time dependent. The additional effects primarily embodied in the individual level of plant, such as the changes of leaf weight and leaf length. Beyond the level, the effects of saliva only produced many more tiller numbers rather than the accumulation of aboveground biomass.

Correlation of pH on Soil Physicochemical Properties using Linear Regression Model for Spectral Data Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 3492-3500
Author(s):  
Vipin Y. Borole ◽  
◽  
Sonali B. Kulkarni ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Spectral Data ◽  
Linear Regression Model ◽  
Soil Analysis ◽  
Soil Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Analytical Technique

Soil properties may be varied by spatially and temporally with different agricultural practices. An accurate and reliable soil properties assessment is challenging issue in soil analysis. The soil properties assessment is very important for understanding the soil properties, nutrient management, influence of fertilizers and relation between soil properties which are affecting the plant growth. Conventional laboratory methods used to analyses soil properties are generally impractical because they are time-consuming, expensive and sometimes imprecise. On other hand, Visible and infrared spectroscopy can effectively characterize soil. Spectroscopic measurements are rapid, precise and inexpensive. Soil spectroscopy has shown to be a fast, cost-effective, environmentally friendly, non-destructive, reproducible and repeatable analytical technique. In the present research, we use spectroscopy techniques for soil properties analysis. The spectra of agglomerated farming soils were acquired by the ASD Field spec 4 spectroradiometer. Different fertilizers treatment applied soil samples are collected in pre monsoon and post monsoon season for 2 year (4 season) for banana and cotton crops in the form of DS-I and DS-II respectively. The soil spectra of VNIR region were preprocessed to get pure spectra. Then process the acquired spectral data by statistical methods for quantitative analysis of soil properties. The detected soil properties were carbon, Nitrogen, soil organic matter, pH, phosphorus, potassium, moisture sand, silt and clay. Soil pH is most important chemical properties that describe the relative acidity or alkalinity of the soil. It directly effect on plant growth and other soil properties. The relationship between pH properties on soil physical and chemical parameters and their influence were analyses by using linear regression model and show the performance of regression model with R2 and RMSE. Keywords soil; physicochemical properties; spectroscopy; pH

Plant Growth Responses

1964 ◽  
pp. 183-195
Author(s):  
R. P. Mericle ◽  
L. W. Mericle ◽  
A. E. Smith ◽  
W. F. Campbell ◽  
D. J. Montgomery
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth Responses

EFFECTS OF LIME ON EXTRACTABLE ALUMINUM AND OTHER SOIL PROPERTIES AND ON BARLEY AND ALFALFA GROWN IN POT TESTS

1972 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 427-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. MacLEAN ◽  
R. L. HALSTEAD ◽  
B. J. FINN
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Acid Soil ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Neutral Salt ◽  
Incubation Experiment ◽  
Pot Experiments ◽  
P Content ◽  
Mn Content

Liming of six acid soil samples in an incubation experiment with rates to raise the soil pH to 6.0 or above eliminated Al soluble in 0.01 M CaCl2, reduced soluble Mn and Zn, increased NO3-N markedly, and at the highest pH increased the amounts of NaHCO3-soluble P in some of the soils. In corresponding pot experiments, liming increased the yield of alfalfa and in three of the soils the yield of barley also. Liming reduced the concentrations of the metals in the plants and at the highest pH tended to increase the P content of the plants. Liming to a pH of about 5.3 eliminated or greatly reduced soluble Al and the soils were base saturated as measured by the replacement of Al, Ca, and Mg by a neutral salt. There was some evidence that liming to reduce soluble Al and possibly Mn was beneficial for plant growth. Gypsum increased the concentrations of Al, Mn, and Zn in 0.01 M CaCl2 extracts of the soils whereas phosphate reduced them. The changes in the Mn content of the plants following these treatments were in agreement with the amounts of Mn in the CaCl2 extracts.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document