Poetic and visual metaphors in Hungarian folklore

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-140
Author(s):  
Veronika Szelid
Keyword(s):  
Visual Representations ◽  
Folk Art ◽  
Folk Songs ◽  
Conceptual Metaphor Theory ◽  
Visual Metaphors ◽  
Functional Value ◽  
Metaphor Theory ◽  
The World ◽  
Folk Poetry ◽  
Structure And Functions

Abstract In this paper I have a twofold aim: (1) to reveal the complexity of the concept of love in Hungarian folklore by analyzing a number of its linguistic (oral-verbal) and visual representations side by side; and (2) to decipher these two modes of expression in light of each other, with the help of Conceptual Metaphor Theory. The reason for doing so is that folkloric artefacts and folk poetry are two different self-expressional modes of a community; therefore, if their symbolism represents certain aspects of the same concept, it enables us to get a more complex view on the concept itself, as well as to explore and compare the different modes the messages are conveyed by. Texts of folk songs and the patterns, structure and functions of the hope chest, an artefact that played an essential role in a woman’s life in Hungarian folklore, are analyzed in line with each other. I propose that the model of love revealed by folk poetry and folk art is thoroughly intertwined with the concepts of morality, marriage and life, reflecting an optimistic view of the world that extends the bounderies of this earthly life. Furthermore, I argue that both the linguistic and visual representations under scrutiny are manifestations of a coordinating view of the world, which is present in the form of both coordinated source and coordinated target representations. The conceptual disparity between the two modes lies mainly in the static nature of folk art and the dynamicity of language, but the creativity of the studied community seems to surmount this issue by imparting ornaments with a functional value.

scholarly journals A Cognitive Linguistic Approach to Life Metaphor in Tetralogy Laskar Pelangi

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Merry Lapasau ◽  
Sulis Setiawati
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Metaphor ◽  
Living Organism ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Target Domain ◽  
Research Support ◽  
Conceptual Metaphor Theory ◽  
Rhetorical Devices ◽  
Metaphor Theory ◽  
The World ◽  
Linguistic Approach

This study aims at finding the use of life metaphors in tetralogy Laskar Pelangi (hereinafter TLP). Data were analyzed in the framework of the Conceptual Metaphor Theory (CMT) by using a descriptive qualitative approach. We found 21 life metaphors in TLP and the finding shows that the conceptual metaphor of life as a target domain is mapped into several diverse source domains, and they are: life is a fluid in a container, life is a journey, life is a living organism, life is a precious possession, life is dedication to others, life is a struggle,life is guidance, life is war, and life is hard work. It can be concluded that TLP is rich with the use of metaphors in describing the cultural events of the Malays in detail. The way how the Malay master the problems in their lives, how they see and understand the world, is made clear by their language, which is reflected in conceptual metaphors. The results of this research support the idea that metaphors are not just rhetorical devices to say something more stylistically but they are conceptual in nature and its existence can be different in each culture.

Visual metaphor in extended conceptual metaphor theory

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-30
Author(s):  
Zoltán Kövecses
Keyword(s):  
Visual Experience ◽  
Conceptual Metaphor ◽  
Natural Scenes ◽  
Visual Metaphor ◽  
Conceptual Metaphor Theory ◽  
Visual Metaphors ◽  
Metaphor Theory ◽  
New Challenges ◽  
Processing Mechanisms ◽  
The Way

Abstract My goal in the paper is to examine a variety of visual experiences that appear to evoke visual metaphors. This is a range of experience types that extends from “sign-like” visual experiences to “non-sign-like” visual experiences. I propose that visual metaphors are evoked by paintings through winner’s podiums all the way to cityscapes and scenes in nature. The latter two (non-sign-like) cases, cityscapes and natural scenes, are not commonly subjected to serious examination from a CMT perspective. However, they provide us with new challenges in the study of visual metaphors, since they greatly extend the range of visual experience that might give rise to visual metaphors. I suggest, further, that the comprehension or interpretation of all of these visual experiences, including sign-like and non-sign-like alike, makes use of the same metaphorical processing mechanisms. The visual metaphors that are evoked by visual experiences can be based either on correlations or resemblance.

An integrated study of visual metaphors in Chinese editorial cartoons

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 325-353
Author(s):  
Peipei Niu
Keyword(s):  
Critical Discourse Analysis ◽  
Conceptual Metaphor ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Critical Discourse ◽  
Conceptual Metaphor Theory ◽  
Multimodal Analysis ◽  
Visual Metaphors ◽  
Editorial Cartoons ◽  
Metaphor Theory ◽  
Integrated Study

Abstract Conceptual metaphor theory highlights that metaphor is a matter of thinking. This assumption indicates that metaphors exist not only in language, but also in other modes. This study examines uses of visual and visual-verbal metaphors in 50 Chinese editorial cartoons conceptualizing serious haze problem, with the intention of eliciting implicit meaning conveyed by visual signs alone or together with verbal texts. Both conceptual and critical discourse analysis of the metaphors are conducted. The study finds that the way a metaphor is realized visually and verbally in a cartoon determines the features mapped onto the topic, and further implicitly expresses a critical stance toward the topic under discussion. The metaphors in the cartoons evoke a general understanding of haze problem by activating the war scenario and familiar cultural or social context in viewers. It is found in this corpus that visual fusion and visual replacement are the most frequent kinds of visual metaphors. The study further affirms that visual metaphors are better in conveying rich and implicit conceptual and affective meaning, and can be direct manifestation of the conceptual metaphor without the mediation of language. In sum the study suggests the need for an integrated approach to visual metaphoric representation in multimodal analysis.

scholarly journals Appearances and dis/dys-appearances

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabeth El Refaie
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
Conscious Awareness ◽  
Lived Body ◽  
Main Argument ◽  
Cultural Meanings ◽  
Conceptual Metaphor Theory ◽  
Metaphor Theory ◽  
The World ◽  
Dynamic Perspective ◽  
Complex Fluid

This article draws on phenomenological and sociological notions of the ‘lived’ body in order to develop a dynamic perspective on embodiment in Conceptual Metaphor Theory. My main argument is that even our most basic sensorimotor experiences are more complex, fluid, and more deeply imbued with socio-cultural meanings than many metaphor scholars assume. While our conscious awareness is ordinarily directed towards the world, making our physical actions and perceptions appear to be natural and straightforward, at times of dysfunction, such as illness and disability, the body suddenly seizes our attention and is perceived as alien. In these moments bodily experience often becomes not just the source, but also the target of metaphorical mappings. I demonstrate the usefulness of the notion of dynamic embodiment by applying it to the example of verbal and visual cancer metaphors.

The ‘Open Door’: Metaphor and Promoting the Barnardo Brand

2016 ◽  
pp. 13-78
Author(s):  
Susan Ash
Keyword(s):  
Martin Heidegger ◽  
Public Perception ◽  
The State ◽  
Open Door ◽  
Conceptual Metaphor Theory ◽  
Institutional Processes ◽  
The Public ◽  
Metaphor Theory ◽  
The World ◽  
Christian Hospitality

This chapter introduces Barnardo’s use of metaphor, employing conceptual metaphor theory to explain how comparing an organization to an ‘open door’ inculcated the values of Christian hospitality in the public perception of Barnardo’s work: particularly inclusivity and unconditionality. It argues that the ‘open door’ metaphor worked to characterize Barnardo’s values and institutional processes in putative opposition to the state mechanisms dealing with destitute children, most notably the workhouse ‘solution’ that operated unproductively to demean children rather than train up new ‘citizens’. It draws on Derrida’s work on hospitality, as well as George Simmel and Martin Heidegger on liminality and dwelling. The chapter analyses a range of Barnardo’s recursive ‘hospitable’ practices, such as the annual teas and suppers for ‘waifs’ and ‘factory girls’. Such events doubled as charity mechanisms and promotional manoeuvres, since subsequent celebratory reports circulated in media around the world. It concludes by discussing how the ‘open door’ metaphor operates as a form of condensed narrative regarding Barnardo’s practice of child reform.

Understanding visual metaphor

2013 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 249-257
Author(s):  
Mohd. Nor Shahizan Ali ◽  
Mat Pauzi Abd. Rahman ◽  
Ali Salman ◽  
Mohd. Azul Mohammad Salleh ◽  
Hasrul Hashim
Keyword(s):  
Visual Representations ◽  
Visual Metaphor ◽  
Visual Metaphors ◽  
The World ◽  
Verbal Metaphor ◽  
Definition Of

Using a history documentary ‘The Kinta Story (1949)’, this article explores the ‘grammar’ of visual metaphor. Numerous images can be found in history documentary, while many more are being planned, which can be accessed by people all around the world. These images technically represent producers’ ideas. They construct connotation and meaning for audiences to read as what the readers want. The visuals are highly posed and set in descript locations to make them usable across the globe. They represent actual places or tragedies and they document witness, which symbolically represents moods such as ‘contentment’ and ‘freedom’. It is argued that visual metaphors cannot be described adequately in formal terms only. Rather, they must be considered as visual representations of metaphorical thoughts or concepts and the changing of time and mass. A cognitive definition of metaphor must not, however, distract from potential variations in meaning and impact which arise from the mode of communication through which metaphors are expressed. This study suggests that many of the dissimilarities between verbal metaphor and its visual counterpart are results from the differences regarding what the two modes are able to express easily and efficiently.

Conclusion

2019 ◽  
pp. 184-190
Author(s):  
Elisabeth El Refaie
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Illness Narratives ◽  
Illness Experience ◽  
Conceptual Metaphor Theory ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Visual Metaphors ◽  
Metaphor Theory ◽  
Spatial Composition ◽  
The Many ◽  
Illness Metaphors

The conclusion outlines how the notion of “dynamic embodiment” developed throughout the book may challenge traditional notions of embodiment in Conceptual Metaphor Theory, by revealing the complex, shifting nature of individuals’ experiences of their bodies. The new tripartite taxonomy for analyzing visual metaphors draws attention to the many different aspects of visual meanings that are capable of conveying metaphorical meaning, including spatial composition and the stylistic features of both drawings and written words. Another aim of the book has been to raise awareness of the many creative metaphors that tend to occur in graphic illness narratives, which makes this genre particularly well suited to the task of highlighting aspects of the illness experience that may otherwise go unnoticed. These findings have the potential to change the attitudes and practices of both patients and healthcare professionals, encouraging a more thoughtful and imaginative use of illness metaphors.

Dispositional Properties of Metaphor

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 175-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam K. Fetterman ◽  
Brian P. Meier ◽  
Michael D. Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Positive Affect ◽  
Food Preferences ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Taste Preferences ◽  
Conceptual Metaphor Theory ◽  
Prosocial Motivation ◽  
Sweet Food ◽  
Metaphor Theory ◽  
Sweet Foods ◽  
Dispositional Properties

Abstract. Metaphors often characterize prosocial actions and people as sweet. Three studies sought to explore whether conceptual metaphors of this type can provide insights into the prosocial trait of agreeableness and into daily life prosociality. Study 1 (n = 698) examined relationships between agreeableness and food taste preferences. Studies 2 (n = 66) and 3 (n = 132) utilized daily diary protocols. In Study 1, more agreeable people liked sweet foods to a greater extent. In Study 2, greater sweet food preferences predicted a stronger positive relationship between daily prosocial behaviors and positive affect, a pattern consistent with prosocial motivation. Finally, Study 3 found that daily prosocial feelings and behaviors varied positively with sweet food consumption in a manner that could not be ascribed to positive affect or self-control. Altogether, the findings encourage further efforts to extend conceptual metaphor theory to the domain of personality processes, in part by building on balance-related ideas.

Metaphor of BPJS Kesehatan as a Sick Patient in Indonesian Media Headlines

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-21
Author(s):  
Muhammad Adam
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Conceptual Metaphor Theory ◽  
Financial Condition ◽  
Medical Supplies ◽  
Medical Terms ◽  
Sick Patient ◽  
Metaphor Theory ◽  
Media Outlet ◽  
The Government ◽  
Financial Subsidy

Indonesian health insurance (BPJS Kesehatan) has been facing financial deficit and during the coverage of its deficit, media frequently use many medical terms metaphor to describe the financial condition of BPJS Kesehatan. This study aims to examine the medical terms metaphor used to describe the financial deficit of BPJS Kesehatan to further identify the entailments and to pin point what is the cause of sickness and what could cure the sickness. Qualitative method is used in this study with conceptual metaphor theory (Lakoff and Johnson, 1980) as the conceptual framework. There 10 headlines from various online media outlet that are collected as the source of the data. The study examines the particular terms which described BPJS Kesehatan as a sick patient and further analysis is conducted to identify the closest entailments of metaphor, which are to identify who will be the doctor and what cause its sickness. The results shows that the particular conditions  as  metaphor used to describe the financial condition of BPJS Kesehatan is dying (sekarat), critical (kritis), swell (bengkak), and wound (luka).  From the analysis of entailments, the doctor is the government equipped with medical supplies and procedures to cure the patient which is the financial subsidy and the second entailment is the cause of the sickness which is the lack of awareness from the member to pay the premium regularly on time.

Is International Law International?

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthea Roberts ◽  
Martti Koskenniemi
Keyword(s):  
South China Sea ◽  
International Law ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
South China ◽  
Visual Representations ◽  
International Lawyer ◽  
Spheres Of Influence ◽  
Diverse Backgrounds ◽  
The World ◽  
Anglo American

Is International Law International? takes the reader on a sweeping tour of the international legal academy to reveal some of the patterns of difference, dominance, and disruption that belie international law’s claim to universality. Both revealing and challenging, confronting and engaging, this book is a must-read for any international lawyer, particularly in a world of shifting geopolitical power. Pulling back the curtain on the “divisible college of international lawyers,” the author shows how international lawyers in different states, regions, and geopolitical groupings are often subject to differences in their incoming influences and outgoing spheres of influence in ways that affect how they understand and approach international law, including with respect to contemporary controversies like Crimea and the South China Sea. Using case studies and visual representations, the author demonstrates how actors and materials from some states and groups have come to dominate certain transnational flows and forums in ways that make them disproportionately influential in constructing the “international”—a point which holds true for Western actors, materials, and approaches in general, and Anglo-American ones in particular. But these patterns are set for disruption. As the world moves past an era of Western dominance and toward greater multipolarity, it is imperative for international lawyers to understand the perspectives of those coming from diverse backgrounds. By taking readers on a comparative tour of different international law academies and textbooks, the author encourages international lawyers to see the world through others’ eyes—an approach that is pressing in a world of rising nationalism.

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