Rottboellia cochinchinensis (itch grass).

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julissa Rojas-Sandoval ◽  
Pedro Acevedo-Rodríguez ◽  
Charlie Riches
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Plant ◽  
Gulf Coast ◽  
Leaf Sheath ◽  
Rice Seed ◽  
Pasture Grass ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Tropical America ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Noxious Weed ◽  
The 1960S

Abstract The erect, profusely tillering annual grass R. cochinchinensis grows up to a height of 4 m or more and is extremely competitive with annual crops, readily invading disturbed sites along roads and railways. Commonly known as itchgrass, it has brace roots near the base of the plant, a cylindrical spikelet seedhead and siliceous hairs on the leaf sheath that can penetrate and irritate the skin. Individual plants produce 2000 to 16,000 seeds that are shed as soon as they mature. A native of Indo-China, it is naturalised throughout the tropics of Asia, and is found in north-eastern Australia and savannah zones of Africa. It has been introduced into tropical America, as a potential pasture grass in the USA in the early 1900s and since the 1960s has been spread widely by contaminated rice seed, agricultural equipment and along transport routes in Central and South America, the Caribbean, and in the Gulf Coast region of the USA. An aggressive, significant weed in more than 40 countries, R. cochinchinensis is listed as a Federal Noxious Weed in the USA, and is suggested by Vibrans (2009) to be possibly the most harmful invasive plant in Mexico.

scholarly journals Pteris multifida (spider brake).

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeanine Velez-Gavilán
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Invasive Plant ◽  
Alien Invasive Species ◽  
Natural Habitats ◽  
High Dispersal ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Pteris Multifida ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Noxious Weed

Abstract Pteris multifida is a herbaceous fern native to temperate and tropical eastern Asia and naturalized on many continents as a result of being widely cultivated. Although it is an urban weed, it is not considered by most countries as an invasive or noxious weed. There is no information available on the species affecting native species or natural habitats. Although one source lists P. multifida as an invasive species in many countries outside of Africa due to it being easily dispersed by spores, there are no references or further information to support this statement. It is reported as an alien invasive species in Germany, but only as occurring in sheltered sites, growing on light-vents in cellars and walls. A species assessment for Florida, USA indicates, P. multifida is neither a weed of natural habitats nor of agriculture. The species has not been listed as an invasive plant in any state or natural areas of the USA. However, P. multifida has been assigned a Tier II Invasive Species status (defined as having moderate negative impacts on wildlife or natural communities in Louisiana), but of limited concern and/or extent in Louisiana. Pteris multifida is recorded in Cuba as potentially invasive being categorized as a species with a tendency to proliferate in some areas and capable of producing vast amounts of diaspores with high dispersal potential. No further details are given about potential invasiveness.

scholarly journals Ficus carica (common fig).

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marianne Jennifer Datiles
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Plant ◽  
Riparian Forests ◽  
Ficus Carica ◽  
Western United States ◽  
Common Fig ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Common ◽  
Noxious Weed ◽  
Environmental Weed ◽  
Trees And Shrubs

Abstract Ficus carica, the common fig, is a rapidly growing tree that can spread by both seeds and cuttings, and if left unattended will form dense thickets that displace native trees and shrubs (Weber, 2003). It is known to be invasive to Australia and the western United States (Weber, 2003) since the introduction of its pollinator wasp to the USA in 1900 (Hanelt et al., 2001); in California's wildland, it is reportedly threatening the state's increasingly rare riparian forests (California Invasive Plant Council, 2014). The species is listed as "casual alien, cultivation escape, environmental weed, garden thug, naturalised, noxious weed, weed" in the Global Compendium of Weeds (Randall, 2012), but is not listed in the Geographical Atlas of World Weeds (Holm, 1979) and is currently considered a low-risk species according to a risk assessment of the species prepared for Hawaii (PIER, 2014). Re-evaluation is recommended in the future.

Ciguapas in New York: Transcultural Ethnicity and Transracialization in Dominican American Performance

2012 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 139-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
EMILIA MARÍA DURÁN-ALMARZA
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Dominican Republic ◽  
Identity Formation ◽  
The Usa ◽  
And Migration ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Dominican Women ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Dominican American

The Dominican American community in New York is perhaps one of the best examples of how processes of transculturation are affecting traditional definitions of ethnic identification. Given the intense economic, social and cultural transnational exchanges between the island and the USA from the 1960s, Dominicanyorks have been challenging the illusion of homogeneity in the definition of Americanness for decades, creating transnational social networks that transcend traditional national and ethnographic boundaries. The theatrical works of Josefina Báez, a Dominican American performer living in New York, and Sherezada (Chiqui) Vicioso, a Dominican poet and playwright who lived and worked in the US metropolis for decades before moving back to the Dominican Republic, lyrically explore issues of diaspora, identity and migration and the impact these phenomena might have in the lives of migrant Dominican women. Presenting diasporic experiences from two differing but interconnected locales – New York and the Dominican Republic – these plays offer two complementary views on the ways in which ethnicity, race, social class, age and geopolitical location interact in the formation of transcultural identities, thus contributing to develop a hemispheric approach to the study of identity formation in the Americas.

scholarly journals Board Diversity: More Than a Gender Issue?

2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Adams
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Gender Diversity ◽  
Governance Structure ◽  
Share Price ◽  
Corporate Boards ◽  
Board Diversity ◽  
The World ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The Right

There has been extensive research conducted on the importance of corporate governance around the world. The research seems to demonstrate that, regardless of whether corporations are based in common law or civil code systems, their longevity and sustainability arise from good corporate governance. However, the evidence does not clearly demonstrate a correlation between a particular organisation’s governance structure and practices and its share price. Around the world the question of board diversity is gaining in importance. The beginning of the debate in the 1960s centred on gender. While it is essential to conduct a debate on gender diversity, other aspects of diversity should also be considered. Race, culture and even age may have a direct impact on the performance of a board. Australian companies, particularly those listed on the ASX, have a poor record of instituting any type of diversity. The USA and European Union have a much wider range of policies to promote diversity on corporate boards. The key question is how best to regulate to promote diversity across gender, race, culture and age. The historical approach of regulating diversity by setting targets and requiring disclosure does not seem to have delivered substantial change. Is it the right time to impose mandatory requirements, or are there other alternative strategies? Without doubt change is required, but there will be opposition.

scholarly journals CORPO E AUTOEXPERIMENTAÇÃO: UMA LEITURA DA ARTCHARNELDE ORLAN A PARTIR DO PENSAMENTO PÓS-FEMINISTA DE PAUL B. PRECIADO / Body and self-experimentation: a reading of ORLAN's artcharnel from Paul B. Preciado's post-feminist thinking

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (39) ◽  
pp. 93-105
Author(s):  
Rejane Lopes Rodrigues
Keyword(s):  
Female Body ◽  
Western Society ◽  
Surgical Interventions ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Theoretical Considerations ◽  
Contemporary Western Society

A partir da década de 1960 teve início na Europa e nos EUA um novo movimento artístico conhecido como arte performativa. ORLAN, artista plástica francesa, insere-se neste movimento através de obras que incluem intervenções cirúrgicas em seu próprio corpo com o objetivo de questionar o status do corpo feminino na sociedade ocidental contemporânea. Diante disso, propomos no presente artigo, uma análise do seu trabalho a partir das considerações teóricas do filósofo e escritor transgênero Paul B. Preciado.Palavras-chave: Arte performativa; ORLAN; Gênero; Feminismo; Paul. B. Preciado.AbstractFrom the 1960s, a new artistic movement known as performative art began in Europe and the USA. ORLAN, a French artist, is part of this movement through works that include surgical interventions on her own body in order to question the status of the female body in contemporary Western society. Therefore, in this article, we propose an analysis of his work based on the theoretical considerations of the transgender philosopher and writer Paul B. Preciado.Keywords: Performative art; ORLAN; Genre; Feminism; Paul B. Preciado.

scholarly journals Regime transitions of Australian climate and climate extremes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorgen Segerlund Frederiksen ◽  
Stacey Lee Osbrough
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Climate Extremes ◽  
Early 21St Century ◽  
Australian Climate ◽  
Average Maximum ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Maximum Temperatures ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Regime Transitions

Abstract. Systematic changes, since the beginning of the 20th century, in average and extreme Australian rainfall and temperatures indicate that Southern Australian climate has undergone regime transitions into a drier and warmer state. South-west Western Australia (SWWA) experienced the most dramatic drying trend with average streamflow into Perth dams, in the last decade, just 20 % of that before the 1960s and extreme, decile 10, rainfall reduced to near zero. In south-eastern Australia (SEA) systematic decreases in average and extreme cool season rainfall became evident in the late 1990s with a halving of the area experiencing average decile 10 rainfall in the early 21st century compared with that for the 20th century. The shift in annual surface temperatures over SWWA and SEA, and indeed for Australia as a whole, has occurred primarily over the last 20 years with the percentage area experiencing extreme maximum temperatures in decile 10 increasing to an average of more than 45 % since the start of the 21st century compared with less than 3 % for the 20th century mean. Average maximum temperatures have also increased by circa 1 °C for SWWA and SEA over the last 20 years. The climate changes are associated with atmospheric circulation shifts and are indicative of second order regime transitions, apart from extreme temperatures for which the dramatic increases are suggestive of first order transitions.

scholarly journals Emigration of Jews from the Soviet Union in the 1960-1970s through the eyes of the American press

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 136-160
Author(s):  
Alexey V. Antoshin ◽  
Dmitry L. Strovsky
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cultural Development ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
American Press ◽  
The Usa ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Media ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
First Time

The article analyzes the features of Soviet emigration and repatriation in the second half of the 1960s through the early 1970s, when for the first time after a long period of time, and as a result of political agreements between the USSR and the USA, hundreds of thousands of Soviet Jews were able to leave the Soviet Union for good and settle in the United States and Israel. Our attention is focused not only on the history of this issue and the overall political situation of that time, but mainly on the peculiarities of this issue coverage by the leading American printed media. The reference to the media as the main empirical source of this study allows not only perceiving the topic of emigration and repatriation in more detail, but also seeing the regularities of the political ‘face’ of the American press of that time. This study enables us to expand the usual framework of knowledge of emigration against the background of its historical and cultural development in the 20th century.

Coptotermes formosanus (Formosan subterranean termite).

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregg Henderson
Keyword(s):  
Native Species ◽  
Coptotermes Formosanus ◽  
Subterranean Termite ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Port Cities ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Termite Control ◽  
Exotic Pests ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The 1960S

Abstract C. formosanus is often transported by boats and shipping containers to port cities before being carried further inland via landscape materials such as railroad ties (railway sleepers). This may explain the current C. formosanus distribution in the USA with coastal areas more densely infested than inland areas (Hochmair and Scheffrahn, 2010). Temperature and humidity are primary factors affecting the establishment of C. formosanus, and it is potentially invasive to areas of high humidity approximately 35° north and south of the equator (Su and Tamashiro, 1987). Competition from native species is another limiting factor for many exotic pests, but C. formosanus is more aggressive and is known to out-compete the endemic termites such as Reticulitermes species. Another factor that has allowed the successful establishment and spread of C. formosanus in exotic areas has been the pest control industry's heavy reliance on soil termiticide barriers for subterranean termite control since the 1950s. Numerous studies, using mark-recapture methods, have revealed that a single colony of C. formosanus might contain several million termites that forage up to 100 m in the soil (Lai, 1977; Su and Scheffrahn, 1988). These agree with the results of excavation studies for C. formosanus colonies (Ehrhorn, 1934; King and Spink, 1969). Because of the large colony size, the application of soil termiticides beneath a structure does not usually have a major impact on the overall population, and the surviving colony continues to produce alates that can further infest nearby areas. Once established, C. formosanus has never been completely eradicated from an area. The dependency of soil termiticide barriers as the primary tool for subterranean termite control is probably the main reason for the establishment and spread of C. formosanus from four isolated port cities in the 1960s in the USA to all south-eastern states by 2001.

Reliability Data Collection for Ship Machinery

1998 ◽  
Vol 35 (02) ◽  
pp. 119-125
Author(s):  
Bahadir lnozu ◽  
Peter G. Schaedel ◽  
Veronique Molinari ◽  
Philippe Roy ◽  
Robert Johns
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Gulf Coast ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Cooperative Program ◽  
Seed Funding ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The University ◽  
Life Cycle Development ◽  
Gulf Coast Region

An industry-wide international network is needed to collect Reliability, Availability and Maintainability (RAM) data on shipboard machinery and share this data at different levels by linking vessel chief engineers, ship operators-managers, regulatory agencies, equipment manufacturers, and shipyards/designers. This network should facilitate the efficient collection and flow of RAM information between these entities with industry-wide continuous improvement in safety and cost-effectiveness. This paper describes the implementation of a worldwide information network, called RAM/SHIPNET to support the optimization of safety, reliability and cost effectiveness throughout all stages of a vessel's life cycle. Development of this network was started with seed funding from SNAME and continued under the umbrella of the Ship Operations Cooperative Program with primary funding from the Gulf Coast Region Maritime Technology Center at the University of New Orleans. First generation data collection and processing tools have been completed and, pilot validation and testing has been performed in the USA. The project is now moving into the second implementation stage enabling full scale testing, validation and roll-out on a global scale. A call is made to the industry for suggestions on improvement to meet emerging needs.

Literature, philosophy in Latin American

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose Luis Gomez-Martinez
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Philosophical Discourse ◽  
Intellectual Community ◽  
Philosophy And Literature ◽  
Literary Expression ◽  
European Culture ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Liberation Philosophy ◽  
The University

Within the Latin American intellectual community, the relationship between philosophy and literature constitutes one of the most interesting chapters in its development. Much Latin American literature is characterized by profound philosophical concerns, focusing on the question of identity. From the time of the conquest and colonization of the American continent in the 1500s, a debate regarding the humanity of the recently discovered inhabitants began in Spain. This debate would prove to be one of the most revealing controversies of sixteenth-century Europe. At the point of colonial expansion, Europe projected a logocentric vision which would incite a unique Latin Americanist philosophical discourse relating to the question of identity. During the nineteenth century, philosophical discourse was formulated principally through literary expression. At first the quest for a cultural identity was the philosophical focus, although two conflicting positions were evident: the desire to achieve cultural independence from Europe and a yearning for Latin America to become European. This latter position inspired the urge to identify with European culture and from the mid-1900s, with the political and economic success of the USA. In the twentieth century, from the time of the University Reform of 1918, an academic philosophy emerged close to that of Europe and began to diversify the Latin American philosophical panorama. From the various philosophical stances which arose at that time, one that dominated the cultural arena, despite its occasional relegation to a secondary position in academia, was the urge to articulate a Latin Americanist philosophical discourse which would succeed in transcending its own frontiers through liberation philosophy, beginning in the 1960s.

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