scholarly journals Dietary sugars and micronutrient dilution in normal adults aged 65 years and over

2001 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 1235-1244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sigrid Gibson
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Nutrition Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Private Households ◽  
Calcium Iron

AbstractObjective:To examine the relationship between non-milk extrinsic sugars (NMES) concentration and micronutrient intakes and status in free-living older people.Design:The National Diet and Nutrition Survey of people aged 65 years and over; a cross-sectional study in Britain in 1994/5.Subjects and methods:Eight hundred and six men and women living in private households who were not on medication for nutritional disorders. Subjects were classified into four groups (Q1 to Q4), using cut-off points corresponding to quartiles of energy from NMES. Relationships were examined between dietary NMES concentration and intakes of calcium, iron, riboflavin, folate, vitamin C and vitamin D. Status indices were also assessed in each group.Results:Overall, a small proportion of men and women had intakes below the Lower Reference Nutrient Intake (LRNI) for calcium, iron, folate, riboflavin or vitamin C, while vitamin D intakes were universally low. Intakes of micronutrients tended to be highest at moderate levels of NMES in the diet (Q2 and Q3, equivalent to 8–15% of energy from NMES). Micronutrient status was low for riboflavin in 38% of the sample, while 15% had low vitamin C status and more than 10% were anaemic. There was little evidence that poorer nutrient status was associated with higher levels of dietary NMES. Although some indices of folate status were lower in Q4, this is most likely to reflect confounding by smoking. Energy intake accounted for 20–40% of the variance in micronutrient intakes, compared with less than 5% for NMES concentration.Conclusions:A diet moderately high in NMES (up to around 15% of energy) is unlikely to have a detrimental impact on micronutrient intake or status in this age group. Energy intake is the major determinant of micronutrient adequacy.

scholarly journals Serum leptin concentrations in relation to dietary patterns in Chinese men and women

2013 ◽  
Vol 17 (7) ◽  
pp. 1524-1530 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Zuo ◽  
Zumin Shi ◽  
Yue Dai ◽  
Baojun Yuan ◽  
Gaolin Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Intake ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Chinese Population ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Nutrition Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Serum Leptin ◽  
Health And Nutrition

AbstractObjectiveThe present study aimed to evaluate the independent associations between serum leptin concentration and dietary patterns in a Chinese population.DesignA cross-sectional study.SettingData obtained from the 2006 wave of the China Health and Nutrition Survey in Jiangsu Province, China.SubjectsThe sample contained 1061 Chinese adults (488 men and 573 women). BMI was calculated as a parameter of obesity. Factor analysis was used to derive dietary patterns. ANCOVA was performed to assess the associations between serum leptin concentration and the dietary patterns.ResultsFour dietary patterns were derived: Western, High-wheat, Traditional and Hedonic. The Western pattern (rich in meat, milk and cake) was significantly associated with a higher level of serum leptin in men and women, both in an unadjusted model (both P for trend < 0·001) and after adjusting for sex, age, income, total energy intake, physical activity, smoking status and BMI (P for trend = 0·007 for men and P for trend < 0·001 for women). The other three dietary patterns were not significantly associated with serum leptin after adjustment. Sensitivity analysis showed there was an interaction between age and the Western pattern in relation to leptin level. An interaction also existed between current smoking status and the Western pattern.ConclusionsSerum leptin concentration was positively associated with the Western dietary pattern in a Chinese population independent of BMI, energy intake and other factors.

scholarly journals Association between Total Sugar Intake and Metabolic Syndrome in Middle-Aged Korean Men and Women

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 2042 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eun Ha Seo ◽  
Hyesook Kim ◽  
Oran Kwon
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Total Sugar ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Sugar Intake ◽  
Increased Risk

There is increasing evidence emerging that suggests high sugar intake may adversely increase the incidence of chronic diseases. However, there are only a few related studies in Korea. Based on the current Dietary Reference Intakes for Koreans, this study examined whether total sugar intake above 20% of the total energy was a risk factor for metabolic syndrome in middle-aged Korean adults. This cross-sectional study involved 7005 adults (3751 men and 3254 women) aged 40–69 years, who participated in the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study (KoGES), a large community-based cohort study. Daily total sugar intake was estimated using a validated food frequency questionnaire. About 9% and 16% of the men and women, respectively, derived >20% of energy intake from total sugar. The males in this category had a significantly higher odds of obesity defined as having a BMI ≥ 25 (OR = 1.491, 95% CI = 1.162–1.914), low HDL-cholesterol (OR = 1.313, 95% CI = 1.038–1.660), and metabolic syndrome (OR = 1.332, 95% CI = 1.038–1.709) than those who received a lower proportion of energy intake from total sugar. These results suggest that high (>20%) energy intake from total sugar may be associated with an increased risk of metabolic syndrome in middle-aged Korean men.

Vitamin D status in healthy Moroccan men and women aged 50 years and older: a cross-sectional study

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aissam El Maataoui ◽  
Asmae Biaz ◽  
Samira El Machtani ◽  
Sanae Bouhsain ◽  
Abdellah Dami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Vitamin D Status ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Men And Women

Vitamin D Status in Jiroft City Population, South of Iran, 2015-2019

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohadeseh Kamali ◽  
Mohammad Shariati ◽  
Mehdi Taheri Sarvtin
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Vitamin D Status ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
The People ◽  
The Status ◽  
25 Oh Vitamin D

Background and Aims: Vitamin D plays an important role in bone health, cardiovascular health, brain development, immune system regulation, mood regulation, and cancer prevention. This study aimed to evaluate the vitamin D status and the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in Jiroft city, Kerman Province, south of Iran. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 5243 people were selected by random sampling during 2015-2019.  Serum 25 (OH) D level was measured by VIDAS 25-OH vitamin D total testing kits. Levels used for definitions were deficient, D3 < 20 ng/ml; insufficient, D3 20-30 ng/ml; adequate, D3 30-100 ng/ml, and potential toxicity, >100 ng/ml.   Results: The mean of vitamin D was 26.03 ng/ml and 24.19 ng/ml in men and women, respectively (p=0.003). The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency was 41.55% and 51.7% in men and women, respectively. A significant relationship was seen between age and level of vitamin D (p=0.001). Conclusions: The results of our study showed that vitamin D deficiency is common among the general population, especially in women in Jiroft city, Kerman Province, south of Iran. Serious plans are needed to improve the status of vitamin D in the people living in this region.

scholarly journals Diet and nutrient status of legume consumers in Sweden: a descriptive cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Céline A. Steib ◽  
Ingegerd Johansson ◽  
Mohammed E. Hefni ◽  
Cornelia M. Witthöft
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Dietary Recommendations ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Background Legumes are nutrient-dense foods and can be an environmentally sustainable alternative to meat consumption. Data on legume intake are scarce and data on legume consumption in Sweden are lacking. This study investigated dietary intake and dietary patterns, together with iron, vitamin D, and folate status, in relation to legume consumption in Sweden. Methods Cross-sectional dietary and biomarker data (n 1760) from the 2011 Riksmaten national survey were analyzed. All legume foods (including soy) were identified from 4-day dietary records and ferritin, folate, and vitamin D status in a subgroup (n 280). Participants were classified into non-consumers and quartiles of legume intake. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was performed to uncover dietary patterns associated with legume intake. Partial Least Square (PLS) regression was used to identify variables associated with variations in legume consumption. Results Legumes were consumed by 44% of the population, with mean (SD) intake of 138 (84) g/d in the highest and 11 (5) g/d in the lowest quartiles. Among consumers, 6% reported being vegetarian, compared with 0.9% among non-consumers. Legume consumers drank less alcohol, but had higher intakes of energy, dietary fiber, folate, thiamin, and several minerals, and more often met recommended intake levels for folate and fiber, critical nutrients in Sweden. Biomarker status did not differ with legume intake. PCA revealed multiple loadings on legumes that generally reflected healthier eating habits for legume-consuming women. PLS revealed that vegetarianism was most influential for high legume intake. Other influential variables were high fruit, tea, nut, and seed intakes. High intake of meat, sodas, fast foods, and sweet foods, together with omnivorism, were influential for low legume intake. The associations were similar for men and women. Conclusions This study supports dietary recommendations on inclusion of legumes in a healthy diet. Greater focus on assessment of legume intake is necessary to explore the population-wide health effects of legumes as sustainable meat alternatives, and to reinforce national nutritional guidelines.

scholarly journals The timing of the evening meal: how is this associated with weight status in UK children?

2016 ◽  
Vol 115 (9) ◽  
pp. 1616-1622 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janine D. Coulthard ◽  
Gerda K. Pot
Keyword(s):  
Energy Intake ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Evening Meal ◽  
Nutrition Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Obesity And Overweight ◽  
Meal Timing

AbstractThere is some evidence from studies in adults and limited evidence from studies in children that eating later in the day may increase the risk of overweight and obesity. In this cross-sectional study, we investigated associations between evening meal timing in children and their weight status and energy intake. Dietary data obtained from the UK’s National Diet and Nutrition Survey Rolling Programme (2008–2012) for 768 children aged 4–10 years and 852 children aged 11–18 years were analysed. We tested for an association between evening meal timing (consuming the evening meal before or after 20.00 hours) and risk of overweight and/or obesity, adjusting for relevant confounding variables. We also explored whether evening meal timing was associated with overall nutrient intake. We found no association between evening meal timing and risk of obesity or risk of overweight and obesity combined in either the 4–10 years age group (obesity: OR 1·43; 95 % CI 0·49, 4·13; obesity and overweight combined: OR 1·33; 95 % CI 0·53, 3·33) or the 11–18 years age group (obesity: OR 0·50; 95 % CI 0·24, 1·02; obesity and overweight combined: OR 0·83; 95 % CI 0·50, 1·38), split by sex or as combined. No significant associations were found between evening meal timing and energy intake, and no clear patterns in variation of nutrient intakes with evening meal times were identified. In conclusion, we found no evidence that, for children aged 4–18 years in the UK, eating the evening meal after 20.00 hours was associated with excess weight or increased energy intake.

scholarly journals Association between the employment status and the presence of depressive symptoms in men and women in Mexico

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Julián Alfredo Fernández-Niño ◽  
Laura Juliana Bonilla-Tinoco ◽  
Claudia Iveth Astudillo-García ◽  
Edgar Fabián Manrique-Hernández ◽  
Vanesa Giraldo-Gartner
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Employment Status ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Nutrition Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Logistic Regression Models

Abstract: This study aims to estimate the relationship between employment status and depressive symptoms among Mexican adults, as well as to explore its differential effect by gender. Cross-sectional study of 36,516 adults between 20 and 59 years of age taken from the 2012 Mexican National Health and Nutrition Survey. Depressive symptoms were evaluated using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), and the employment status was determined a week before the survey. Logistic regression models were stratified by gender and education level and adjusted by sociodemographic and health-related conditions to estimate the association between depressive symptoms and employment status. The prevalence of clinically depressive symptoms was 7.59% for men and 18.62% for women. In the case of men, those who were unemployed were more likely to present depressive symptoms (OR = 1.66; 95%CI: 1.08-2.55) than those who were working. For women, employment status is not associated with the presence of depressive symptoms, except in students (OR = 1.57; 95%CI: 1.02-2.43) compared with those who were working. In both genders, disability preventing one from working was associated with depressive symptoms. Although being employed has been reported to be associated with lower levels of psychiatric morbidity, the estimated effect is different for men and women. Occupational health policies should consider these conditions.

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN POLA KONSUMSI PANGAN DAN AKTIVITAS FISIK DENGAN KEKUATAN DAN DAYA TAHAN TARUNA AKADEMI IMIGRASI DEPOK, JAWA BARAT

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 201
Author(s):  
Meirisa Rahmawati ◽  
Hadi Riyadi
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Vitamin B1 ◽  
Study Participant ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Consumption Pattern ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Calcium Iron

This study was aimed to observe association between consumption pattern and physical activity with strength and endurance of taruna in Immigration Academy, Depok, West Java. A cross sectional study using 63 taruna as study participant was conducted. The results of study showed that there was significant correlation between nutritional status and strength of taruna (p&lt;0.05). There was no significant correlation between adequacy levels of energy, protein, fat, carbohydrate, calcium, iron, vitamin A, vitamin B1, vitamin C, physical activity with strength and endurance (p&gt;0.05). There was no significant correlation between nutritional status with endurance of taruna (p&gt;0.05).<br /><br /><br />

The association of mycoprotein-based foods consumption with diet quality, energy intake and non-communicable diseases’ risk in the UK adult population using the National Diet and Nutrition Survey (NDNS) years 2008/09-2016/17: A cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-26
Author(s):  
Anna Cherta-Murillo ◽  
Gary S. Frost
Keyword(s):  
Energy Density ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Nutrition Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
High Fibre

Abstract Mycoprotein is a fungal-based ingredient rich in fibre and protein used in meat-replacement foods sold under the name of Quorn in 17 countries. Fibre and protein positively regulate glycaemia, lipidaemia, energy intake which are non-communicable diseases’ (NCDs) markers. We performed a cross-sectional study to investigate the association of mycoprotein intake with diet quality, nutrient, energy intake and NCDs risk within UK free-living adults from the National Diet and Nutrition Survey (NDNS) from years 2008/09-2016/17. Dietary approaches to stop hypertension (DASH) and healthy diet index (HDI) were calculated to estimate diet quality. Comparison between mycoprotein consumers (>1% kcal) and non-consumers, and associations between consumers and nutrient intakes, NCDs’ risk markers and diet quality were investigated using a survey-adjusted general linear model adjusted for sex, age, body mass index (BMI), ethnicity, socio-economic, smoking status, region of residency, total energy, energy density, HDI and non-mycoprotein fibre intake. 5507 adults were included, of which 3.44% were mycoprotein consumers and had a higher intake of dietary fibre (+22.18%,p<0.001), DASH score (+23.33%) and HDI (+8.89%) (p<0.001, both) and lower BMI (−4.77%,p=0.00) vs. non-consumers. There was an association (p=0.00) between mycoprotein consumers and diet quality scores (+0.19 and +0.26), high fibre (+3.17g), total and food energy (+3.09 and +0.22 kcal), but low energy density intakes (−0.08 kcal/g,p=0.04). Consumers were negatively associated with fasting blood glucose (−0.31 mmol/L,p=0.00), and glycated haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) (−0.15%,p=0.01). In conclusion, mycoprotein intake is associated with lower glycaemic markers and energy density intake, and high fibre, energy intake and diet quality scores.

scholarly journals Vitamin D in Anxiety and Affective Disorders

2015 ◽  
pp. S101-S103 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. BIČÍKOVÁ ◽  
M. DUŠKOVÁ ◽  
J. VÍTKŮ ◽  
B. KALVACHOVÁ ◽  
D. ŘÍPOVÁ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Affective Disorders ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Present Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Depressive Patients

Reduced levels of vitamin or its metabolites have been reported in various psychiatric disorders. Insufficient levels of vitamin D in depressive patients have been confirmed by many authors, but there have been conflicting results in subjects with anxiety disorders. In the present cross-sectional study, levels of calcidiol were determined in groups of depressive men and women and in men and women with anxiety disorders and compared with age matched controls. Significantly lower levels of calcidiol were found in men and women with depression as well as in age matched patients with anxiety disorders.

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