Finnish Kindergartners' Literacy Development in Contextualized Literacy Episodes: A Focus on Spelling

2000 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 349-393 ◽  
Author(s):  
Riitta-Liisa Korkeamäki ◽  
Mariam Jean Dreher
Keyword(s):  
Phase 1 ◽  
Invented Spelling ◽  
Spelling Development ◽  
Classroom Activities ◽  
Substantial Growth ◽  
Random Letter ◽  
Children's Writing ◽  
Field Notes ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Meaningful Literacy

This study focused on children's spelling development in a Finnish kindergarten. We examined how and when spelling begins when children are provided guided and meaningful literacy opportunities. Field notes, children's writing samples, and four dictations, as well as pre- and postinstruction assessment of literacy-related tasks were analyzed to describe children's progress and strategies. At the start of the study, some children did not know any letters, while others who knew some letters did not necessarily use them in the first dictation, drawing instead. Classroom activities offered children opportunities to increase letter knowledge and demonstrated how to apply that knowledge. The assessment at the end of the study in Phase 1 demonstrated a substantial growth in children's spelling: some children spelled almost all the dictated words correctly, most of the children used invented spelling, and only one child used random letter strings for a few words. In addition, children's reading developedso that several children were alphabetic-phase readers. In Phase 2, all the children used alphabetic strategies.

scholarly journals Possibilities for interprofessional learning at a Swedish acute healthcare ward not dedicated to interprofessional education: an ethnographic study

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. e027590 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann Hägg-Martinell ◽  
Håkan Hult ◽  
Peter Henriksson ◽  
Anna Kiessling
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Students ◽  
Interprofessional Education ◽  
Ethnographic Study ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
Interprofessional Learning ◽  
Staff Members ◽  
Questions And Answers ◽  
Field Notes ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Acute Healthcare

ObjectivesAlmost all healthcare today is team-based in collaboration over professional borders, and numerous students have work-based learning in such contexts. However, interprofessional learning (IPL) in clinical settings has mostly been systematically explored in specially designed contexts dedicated to interprofessional education (IPE). This study aimed to explore the possibilities for IPL activities, and if or how they occur, in an acute ward context not dedicated to IPE.Design and settingBetween 2011 and 2013 ethnographic observations were performed of medical and nursing students’ interactions and IPL during early clerkship at an acute internal medicine ward in Sweden. Field notes were taken and analysed based on the framework of IPE:learning with, from and about.Participants21 medical, 4 nursing students and 30 supervisors participated.ResultsLearning with—there were no organised IPE activities. Instead, medical and nursing students learnt in parallel. However, students interacted with staff members from other professions.Learning from—interprofessional supervision was frequent. Interprofessional supervision of nursing students by doctors focused on theoretical questions and answers, while interprofessional supervision of medical students by nurses focused on the performance of technical skills.Learning about—students were observed to actively observe interactions between staff and learnt how staff conducted different tasks.ConclusionThis study shows that there were plenty of possibilities for IPL activities, but the potential was not fully utilised or facilitated. Serendipitous IPL activities differed between observed medical and nursing students. Although interprofessional supervision was fairly frequent, students were not learning with, from or about each other over professional borders.

scholarly journals On Co-Creativity in Playful Classroom Activities

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Schmoelz
Keyword(s):  
Research Problem ◽  
Structural Method ◽  
Children And Young People ◽  
Classroom Activities ◽  
Pedagogical Design ◽  
Teachers And Students ◽  
Field Notes ◽  
And Coping ◽  
Collection Methods

Abstract Recent research points to the essential role of creativity in coping with and acting in a changing world. It has been shown that individual, collaborative and communal efforts are a core capacity for acting in and coping with ever changing circumstances, such that a novel emphasis on cocreativity has arisen. Yet there is very little research on how to provide occasions for co-creativity in classrooms and so the research problem focuses on enabling co-creativity. Therefore, a playful pedagogical design was created and facilitated in classroom. The qualitative data collection methods involved narrative-Socratic dialogues with teachers and students, field notes, and gameplay videography. The Narrative-Structural Method was used to analyze the research material. The main results show that playful classroom activities provide an occasion for co-creative reframing's, engaging in dialogue, expressing emotions, and co-creating a shared story that is rich in co-determined actions. In conclusion, the pedagogical implications of the results are that classroom activities for co-creativity may facilitate mixed playful pedagogies and empty content spaces, so that children and young people can playfully identify, explore and negotiate shared topics that are novel and meaningful to themselves and others.

Enfortumab vedotin (EV) in patients (Pts) with metastatic urothelial carcinoma (mUC) with prior checkpoint inhibitor (CPI) failure: A prospective cohort of an ongoing phase 1 study.

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (6_suppl) ◽  
pp. 431-431 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Peter Petrylak ◽  
David C. Smith ◽  
Thomas W. Flaig ◽  
Jingsong Zhang ◽  
Srikala S. Sridhar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antitumor Activity ◽  
Disease Progression ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Phase 2 ◽  
Phase 1 Study ◽  
Primary Tumor Site ◽  
Metastatic Setting ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Ongoing Phase

431 Background: EV is an ADC that selectively targets and kills cells expressing Nectin-4 by delivering a potent microtubule-disrupting agent, monomethyl auristatin E. As mUC tumors express Nectin-4 in almost all pts, the EV clinical profile was assessed in an ongoing Phase 1 study (NCT02091999) at the recommended phase 2 dose (RP2D; 1.25 mg/kg) in mUC pts with CPI failure, a population with a high unmet medical need. Methods: Pts with mUC, treated with ≥1 prior chemotherapy or who were ineligible for platinum chemotherapy, and who had disease progression after CPI therapy received an IV infusion of EV at RP2D on Days 1, 8, and 15 of each 28-day cycle. Primary endpoint was tolerability; a secondary endpoint was investigator-assessed antitumor activity per RECIST v1.1. Results: As of 2 Oct 2017, 62 pts with mUC and prior CPI failure received EV at RP2D (48 M/14 F; median age, 68 yr [range: 41–83]; ECOG 0/1 29%/71%). Primary tumor site was bladder in 73% pts; 63% pts had visceral and 27% had liver metastasis (LM). Most pts (71%) had ≥2 prior therapies in the metastatic setting, including platinum (87%) or taxanes (26%). CPI was the most recent therapy in 76% pts; time from last CPI to first EV dose was < 12 wk for 58% pts. Median treatment duration was 14.8 wk (range: 1.6–40.4); 39 pts continue treatment. Treatment-related AEs occurring in ≥30% pts were fatigue, rash, nausea, alopecia, decreased appetite and diarrhea; most grade ≤2. Grade ≥3 AE reported in ≥5% pts, regardless of attribution, was hyponatremia (6.5%). One fatal AE (respiratory failure) was possibly treatment related. Response evaluable pts (n = 54) had ≥1 post baseline scan or discontinued prior to scan. ORR (confirmed + unconfirmed) was 54% (95% CI: 39.6–67.4); 15 pts had a confirmed PR, 5 had unconfirmed PR, and 9 are pending subsequent assessment. This ORR is similar to CPI-naïve pts (59%; 95% CI: 36.4–79.3). ORR from 17 evaluable pts with LM was 41% (95% CI: 18.4–67.1). Conclusions: EV is tolerable and exhibits antitumor activity in a cohort of pts with mUC and disease progression after CPI. A phase 2 study assessing EV in this population with high unmet need has been initiated (NCT03219333; EV-201 study). Clinical trial information: NCT02091999.

scholarly journals Utilizing Cooperative Learning in Islamic College Students’ Classroom

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-139
Author(s):  
Abdul Gafur Marzuki
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Action Research ◽  
Cooperative Learning ◽  
English Education ◽  
Reading Skill ◽  
Teaching Reading ◽  
Classroom Activities ◽  
Field Notes ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Minimum Criteria

ABSTRACT The research aims at utilizing cooperative learning in teaching reading skill for Islamic college students. The research was classroom action research which was conducted in two cycles where each cycle consisted of planning, implementation, observation and reflection. The subject were taken from PAI 5 which contained 30 students. The data of this research were obtained from the test, observation checklist, and field notes. The findings of research showed that cooperative learning was effective in developing students’ reading skill. The findings revealed that there were nineteen students who achieved the minimum criteria of achievement in cycle 1, which percentage was 63.3%. In cycle 2, it was found that there were twenty five students who achieved the minimum criteria of achievement, which percentage increased to 83.3%. Both of the classical and individual achievements have met the criteria of success. Besides, students were active in joining classroom activities and completing their classroom tasks. Therefore, it can be concluded that the cooperative learning was effective to develop the students’ reading skill. ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memanfaatkan pembelajaran kooperatif dalam pembelajaran keterampilan membaca mahasiswa di perguruan tinggi Islam. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas yang dilakukan dalam dua siklus dimana setiap siklus terdiri dari perencanaan, pelaksanaan, observasi dan refleksi. Subjek penelitian diambil dari kelas PAI 5 yang terdiri dari 30 mahasiswa. Data penelitian ini diperoleh dari hasil tes, lembar observasi, dan catatan lapangan. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pembelajaran kooperatif efektif dalam mengembangkan keterampilan membaca mahasiswa. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa ada sembilan belas mahasiswa yang mencapai kriteria pencapaian minimal pada siklus 1, dengan persentase 63,3%. Pada siklus 2, ditemukan bahwa ada dua puluh lima mahasiswa yang mencapai kriteria pencapaian minimum dengan persentase 83,3%. Persentase klasik dan individual telah memenuhi kriteria keberhasilan. Selain itu, mahasiswa aktif mengikuti kegiatan kelas dan menyelesaikan tugas kelas mereka. Oleh karena itu, dapat disimpulkan bahwa pembelajaran kooperatif efektif untuk mengembangkan keterampilan membaca mahasiswa. How to Cite: Marzuki, A., G. (2016). Utilizing Cooperative Learning in Islamic College Students’ Classroom. IJEE (Indonesian Journal of English Education), 3(2), 123-139 doi:10.15408/ijee.v3i2.5528. Permalink/DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15408/ijee.v3i2.5528 

scholarly journals Using Video to Improve Pronunciation of The Second Years Students of FKI UIR Pekanbaru

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-24
Author(s):  
Al Malikul Ikhwanda Putra
Keyword(s):  
Classroom Management ◽  
Native Speaker ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Training And Education ◽  
Learning And Teaching ◽  
Classroom Activities ◽  
Field Notes ◽  
Sound Patterns ◽  
Teaching Pronunciation

The purpose of the research is to find out the use of video to improve students’ pronunciation. The study employed a classroom action research. The participants of this study were 37 students. They were the second year students of FKIP (faculty of teacher training and education) in Islamic University Riau (UIR) Pekanbaru, Indonesia. This study was conducted in two cycles. Each cycle comprised four meetings. The data of this research were obtained through (1) observation sheets, (2) field notes, (3) interview, and (4) tests which consisted of consonants in detail, linking, and stress within target segments based on the phonetic symbols. The findings showed that the use of video in mastering pronunciation was able to improve students’ pronunciation. The study also revealed that the activities of using video enable students to enhance the quality of sound patterns they pronounce. In this case the researcher found that the key factors that enhance the quality of sound patterns were also influenced by familiar words, student’s basic needs and level. Hence, those factors should be considered in learning and teaching pronunciation. Moreover, the activity such as listening and imitating the way native speaker pronounces words and sentences as the lesson material can help students improve their pronunciation. The average class score of students’ pronunciation increased from 58.4 in the first cycle to 88.3 in the second cycle. Material, media, classroom activities, classroom management, teacher’s approach, and teacher’s strategy were also significantly essential for the improvement of students’ pronunciation.

scholarly journals Code Switching in English Language Learning at Pabelan Islamic Boarding School

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 148-158
Author(s):  
Cintia Yudita
Keyword(s):  
Language Learning ◽  
English Language ◽  
Boarding School ◽  
Code Switching ◽  
English Language Learning ◽  
English Teacher ◽  
Classroom Activities ◽  
Sentence Form ◽  
Field Notes ◽  
Teaching Learning

This research aims to describe the use of code switching in English language learning, in terms of the form of code switching, the kind of code switching, the aim of code switching, the function of code switching and the causal factors of code switching. This study belongs to qualitative research. The subjects of this research were the English teacher and students. Meanwhile, the data were utterances of English teacher and students that contained code switching. The data were collected through observation, recording, note-taking and interview. Classroom activities, particularly in the teaching of English language, were recorded on video tapes and field notes. The data analysis revealed several findings. First, both teacher and students used word form of code switching, phrase form of code switching and sentence form of code switching when they were in the classroom. Second, the English teacher and the student used intern and extern code switching, temporary code switching, situational and metaphorical code switching. Third, the aim of using code switching done by the teacher and students were compensating for language limitation, to explain the material and strategy in teaching learning process. Fourth, the functions of code switching for teachers and student were as clarification, emphasis, repetition, translation, checking for understanding, tool for communication, developing vocabulary and tolerance. Fifth, the factors that caused code switching were to fulfil a need, to express or declare solidarity, to respect the listener and to be more informative.

scholarly journals DEVELOPING STUDENTS’ WRITING SKILL THROUGH JIGSAW, MIND-MAPPING, AND ROUNDTABLE TECHNIQUES

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-93
Author(s):  
Dwi Iswahyuni ◽  
Sri Kiswati
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Mind Mapping ◽  
Writing Skill ◽  
Field Notes ◽  
Almost All

Writing skill seems to be a difficult skill for many students. Whereas, they are demanded to be able to write at text level. This study investigates how students’ writing skill can be developed  through the combination of jigsaw, mind-mapping, and roundtable techniques. The aim of the study was to find out in what ways the combination of jigsaw, mind-mapping, and roundtable techniques can develop students’ writing skill. Moreover, this study belonged to a pre-experimental study and the instruments employed in this study were tests and field notes. The results of the study showed that almost all of the students made some improvements after the treatments. All aspects which comprised grammar; mechanics; style and quality of expression; organization; and content aspects were improved. In addition, the highest improvement belonged to grammar aspect (30.73%). Furthermore, based on the field notes, the students gave positive responses towards the treatments and the treatments were worthwhile for the development of the students’ writing skill. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that the combination of jigsaw, mind-mapping, and roundtable techniques can develop students’ writing skill in many ways including grammar, mechanics, vocabulary, organization, and content aspects.

scholarly journals Sustainable urban infrastructural development for smart city in Guwahati, India

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Smart City ◽  
Flash Flood ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Education And Health ◽  
Piped Water ◽  
Natural Beauty ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Trade Education ◽  
Almost All

The Smart City Mission of Guwahati plains to leverage city’s unique locational advantages to establish its dominance and serve as the hub for the entire North-Eastern region and become a world-class destination in terms of tourism, business, trade, education and health. To achieve this, the mission plans to use the city’s rich cultural heritage and natural beauty as the key anchors not only for attracting tourists, but also to help convert the city’s present infrastructure challenges into opportunities. The main objective of the study is to analyse the presence of basic urban infrastructural facilities necessary for sustainable smart city.The stratified random sampling of houses in each 31 wards of the study area was conducted using the questionnaires method. The findings includes that public transport has increased approximately from 10 to 30 per cent. Under Jawaharlal Nehru Urban Renewal Mission (JNNURM) Phase-1 funding 200 buses have been acquired, increasing city’s bus fleet to nearly 2500. Wholesale markets, Inter State Bus Terminus (ISBT) have been shifted to outskirts to de-congest the city. At present 40 percent have piped water supply for 1 hour a day. City engages NGO’s for door to door solid waste collection, which is transported by GPS enabled vehicles. CCTV Cameras are getting installed at 18 identified locations. GMC is upgrading street lighting infrastructure i.e. LED and Solar lights. 2.59 lakhs houses and construction of metro was proposed in Guwahati Master Plan 2025. Bio-Metric attendance machine are operational in almost all government offices. Water pump are used to tackle the flash flood.

scholarly journals PERANAN KEPEMIMPINAN DALAM ORGANISASI

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-26
Author(s):  
Sastra Abijaya ◽  
Eka Wildanu ◽  
Agus Jamaludin
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Performance ◽  
Work Performance ◽  
Work Productivity ◽  
Communication Process ◽  
State University ◽  
Organizational Goals ◽  
Efficiency And Effectiveness ◽  
Field Notes ◽  
Unit Unit ◽  
Almost All

Abstract - Leadership is the attitude and behavior to influence subordinates so that they are able to work together, so as to form a harmonious relationship with the consideration of efficiency and effectiveness aspects to achieve the predetermined work productivity figures. Path-goal leadership theory explains how a leader's behavior affects the motivation and work performance of his subordinates, in different work situations. Research into leadership began in 1945, initiated by the Bureau of Affairs and Research at Ohio State University. The ability to control resources and other factors to achieve organizational goals is an effort that must be made in every organization. In analyzing the data in this study, the process carried out by the author was to compile interview transcriptions, field notes, and other collected materials. The process of analysis involves working with data, organizing and breaking it down into manageable units, summarizing them, searching for patterns, and discovering what is important and what needs to be learned. Communication is very important in management because it is one of the tools to guide, motivate, monitor or observe and evaluate the implementation of company management. Usually communication will have different functions and benefits according to the conditions, themes and participants involved in the communication event. Organizations need to communicate fluently and effectively when achieving their goals to ensure continuous improvement or quality improvement in organizational performance and human resource performance. Therefore, almost all members of the organization must understand the organizational communication process in order to understand correctly that there are no errors in communication between them. Abstrak – Kepemimpinan adalah sikap dan perilaku untuk memengaruhi para bawahan agar mereka mampu berkejasama, sehingga membentuk jalinan kerja sama yang harmonis dengan pertimbangan aspek efisiensi dan efektivitas untuk mencapai angka produktivitas kerja sesuai dengan yang telah ditetapkan. Teori kepemimpinan jalan-tujuan menerangkan bagaimana perilaku seorang pemimpin memengaruhi motivasi dan prestasi kerja bawahannya, dalam situasi kerja yang berbeda-beda. Kemampuan mengendalikan sumber daya dan serta faktor lain untuk mencapai tujuan organisasi merupakan usaha yang harus dilakukan dalam setiap organisasi. Dalam melakukan analisis data pada penelitian ini, proses yang dikerjakan oleh penulis adalah dengan menyusun transkripsi wawancara, catatan lapangan, dan materi-materi lain yang dikumpulkan. Proses analisis melibatkan pekerjaan dengan data, penyusunan, dan pemecahannya ke dalam unit-unit yang dapat ditangani, perangkumannya, pencarian pola-pola, dan penemuan apa yang penting dan apa yang perlu dipelajari. Komunikasi sangat penting dalam. .manajemen karena .merupakan salah. .satu .alat untuk memandu, memotivasi,. memantau atau. .mengamati dan mengevaluasi .pelaksanaan .manajemen perusahaan.. Biasanya komunikasi. .akan .memiliki .fungsi dan .manfaat yang .berbeda sesuai dengan kondisi,. tema dan peserta .yang .terlibat .dalam acara .komunikasi tersebut. .Organisasi perlu berkomunikasi dengan lancar dan efektif ketika mencapai tujuan mereka untuk memastikan peningkatan berkelanjutan atau peningkatan kualitas dalam kinerja organisasi dan kinerja sumber daya manusia. Oleh karena itu, .hampir .semua .anggota organisasi. .harus .memahami .proses komunikasi. .organisasi .agar dapat memahami dengan benar bahwa tidak ada kesalahan dalam komunikasi di antara mereka.

scholarly journals Researching Oral Production Skills of Young Learners

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 141-166
Author(s):  
Magdalena Szpotowicz
Keyword(s):  
National Curriculum ◽  
Reference Level ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Oral Production ◽  
Classroom Activities ◽  
Young Learners ◽  
Oral Test ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
Oral Interaction ◽  
Almost All

This chapter focuses on the development of young learners’ ability to communicate in a foreign language. An empirical study was carried out to determine whether, after four years of learning English as a compulsory school subject, children are ready to engage in oral interaction in a semicontrolled task and produce answers and questions in English. A convenience sample of ten-year-old children was selected from 180 participants in ELLiE2 in Poland. Six learners from one class of each of seven schools were selected on the basis of teachers’ reports to ensure equal proportions of learners with low, medium and high ability. Schools were chosen to represent different socio-economic milieux. The results of the Year Four oral test (an interactive task) showed that almost all the participating childrencould  respond to questions but only half were able to ask questions. Considering generally positive attitudes to speaking activities, the results suggest that ten-year-old children are already developing their interactive skills and could benefit from more interaction-focused classroom activities. Further experimental classroom-based studies are necessary to gain better insight into potential oral achievements in this age group. The results are discussed in the context of national curriculum requirements, drawing on the Common European Framework of Reference level descriptors.

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