Fiscal Externalities and Optimal Taxation in an Economic Community [with Comments]

2005 ◽  
Vol 2005 (1) ◽  
pp. 207-259
Author(s):  
Marianne Baxter ◽  
Robert G. King ◽  
Pierpaolo Benigno ◽  
Francesco Giavazzi
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Taxation ◽  
Economic Community ◽  
Fiscal Externalities

scholarly journals Optimal Taxation and Social Insurance with Endogenous Private Insurance

2010 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raj Chetty ◽  
Emmanuel Saez
Keyword(s):  
Moral Hazard ◽  
Adverse Selection ◽  
Optimal Taxation ◽  
Social Insurance ◽  
Government Intervention ◽  
Private Insurance ◽  
Welfare Gains ◽  
Empirical Estimates ◽  
Fiscal Externalities ◽  
Private Market

We characterize welfare gains from government intervention when the private sector provides partial insurance. We analyze models in which adverse selection, pre-existing information, or imperfect optimization create a role for government intervention. We derive formulas that map existing empirical estimates into quantitative predictions for optimal policy. When private insurance generates moral hazard, standard formulas for optimal government insurance must be modified to account for fiscal externalities. In contrast, standard formulas are unaffected by “informal” private insurance that does not generate moral hazard. Applications to health and unemployment show that formal private market insurance can significantly reduce optimal government benefit rates. (JEL D82, G22, H21, H23, J65)

PERUBAHAN MINDSET MENGAJAR DALAM MENYIAPKAN PENDIDIK YANG PROFESIONAL DALAM PERSAINGAN DI ERA MEA

KEBERLANJUTAN ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 897
Author(s):  
ROMENAH ROMENAH
Keyword(s):  
Economic Community ◽  
National Education ◽  
Professional Educators ◽  
Free Competition ◽  
National Education System ◽  
Asean Countries ◽  
Asean Economic Community ◽  
The Times ◽  
Agent Of Change

AbstractThe National Education System has grown so rapidly over time. A variety of efforts have been made to build every prosperous, dignified Indonesian human being, so that the quality of Indonesian thinking is progressing. The ASEAN Economic Community which has been launched since 2015 has resulted in free competition, both in trade, employment, and there is free competition for educators in ASEAN countries. Besides that, Indonesian education is faced with challenges and developments in the times, where the culture between ASEAN countries has no limits, this is the challenge faced when implementing the Asean Economic Comunity (ASEAN Economic Community) MEA. Indonesia as a country in the ASEAN region must prepare domestic educators to have professionalism and character so that they can compete with the AEC. Educators must be aware of the essence of the existence of their profession, continue to struggle to make changes in order to realize professionalism with noble character. Efforts made in preparing professional educators to face the challenges of the AEC must touch the most fundamental aspects of changing their competencies, namely the mindset. A student must be more advanced and innovative in developing his learning so that he can change the mindset of students to do agent of change. Through this mindset educators will become professional and characterized so that they can compete and compete in the MEA era. Keywords: MEA, Changes in Mindset, Professional Educators

Pengaturan Waralaba Di Indonesia: Perspektif Hukum Bisnis

Liquidity ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-166
Author(s):  
Muchtar Riva’i
Keyword(s):  
Government Regulation ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Economic Community ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Government ◽  
Medium Enterprises ◽  
Article 5 ◽  
Laws And Regulations

The law arrangement of franchise law was first explicitly regulated by the Government Regulation No. 16 of 1997 which is then updated by Government Regulation No. 42 of 2007 to be created in an agreement that at least contains clauses as stipulated by Article 5 of the Government Regulation. However, franchise arrangements also associated with a variety of other laws and regulations applicable in Indonesia. This article is going to state that the importance of partnerships with small and medium enterprises as an effort to encourage the involvement of the wider economic community.

Trends of Regional Integration on the Post-Soviet Space: Results of Quantitative Analysis

2010 ◽  
pp. 94-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Vinokurov ◽  
A. Libman
Keyword(s):  
Regional Integration ◽  
Market Integration ◽  
Trade Integration ◽  
Economic Community ◽  
Small Countries ◽  
Economic Interaction ◽  
Leading Position ◽  
Soviet Space ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Post Soviet Space

The paper applies a new dataset of the System of Indicators of Eurasian Integration to evaluate the changes of level and direction of economic interaction of the post-Soviet states in the last decade. It analyzes the integration dynamics in the area of trade and migration as well as on three functional markets of agricultural goods, electricity and educational services. The paper concludes that the level of trade integration on the post-Soviet space continues declining, while there is a rapid increase of the labor market integration. Three largest countries of the Eurasian Economic Community - Russia, Belarus and Kazakhstan - demonstrate positive integration dynamics, but small countries maintain the leading position in the area of post-Soviet integration.

Model Pemberdayaan Kualitas Sumber Daya Insani (SDI) Pada Zaman Umar Bin Khattab: Langkah Stategis Pemberdayaan SDI Indonesia dalam Menyongsong Era ASEAN Economic Community (AEC) 2015

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-52
Author(s):  
Mukhoer Abdus Syukur
Keyword(s):  
Economic Community ◽  
Asean Economic Community

Indonesia dengan jumlah penduduk yang terbanyak dikawasan ASEAN harusnya itu menjadi modal besar untuk meningkatkan produktifitas menjelang era MEA 2015. Sebagai salah satu dari tiga pilar utama ASEAN Economic Community 2015, ASEAN Economic Community yang dibentuk dengan misi menjadikan perekonomian di ASEAN menjadi lebih baik serta mampu bersaing dengan Negara-negara yang perekonomiannya lebih maju dibandingkan dengan kondisi Negara ASEAN saat ini. Dalam memberdayakan sumber daya manusia yang ada, khalifah umar bin khattab melakukan berbagai macam cara untuk memberdayakannya, yaitu: Tazkiyah dan Taklim, Pelatihan dan Meraih Keterampilan, Makanan, Kesehatan, dan Kepedulian Sosial. Dengan melakukan langkah-langkah yang telah dilakukan umar bin khattab dalam memberdayakan sumber daya insani, penulis yakin indonesia bisa berjaya para era ASEAN Economic Community (AEC) 2015 nanti, dan bisa bersaing dengan negara-negara maju.

Transformation of the intellectual capital structure and a growth in the significance of its components – human capital and intellectual property – in today's economy

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 745-758
Author(s):  
S.N. Larin ◽  
E.Yu. Khrustalev ◽  
N.V. Noakk
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Intellectual Capital ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Economic Community ◽  
Intellectual Activity ◽  
Accelerated Growth ◽  
Definition Of

Subject. Currently, as the global economy evolves, its innovative components should demonstrate a tendency of accelerated growth as intellectual capital, information technologies, increasing knowledge and digitization of mushrooming production processes. Nowadays, intellectual capital is one of the economic development drivers. However, the economic community is found to have no generally accepted wording of the concept, thus laying the basis for this article. Objectives. The study sums up the analysis of approaches used by the Russian and foreign economists to determining the economic substance of intellectual capital. We also identify the importance of human capital as its components and specify the definition of the concept. Methods. The article overviews and analyzes proceedings by the most renowned authors, which substantiate how the economic substance of intellectual capital should be unveiled, and suggest its definitions. Results. We specified the definition of intellectual capital concerning the current economic development. We suggest integrating a new component into intellectual capital, such as intellectual property, which includes products of intellectual activity and intangible assets. They can be owned by the entity or other legal entities and individuals, including some employees of the entity. Conclusions and Relevance. The specified definition of intellectual capital will help address issues of sustainable economic development and ensure the competitiveness of the Russian entities nationwide and worldwide, since it directly contributes to intellectual capital and its components.

Impacts of Financial Integration in the Asia Economic Community on Competitiveness of the Commercial Banks in Vietnam

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nguyen Cam Nhung
Keyword(s):  
Financial Services ◽  
Commercial Banks ◽  
Financial Integration ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Capital Adequacy ◽  
Viet Nam ◽  
Economic Community ◽  
Industrial Policies ◽  
Capital Adequacy Ratio ◽  
Internet Economy

This paper assesses the impacts of financial integration in the Asia Economic Community (AEC) on the capacity of finance and provision of financial services of Vietnamese commercial banks. In recent years, Vietnamese commercial banks have achieved some successes as reflected in the growth indicators of operation scales, charter capital and total assets. However, under the pressure of integration, the capital adequacy ratio (CAR) fell slightly in 2016 resulting from the applying of the CAR calculation method to commercial banks in accordance with the new regulations towards step by step approaching international standards. Compared to other countries in the AEC, the capacity of finance and provision of financial services of the Vietnamese commercial banks remains low. As a result, it is necessary to carry out synchronous and drastic measures in the coming time to enhance the competitiveness of the Vietnamese commercial banks. Keywords Competitiveness, financial integration, AEC, commercial bank, Vietnam References [1] UNCTAD, World Investment Report 2018: Investment and New Industrial Policies, June 2018.[2] Cục Đầu tư nước ngoài, “Tình hình thu hút Đầu tư nước ngoài 8 tháng năm 2018”, 2018, http://fia.mpi.gov.vn/tinbai/6045/Tinh-hinh-thu-hut-Dau-tu-nuoc-ngoai-8-thang-nam-2018.[3] Google and Temasek, “e-Conomy SEA Spotlight 2017: Unprecedented growth for Southeast Asia’s $50B internet economy, 2017”, 2017.[4] Tô Thị Thanh Trúc, “Khu vực tài chính Việt Nam trong bối cảnh hội nhập tài chính ASEAN”, Tạp chí Phát triển Khoa học và Công nghệ, 19 (2016) Q1, 2016.[5] Phạm Xuân Hoan, Nguyễn Cẩm Nhung, Nguyễn Bích Thủy, “Ngân hàng TMCP Ngoại thương Việt Nam: Chủ động đón AEC”, Tạp chí Kinh tế và Dự báo, Số 2 tháng 1/2016.[6] Phạm Xuân Hoan, Nguyễn Cẩm Nhung, Nguyễn Bích Thủy, “Khả năng thích ứng của các ngân hàng thương mại Việt Nam khi tham gia hội nhập AEC”, Tạp chí Tài chính, Kỳ 1 tháng 12/2015 (622).[7] Trần Thị Vân Anh, “Ngân hàng Việt Nam trong tiến trình gia nhập Cộng đồng Kinh tế ASEAN”, Tạp chí Khoa học Xã hội Việt Nam, 4 (2016) 101.[8] Nguyễn Thị Diễm Hiền, “Một số vấn đề về ngân hàng thương mại khi Việt Nam gia nhập Cộng đồng Kinh tế Asean”, Tạp chí Phát triển Khoa học và Công nghệ, 19 (2016) Q1, 2016.[9] Blattner N., “Competitiveness of Banks”, Journal of Financial Economics, N.21 (1992).[10] PwC Growth Markets Centre, The Future of ASEAN - Time to Act Financial Services, 2018.

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