scholarly journals Model adaptation mechanisms of cultivated plants in extreme conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 845 (1) ◽  
pp. 012001
Author(s):  
E N Anikieva ◽  
A A Anikiev
Keyword(s):  
Internal Control ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
System Development ◽  
Stable State ◽  
Physiological Model ◽  
Cultivated Plants ◽  
Extreme Conditions ◽  
First Case ◽  
Structural Parts ◽  
The Individual

Abstract This study presents a new mathematical model of the physiology of the plant open system development in the conditions far from equilibrium. Unlike existing approaches, our model is based on the equations describing competition for the substrate between the three main compartments of cultivated plants - the root, stem and leaf system in extreme conditions. Exchange with the external environment occurs through two channels - through the leaves and the root system. The internal control channel is defined as a function of limiting the plant biomass through the biomass of the individual structural parts. The model viability was tested on the example of physiological model of tomato development. The system’s behavior was studied under two varieties of extreme conditions - a lack of nutrients in the soil and a low level or lack of solar radiation. In the first case, the model shows the restructuring of the system after several levels of vibrations to a stable state with a low consumption of substrate and a redistribution of the leaves, stem and root masses. In the second case, the calculations show a significant suppression of leaf cover biomass and mass redistribution in favor of the stem and root. However, even in this case, after a period of instability, the system comes to a stable state with the mass of the stem exceeding the mass of other structures. For each case, phase trajectories of the biomass and substrates behavior are constructed.

Impairment Tutorial: Functionally Limiting Upper Extremity Pain: Controversies in Impairment Rating

2003 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 4-12
Author(s):  
Lorne Direnfeld ◽  
James Talmage ◽  
Christopher Brigham
Keyword(s):  
Upper Extremity ◽  
Radicular Pain ◽  
Illness Behavior ◽  
Orthopedic Surgeon ◽  
First Case ◽  
Clinical Presentations ◽  
Whole Person ◽  
Physical Examinations ◽  
Upper Extremity Impairment ◽  
The Individual

Abstract This article was prompted by the submission of two challenging cases that exemplify the decision processes involved in using the AMA Guides to the Evaluation of Permanent Impairment (AMA Guides). In both cases, the physical examinations were normal with no evidence of illness behavior, but, based on their histories and clinical presentations, the patients reported credible symptoms attributable to specific significant injuries. The dilemma for evaluators was whether to adhere to the AMA Guides, as written, or to attempt to rate impairment in these rare cases. In the first case, the evaluating neurologist used alternative approaches to define impairment based on the presence of thoracic outlet syndrome and upper extremity pain, as if there were a nerve injury. An orthopedic surgeon who evaluated the case did not base impairment on pain and used the upper extremity chapters in the AMA Guides. The impairment ratings determined using either the nervous system or upper extremity chapters of the AMA Guides resulted in almost the same rating (9% vs 8% upper extremity impairment), and either value converted to 5% whole person permanent impairment. In the second case, the neurologist evaluated the individual for neuropathic pain (9% WPI), and the orthopedic surgeon rated the patient as Diagnosis-related estimates Cervical Category II for nonverifiable radicular pain (5% to 8% WPI).

Peakedness of Wave Systems Observed on the French Wave Energy Test Site (SEM-REV) Using a Spectral Partitioning Algorithm

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Baptiste Saulnier ◽  
Izan Le Crom
Keyword(s):  
Wave Energy ◽  
Test Site ◽  
Extreme Conditions ◽  
Multiple Wave ◽  
Wave Energy Converters ◽  
Marine Energy ◽  
Partitioning Algorithm ◽  
Spectral Partitioning ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Energy Converters

Located off the Guérande peninsula, SEM-REV is the French maritime facility dedicated to the testing of wave energy converters and related components. Lead by Ecole Centrale de Nantes through the LHEEA laboratory, its aim is to promote research alongside the development of new offshore technologies. To this end, the 1km2, grid-connected zone is equipped with a comprehensive instruments network sensing met-ocean processes and especially waves, with two identical directional Waverider buoys deployed on the site since 2009. For the design of moored floating structures and, a fortiori, floating marine energy converters, the knowledge of the main wave resource — for regular operation — but also extreme conditions — for moorings and device survivability — has to be as precise as possible. Also, the consideration of the multiple wave systems (swell, wind sea) making up the sea state is a key asset for the support of developers before and during the testing phase. To this end, a spectral partitioning algorithm has been implemented which enables the individual characterisation of wave systems, in particular that of their spectral peakedness which is especially addressed in this work. Peakedness has been shown to be strongly related to the groupiness of large waves and is defined here as the standard JONSWAP’s peak enhancement factor γ. Statistics related to this quantity are derived from the measurement network, with a particular focus on the extreme conditions reported on SEM-REV (Joachim storm).

Bioremediation of Acid Mine Drainage in an Uranium Deposit

2007 ◽  
Vol 20-21 ◽  
pp. 248-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stoyan N. Groudev ◽  
Plamen S. Georgiev ◽  
Irena Spasova ◽  
Marina Nicolova
Keyword(s):  
Mine Drainage ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Uranium Deposit ◽  
Water Flow Rate ◽  
Ambient Temperatures ◽  
Zinc Cadmium ◽  
Copper Zinc ◽  
Cadmium Lead ◽  
Dead Plant ◽  
The Individual

Acid drainage waters generated in the uranium deposit Curilo, Bulgaria, were treated by means of different passive systems such as natural and constructed wetlands, alkalizing limestone drains, permeable reactive multibarriers and a rock filter, used separately or in different combinations. The waters had a pH in the range of about 2 – 4 and contained radionuclides (uranium, radium), heavy metals (copper, zinc, cadmium, lead, nickel, cobalt, iron, manganese), arsenic and sulphates in concentrations usually much higher than the relevant permissible levels for waters intended for use in agriculture and/or industry. The water flow rate through the individual systems was different and not stable, and varied in the range approximately from 0.02 to 1.5 l/s. Efficient removal of pollutants was achieved by means of these systems during the different climatic seasons, even during the cold winter months at water and ambient temperatures close to 0 oC. The removal was due to different mechanisms but microbial sulphate reduction, biosorption by living and dead plant biomass and chemical neutralization played the main roles.

Pengembangan SIA Terintegrasi: Pengaturan Pembelian Kredit di PT Toyonaga Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 142-148
Author(s):  
Dealin Mahaputri Leonika
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Internal Control ◽  
Business Processes ◽  
System Development ◽  
Application System ◽  
Development Life Cycle ◽  
Descriptive Approach ◽  
System Information ◽  
Main Support ◽  
Developing System

Abstract-- PT Toyonaga Indonesia is a manufacturing company engaged in the automotive field, the importance of purchasing activities as the main support in the process production and as revenue company , it is very necessary for  system that is mutually integrated computerized between one part and another. PT Toyonaga Indonesia has no system that can integrate between parts to facilitate internal control of the company. This study using method a qualitative research with a descriptive approach, which developing system design using a system development, system structured cycle due to SDLC is a recognized method and is used a lot of system development, steps structured and practical, tools from SDLC using more diagrams so easy to understand, the stages are related to each other. The results show that the system has been running well in PT Toyonaga Indonesia, but the system has not run effectively and efficiently so it is designed with an application system called Entrepreneurial Purchasing System to facilitate the company's business processes, especially in the field of credit purchases.   Keywords-- System Information Accounting In Purchase Credit   Abstrak--PT Toyonaga Indonesia adalah perusahaan manufaktur yang bergerak dibidang otomotif, karena begitu pentingnya kegiatan pembelian sebagai penunjang utama dalam proses produksi dan perolehan profit perusahaan maka sangat dibutuhkannya sistem yang saling terintegrasi secara komputerisasi antara satu bagian dengan bagian lain. PT Toyonaga Indonesia belum terdapat sistem yang dapat berintegrasi antar bagian untuk memudahkan pengendalian internal perusahaan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif yaitu dengan mengembangkan perancangan sistem dengan menggunakan sistem tersturktur System Development Life Cycle karena SDLC merupakan metode yang diakui dan digunakan banyak pengembangan sistem, alur tahapannya terstruktur dan praktis, tools alat-alat dari SDLC menggunakan diagram yang lebih mudah dimengerti, tahapannnya terkait satu sama lainnya. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa sistem yang berjalan pada PT Toyonaga Indonesia sudah berjalan dengan baik, namun sistem belum berjalan secara efektif dan efisien maka dirancang dengan sistem aplikasi dengan nama Purchasing Entris System agar memudahkan proses bisnis perusahaan khususnya dalam bidang pembelian kredit.   Kata Kunci--Sistem Informasi Akuntansi Pembelian Kredit    

scholarly journals PENGELOLAAN BIOMASSA TANAMAN DALAM BIOINDUSTRI PERKEBUNAN MENDUKUNG PENGEMBANGAN BIOENERGI Plant Biomass Management in Plantations Bioindustry Supporting Bioenergy Development

Perspektif ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 135
Author(s):  
Suci Wulandari ◽  
Sumanto Sumanto ◽  
Saefudin Saefudin
Keyword(s):  
Food Systems ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
System Development ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Use Of Resources ◽  
Plantation Crops

<p>Biomassa tanaman perkebunan dapat dimanfaatkan untuk pangan, pakan, dan bioenergi. Hasil penelitian dan perkembangan teknologi telah mendorong pemanfaatan biomassa bagian-bagian tanaman tersebut. Tanaman perkebunan memiliki potensi besar untuk menghasilkan biomassa yang dapat dimanfaatkan dalam pengembangan energi terbarukan. Pemetaan potensi biomassa telah banyak dilakukan pada tanaman perkebunan, seperti pada: tebu, kakao, kelapa sawit, kemiri sunan, jarak pagar, kopi, kelapa dalam, karet dan teh. Pengembangan sistem produksi pangan dan biomassa untuk pembangkit energi melalui sistem multi tanam berbasis komoditas perkebunan telah dikembangkan.  Di Kabupaten Aceh Timur telah dilakukan pengembangan sistem agroindustri juga memanfaatkan semua produk samping, mendorong daur ulang dan pemanfaatan residu. Pemanfaatan potensi bioenergi masih dihadapkan pada berbagai kendala distribusi, kontinuitas pasokan bahan dan aspek ekonomi. Menyikapi hal tersebut langkah strategis dapat dilakukan melalui: analisis neraca karbon, alokasi lahan, pemanfaatan lahan, pemanfaatan sumber daya secara berkelanjutan, dukungan teknologi, fokus pada nilai tambah yang tinggi dan perbaikan tata kelola. Selanjutnya perbaikan pada pengembangan sistem pangan energi terpadu dapat ditempuh melalui: (1) sosialisasi dari inovasi teknologi, (2) membentuk kawasan-kawasan pertanian terpadu di daerah sentra pengembangan dan (3) memperkuat kelembagaan petani untuk mengembangkan agroindustri.</p><p> </p><p><strong> </strong><strong> </strong>ABSTRACT</p><p align="center">Biomass from estate crops can be used for food, feed, and bioenergy. The results of research and technological developments have encouraged the utilization of biomass of these plant parts. Plantation crops have great potential to produce biomass that can be utilized in the development of renewable energy. Mapping of biomass potential has been carried out in plantation crops, such as: sugar cane, cocoa, oil palm, candlenut, jatropha, coffee, deep coconut, rubber, and tea. The development of food and biomass production systems for energy generation through a commodity-based multi-cropping system has been developed. In East Aceh District an agro-industrial system development has also been carried out utilizing all byproducts, encouraging recycling and utilizing residues. The utilization of bioenergy is still faced with various distribution constraints, continuity of material supply and economic aspects. In response to this, strategic steps can be taken through carbon balance analysis, land allocation, land use, sustainable use of resources, technology support, focus on high added value and improved governance. Furthermore, improvements to the development of integrated energy food systems can be pursued through (1) socialization of technological innovations, (2) establishing integrated agricultural areas in plant centers and (3) strengthening farmer institutions to develop agro-industries.</p><p> </p>

Auditing System Development: Constructing the Meaning of “Systematic and Rational” in the Context of Legacy Code Migration for Vendor Incentives

2008 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Faye Borthick ◽  
Paul L. Bowen
Keyword(s):  
Internal Control ◽  
System Development ◽  
Legacy Code ◽  
Staff Members ◽  
Microsoft Access ◽  
Working Definition ◽  
Sarbanes Oxley ◽  
Controlling System ◽  
Code Migration ◽  
Definition Of

This simulation affords an opportunity for learning to audit system development for an accounting application. The simulation responds to the growing emphasis on controlling system development for complying with the internal control assurance requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (U.S. House of Representatives). Because of the lack of detailed accounting standards for vendor incentives, learners have to construct a working definition of “systematic and rational” allocation of incentives in order to develop audit objectives and procedures. In the simulation, learners (1) develop objectives for auditing the specific project of migration of legacy code for vendor incentives and the system development for a group of projects, (2) design audit procedures to achieve the audit objectives, (3) execute the audit procedures by querying the databases, and (4) communicate objectives, procedures, and results in a report. The simulation is staged with conversations among audit staff members and the company's system development manager, databases containing application test data and program library transactions, and readiness questions. Although the databases are supplied in the form of Microsoft Access® files, the simulation can be worked with any database query tool. The simulation helps learners develop their capabilities for designing audit objectives and procedures for testing system development and for querying databases.

scholarly journals Comparison of the isotope dilution method for determination of the ileal endogenous amino acid losses with labelled diet and labelled pigs

2000 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincent Hess ◽  
Philippe Ganier ◽  
Jean-Noel Thibault ◽  
Bernard Sève
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Isotope Dilution Method ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
First Case ◽  
Endogenous Protein ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Protein Free Diet

The aims of the present study were first to compare the amino acid dilution method performed using labelled animals with that using labelled diets, and second to determine real digestibilities and total ileal endogenous losses of N and amino acids. Two diets containing pea cultivars (Solara and Amino) and a protein-free diet were compared in a 3 × 3 Latin-square experiment. The three pigs were each prepared with an ileo-rectal anastomosis and were continuously infused with [1-13C]leucine. For each cultivar,15N-labelled and unlabelled diets were formulated. The real digestibility and endogenous losses of leucine were higher when obtained by labelling the pig than by labelling the foodstuff. This was due either to the inadequate estimation of the endogenous protein enrichment in the first case or to the importance of dietary N recycling in the second case. However, in both cases the ileal endogenous losses of N and amino acids were higher than the basal losses determined with the protein-free diet. There were significant differences between the two pea cultivars in terms of phenylalanine and leucine when measured with labelled diets. It is suggested that, although ileal endogenous losses may be underestimated, using labelled feedstuffs is of great interest due to the direct estimation of the individual amounts of amino acids.

scholarly journals Ego-zones: non-symmetric dependencies reveal network groups with large and dense overlaps

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Milos Kudelka ◽  
Eliska Ochodkova ◽  
Sarka Zehnalova ◽  
Jakub Plesnik
Keyword(s):  
Network Structure ◽  
Real World ◽  
Ground Truth ◽  
Structural Similarity ◽  
Global Network ◽  
Overlapping Communities ◽  
Detection Algorithms ◽  
First Case ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
The Individual

Abstract The existence of groups of nodes with common characteristics and the relationships between these groups are important factors influencing the structures of social, technological, biological, and other networks. Uncovering such groups and the relationships between them is, therefore, necessary for understanding these structures. Groups can either be found by detection algorithms based solely on structural analysis or identified on the basis of more in-depth knowledge of the processes taking place in networks. In the first case, these are mainly algorithms detecting non-overlapping communities or communities with small overlaps. The latter case is about identifying ground-truth communities, also on the basis of characteristics other than only network structure. Recent research into ground-truth communities shows that in real-world networks, there are nested communities or communities with large and dense overlaps which we are not yet able to detect satisfactorily only on the basis of structural network properties.In our approach, we present a new perspective on the problem of group detection using only the structural properties of networks. Its main contribution is pointing out the existence of large and dense overlaps of detected groups. We use the non-symmetric structural similarity between pairs of nodes, which we refer to as dependency, to detect groups that we call zones. Unlike other approaches, we are able, thanks to non-symmetry, accurately to describe the prominent nodes in the zones which are responsible for large zone overlaps and the reasons why overlaps occur. The individual zones that are detected provide new information associated in particular with the non-symmetric relationships within the group and the roles that individual nodes play in the zone. From the perspective of global network structure, because of the non-symmetric node-to-node relationships, we explore new properties of real-world networks that describe the differences between various types of networks.

The Experimental and Numerical Analysis of Stress as a Tool for Optimizing the Selected Structural Components of an Injection Device

2015 ◽  
Vol 816 ◽  
pp. 482-489
Author(s):  
Peter Sivák ◽  
Oskar Ostertag
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Analysis ◽  
Service Life ◽  
Structural Components ◽  
Injection Device ◽  
Paper Briefly ◽  
Technical Parameters ◽  
Structural Parts ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Important Basis

The improvement of the main monitored technical parameters of the production devices is connected with the optimization of the individual structural components and construction nodes of these devices. Mainly those critical structural nodes of the devices that have a significant impact on the quality of the products manufactured by this device and its service life are studied. This paper briefly presents the results of experimental and numerical analysis of stresses and strains of selected structural components of the injection device, such as the connecting and guiding columns and the adjustable push plate. The relevant analyses of stresses and strains have been connected with the performance of a series of experimental and computer simulations. The results of these simulations then became an important basis for further optimization of selected structural parts of the injection device.

Combustion System Development for the Ramgen Engine

2003 ◽  
Vol 125 (4) ◽  
pp. 885-894 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. W. Kendrick ◽  
B. C. Chenevert ◽  
B. Trueblood ◽  
J. Tonouchi ◽  
S. P. Lawlor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bluff Body ◽  
Fuel Injection ◽  
Combustion Engine ◽  
System Development ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Combustion Efficiency ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Successful Operation ◽  
Injection Methods ◽  
The Individual

The research and development of a unique combustion engine is presented. The engine converts the thrust from ramjet modules located on the rim of a disk into shaft torque, which in turn can be used for electrical power generation or mechanical drive applications. A test program was undertaken that included evaluation of the pre-prototype engine and incorporation of improvements to the thrust modules and supporting systems. Fuel mixing studies with vortex generators and bluff-body flame holders demonstrated the importance of increasing the shear-layer area and spreading angle to augment flame volume. Evaluation of flame-holding configurations (with variable fuel injection methods) concluded that the heat release zone, and therefore combustion efficiency, could be manipulated by judicious selection of bluff-body geometry, and is less influenced by fuel injection distribution. Finally, successful operation of novel fuel and cooling air delivery systems have resolved issues of gas (fuel and air) delivery to the individual rotor segments. The lessons learned from the pre-prototype engine are currently being applied to the development of a 2.8MW engine.

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