scholarly journals Analysis of G+5 Storeys Building With and Without Floating Column

2021 ◽  
Vol 889 (1) ◽  
pp. 012008
Author(s):  
S K Singh ◽  
Sarv Priya ◽  
Mohd Nadeem ◽  
Md Badar Alam
Keyword(s):  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Horizontal Displacement ◽  
Rigid Base ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Functional Requirements ◽  
Structural Behaviour ◽  
Current Period ◽  
Rigid Frame ◽  
Earthquake Load ◽  
Shear Demand

Abstract In current period, several structures are being planned and built with structural complicatedness like building with floating columns on different floors and spaces. The buildings accompanying floating columns are extremely detrimental that is constructed in earthquake-prone regions. The current study analyses and compare the buildings with and without of floating column. The columns which are directly supported by a beam without any rigid base are known as floating columns. Various buildings have been constructed with floating columns in India. Typically, it is required to provide larger spacing between the columns to entertain the requirements of parking or reception lobbies. Some of the functional requirements of a building might be satisfied by providing the floating columns but the structural behaviour of the building changes abruptly. The beams that supported the floating columns require more flexure and shear demand than the surrounding beams. In addition, it leads to stiffness unevenness at a specific joint. Columns are the main structural elements that resist the lateral load in a rigid frame and have the importance in the performance of the building under earthquake load The storey’s stuffiness below the floating column is normally reduced. Therefore, an attempt has been made to analyse the performance of a G+5 storey building with and without floating columns and compare structural parameters such as horizontal displacement, storey drift and storey shear under seismic excitation using (ETABS) Software.

The Dynamic Characteristics of Rigid Frame Single-Rib Arch Bridge

2013 ◽  
Vol 368-370 ◽  
pp. 1426-1430
Author(s):  
Li Xiong Gu ◽  
Rong Hui Wang
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Characteristics ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Dynamic Properties ◽  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Bending Stiffness ◽  
Torsional Stiffness ◽  
Lateral Stiffness ◽  
Arch Bridge ◽  
Vertical Stiffness ◽  
Rigid Frame

In this paper, by establishing the finite element model to study the dynamic characteristics of rigid frame single-rib arch bridge. By respectively changing structural parameters of the span ratios, and the compressive stiffness of arch, and the bending stiffness of arch, and the bending stiffness of bridge girder, and the layout of boom to find out the regularity of the structure on lateral stiffness, and vertical stiffness, and torsional stiffness as well as dynamic properties, it come out the results of that lateral stiffness of the structure is weaker, and increasing the span ratios and the compressive strength of arch are conducive to the improvement of the overall stiffness, and improving the bending strength of arch and layout of boom are less effect on the overall stiffness and mode shape.

scholarly journals Justification of the Rheological Model of Process of Plastic Material Injection by the Rollers

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 101-114
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Szwedziak ◽  
Igor Stadnyk ◽  
Sergey Golyachuk ◽  
Żaneta Grzywacz
Keyword(s):  
Rheological Model ◽  
Plastic Material ◽  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Reduced Viscosity ◽  
Physical Experiments ◽  
Nonlinear Character ◽  
Shearing Deformation ◽  
Working Bodies ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractIt is justified thatproblems related to the changes in structural and mechanical properties of plastic material and influence of structural elements of equipment and modes of implementation of the for-mation process on them are considered detail, taking into account empirical data, theoretical dependencies and results of physical experiments. It was established that during the mechanical influence of rollers with grooves on a structured dispersion plastic material in the node of injection of the molding machine, internal shear, and shearing deformation have a preponderant value. Accordingly, the productivity of machines is determined mainly by the structural parameters of the working bodies geometry, kinematics, and contact area. It is shown that increasing the pressure in the plastic material causes a decrease in its volume, but the relationship between pressure and volume has a nonlinear character. It has been established that regardless the variety of flour from which the plastic material was prepared for bagels, its moisture content and the duration of fermentation reduced viscosity of the effective plastic material along with the increase of the shear stress. The paper describes the refined rheological model of the Bingham body deformation, which develops instantaneously, and the velocity of the common elastic deformation in the dough is a simultaneous function of stresses and temperatures, which are close to exponential ones.

Funktionale Anforderungen und strukturbedingtes Verhalten von Schleppplatten bei integralen Straßenbrücken/Functional requirements and structural behaviour of transition slabs of integral road bridgesPart 1: Design characteristics and influences from the bridge structure on the behaviour of transition slabs

Bauingenieur ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 90 (09) ◽  
pp. 427-435
Author(s):  
Günther Mahlo ◽  
Sven Martin
Keyword(s):  
Bridge Structure ◽  
Functional Requirements ◽  
Structural Behaviour ◽  
Eine Analyse ◽  
Design Characteristics

Bei zwängungsfrei gelagerten Überbauten hatten die Schleppplatten in der jüngeren Vergangenheit ihre ursprüngliche Bedeutung weitestgehend eingebüßt. Sie bilden jedoch gegenwärtig bei den integralen Brücken eine unverzichtbare Komponente der Widerlager. Der erste Teil des Beitrages beinhaltet eine Analyse der strukturellen Konzeption von Schleppplatten. Beispiele ausgeführter Schleppplatten und Entwurfsregeln in verschiedenen Ländern erlauben jedoch nur Rückschlüsse auf die geometrischen Parameter. Aus diesem Grunde gilt die Aufmerksamkeit vor allem den Einwirkungen, die das Gebrauchsverhalten der Schleppplatten beeinflussen. Bei integralen Brücken bilden die zeitabhängigen und temperaturbedingten Tragwerksverformungen eine der Hauptursachen für das Auftreten von Setzungsmulden in der Fahrbahn. Vom Brückentragwerk und den Schleppplatten gehen dabei vielfältige Interaktionen mit dem Baugrund, der Widerlagerhinterfüllung und der Straßenbefestigung aus. In einem folgenden Teil 2 werden die daraus resultierenden Auswirkungen auf das Gebrauchsverhalten der Schleppplatten dargestellt.

scholarly journals Analytical investigation of a three-dimensional FRP-retrofitted reinforced concrete structure's behaviour under earthquake load effect in ANSYS program

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 3701-3707 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Altun ◽  
F. Birdal
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Analytical Data ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Analytical Investigation ◽  
Crack Development ◽  
Model Structure ◽  
Structural Behaviour ◽  
Load Effect ◽  
Laboratory Setup ◽  
Earthquake Load

Abstract. In this study, a 1:3 scaled, three-storey, FRP (Fiber Reinforced Polymer) retrofitted reinforced concrete model structure whose behaviour and crack development were identified experimentally in the laboratory was investigated analytically. Determination of structural behaviour under earthquake load is only possible in a laboratory environment with a specific scale, as carrying out structural experiments is difficult due to the evaluation of increased parameter numbers and because it requires an expensive laboratory setup. In an analytical study, structure was modelled using ANSYS Finite Element Package Program (2007), and its behaviour and crack development were revealed. When experimental difficulties are taken into consideration, analytical investigation of structure behaviour is more economic and much faster. At the end of the study, experimental results of structural behaviour and crack development were compared with analytical data. It was concluded that in a model structure retrofitted with FRP, the behaviour and cracking model can be determined without testing by determining the reasons for the points where analytical results are not converged with experimental data. Better understanding of structural behaviour is analytically enabled with the study.

scholarly journals A predator-prey optimization for structural health monitoring problems

2019 ◽  
Vol 281 ◽  
pp. 01004
Author(s):  
Christelle Geara ◽  
Rafic Faddoul ◽  
Alaa Chateauneuf ◽  
Wassim Raphaël
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Algorithm ◽  
Structural Health Monitoring ◽  
Health Monitoring ◽  
Mechanical Model ◽  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Bayesian Updating ◽  
Frame Structure ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Predator Prey ◽  
Concrete Frame

Monitoring a structure using permanent sensors has been one of the most interesting topics, especially with the increase of the number of aging structures. Such a technique requires the implementation of sensors on a structure to predict the condition states of the structural elements. However, due to the costs of sensors, one must judiciously install few sensors at some defined locations in order to maximize the probability of detecting potential damages. In this paper, we propose a methodology based on a genetic algorithm of type predator-prey with a Bayesian updating of the structural parameters, to optimize the number and location of the sensors to be placed. This methodology takes into consideration all uncertainties related to the degradation of the elements, the mechanical model and the accuracy of sensors. Starting with two initial populations representing the damages (prey) and the sensors (predator), the genetic algorithm evolves both populations in order to converge towards the optimal configuration of sensors, in terms of number and location. The proposed methodology is illustrated by a two-story concrete frame structure.

scholarly journals PERBAIKAN DAN PERKUATAN BANGUNAN SEDERHANA AKIBAT GEMPA

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bambang Hadibroto ◽  
Sahala Ronitua
Keyword(s):  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Repair Work ◽  
Final Project ◽  
Roof Structure ◽  
Earthquake Load ◽  
Column Joint ◽  
Materials Used ◽  
Building Engineering

Bangunan yang sering rusak apabila gempa bumi terjadi adalah bangunan sederhana atau bangunan non-engineering. Bangunan non-engineered adalah bangunan yang umumnya merupakan bangunan penduduk, rumah tinggal, dan lain-lain yang kebanyakan didirikan oleh masyarakat biasa tanpa bantuan ahli struktur. Telah banyak bangunan yang rusak akibat gempa, Sehingga  sangat dibutuhkan pengembangan metode perbaikan dan perkuatan struktur bangunan untuk memperbaiki dan memperkuat bangunan yang rusak akibat gempa. Titik-titik lemah bangunan yang merupakan titik-titik kegagalan bangunan akibat beban gempa, antara lain : join fondasi-kolom, join balok-kolom, dinding pasangan dan sistem struktur atap. Dibutuhkan perbaikan pada elemen-elemen tersebut untuk mengembalikan fungsinya seperti semula serta elemen-elemen tersebut sangat membutuhkan perkuatan sebelum terjadi gempa serta pendetailan penulangan yang akurat. Perbaikan dan perkuatan elemen struktur bangunan yang telah dikembangkan antara lain : perbaikan dinding retak dengan  metode  plesteran yang diperkuat  kawat, melapisi elemen struktur bangunan dengan lapisan beton baru, penambahan tulangan dan lapisan beton pada elemen balok, kolom dan pelat, pembuatan jangkar pada setiap 6 lapis bata dan pembuatan kolom praktis pada dinding roboh serta perbaikan dan perkuatan pada rangka atap dan plafon. Material yang digunakan dalam pelaksanaan pekerjaan perbaikan dan perkuatan bangunan sederhana akibat gempa adalah beton, baja tulangan, batu bata, bahan kimia (epoxy) untuk mempercepat proses pekerjaan serta bahan-bahan umum lainnya yang sering dijumpai dalam pelaksanaan pekerjaan kontruksi Kata Kunci : Bangunan Sederhana (Non-Engineering), Perkuatan, Perbaikan  ABSTRACT Buildings are often damaged when the earthquake occurred is a simple building or non- building engineering . Non - engineered buildings are buildings that generally are residential buildings, houses, and others are mostly established by ordinary people without the help of expert structures. Final Project is made using the method of literature study , by collecting data from a variety of books , sources and journals related to the repair and retrofitting of buildings is simple due to the earthquak . Has many buildings damaged by the earthquake , so that the much needed development of repair methods and retrofitting structures to improve and strengthen the buildings damaged by the earthquake . Weak points of the building which is the failure points of the building due to earthquake load , among others : the join - column foundation , beam - column joint , and systems partner walls roof structure. Needed improvements to these elements to restore its original function as well as those elements in desperate need before the earthquake retrofitting and reinforcement detailing accurate . Repair and strengthening of structural elements of the building that have been developed include : repair cracked wall plaster reinforced with wire method , coating the structural elements of the building with a new layer of concrete ,reinforcement and the addition of a layer of concrete on the elements of beams, columns and plates , on the manufacture of each 6 -layer anchor brick and manufacture practical columns on the walls collapsed and the repair and reinforcement on the roof frame and the ceiling. Materials used in the execution of repair work and simple retrofitting buildings caused by the earthquake is concrete , reinforcing steel , bricks , chemicals ( epoxy ) to speed up the work process as well as other common ingredients that are often encountered in the implementation of the construction works.Keywords: building a simple (non - engineering), Rretrofitting, Repair

scholarly journals Flexible Theoretical Calculation of Loop Length and Area Density of Weft-Knitted Structures: Part II

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (17) ◽  
pp. 4988
Author(s):  
Edgaras Arbataitis ◽  
Daiva Mikucioniene ◽  
Tetiana Ielina ◽  
Liudmyla Halavska
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Calculation ◽  
Average Length ◽  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Main Idea ◽  
Geometrical Model ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Great Flexibility ◽  
Knitted Fabrics ◽  
Length And Area ◽  
Protective Textiles

A simple and flexible method for theoretical calculation of the main structural parameters of various weft-knitted fancy and combined patterns is presented in this article. It is especially important for patterns containing different elements, such as loops, floats of different lengths, tucks, and tuck stitches. Measurement of an actual average length of the loop in these fabrics is complicated because it is necessary to disassemble precisely one pattern repeat to measure the yarn length and divide it by the number of elements in this pattern repeat. For large and complex pattern repeats, this is difficult and usually gives a high number of errors. It is very important to have lengths of structural elements as it helps to predict the main physical properties of knitted fabrics and their mechanical behaviour, which is especially important for protective textiles. The main idea of the proposed method, based on Čiukas geometrical model, is to calculate lengths of various structural elements or even their parts separately, taking into account the number of needle bars and their formation principle, which gives great flexibility to such modelling. The proposed theoretical formulas can be used for various patterned weft-knitted structures containing not only loops but tucks, floats of different lengths, or additional yarns; they give very few errors in empirical calculations and are easy to use.

scholarly journals Circular hollow section connectors in timber-concrete composite structural elements

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-76
Author(s):  
Raitis Lacis
Keyword(s):  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Failure Mechanisms ◽  
Shear Capacity ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Hollow Section ◽  
Pedestrian Bridges ◽  
Waterproofing Membrane ◽  
Circular Hollow Section ◽  
Ultimate Shear Capacity ◽  
Push Out

This paper presents results of the laboratory tests of timber-concrete structural connectors applicable (but not limited to) road/pedestrian bridges. The tested elements are discrete circular hollow section connectors installed in the pre-drilled slots of a glulam. Symmetrical push-out tests are conducted for two groups of connectors: 1) with wood core not removed; no interlayer between wood and concrete; 2) concrete in-fill core instead of the wood core; waterproofing membrane interlayer between concrete and timber elements. Main structural parameters of the connectors are established including ultimate shear capacity and slip modulus. Relationship between the connector’s stiffness and ultimate shear capacity is established and failure mechanisms are briefly discussed.

Towards Sustainable Timber Construction Through the Application of Wood-Wood Connections

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Weinand
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Methods ◽  
Free Form ◽  
Assembly Process ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Structural Behaviour ◽  
Timber Construction ◽  
Depth Study ◽  
Environmental Requirements ◽  
Ancient Wood ◽  
Simple Assembly

<p>This paper introduces a series of sustainable timber construction using wood-wood connections, which are driven from environmental requirements. These constructions are based on geometries like origami and free-form instead of standard structural elements. In addition, to predict the structural behaviour, the simplified numerical methods for accurately modelling are used. The aim of these case studies is to better explore the value of wood-wood connections as inheritance of ancient culture and extend research on their integration into design processes. Through the design, manufacturing and assembly stage, the connections are investigated as a driver for architectural forms. The utilisation of these innovative connections with minimised metal connectors ensures the rapid, precise and simple assembly process. With in-depth study and innovation of the ancient wood-wood connections, experience in prefabricated timber structure not only offers new geometrical opportunities, but also expands the understanding of integration of ancient and modern cultures.</p>

ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF MULTI-STOREY STEEL STRUCTURES ACCORDING TO DIFFERENT METHODS IN 2018 EARTHQUAKE REGULATIONS

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (15) ◽  
pp. 0-0
Author(s):  
Fahım Ahmad NOWBAHARI ◽  
Elif AĞCAKOCA
Keyword(s):  
Steel Structure ◽  
Steel Structures ◽  
Horizontal Displacement ◽  
Combination Method ◽  
Seismic Load ◽  
Earthquake Loads ◽  
Analysis And Design ◽  
Earthquake Load ◽  
Earthquake Faults ◽  
Earthquake Zone

Earthquake loads are the biggest obstacle to the design of multi-storey and irregular structures in countries located in the earthquake zone and with active earthquake faults. It is a dangerous natural disaster that can result in loss of life and property depending on the intensity of the earthquake. It is important to use comprehensive and up-to-date standards and regulations for the calculation of earthquake loads. In this study, considering TBDY-2018, dynamic behavior of multi-storey steel structure with irregularity called A1 Torsional Irregularity has been investigated. For seismic load calculations, mode combination method and equivalent earthquake load method, which are linear analysis methods, were used. In a 10-storey steel structure, central inverted V braces were used and the positions of these braces were changed and a total of 4 models were produced. Structural analyzes were made using the "Etabs" program. Then, the results obtained in the two methods used were compared, and in the structural analysis of the models used, it was seen that the internal forces and displacements gave greater results when the calculations were made with the Equivalent Earthquake Load Method. In addition, it has been stated that the torsional irregularity coefficient of the structure is effective in the horizontal displacement of the structure.

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