scholarly journals Community governance in rural villager resettlement neighborhoods in China: rural-urban divide, civic engagement, and state control

2021 ◽  
Vol 892 (1) ◽  
pp. 012001
Author(s):  
Zhu Qian ◽  
Shuping Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Civic Engagement ◽  
Resource Sharing ◽  
Information Exchange ◽  
State Control ◽  
Rural Land ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Community Governance ◽  
Strategic Networks ◽  
Key Informant ◽  
The Stability

Abstract In China, to meet the demand of expansive urbanization, the state expropriates rural land from village collectives and offers resettlement arrangement to landless villagers. The aim of this study is to advance our understanding of the community governance in government-designated resettlement neighborhoods in Chinese cities. By employing participatory observations and key informant interviews with community association staff and resettled villagers in four neighborhoods in Shanghai, this research documents and evaluates an emerging multi-scalar civic coalition formed to maximize the capacity of community governance. The study finds that the new collation is maintained through strategic networks, information exchange, resource sharing, and reciprocal collaborations. Critiques of the regime spotlight its three shortfalls: the conflicts among regime partners which threatens the stability of the coalition; the justice issue behind differentiated standards that creates divides among community members; and the lack of citizen connection and support that questions the resilience of the regime.

New Features Section

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Lokie
Keyword(s):  
Civic Engagement ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Staff Members ◽  
Scholarly Publications

The eJournal is excited to provide a new FEATURES SECTION. Along with our primary purpose for scholarly publications, we want to offer an opportunity for students and community members, along with facility and staff members to share their projects, experience, and events involving civic engagement. In particular we are looking for informative contributions in the form of videos, photo essays, and other formats of media/ multimedia submissions. This includes community members and educational institutions. This section is not intended to promote or advertise an individual, intuition, or business, but rather to support and promote a cause, event, or project that articulates efforts for civic engagement.

scholarly journals Maternal Vaccination in Uganda: Exploring Pregnant Women, Community Leaders and Healthcare Workers’ Perceptions

Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 552
Author(s):  
Phiona Nalubega ◽  
Emilie Karafillakis ◽  
Lydia Atuhaire ◽  
Pamela Akite ◽  
Flavia Zalwango ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Community Leaders ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Maternal Vaccination ◽  
Key Informant ◽  
Maternal Immunisation ◽  
The Government

Background: We investigated pregnant women, community leaders, healthcare workers (HCWs) and programme managers’ perceptions of maternal vaccination in Kampala, Uganda. Methods: We conducted focus group discussions, key informant interviews and in-depth discussions with HCWs (3), community leaders (3), pregnant women (8) and programme managers (10) between November 2019 and October 2020. Data were analysed thematically. Results: Pregnant women, community leaders and some HCWs had limited maternal immunisation knowledge. There was confusion over what constitutes a vaccine. Pregnant women may not receive vaccines because of mistrust of government; use of expired vaccines; reliance on traditional medicine; religious beliefs; fear of side effects; HCWs attitudes; and logistical issues. The key facilitators of maternal vaccination were a desire to prevent diseases, positive influences from HCWs and information about vaccine side effects. Community leaders and some pregnant women highlighted that pregnant women do not make decisions about maternal vaccination independently and are influenced by different individuals, including other pregnant women, older people, partners, relatives (parents), community leaders, HCWs and the government. Conclusions: Our results indicate that public health messaging should target all community members, including partners and parents of pregnant women as well as HCWs, to improve knowledge of and confidence in maternal vaccines.

scholarly journals Nonprofits and the Promotion of Civic Engagement: A Conceptual Framework for Understanding the "Civic Footprint" of Nonprofits within Local Communities

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Micheal L. Shier ◽  
Lindsey McDougle ◽  
Femida Handy
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Civic Engagement ◽  
Nonprofit Organizations ◽  
Rural Community ◽  
Community Education ◽  
The United States ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Education And Awareness

ABSTRACT   The literature suggests that nonprofit organizations provide civic benefits by promoting engagement within local communities. However, there exists minimal empirical evidence describing the ways in which nonprofits actually undertake this role. In order to address this omission, we conducted interviews with personnel of nonprofit organizations in one rural community in the United States. Our preliminary findings indicate that nonprofit organizations promote civic engagement through programs and activities that: 1) engage volunteers and donors; 2) bring community members together; 3) collaborate with organizations within and beyond the community; and 4) promote community education and awareness. Together, these findings help to develop a working model to understand the civic footprint of nonprofit organizations with methodological implications for future research that would seek to measure the extent to which nonprofits promote civic engagement. Il est normal de supposer que les associations à but non lucratif favorisent l’engagement du citoyen dans les communautés locales. Cependant, il existe peu de données empiriques sur la manière dont ces associations assument véritablement ce rôle. Pour combler ce manque, nous avons mené des entretiens semi-directifs approfondis auprès du personnel d’associations à but non lucratif dans une petite communauté rurale aux États-Unis. Nos résultats préliminaires indiquent que ces associations motivent les citoyens à s’impliquer quand elles offrent des programmes et des activités qui : 1) intéressent les bénévoles et les donateurs; 2) rassemblent directement ou indirectement les membres de la communauté; 3) collaborent avec d’autres associations tant au sein de la communauté qu’au-delà de celle-ci; et 4) encouragent l’éducation et la conscientisation communautaires. Ces constats aident à établir un modèle pour mieux comprendre la présence civique des associations à but non lucratif dans les communautés et indiquent une piste à suivre pour des recherches futures qui examineraient l’influence de ces associations sur le niveau de participation civique.

scholarly journals The Impact of Supply Chain Partnership on Firm Performance: an Empirical Study Based on Listed Manufacturing Companies in China

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 22-38
Author(s):  
Panxin Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Firm Performance ◽  
Transaction Costs ◽  
Resource Sharing ◽  
Information Exchange ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Manufacturing Companies ◽  
Additional Test ◽  
Global Business ◽  
The Impact

Today, Supply Chain Management (SCM) is regarded as an essential strategic factor, which has a great deal of influence on earning competitiveness in global business environment. There are conflicts among all members of the SCM. In order to maximize the total profit of the SCM, negotiation among all members is necessary. For enterprise in the supply chain, the supply chain partnership has become a significant factor affecting firm performance. In this paper, I examine the impact of cooperation between enterprise and its supply chain partners. Specifically, I collect survey data from Chinese manufacturing firms about their relations with partners and use regression analysis to test hypotheses about the associations between firm performance and supply chain partnership. My results support that superior supplier partnership has a positive impact on reducing transaction costs and improving financial and market performance. In additional test, I establish a series of models with interactive terms. The results of additional test indicate that the impact is enhanced if the competition of each sub industry of the manufacturing industry is different. Above all, I put forward the following suggestions. Enterprise managers could establish an evaluation mechanism of suppliers and retailers, which select high-quality cooperative partners and reduce low-quality transaction costs for enterprises. When participating in business operation, shareholders could comprehensively understand the business conditions of various supply partners and choose reliable supply chain partners for investment. Also, the government can guide the realization of resource sharing and information exchange among supply chain enterprises, which is beneficial to create a more competitive supply chain to promote economic development.

Metamodeling-Based Performance Analysis for Digital Power Plant

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dengji Zhou ◽  
Tingting Wei ◽  
Shixi Ma ◽  
Huisheng Zhang ◽  
Di Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Performance Analysis ◽  
Modeling And Simulation ◽  
Resource Sharing ◽  
Information Exchange ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
System Modeling ◽  
Simulation Platform ◽  
Whole Life Cycle ◽  
The Relationship

Digital power plant is the theory and method to improve the operating quality of power plant by quantifying, analyzing, controlling and deciding the physical and working objects of power plants in the whole life cycle. Signals and management information of power plants will be digitized, so as to realize information exchange reliably and accurately and large-scale distributed resource sharing based on the network technology. Then optimization decisions and scientific guidance for plant operation will be proposed by intelligent expert system based on the digital resources. Therefore, the foundation of digital power plant is system modeling and performance analysis. However, there are some problems in the process of the modeling performance analysis of digital power plant. For instance, each unit of the system model has different dimensions and different type of mathematical description, and the data or information used for modeling are defined differently and belong to different enterprises, who do not want to share their information. Metamodeling is potential to solve these problems. It defines the specification to describe a unit and the relationship between different elements. Compared with traditional modeling methodologies for thermal systems, metamodeling makes the model more standardized, and the relationship of the model elements is more explicit and better understood by the co-simulation partners. In this paper, the collaborative modeling and simulation platform for digital power plant has been established based on the metamodeling method and the performance of the target plant has been analyzed from different aspects via field data. The metamodeling method consists of three parts: syntax definition, model development and algorithm definition. The result shows that the collaborate modeling and simulation platform can be used to reduce costs, decrease equipment failure rate, and improve plant output, so as to guarantee the safety and increase economics.

Surveying the Lands of Republican Indígenas: Contentious Nineteenth-Century Efforts to Abolish Indigenous Resguardos near Bogotá, Colombia

2019 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 771-799 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lina del Castillo
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Indigenous Communities ◽  
Indigenous Community ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Community Governance ◽  
New Granada ◽  
National Capital ◽  
Communal Lands ◽  
Early Republican ◽  
Political Spectrum

AbstractNineteenth-century republicans across the political spectrum agreed: the Spanish monarchy produced ‘miserable Indians’. Abolishing tribute and privatising communal lands, known as resguardos in New Granada (roughly today's Panama and Colombia), would transform that wretched class into equal citizens. Drawing on late eighteenth-century privatisation efforts by the Spanish Crown, early republican leaders in Gran Colombia inaugurated an era seeking equal access to wealth from communal land for all indigenous community members. After Gran Colombia (the first Colombian Republic, 1819–30) dissolved into New Granada, Ecuador and Venezuela in 1830, New Granada's experiments with indigenous resguardo policies went further. By then, legislative efforts considered the needs of all resguardo members, including unmarried mothers and their illegitimate children. Complex laws, diverse ecological terrain and nuanced social realities required well-trained surveyors to ensure each eligible indigenous family received a fair share of land. Whereas indigenous communities in Pasto, Santa Marta and the Cauca river valley resorted to armed insurrection against liberal policies through the War of the Supremes (1839–42), those in the highlands near Bogotá did not. Instead, these republican indígenas – with their greater access to the levers of power housed in the national capital – chose to engage in the reforms of a decentralising state. This article reveals how contentious experiments seeking republican equality within indigenous resguardos as a path towards abolishing the institution were consistently stymied by efforts to ensure that indigenous community governance and communal landholding remained intact.

scholarly journals Optimal ratio of cash and non-cash payments

2014 ◽  
pp. 114-126
Author(s):  
G. S. Panova
Keyword(s):  
Information Exchange ◽  
Public Information ◽  
Scientific Basis ◽  
Present Condition ◽  
Information Transparency ◽  
Optimal Ratio ◽  
Money Flows ◽  
Aggregate Turnover ◽  
Basic Approaches ◽  
The Stability

Analysis of the present condition and prospects of development of the monetary sector of the Russian economy. Quantitative parameters of aggregate turnover, including the value of cash and non-cash it. Researched issues restricting cash advance industry in Russia and other countries; the problems encountered by foreign States in imposing administrative limits on cash payments; provides specific recommendations and identified risks imposing such restrictions in Russia. The article deals with topical issues of optimization of structure of aggregate turnover. Analyzing the development of money turnover, the role and the place of cash in the economy, the author explored the basic approaches to the determination and regulation of money turnover, proposed a new approach to ensure transparency in money flows. Particularly promising cash flow optimization are: a) measures aimed at improving the cash turnover (including maintaining the stability of the national currency, improving the procedures for issuing and withdrawing money from circulation, determine the optimal structure of monetary aggregates, etc.) and b) development of cashless money turnover. The author's position is presented on the future of the scientific basis and practical realization of the optimal ratio of cash and cashless money turnover in Russia and other countries. In particular, felt the need to increase information transparency, openness international information exchange in order to improve monetary policy by countries at the national and international level. To develop common approaches (models) of the analysis and forecasting of financial markets, as well as the establishment of an international coordination centre responsible for the collection, verification and access to public information databases for the cross-country studies of banking and financial and monetary sphere.

scholarly journals Application of Advanced Framework Technology in Smart Cities to Improve Resource Utilization

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai-Chun Chu ◽  
Kuo-Chi Chang ◽  
Hsiao-Chuan Wang ◽  
Fu-Hsiang Chang ◽  
Yuh-Chung Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resource Sharing ◽  
Information Exchange ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Environmental Communication ◽  
Calculation Model ◽  
Handheld Devices ◽  
Technical Solution ◽  
Operation Performance ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
And Control

Nowadays, the application technology and demand are growth; there have been millions of solutions for user communication in smart cities. However, the quality of the autonomy of handheld devices and the information exchange of applications are functions of requesting services or participating in communications. Therefore, it is very difficult and tedious to implement resource management and control in such an environment. This study here proposes distributed cyber-physical systems (CPS) for agent-based middleware framework (AMF) using to achieve technology, thereby improving the reliability of environmental communication in smart cities. The technical solution has the characteristics of avoiding the problem of data source interruption because of the proxy technology of the linear calculation model. The aforementioned agents are independent and autonomous of each other in terms of providing seamless resource sharing and response scheduling, and have nothing to do with communication time and request queries. In this study, the architecture mainly uses the best linear calculation model to classify overlapping agents, and then allocates non-overlapping resources, and finally analyzes the overall architecture operation performance by responding to processed queries, storage utilization and resource usage, pause time and response.

scholarly journals Community Perception about Children with Hydrocephalus in Lagos State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 147-164
Author(s):  
Mistura A. Bakare
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Education ◽  
Health Belief ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Medical Attention ◽  
Community Perception ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Key Informant ◽  
Belief Model ◽  
Depth Interviews

This study which was anchored in Health Belief Model and Functionalism investigated the perceived cause of hydrocephalus and the influence of socio-demographic characteristics on such perception. Data were collected through questionnaire survey, Focus group discussions (FDGs), In-depth Interviews (IDIs) and Key Informant Interviews (KIIs). Results indicate that perception about the cause of the condition included that it is a kind of punishment for sin (50%), spiritual attacks (27.3%), genetic (13.7%) and infection (9%). Community perception was higher especially with respondents age 42-47 (OR=1.32), female (OR=1.47), tertiary education (OR=0.69), punishment for sin (OR=0.61), spiritual attacks (OR=0.26) and infection (OR=0.48) than genetic factor. Community belief that hydrocephalus does not require medical attention negatively affected seeking medical help early. Other limiting factors were fear of surgical complications, inability of mothers to take responsibility; poor family social supports system and stigmatisation. There is need for stakeholders and agencies to enlighten community members on hydrocephalus and provide social support for children with the condition.

scholarly journals Create an Information Exchange Platform for the Mandarin Library: The Management Strategy of E-paper of SLIS Program Leadership Team

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carol W. D. Huang ◽  
Gilbert Jian-ming Wang
Keyword(s):  
Information Exchange ◽  
School Libraries ◽  
Leadership Team ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Digital Networks ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Knowledge Database ◽  
Library Community ◽  
Program Leadership ◽  
Set Up

In contrast with certain well developed areas in the world, the operating conditions of the senior high school libraries in the Chinese world still has much to improve. One of the feasible ways to strengthen cooperation is via digital networks, namely the e-papers, by incorporating both information and opinions marketplace. To enhance the cooperation functions among communities, resolve the insufficient professional knowledge among community operators issue, and improve overall service quality, the SLIS Program Leadership Team has issued an e-paper. Also, from the viewpoint of knowledge management, it has set up a homepage based community knowledge database for the e-paper. Furthermore, with a mutually-shared mind by initially providing it to the entire Chinese community for reference, with more and more library community members participate, consequently the goal is forming, that is, Make Chinese World the Exchange Platform. Finally, this report will cover four sections as: the e-paper’s media functions, problems faced in Taiwan, solutions and strategies based on the experience of Lo-tung Senior School, and suggestions for further studies.

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