scholarly journals Effect of Adding Octacosanol, Oils of Wheat Germ, and Rice to The Diet on Sexual Maturity, Fertility, Hatching and Reproductive System Weight of Quail

2021 ◽  
Vol 910 (1) ◽  
pp. 012094
Author(s):  
Ali Q. Jalil ◽  
Ahmed A. Allaw
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Maturity ◽  
Wheat Germ ◽  
Relative Weight ◽  
Fertility Rate ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Wheat Germ Oil ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Experimental Treatments ◽  
Rice Oil

Abstract This research was conducted to study the effect of adding different percentages of octacosanol (OC), wheat germ oil (WGO), and rice oil (RO) to the ration as an indicator of fertility and hatching of quail birds. Two hundred and eighty-eight quails were used in this study, aged 45 days, and distributed into 24 cages, each cage contained 12 birds (9 females/3 males) for three months. Quail birds were fed production ration. Treatments were added according to the following six treatments: (T1) as a control treatment without any addition, (T2) adding 15 mg octacosanol/kg feedstuff, (T3) adding 20 mg octacosanol/kg feedstuff, (T4) adding 25 mg octacosanol/kg feedstuff, (T5) adding 5 ml of wheat germ oil/kg feedstuff, (T6) adding 5 ml of rice oil/kg feedstuff. After the flock production exceeded 50% and the production of the herd stabilized, 300 eggs were randomly taken from all treatments (50 eggs/treatment) and inserted into an incubator for hatching. Age at sexual maturity, production of 25 and 50%, fertility rate, hatching ratio, The relative weight of the ovaries, egg ducts, and yolk weight were measured in this study. Results found a significant increase (P≤0.05) in the fertility rate for all treatments, but not T3, compared to the control group. Also, the hatchability rate of two ratios of hatching (total eggs and hatching from fertilized eggs) showed a significant increase in T4 compared to other treatments groups. In addition, results showed a significant increase in the relative weight of the second and third yolks for T4 compared to the control group. However, no significant differences showed between all of the experimental treatments in age at sexual maturity and production of 25 and 50% for quail eggs, ovarian weight, oviduct weights, and the relative weight of the first yolk.

scholarly journals "Effect of adding Octacosanol, wheat germ oil and rice oil to the diet on the biochemical characteristics of quail blood"

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Q. Jalil ◽  
Ahmed A. Allaw
Keyword(s):  
Total Protein ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Wheat Germ ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Wheat Germ Oil ◽  
Biochemical Characteristics ◽  
The Third ◽  
Experimental Treatments ◽  
Significant Superiority ◽  
Rice Oil

"This study was conducted in the poultry field of the Department of Animal Production of the College of Agriculture at the University of Tikrit to study the effect of adding different percentages of octacosanol, wheat germ oil and rice oil to the diet on the biochemical characteristics of quail at the end of the beginning egg production stage of egg production exceeding 50% at the age of 45 days and continued For three production periods (90 days) at the age of 135 days, 360 birds of the age of one day were used, and they were distributed randomly into six experimental treatments, by 60 chicks for one treatment that included four replications (15 chicks / replicate), and the fodder was provided to the birds distributed in 6 transactions as follows: The first treatment T1 represented a control treatment without any addition, the second treatment T2 plus 15 mg octacosanol/kg feed, the third treatment T3 plus 20 mg octacosanol/kg feed, the fourth treatment T4 plus 25 mg octacosanol/kg feed, the fifth treatment T5 To which 5 ml of wheat germ oil/kg of feed was added, and the sixth treatment T6 was added to 5 ml of rice oil/kg of feed. The level of total protein, albumin, globulin, triglycerides, cholesterol, and acid was measured. Uric, glucose, AST and ALT enzymes. The results showed a significant superiority (P≤0.05) for the third, fourth and sixth treatments in the level of total protein for males, and the third treatment recorded a significant superiority in the level of albumin, and for globulin, all experiment treatments outperformed the second and control treatments, while for females, all experiment treatments outperformed the treatment. Control in the concentration of total protein and globulin, on the other hand, triglycerides, cholesterol, uric acid and glucose were significantly decreased in all treatments of the experiment and for both sexes compared to the control treatment.

scholarly journals Effects of Octacosanol, Wheat Germ Oil and Rice Oil Supplementation on Egg Quality Traits of Laying Quail

2021 ◽  
Vol 910 (1) ◽  
pp. 012095
Author(s):  
Ali Q. Jalil ◽  
Esra S. Hamid ◽  
Ahmed A. Allaw
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Germ ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
Shape Index ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Quality Traits ◽  
Wheat Germ Oil ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Laying Quail ◽  
Rice Oil

Abstract The study was carried out in the poultry field of the Animal Production Department of the Faculty of Agriculture at Tikrit University. The current study aimed to estimate the effects of adding different percentages of octacosanol, wheat germ oil and rice oil to the ration on egg quality traits. 96 laying quail (age 45 days), were used and divided into six treatments were included: adding the octacosanol/kg feedstuff (T1 without adding, T2=15 mg, T3=20 mg, T4=25 mg), (T5) was adding 5 ml of wheat germ oil/kg feedstuff and (T6) wasadding 5 ml of rice oil/kg feedstuff, which each treatment included four replicates. It used three female quails for each one male, during 90 days at the age of 16 weeks. The results showed the following: no significant effect (P<0.05) of dietary octacosanol, wheat germ oil and rice oil supplementation which was recorded on relative weights of shell, yolk and albumen, and shell thickness also yolk color, egg shape index, albumen index, yolk index, egg quality of laying quail. However, there was a significant increase (P<0.05) in hough unit for the two treatments that it included octacosanol powder (20 and 25 mg) compared to the control treatment, However, there was no significant difference between the addition treatments.

scholarly journals Effects of Rocket Seed Oil, Wheat Germ Oil, and Their Mixture on Growth Performance, Feed Utilization, Digestibility, Redox Status, and Meat Fatty Acid Profile of Growing Rabbits

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 662
Author(s):  
Sabrin Abdelrahman Morshedy ◽  
Ahmed M. Abdelmodather ◽  
Mohamed M. Basyony ◽  
Soliman A. Zahran ◽  
Mohamed A. Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Wheat Germ ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Feed Utilization ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Wheat Germ Oil

Vegetable oils are a source of natural antioxidants, including tocopherols, sterols, phenolic compounds, coenzymes, and polyunsaturated fatty acids that provide nutritional value, organoleptic properties, and significantly delay or prevent lipid oxidation. Eighty-four V-line rabbits at 5 weeks of age with an initial body weight (BW) of 535.60 ± 13.48 g were assigned randomly to four experimental groups (seven replicates in each group with three rabbits each). The first group served as a control and received 0.3 mL/kg BW of distilled water (CON), while the second and third groups received 0.3 mL/kg BW of rocket seed oil (RSO) and wheat germ oil (WGO), respectively. The fourth group received a mixture of oils consisting of 0.15 mL of RSO and 0.15 mL of WGO/kg BW (MOs). The experiment lasted 7 weeks. The study investigated the effects of RSO, WGO, and their mixture on growth performance, feed utilization, antioxidant status, and immune response of growing rabbits. The results indicated that the rabbits that were administered orally with RSO and WGO or their mixture had higher (p ≤ 0.05) final BW, weight gain, and average daily gain when compared to the control group. In addition, the feed conversion ratio improved significantly with RSO, WGO, and MOs treatments. Different oil treatments improved nutrient digestibility, nutritive value, and nitrogen balance. Moreover, the rabbits that received RSO, WGO, and their mixture had an improvement the meat fatty acid composition compared to the control rabbits. Oral administration of RSO, WGO, and their mixture significantly improved serum protein fractions, decreased blood urea nitrogen, and had a positive effect on serum total lipids, HDL-c, and LDL-c. Furthermore, the treatments of RSO, WGO, and MOs had a significant improvement in the antioxidative status and immune response.

Adaptive timing of detachment in a tick parasitizing hole-nesting birds

Parasitology ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 139 (2) ◽  
pp. 264-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. WHITE ◽  
D. J. A. HEYLEN ◽  
E. MATTHYSEN
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Treatment ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Suitable Habitat ◽  
Nest Boxes ◽  
Tree Holes ◽  
Ixodes Arboricola ◽  
Experimental Treatments ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Engorgement Weight

SUMMARYIn non-permanent parasites with low intrinsic mobility such as ticks, dispersal is highly dependent on host movements as well as the timing of separation from the hosts. Optimal detachment behaviour is all the more crucial in nidicolous ticks as the risk of detaching in non-suitable habitat is high. In this study, we experimentally investigated the detachment behaviour of Ixodes arboricola, a nidicolous tick that primarily infests birds roosting in tree-holes. We infested great tits with I. arboricola larvae or nymphs, and submitted the birds to 2 experimental treatments, a control treatment in which birds had normal access to nest boxes and an experimental treatment, in which the birds were prevented access to their nest boxes for varying lengths of time. In the control group, most ticks detached within 5 days, whereas in the experimental group, ticks remained on the bird for as long as the bird was prevented access (up to 14 days). This prolonged attachment caused a decrease in survival and engorgement weight in nymphs, but not in larvae. The capacity of I. arboricola larvae to extend the duration of attachment in non-suitable environments with no apparent costs, may be an adaptation to unpredictable use of cavities by roosting hosts during winter, and at the same time may facilitate dispersal of the larval instars.

Recovery of trout myocardial function following anoxia: preconditioning in a non-mammalian model

2001 ◽  
Vol 281 (6) ◽  
pp. R1755-R1763 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. K. Gamperl ◽  
A. E. Todgham ◽  
W. S. Parkhouse ◽  
R. Dill ◽  
A. P. Farrell
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Dysfunction ◽  
Myocardial Damage ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Output Pressure ◽  
Exogenous Glucose ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Ischemic Episode ◽  
Heart Preparation ◽  
Experimental Treatments

Studies with mammals and birds clearly demonstrate that brief preexposure to oxygen deprivation can protect the myocardium from damage normally associated with a subsequent prolonged hypoxic/ischemic episode. However, is not known whether this potent mechanism of myocardial protection, termed preconditioning, exists in other vertebrates including fishes. In this study, we used an in situ trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss) working heart preparation at 10°C to examine whether prior exposure to 5 min of anoxia (Po 2 ≤ 5 mmHg) could reduce or eliminate the myocardial dysfunction that normally follows 15 min of anoxic exposure. Hearts were exposed either to a control treatment (oxygenated perfusion) or to one of three anoxic treatments: 1) anoxia with low Pout [15 min of anoxia at an output pressure (Pout) of 10 cmH2O]; 2) anoxia with high Pout [10 min of anoxia at a Pout of 10 cmH2O, followed by 5 min of anoxia at Pout = 50 cmH2O]; and 3) preconditioning [5 min of anoxia at Pout = 10 cmH2O, followed after 20 min of oxygenated perfusion by the protocol described for the anoxia with high Pout group]. Changes in maximum cardiac function, measured before and after anoxic exposure, were used to assess myocardial damage. Maximum cardiac performance of the control group was unaffected by the experimental protocol, whereas 15 min of anoxia at low Pout decreased maximum stroke volume (Vs max) by 15% and maximum cardiac output (Q˙max) by 23%. When the anoxic workload was increased by raising Pout to 50 cmH2O, these parameters were decreased further (by 23 and 38%, respectively). Preconditioning with anoxia completely prevented the reductions in Vs max and Q˙max that were observed in the anoxia with high Pout group and any anoxia-related increases in the input pressure (Pin) required to maintain resting Q˙ (16 ml · min−1 · kg−1). Myocardial levels of glycogen and lactate were not affected by any of the experimental treatments; however, lactate efflux was sevenfold higher in the preconditioned hearts. These data strongly suggest that 1) a preconditioning-like mechanism exists in the rainbow trout heart, 2) increased anaerobic glycolysis, fueled by exogenous glucose, was associated with anoxic preconditioning, and 3) preconditioning represents a fundamental mechanism of cardioprotection that appeared early in the evolution of vertebrates.

scholarly journals Histological study of the licorice extract as Phytoestrogens, compared with pregnant mare serum gonadotrophyin hormone (PMSG) in the female Reproductive system of Awassi ewes

2010 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-11
Author(s):  
Abbas H. N .
Keyword(s):  
Genital Tract ◽  
Histological Study ◽  
Fertility Rate ◽  
Reproductive Efficiency ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Female Reproductive System ◽  
The Third ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Serum Hormone ◽  
Licorice Extract

This study was carried out at the Iraqi ministry of science & Technology as well as the Vet. Collage- Baghdad. This research aimed to study the effects of macroscopic and histological licorice extract in the genital tract of ewes as well as to study the effect of the extract on reproductive efficiency to be compared with serum hormone PMSG( pregnant horse) used for this purpose. The study used (36) local ewes which are divided into three equal groups (T 1, T 2, T 3) (Licorice extract 300, PMSG 500 and zero respectively), The first group( T1) of ewes was given licorice extract a single dose of 300 mg / kg body weight weekly for a period of ( 6) weeks, The second group (T 2), they were treated with hormone PMSG with a dose of 500 unit by intramuscular injection on the day of the raising of the vaginal sponges. As for the third group (T 3) which was given normal saline only it was used as a control group .The study results that the use of licorice extract as (Phytoestrogens) leads to a lack of awareness of the pathological changes on tissue of the genital tract of treated ewes or reduction of fertility and reproductive efficiency. As the study showed that the fertility rate increased ( 1,5%) in the Group of licorice extract which is similar to the group PMSG compared with control group which had a 1.0 fertility rate and a proportion of 88,8% of fertility. In conclusion, the licorice extract could be used to raise the rates of certain reproductive efficiency in sheep without causing any satisfactory damage in the canal genital ewes or reduction to the reproductive efficiency

Fish oil plus wheat germ oil have no prominent effect on homocysteine levels and nutritional indices in hemodialysis patients

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Hadeer Zakaria ◽  
Tarek M. Mostafa ◽  
Gamal A. El-Azab ◽  
Nagy AH Sayed-Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Wheat Germ ◽  
Hemodialysis Patients ◽  
Nutritional Indices ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Wheat Germ Oil ◽  
Serum Homocysteine

Abstract. Background: Elevated homocysteine levels and malnutrition are frequently detected in hemodialysis patients and are believed to exacerbate cardiovascular comorbidities. Omega-3 fatty acids have been postulated to lower homocysteine levels by up-regulating metabolic enzymes and improving substrate availability for homocysteine degradation. Additionally, it has been suggested that prevention of folate depletion by vitamin E consumption decreases homocysteine levels. However, data on the effect of omega-3 fatty acids and/or vitamin E on homocysteine levels and nutritional status have been inconclusive. Therefore, this study was planned to examine the effect of combined supplementation of fish oil, as a source of omega-3 fatty acids, with wheat germ oil, as a source of vitamin E, on homocysteine and nutritional indices in hemodialysis patients. Methods: This study was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Forty-six hemodialysis patients were randomly assigned to two equally-sized groups; a supplemented group who received 3000 mg/day of fish oil [1053 mg omega-3 fatty acids] plus 300 mg/day of wheat germ oil [0.765 mg vitamin E], and a matched placebo group who received placebo capsules for 4 months. Serum homocysteine and different nutritional indices were measured before and after the intervention. Results: Twenty patients in each group completed the study. At the end of the study, there were no significant changes in homocysteine levels and in the nutritional indices neither in the supplemented nor in the placebo-control groups (p > 0.05). Conclusions: Fish oil and wheat germ oil combination did not produce significant effects on serum homocysteine levels and nutritional indices of hemodialysis patients.

Penatalaksanaan IMD pada Ibu Postpartum Sectio Caesarea Mempengaruhi Status Gizi dan Kecepatan Produksi ASI

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 112-120
Author(s):  
Nursari Abdul Syukur ◽  
Susi Purwanti
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Sectio Caesarea ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Study Results

Many mothers who give birth to Sectio Caesarea (SC) do not Initiate Early Breastfeeding (IMD), which fails exclusive breastfeeding. This study aimed to determine the effect of IMD management in postpartum SC mothers on nutritional status, speed of milk production, and quality of breast milk protein. Method: quantitative research with quasi approach experiment. The research design used was a pre-post-test control non-equivalent control group. A sampling of this study used the Consecutive method sampling with a sample of 20 mothers who gave birth by cesarean section (SC). Hypothesis testing uses the independent t-test and the Mann-Whitney test. The study results showed an influence on the management of IMD in postpartum SC mothers on the speed of ASI production (p-value=0.004) and nutritional status (p-value=0.028). There was no effect of IMD management on postpartum SC mothers on the quality of breast milk protein (p-value = 0.543). This study recommends that the hospital implement an IMD promotion program before the abdominal wall is closed as a form of intervention to increase milk production and maternal nutritional status

Modern approaches to the treatment of mastitis in women of reproductive age

2016 ◽  
pp. 191-108
Author(s):  
A.A. Sukhanova ◽  
◽  
Yu.M. Melnik ◽  
O.O. Karlova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ultrasound Examination ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Herbal Remedies ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Clinical Method ◽  
Gynecological Examination ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Observation Period

The aim of the study: to study the efficacy and safety of use Mastofemin in the treatment of various forms of mastitis in women of reproductive age. Materials and methods. The study included 62 women of reproductive age (mean age of 33.5±2.3 years) who were screened in the Kiev city center reproductive and perinatal medicine. Women were divided into 2 groups. The first (main) group consisted of 32 patients who received the proposed treatment using herbal remedies Mastofemin 1 capsule 2 times per day for 3 months; 30 patients of the second (control) group were under observation and received no treatment. These groups were representative and homogeneous on age, clinical symptoms and sonographic characteristics. The clinical method included evaluation of complaints of patients, anamnesis, presence of concomitant gynecologic pathology, inspection, palpation of the lymph nodes and the breast and obtaining a discharge from the nipples to conduct cytological examination, which allowed excluding from the study women with suspected malignancy of the process. All the patients were performed ultrasound examination of the breast. The review was supplemented with vaginal gynecological examination and ultrasound examination of small pelvis organs to assess the condition of the uterus and its appendages, the diagnosis of gynecological diseases. Results. Summarizing obtained in this study results one should stress the positive long-term effect of applying Mastofemin for the treatment of proliferative changes of the breast in women of reproductive age. This is manifested by a decrease in the intensity of clinical signs of mastitis, consistent with the results of sonographic control. Established positive dynamics in the treatment of cystic mastitis, dectective and when combined cystic mastopathy with dectective. In the control group of patients for a given observation period (6 months) no significant changes in clinical signs of mastitis and sonographic characteristics. Regression of disease has not occurred in any of the patients, in 2 patients increased sensitivity of the breast after 6 months moved to the soreness. Sonographic characteristics of mastitis during the observation period did not change. Thus, the use of Mastofemin aimed at pathogenetic treatment of mastitis and prevention of breast cancer. Conclusion. Application of Mastofemin during the treatment of mastitis in women of reproductive age significantly improves the clinical condition of patients; reduce the subjective and objective symptoms of the disease. The positive effect of the treatment with Mastofemin proved in the case of the treatment of sonographic following forms of mastitis: cystic mastopathy, cystic mastopathy with dectectasy. Mastofemin may be the drug of choice for complex conservative monotherapy in women of reproductive age with proliferative changes in the breast, and can also be used as part of complex treatment in patients with diffuse changes of the breast when combined with hyperplastic processes of the myometrium and endometrium. Keywords: mastopathy, breast gland, herbal medicine, herbal remedies, Mastofemin.

Brief psycho-education for caregivers of persons with first episode psychosis

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Praful Prabhuappa Kapse ◽  
Manisha Kiran
Keyword(s):  
First Episode Psychosis ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Episode Psychosis ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Expressed Emotions ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Group Family

Caring for the persons with first episode psychosis is challenging and demanding. It may lead to the increased burden, expressed emotions among the caregivers. The numerous studies have shown that high burden and negative expressed emotions among caregivers can lead to early relapse in the patients with first episode psychosis. To evaluate the effects of the brief psychoeducation on the caregivers burden and expressed emotions. A quasi experimental - before and after with control group research design was adopted for the study. A total of 60 caregivers have participated in the study, of which 30 caregivers in experimental group and 30 caregivers in the control group. Family Burden Interview Schedule (Pai and Kapoor, 1981) and Attitude Questionnaire (Sethi et al., 1981) was used to assess caregiver's burden and expressed emotions. At end of the psychoeducation intervention, burden among caregivers and negative expressed emotions of the caregivers have significantly reduced. The positive expressed emotions have been increased. Study results demonstrates the importance of psychoeducation intervention in reducing the burden and negative expressed emotions.

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