The Effectiveness of Turmeric Enriched Pellets in Curing the Gill of Clarias batrachus Infected with Aeromonas hydrophila

Abstract Curcumin is an antibiotic agent extracted from Curcuma longa. To understand the effectiveness of curcumin in curing the gill of Clarias batrachus infected with Aeromonas hydrophila, a study was conducted from August to November 2020. There were 3 treatments applied, namely turmeric enriched pellets 0.7g/kg (P1); 0.9g/kg (P2) and 1.1g/kg (P3). Prior to the treatment, the fish was infected with A. hydrophila (0.1 m of A. hydrophila culture, 1.0x108cells/ml). The infected fish was kept for 6 days until the clinical signs of MAS disease occurred. By the 7th day, the fish was feed with turmeric enriched pellets. For negative control (Cn) the fish was not infected with A. hydrophila nor treated with turmeric, while the positive control (Cp) was infected, but no turmeric treatment. The fish was reared for 30 days and by the end of the experiment, the gill was removed and processed for histological study (5L sliced and HE stained). Result indicated that the gill of the negative control fish was normal, while that of the positive control shown abnormalities such as hemorrhages, necrotic cells, fused lamellae and enlarged cartilaginous cells. The turmeric treated fish shown less damage in the gill. The best results were obtained in C3, as the gill structure was almost normal with slightly hemorrhage. In the C1 and C2 treated fishes, the gill shown light abnormality such as fused lamella and hemorrhage. Data obtained shown that the consumption of turmeric enriched pellet was effective to cure the A. hydrophyla infected gill.

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Effectiveness of turmeric-enriched pellets to improve the immunity of Clarias batrachus toward motile Aeromonas septicemia disease

F1000Research ◽

10.12688/f1000research.28260.2 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 ◽

pp. 169

Author(s):

Morina Riauwaty ◽

Yusni I. Siregar ◽

Isma Mulyani

Keyword(s):

Aeromonas Hydrophila ◽

Blood Cells ◽

White Blood Cells ◽

Clinical Signs ◽

Positive Control ◽

Clarias Batrachus ◽

Treatment Groups ◽

Natural Remedy ◽

Loss Of Balance ◽

Treated Fish

Background: Turmeric is known as a natural remedy to improve the immunity of organisms. This study aims to understand the effectiveness of turmeric-enriched pellets to improve the immunity of Clarias batrachus to Aeromonas hydrophila. Methods: The study was conducted from May to August 2020. C. batrachus fingerlings, 7-8 cm total length (TL) and 4-5 g (BW) at baseline, were kept in 30 L aquaria (10 fishes/aquarium; three replicated/treatment). Commercial pellets were mixed with turmeric powder. There were five treatment groups: P0 (control, no turmeric); P1 (0.5 g turmeric per Kg of pellets); P2 (0.7 g/Kg); P3 (0.9 g/Kg); Pp (positive control). Thirty days after being feed with turmeric-enriched pellets, all groups of fish were infected with 0.1 ml (108) of A. hydrophila suspension, intramuscularly. The P0 group did not receive injection, while Pp group were not fed with turmeric-enriched pellets but were infected with the bacteria. Fourteen days after infection, clinical signs and hematology of the fish were studied. Results: Pp fish showed heavy clinical signs of A. hydrophila, such as loss of balance, pigmentation, hemorrhages and ulcers. P0 fish did not show any symptoms, while the treated fish reveled some clinical signs of A. hydrophila to a lesser extent than Pp, indicating that the fish is able to face the A. hydrophila attack. Hematology for Pp fish revealed high white blood cells, indicating that the fish were infected. The blood condition of the P0 fish, as well as those of the turmeric-treated fish were normal. In general, the P3 fish showed the least clinical signs of A. hydrophila and normal blood condition, indicating that P3 treatment is best. Conclusion: The best turmeric dosage to improve the immunity of C. batrachus toward A. hydrophila infection is 0.9 g/Kg pellets.

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PENGGUNAAN EKSTRAK DAUN SIRIH (Piper betle Linn) UNTUK MENGHAMBAT BAKTERI Aeromonas hydrophila DAN TOKSISITASNYA PADA IKAN PATIN (Pangasius hypophthalmus) (THE USE OF PIPER BETLE LINN EXTRACT ON AEROMONAS HYDROPHILA TO OBSTRUCT AND THE TOKSISITY TO PANGASIUS HYPOPHTHALMUS)

Fish Scientiae ◽

10.20527/fs.v1i2.1188 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 190 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Siti Aisiah ◽

Muhammad Muhammad ◽

Anita Anita

Keyword(s):

Aeromonas Hydrophila ◽

Random Sampling ◽

Toxicity Test ◽

Methanol Extract ◽

Positive Control ◽

Negative Control ◽

Quality Parameter ◽

Control Fish ◽

Water Quality Parameter ◽

Piper Betle

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui daya hambat daun sirih yang paling besar terhadap bakteri Aeromonas Hydrophila, mengetahui konsentrasi minimal ekstrak daun sirih yang mampu menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri A. hydrophila dan mengetahui toksisitas konsentrasi efektif dari ekstrak daun sirih terhadap ikan patin. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan untuk uji toksisitas adalah rancangan acak lengkap, terdiri dari 4 perlakuan yaitu A = Ikan disuntik dengan ekstrak daun sirih konsentrasi 75%, B = Ikan disuntik dengan ekstrak daun sirih konsentrasi 25%, C = Kontrol positif (ikan disuntik dengan akuades steril) dan D = Kontrol negatif (ikan tidak disuntik), diulang 3 kali. Hasil uji sensitivitas antibakteri daun sirih yang mempunyai daya hambat dan daya bunuh paling besar terhadap bakteri A. hydrophila adalah ekstrak daun sirih-metanol. Pengujian MIC menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak daun sirih-metanol memiliki daya hambat minimal 25 % terhadap aktivitas bakteri A. hydrophila. Hasil uji toksisitas yang dilakukan terhadap ikan patin dengan konsentrasi 75% dan 25% menunjukkan bahwa mortalitas yang terjadi tidak mencapai 50%. Pengamatan hematologis pada masing-masing perlakuan menunjukkan hasil yang berpengaruh tidak nyata terhadap kesehatan ikan patin. Parameter kualitas air pada penelitian ini yaitu, , kadar oksigen terlarut, pH, amoniak, CO2 dan suhu masih dapat mendukung kehidupan ikan patin.This research was aimed a finding the part of Piper betle Linn which had the biggest resistance to Aeromonas hydrophila bacteria and to know the minimal concentrate which could obstruct the growth of A. hydrophila bacteria and to know effective concentrate toxicity of P. betle Linn to Pangasius hypophthalmus. The random sampling used proportionate stratified random sampling. In toxicity test, it had be done 4 treatment, which was given to fish, those were : A = fish was injected with 25 % concentrate of extract P. betle Linn leaves, B = fish was injected with 75 % concentrate of extract P. betle Linn leaves, C = positive control (fish was injected with sterile aquadest), and D = negative control (fish wasn’t injected) and 3 trial. Sensivity result of A. hydrophila bacteria to P. betle Linn showed that the axtract of Piper betle Linn leaves-methanol had bigger activity than others. Depended on MIC test of the leaves P. betle Linn-methanol extract showed result that the extract had 25% minimal bloked concentrate to A. hydrophila bacteria. The result of toxicity test of P. betle Linn 75% and 25% leaves was no mortality 50% of P. hypophthalmus. Water quality parameter during experiment like dissolving oxygen, pH, ammonia, CO2, and temperature were still in reasonable range for Pangasius hypophthalmus.

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Effectiveness of turmeric-enriched pellets to improve the immunity of Clarias batrachus toward motile Aeromonas septicemia disease

F1000Research ◽

10.12688/f1000research.28260.1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 ◽

pp. 169

Author(s):

Morina Riauwaty ◽

Yusni I. Siregar ◽

Isma Mulyani

Keyword(s):

Aeromonas Hydrophila ◽

Blood Cells ◽

White Blood Cells ◽

Clinical Signs ◽

Positive Control ◽

Clarias Batrachus ◽

Treatment Groups ◽

Natural Remedy ◽

Loss Of Balance ◽

Treated Fish

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COCONUT MILK MODULATE THE ANTIGENICITY OF ALPHA-LACTALBUMIN IN BALB/C MICE

International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.22159/ijpps.2017v9i3.15753 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 290 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Yamina Benaissa ◽

Samia Addou ◽

Wafaa Dib ◽

Omar Kheroua ◽

Djamel Saidi

Keyword(s):

Histological Study ◽

Negative Control Group ◽

Positive Control ◽

Negative Control ◽

Coconut Milk ◽

Cow’S Milk ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Control Group ◽

Milk Formula ◽

Cow's Milk

Objective: The aim of this work was to study the biochemical characteristics of coconut milk and its antigenic effect on the Balb/c mice immunized with α-lactalbumin protein, as well as its consequences on the structure of the intestinal epithelium.Methods: To achieve the objective of the study, an electrophoresis was realised on a polyacrylamide gel to determine various proteins contained in coconut milk. In addition, Lowry’s method was used to determine the amount of proteins in the formula. The antigenicity of coconut milk in sera was also studied using the Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) method. For the histological study, 21 w-old mice Balb/c were used and distributed in three groups of 7 mice each. Group 1, received a standard feed with no treatment (Negative control), group 2 and 3 received respectively a standard feed (Positive control) and coconut milk for a period of 28 d after being immunized with α- lactalbumin.Results: Analysis of the data revealed that the rate of proteins of cow’s milk is higher than that of the coconut milk ( p0.01). However, after carrying out the electrophoresis analysis, the coconut milk showed the absence of intact proteins. The anti α-Lactalbumin IgG titers significantly increased in positive control groups that received coconut milk (p<0.0001). Moreover, there was an increase of the intestinal villi height of mice fed with coconut milk, in the structure level of their intestinal epithelium compared to the negative control group.Conclusion: The findings of the study provide the evidence that coconut milk is a possible alternative to the cow’s milk formula in case of allergy.

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Antibacterial Activity of Curcuma longa (turmeric), Curcuma zedoaria (zedoary), and Allium sativum (garlic) Nanoparticle Extract on Chicken with Chronic Respiratory Disease Complex: In Vivo Study

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/202015101054 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 151 ◽

pp. 01054

Author(s):

Ekowati Handharyani ◽

Lina N. Sutardi ◽

Aulia A. Mustika ◽

Andriani Andriani ◽

Sri Yuliani

Keyword(s):

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Respiratory Disease ◽

Allium Sativum ◽

Curcuma Longa ◽

Clinical Signs ◽

Chronic Respiratory Disease ◽

Negative Control ◽

Control Group

Previous in vitro studies showed that nanoparticle extract of turmeric, zedoary, and garlic exhibit antibacterial activity against Mycoplasma gallisepticum (M. gallisepticum) which causes chronic respiratory disease (CRD) in chicken. This research aimed to determine the antibacterial activity of nanoparticles of Curcuma longa, Curcuma zedoaria, and Allium sativum extract to CRD infected chicken. In vivo test of antibacterial activity of turmeric, zedoary, and garlic nanoparticle in combination was conducted on chicken infected by M. gallisepticum and Escherichia coli (E.coli). Antibiotic control used was enrofloxacin. As many as 75 chickens were divided into 5 groups containing 15 chickens each. Group one consisted of healthy chickens (positive control); group two consisted of chickens that have been inoculated by bacteria (negative control); group three (treatment) were chickens inoculated by bacterium and given extract nanoparticle combination on day 7 of infection for 7 days; group four (prevention) were chickens inoculated by bacterium and given combination of extract nanoparticles on day 5 before infection for 14 days; group five were chickens inoculated with bacterium and given enrofloxacin antibiotics for 7 days. In vivo research results showed increased body weight and performance indicated by improvements in clinical signs, and gross pathology changes. The combination of three extract nanoparticles showed the best activity in controlling CRD in chicken, both as preventive and curative means.

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Comparison of Clinical Effectiveness of Deslorelin Acetate and Osaterone Acetate in Dogs with Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani10101936 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (10) ◽

pp. 1936 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Wojciech Niżański ◽

Małgorzata Ochota ◽

Christelle Fontaine ◽

Joanna Pasikowska

Keyword(s):

Clinical Signs ◽

Clinical Effectiveness ◽

Positive Control ◽

Negative Control ◽

Intact Male ◽

Prostate Hyperplasia ◽

Group Iii ◽

Group I ◽

Clinical Action ◽

Healthy Dogs

This article presents the results of a randomized clinical trial, designed to compare the efficacy and therapeutic profiles of YpozaneTM (osaterone acetate—OA) or SuprelorinTM (deslorelin acetate—DA) in male dogs with clinical signs of benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH). Forty-five intact male dogs were used in the study. The Group I (negative control) included 10 healthy dogs, the Group II (positive control) included 10 dogs with confirmed BPH and no treatment, whereas Group III and IV consisted of dogs with BPH and treated either with DA (15 dogs) or OA (10 dogs). The clinical response, testosterone and estradiol levels, hematology, biochemistry, and adverse effects incidence were evaluated. Both OA and DA proved to be effective for BPH treatment in dogs, as they allowed for the clinical remission in all treated dogs. The complete alleviation of BPH symptoms was noticed sooner with the use of OA (in 80% of dogs from day 7) compared to DA (in 40% of dogs within the first 21 days). The recurrence of clinical signs related to BPH was observed from week 24 in dogs treated with OA, whereas no relapse was noticed in dogs treated with DA at the end of the 36 weeks of the observation period. In 5 dogs (33%) treated with DA, a flare-up effect (increase in the clinical signs associated with BPH) was noticed on day 7. Despite individual differences in the clinical action, both medications were effective and safe options for the treatment of symptoms related to BPH in dogs.

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IN VITRO EVALUATION OF THE ANTHELMINTIC ACTIVITY OF RHIZOME EXTRACTS OF CURCUMA LONGA (LINN.)

Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research ◽

10.22159/ajpcr.2018.v11i12.28313 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 11 (12) ◽

pp. 425

Author(s):

Jyoti Pandey ◽

Suman Mishra ◽

Kamal Jaiswal

Keyword(s):

Curcuma Longa ◽

Anthelmintic Activity ◽

Positive Control ◽

Negative Control ◽

Control Group ◽

Phytochemical Analysis ◽

Alternative Source ◽

Significant Efficacy ◽

Phosphate Buffered Saline

Objective: The current study was carried out to evaluate the anthelmintic activity of the rhizome extract of Curcuma longa as an alternative source of effective remedies for nematodiasis.Methods: The anthelmintic activity of the C. longa was assessed in vitro against Haemonchus spp., a gastrointestinal (abomasum) parasite of goats. Different concentrations of the extracts (1 mg/mL, 2.5 mg/mL, 5 mg/mL, and 10 mg/mL) in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) were tested, and the results expressed in terms of time of paralysis (minute) and time of death (minute) of the worms. Albendazole (1 mg/mL) was used as a reference (positive control) and PBS as a control group (negative control).Results: The qualitative phytochemical analysis of the methanolic extract (ME) of the plant disclosed the presence of alkaloids, glycosides, terpenoids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, phenol, anthraquinone, and carbohydrates; whereas, the aqueous extract (AE) showed the presence of alkaloids, carbohydrate, flavonoids, and saponins. Both ME and AE of the C. longa (rhizome) expressed significant efficacy (p≤0.05) in causing paralysis as well as the death of the worms within 12 h of exposure at all tested concentrations, as compared to the negative control. The rhizome extracts of C. longa showed dose-dependent efficacy in causing paralysis of the worm motility and the final progression to death. The results showed that the ME at 10 mg/mL was significantly more potent (p≤0.05) over the AE.Conclusions: This study concluded that the rhizome extract of C. longa exhibited potent anthelmintic efficacy against the nematode parasite, Haemonchus spp.

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Efikasi daun sembukan Paederia foetida untuk pencegahan infeksi bakteri Aeromonas hydrophila pada ikan nila

Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia ◽

10.19027/jai.15.108-119 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 15 (2) ◽

pp. 108 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Dinamella Wahjuningrum ◽

Mulyati Hasanah ◽

, Rahman

Keyword(s):

Aeromonas Hydrophila ◽

Oreochromis Niloticus ◽

Preventive Treatment ◽

Positive Control ◽

Negative Control ◽

Optimum Dosage ◽

Coating Method ◽

Control And Prevention ◽

Paederia Foetida

ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to determine the optimum dosage of skunkvine leaves Paederia foetida to prevent infection caused by bacteria Aeromonas hydrophila in tilapia Oreochromis niloticus. This study consisted of five treatments. They were negative control, positive control, and prevention treatment with the dosages of 0.8%, 1% and that 1.2% that consisted that of three replications in each treatment. Addition of skunkvine leaves on feed performed by coating method. Feed was given at satiation with a frequency of three times a day. The results of this study showed that there were significant effect (P<0.05) between the positive control (37.03%) and preventive treatment dosages of 0.8% (88.89%), 1% (74.08%), and 1.2% (74.08%). The optimum dosage for prevention of A. hydrophila infection in tilapia was 0.8%. Keywords: Aeromonas hydrophila, Paederia foetida, tilapia ABSTRAK Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan dosis daun sembukan Paederia foetida yang tepat dalam mencegah infeksi akibat Aeromonas hydrophila pada ikan nila Oreochromis niloticus. Penelitian ini terdiri dari lima perlakuan yaitu kontrol negatif, kontrol positif, perlakuan 0,8%, perlakuan 1%, dan perlakuan 1,2% dengan masing-masing perlakuan terdiri dari tiga ulangan. Metode penambahan sembukan pada pakan dilakukan dengan metode coating. Pakan diberikan secara at satiation dengan frekuensi pemberian sebanyak tiga kali sehari. Pemeliharaan ikan dilakukan selama 20 hari dan pada hari ke-11 dilakukan uji tantang dengan menggunakan bakteri A. hydrophila. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa tingkat kelangsungan hidup sebelum uji tantang tidak berbeda nyata (P>0,05), sedangkan setelah uji tantang diperoleh hasil yang berbeda nyata (P<0,05) antara kontrol positif (37,03%) dengan perlakuan 0,8% (88,89%), perlakuan 1% (74,08%), dan perlakuan 1,2% (74,08%). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa pemberian daun sembukan melalui pakan efektif untuk pencegahan infeksi A. hydrophila pada ikan nila dengan dosis terbaik yaitu 0,8%. Kata kunci: Aeromonas hydrophila, Paederia foetida, ikan nila

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EKSTRAK BUAH NANAS TERHADAP JUMLAH TOTAL LEUKOSIT DAN NEUTROFIL IKAN LELE (Clarias batrachus) YANG DIINFEKSI DENGAN Aeromonas hydrophila

VITEK : Bidang Kedokteran Hewan ◽

10.30742/jv.v10i0.43 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 ◽

pp. 70-77

Author(s):

Ratna Widyawati ◽

Dyah Widhowati ◽

Dhia Nadhifa

Keyword(s):

Effective Dose ◽

Aeromonas Hydrophila ◽

Challenge Test ◽

Positive Control ◽

Clarias Batrachus ◽

Ananas Comosus ◽

Fruit Extract ◽

Treatment Groups ◽

Pineapple Fruit ◽

One Way Anova

The present research to determine the Extract of Pineapple (Ananas comosus) on the survival of catfish infected with A. Hydrophila. The main problem of cultivation of catfish (C. batrachus) is a disease caused by the bacterium Aeromonas hydrophila.Catfish (Clarias batrachus) is a freshwater fish that has several advantages, one of which is a high nutritional content. Test animals used were catfish measuring 15-20cm with a body weight of ± 250gr. Challenge test by injecting A. hydrophila suspension with a dose of 108sel / mm3 as much as 0.1mm intramuscularly. Observations were made for 7 days after infection which included the total number of leukocytes and neutrophils. This study was divided into 5 treatment groups with 5 replications, namely P1 (positive control), P2 (0.1%), P3 (0.3%), P4 (0.5%), P5 (0.7%) and soaking Pineapple Fruit Extract for 24 hours. Data analysis in this study used one way ANOVA statistical test. The results showed symptoms of catfish attacked by Aeromonas hydrophila including increased total number of leukocytes and neutrophils and ulceration in catfish. Soaking effect Pineapple fruit extract 0.5% effective dose can reduce the total number of leukocytes and 0.7% effective dose can reduce the total number of neutrophils.

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Ameliorative Effect of Ethanolic Extract of Petroselinum Crispum Against Gentamicin-Induced Nephrotoxicity in Rabbits Male

Al-Anbar Journal of Veterinary Sciences ◽

10.37940/ajvs.2020.13.2.5 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Sarah Hussain ◽

Mariam Kadhem

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Clinical Signs ◽

Ethanolic Extract ◽

Negative Control Group ◽

Positive Control ◽

Negative Control ◽

The Body ◽

Positive Control Group ◽

Control Group ◽

Petroselinum Crispum

The experiment was conducted to investigate the protective effect of Petroselinum crispum leave extracted against gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in male rabbits by studying the body weight, clinical signs, haematological and biochemical parameters, gross lesion and histopathological changes. Twenty four rabbits male were used and divided into 4 groups. Group 1: rabbits served as a negative control, received distilled water 1 ml(orally). Group 2: rabbits served as a positive control group, received gentamicin at a dose of 80 mg/kg/day intramuscular for 15 days. Group 3: rabbits received gentamicin at a dose of 80 mg/kg/day then after one hour treated with ethanolic extract of Petroselinum crispum at dose 125 mg/kg orally for 15 days. Group 4: rabbits received gentamicin at a dose of 80 mg/kg/day then after one hour treated with ethanolic extract of Petroselinum crispum at dose 250 mg/kg orally for 15 days.The results of the gentamicin treated group( positive control group) showed clinical signs such as loss of body weight, loss of appetite and rough hair with hematuria. The body weight a significantly declined (p≤ 0.05) compared other groups. There was a significant decrease (p≤ 0.05) in WBC count, lymphocyte, GSH, SOD, CAT, and GPX levels, while it recorded a significant increase (p≤0.05) in weights of the kidneys, neutrophils, creatinine, urea, and MDA. Histological studies showed several kidney pathological changes such as pale colour, enlargement in size and weight and easy from detaching as opposed to negative control group. On the other hand, the group treated with ethanolic extractof Petroselinum crispum at dose 125 mg/kg induced improved of parameters as recorded significant increased(P ≤ 0.05) in body weight, WBC count, lymphocyte, GSH, SOD, CAT, and GPX, while significant decreased (P ≤ 0.05) in weights of the kidneys, neutrophils, creatinine, urea, and MDA compared with the positive control group whereas rabbits treated with ethanolic extract of Petroselinum crispum at dose 250 mg/kg restored the parameters and histological changes of the kidney to near normal status compared with the negative control group. These results showed that the dose-detected Petroselinum crispum extract (250mg / kg) acts as potential curative effect against gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in male rabbits.

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