scholarly journals Risk of Incident Hypertension According to Physical Activity and Temporal Changes in Weight

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeonggyu Kang ◽  
Jong-Young Lee ◽  
Mi Yeon Lee ◽  
Ki-Chul Sung
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Weight Change ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Incident Hypertension ◽  
Prevention Of Hypertension ◽  
Health Screening Program ◽  
Reduced Risk

Abstract BACKGROUND Physical activity (PA) and maintenance of a normal weight contribute to the prevention of hypertension but not always concurrently. Our aim was to investigate whether maintaining PA, regardless of weight change, is associated with a reduced risk of developing hypertension. METHODS We conducted a cohort study of 195,045 Koreans (mean age, 37.7 years; standard deviation, 7.1 years) who participated in an occupational health screening program from January 2011 to December 2016. PA levels were measured using the validated Korean version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Form, and participants were classified into 3 categories as inactive, active, and health-enhancing physically active (HEPA). Weight was tracked, and participants were divided into 2 categories: those whose weight change >0 and those whose weight change ≤0. RESULTS During 616,326.5 person-years, 12,206 participants developed hypertension (19.8 per 1,000 person-years). A higher PA level and greater reduction in body mass index were associated with lower risk for incident hypertension. Hazard ratio (HR) for incident hypertension was lower (0.83; 95% confidence interval, 0.79–0.88) in subjects with active/HEPA at baseline and decreased weight than in those in the inactive and increased weight groups after adjustment for confounding factors. Even in the increased weight group, HR for incident hypertension was 0.85 (0.81–0.90) in subjects whose PA was consistently maintained at active or HEPA levels during follow-up. CONCLUSIONS In this large cohort of young and middle-aged Koreans, maintaining active or HEPA PA levels was associated with reduced risk of developing hypertension regardless of weight change.

scholarly journals Association Between Physical Activity and Post menopausal Symptoms in Saudi Women: A Cross-sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-164
Author(s):  
Muneera Almurdi ◽  
◽  
Syamala Buragadda ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Menopausal Symptoms ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Menopausal Women ◽  
Significant Difference

Objectives: Menopause is the termination of a woman’s menstrual cycle for a year. In this condition, women’s health status declines due to hormonal changes and aging. Physical Activity (PA) is among the best available alternatives for managing menopause-related symptoms without any adverse effects. This study aimed to assess the relationship between PA and symptoms, such as fatigue, depression, and insomnia in Saudi menopausal women. Methods: This cross-sectional study involved 60 menopausal women; they were divided into physically active and inactive groups. The group allocation was conducted based on their PA level determined by the International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short-Form (IPAQ-SF). Menopausal symptoms, such as fatigue, depression, and insomnia were assessed using the Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS), Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), and Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), respectively, in the study groups. The association between PA and fatigue, depression, and insomnia was assessed using the Pearson correlation coefficient. The significance level was set at P≤0.05. Results: Fatigue, depression, and insomnia were more prevalent in physically inactive post-menopause women than the active women. A significant difference was observed in the outcome variables between the study groups. Furthermore, a significant association was detected between PA and fatigue, depression, and insomnia in the study participants. Discussion: Half of the explored menopausal women were physically active. Physically active menopausal women presented less fatigue, depression, and insomnia, compared to their inactive counterparts. This study suggested that PA positively impacted menopausal symptoms (fatigue, insomnia, & depression). Besides, the collected results highlighted the importance of physical activity among menopausal women.

scholarly journals Insufficient Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviors among Medical Students during the COVID-19 Lockdown: Findings from a Cross-Sectional Study in Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (19) ◽  
pp. 10257
Author(s):  
Irfan Ullah ◽  
Md. Saiful Islam ◽  
Sajjad Ali ◽  
Hashaam Jamil ◽  
Muhammad Junaid Tahir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Sedentary Behaviors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Insufficient Physical Activity ◽  
Policies And Programs

Background: The unprecedented COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in social distancing and isolation which leads to insufficient physical activity and thereby increases sedentary behaviors. Hence, this study aimed to assess the prevalence of insufficient physical activity and sedentary behaviors among medical students during the COVID-19 lockdown in Pakistan, and to determine their associated factors. Methods: A cross-sectional online survey was carried out among 407 medical students from the Punjab and Sindh provinces between May and June 2020. To collect data, an e-questionnaire was sent to obtain informed consent along with questions concerning socio-demographics as well as an International Physical Activity Questionnaires–Short Form (IPAQ–SF). Results: As per the IPAQ, almost five in ten participants were physically inactive (48.2%), and 45.2% reported sedentary behaviors. Participants with insufficient physical activity were more likely to report sedentary behaviors than their counterparts (AOR = 2.53; 95% CI = 1.66–3.85, p < 0.001). The odds of insufficient physical activity were higher among the participants who did not strictly follow the COVID-19 preventive measures (AOR = 2.51; 95% CI = 1.35–4.69, p = 0.004); similarly, there were increased odds of sedentary behaviors observed among participants within a normal weight range compared to those who were underweight (AOR = 2.69; 95% CI = 1.76–4.11, p < 0.001). Conclusions: Insufficient physical activity and sedentary behavior are prevalent among medical students in Pakistan during the COVID-19 pandemic. These findings indicate the importance of establishing tailored policies and programs to encourage young adults to engage in physical activity.

scholarly journals Physical Activity Levels and Related Energy Expenditure during COVID-19 Quarantine among the Sicilian Active Population: A Cross-Sectional Online Survey Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 4356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valerio Giustino ◽  
Anna Maria Parroco ◽  
Antonio Gennaro ◽  
Giuseppe Musumeci ◽  
Antonio Palma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Short Form ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, the Italian government has adopted containment measures to control the virus’s spread, including limitations to the practice of physical activity (PA). The aim of this study was to estimate the levels of PA, expressed as energy expenditure (MET–minute/week), among the physically active Sicilian population before and during the last seven days of the COVID-19 quarantine. Furthermore, the relation between this parameter and specific demographic and anthropometric variables was analyzed. Methods: 802 Sicilian physically active participants (mean age: 32.27 ± 12.81 years; BMI: 23.44 ± 3.33 kg/m2) were included in the study and grouped based on gender, age and BMI. An adapted version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire—short form (IPAQ-SF) was administered to the participants through an online survey. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test and the Kruskal-Wallis rank-sum test were used for statistical analyses. Results: As expected, we observed a significant decrease of the total weekly energy expenditure during the COVID-19 quarantine (p < 0.001). A significant variation in the MET–min/wk in the before quarantine condition (p = 0.046) and in the difference between before and during quarantine (p = 0.009) was found for males and females. The male group decreased the PA level more than the female one. Moreover, a significant difference in the MET–min/wk was found among groups distributions of BMI (p < 0.001, during quarantine) and of age (p < 0.001, both before and during quarantine). In particular, the highest and the lowest levels of PA were reported by the young and the elderly, respectively, both before and during quarantine. Finally, the overweight group showed the lowest level of PA during quarantine. Conclusion: Based on our outcomes, we can determine that the current quarantine has negatively affected the practice of PA, with greater impacts among males and overweight subjects. In regards to different age groups, the young, young adults and adults were more affected than senior adults and the elderly.

scholarly journals Sociodemographic Associations of Physical Activity in People of Working Age

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. 2134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Puciato
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Sports Medicine ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Sample Selection ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Working Age ◽  
The Unemployed

The aim of this study was to identify relationships between the physical activity and sociodemographic status of respondents aged 18–64 years. The research was conducted in 2014 and 2015 in Wrocław, Poland. The study group comprised 4460 people. The sample selection was random and stratified. The research tool was the International Physical Activity Questionnaire—Short Form. Levels of physical activity declared by respondents were compared with the recommendations of the American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM). Data on respondents’ sociodemographic status was also obtained. The Mann–Whitney U test for samples, Kruskal–Wallis test by ranks, and total and binary logistic regression were used in statistical analysis. Among the respondents, the ACSM health recommendations were met by 43.7% in total (43.2% women and 44.3% men). All analyzed sociodemographic variables differentiated respondents’ physical activity. The youngest respondents were found to be the most physically active. Wrocław residents with a secondary education declared the highest level of physical activity. Among the respondents, manual workers revealed the highest, and the unemployed the lowest odds of meeting the ACSM standards of health-related physical activity. The level of physical activity of unmarried respondents was higher than that of married respondents. The highest percentage of respondents (50.9% women and 54.2% men) with sufficient physical activity levels was found among people living alone. Measures aimed at reducing hypokinesia should be addressed primarily in vulnerable groups, i.e., the unemployed and oldest men.

scholarly journals Prevention of Overweight and Hypertension through Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Extracurricular Sport Participation among South African Schoolchildren

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (16) ◽  
pp. 6581
Author(s):  
Siphesihle Nqweniso ◽  
Cheryl Walter ◽  
Rosa du Randt ◽  
Ann Aerts ◽  
Larissa Adams ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Sport Participation ◽  
Physical Activity Intervention ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Prevention Of Hypertension ◽  
Cluster Randomized

Hypertension and overweight are growing public health concerns in school-aged children. We examined whether cardiorespiratory fitness and sport participation contribute to the prevention of hypertension and overweight. We conducted a cluster-randomized controlled trial with 853 children aged 8–13 years in eight primary schools in Port Elizabeth, South Africa. Cardiorespiratory fitness, sport participation, body mass index, and blood pressure were assessed at baseline and after a physical activity intervention, which took place at two time-points (July–September 2015 and February–April 2016) for 10 weeks each. Mixed logistic regressions were employed to analyze the data. At baseline, 18.8% of the children were classified as overweight/obese and 13.5% as hypertensive. High cardiorespiratory fitness and high sport participation were negatively associated with overweight/obesity, while high sport participation was associated with lower risk for hypertension. Longitudinally, normal weight children who initially had higher cardiorespiratory fitness showed less decrease in this variable, while those who participated in the physical activity intervention were less likely to become overweight/obese. High cardiorespiratory fitness and sport participation are linked with children’s weight status. Children who are fit and participate regularly in sport outside school hours are less likely to be hypertensive. Our findings highlight the importance of regular extracurricular physical activity and maintaining cardiorespiratory fitness levels.

Predictivity of International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Form for 5-Year Incident Disability Among Japanese Older Adults

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Satoshi Kurita ◽  
Takehiko Doi ◽  
Kota Tsutsumimoto ◽  
Sho Nakakubo ◽  
Hideaki Ishii ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
International Physical Activity Questionnaire ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Intensity Physical Activity ◽  
Vigorous Intensity ◽  
Japanese Older Adults ◽  
Activity Questionnaire ◽  
Physically Inactive

Background: This study aimed to examine whether physical activity measured using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Form (IPAQ-SF) can predict incident disability in Japanese older adults. Methods: Community-dwelling older adults participated in a prospective cohort survey. The time spent in moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity was assessed at the survey baseline using the IPAQ-SF. The participants were categorized into those who spent ≥150 minutes per week (physically active) or <150 minutes per week (physically inactive) in moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity. Incident disability was monitored through Long-Term Care Insurance certification during a follow-up lasting 5 years. Results: Among the 4387 analyzable participants (mean age = 75.8 y, 53.5% female), the IPAQ-SF grouped 1577 (35.9%) and 2810 (64.1%) participants as those who were physically active and inactive, respectively. A log-rank test showed a significantly higher incidence of disability among the inactive group of participants (P < .001). The Cox proportional hazards model showed that physically inactive participants had a higher risk of incident disability than the physically active ones did, even after adjusting for covariates (hazard ratio, 1.24; 95% CI, 1.07–1.45, P < .001). Conclusions: Older adults identified as physically inactive using the IPAQ-SF had a greater risk of developing disabilities than those identified as physically active. The IPAQ-SF seems to be appropriate to estimate the incidence risk of disability.

scholarly journals Physical activity, but not body mass index, predicts less disability before and after stroke

Neurology ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 88 (18) ◽  
pp. 1718-1726 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pamela M. Rist ◽  
Benjamin D. Capistrant ◽  
Elizabeth Rose Mayeda ◽  
Sze Y. Liu ◽  
M. Maria Glymour
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Risk Difference ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Lower Probability ◽  
Stroke Survivors ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Before And After

Objective:To determine whether physical activity and body mass index (BMI) predict instrumental or basic activities of daily living (I/ADL) trajectories before or after stroke compared to individuals who remained stroke-free.Methods:Using a prospective cohort, the Health and Retirement Study, we followed adults without a history of stroke in 1998 (n = 18,117) for up to 14 years. We estimated linear regression models of I/ADL trajectories comparing individuals who remained stroke-free throughout follow-up (n = 16,264), those who survived stroke (n = 1,374), and those who died after stroke and before the next interview wave (n = 479). We evaluated whether I/ADL trajectories differed by physical activity or BMI at baseline (before stroke), adjusting for demographic and socioeconomic covariates.Results:Compared to those who were physically active, stroke survivors who were physically inactive at baseline had a lower probability of independence in ADLs and IADLs 3 years after stroke (risk difference = −0.18 and −0.16 for ADLs and IADLs, respectively). However, a similar difference in the probability of independence was also present 3 years before stroke, and we observed no evidence that physical activity slowed the rate of decline in independence before or after stroke. Unlike the results for physical activity, we did not observe a consistent pattern for the probability of independence in ADLs or IADLs comparing obese stroke survivors to normal-weight or to overweight stroke survivors 3 years before stroke or 3 years after stroke.Conclusions:Physical inactivity predicts a higher risk of being dependent both before and after stroke.

scholarly journals Physical Activity and Gastric Cancer Risk in Patients with and without Helicobacter pylori Infection in A Korean Population: A Hospital-Based Case-Control Study

Cancers ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 369 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madhawa Gunathilake ◽  
Jeonghee Lee ◽  
Aelee Jang ◽  
Il Choi ◽  
Young-Il Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Entire Population ◽  
Korean Population ◽  
Cancer Center ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
Reduced Risk

Although physical activity (PA) is beneficial for prolonging lifespan, evidence for the protective role of PA against the development of gastric cancer (GC) is not yet well established. This study assessed the association between PA and GC risk in patients with and without Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection in a Korean population. In total, 415 GC patients and 830 controls were enrolled at the National Cancer Center, Korea. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form was used to collect PA data. The odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using unconditional logistic regression models. In the H. pylori-positive group, subjects who engaged in regular exercise showed a significantly reduced risk of GC in the entire population (OR = 0.52, 95% CI = 0.38–0.70) and in females (OR = 0.60, 95% CI = 0.21–0.64). Subjects who engaged in a high level of total PA showed a significantly reduced risk of GC relative to subjects in the lowest tertile in the fully adjusted model (OR = 0.46, 95% CI = 0.32–0.65, p-trend < 0.001). There was an inverse association between PA and GC risk in the entire population, and in the H. pylori-positive subgroup. Our data indicate the need for the promotion of all domains of PA, especially for Korean populations.

Physical activity patterns of adults with visual impairments

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 130-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brooke E Starkoff ◽  
Elizabeth K Lenz ◽  
Lauren J Lieberman ◽  
John Foley ◽  
Danny Too
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Visual Impairments ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Moderate Physical Activity ◽  
Main Effect ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Activity Questionnaire

This study examined physical activity (PA) patterns in adults with visual impairments (VI) using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire–Short Form, assessing moderate physical activity (MPA), vigorous physical activity (VPA), and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). A total of 115 individuals (age: 36.1 ± 13.9 years, body mass index [BMI]: 28 ± 6.9 kg/m2) with VI completed the study. One-way analyses of variance (ANOVAs) were performed on VI (B1, B2, B3, and B4), collapsed VI (blind [B1] vs VI [B2–B4]), gender, and BMI across PA. A 2 × 4 factor ANOVA examined the impact of gender and BMI on PA. B2 walked more than B1 ( p = .021) and walk time was less in B1 ( p = .021) than VI. Males accumulated more MPA ( p = .002) and MVPA ( p = .008), and a greater percentage of males acquired recommended PA ( p = .008). Overweight participants acquired more VPA than normal-weight participants ( p = .020). A main effect for gender ( p = .000) and interaction between gender and BMI ( p = .049) were identified with MPA. Differences in PA based on VI may be a result of barriers specific to B1, suggesting the need for education in this population.

scholarly journals Single and Combinative Impacts of Healthy Eating Behavior and Physical Activity on COVID-19-like Symptoms among Outpatients: A Multi-Hospital and Health Center Survey

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 3258
Author(s):  
Minh H. Nguyen ◽  
Thu T. M. Pham ◽  
Dinh N. Vu ◽  
Binh N. Do ◽  
Hoang C. Nguyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Eating Behavior ◽  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Physical Inactivity ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Healthy Eating Behavior

Background: Healthy eating and physical activity are effective non-pharmacological approaches to boost immune function and contain the pandemic. We aimed to explore the associations and interactions between physical activity and healthy eating behavior with COVID-19-like symptoms (Slike-CV19S). Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 3947 outpatients, from 14 February to 2 March 2020, at nine health facilities in Vietnam. Data collection included sociodemographic characteristics, healthy eating behavior (using the healthy eating score (HES) questionnaire), physical activity (using the short form international physical activity questionnaire), and Slike-CV19S. The associations and interactions were tested using logistic regression models. Results: Frequent intake of fruits (OR = 0.84; p = 0.016), vegetables (OR = 0.72; p = 0.036), and fish (OR = 0.43; p < 0.001) were associated with a lower Slike-CV19S likelihood, as compared with infrequent intake. Patients with higher HES levels (OR = 0.84; p = 0.033 for medium HES; OR = 0.77; p = 0.006 for high HES) or being physically active (OR = 0.69; p < 0.001) had a lower Slike-CV19S likelihood, as compared to those with low HES or physical inactivity, respectively. Patients with medium HES who were physically active (OR = 0.69; p = 0.005), or with high HES and physically active (OR = 0.58; p < 0.001), had a lower Slike-CV19S likelihood, as compared to those with low HES and physical inactivity. Conclusions: Healthy eating behavior and physical activity showed single and combinative impacts on protecting people from Slike-CV19S. Strategic approaches are encouraged to improve healthy behaviors, which may further contribute to containing the pandemic.

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