scholarly journals A-29 Incidence of Invalid ImPACT Baseline Test Results on Initial and Follow-up Assessments among English-Speaking, Spanish-Speaking, and Bilingual Test-takers

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 625-625
Author(s):  
S Ott ◽  
L Gonzalez ◽  
V Ikonomou ◽  
P Schatz
Keyword(s):  
Language Proficiency ◽  
Spanish Speakers ◽  
Initial Assessment ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Spanish Speaking ◽  
Baseline Test ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
Chi Square Analysis

Abstract Objective To identify the rate of ImPACT baseline test results falling below cut-offs for invalidity indicators among English-speaking, Spanish-speaking, and bilingual-speaking, individuals, upon initial assessment and on a follow-up baseline. Method Participants were a large sample of test-takers who completed annual ImPACT baseline assessments in Greater Houston, TX, as a requirement for participation in club- or school-sponsored athletics. Participants were 12–18 years old (mean 15.3, SD = 1.5), predominantly male (69%), and assigned to independent groups on the basis of primary/secondary language: English (N = 9332), English/Spanish (N = 1380), or Spanish (N = 4720). A sub-sample of each group (English N = 815, English/Spanish N = 173, Spanish N = 63) completed 2 baseline assessments (mean 1.2 years between tests, SD = 0.55 years). Results Chi-square analysis revealed a significantly greater likelihood [X2(2) = 28.05; p < .001] of obtaining an invalid baseline for individuals with Spanish as a First (6.3%) or Second (6.9%) Language as compared to individuals speaking only English (4.8%), with an overall rate of 5.6% across all three groups. Upon re-assessment, 5.7% of English, 19% of English-Spanish, and 0% of Spanish-speakers obtained a second “invalid” assessment. The Three Letters (Total Correct < 8) and Design Memory (Learning Percentage < 50) indicators were the most common contributing indicators, across all three groups. Conclusions Primary language appears to be a contributing factor in scoring below cut-offs for invalidity indicators, especially for bilingual English-Spanish speakers. The continued rate of invalidity for the English-Spanish speakers on follow baseline assessments also warrants further review. Given the retrospective nature of this study, potential influences of acculturation and language proficiency were not available and therefore, could not be assessed.

New Perspectives on Risk Factors for Non-fatal Strangulation and Post-assault Imaging

2020 ◽  
pp. 088626052096667
Author(s):  
Grace B. McKee ◽  
Kathy Gill-Hopple ◽  
Daniel W. Oesterle ◽  
Leah E. Daigle ◽  
Amanda K. Gilmore
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Assault ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Bodily Injury ◽  
Weapon Use ◽  
Chi Square Analysis ◽  
Assault Characteristics

Strangulation has long been associated with death in the context of sexual assault and intimate partner violence (IPV). Non-fatal strangulation (NFS) during sexual assault, which refers to strangulation or choking that does not result in death, is common and has been associated with IPV and with bodily injury; however, other factors associated with NFS are unknown. The current study examined demographic and sexual assault characteristics associated with NFS among women who received a sexual assault medical forensic exam (SAMFE). A second purpose of this study was to explore factors associated with receiving follow-up imaging orders after NFS was identified during a SAMFE. Participants ( N = 882) ranged in age from 18 to 81 ( M = 28.85), with the majority identifying as non-Hispanic White (70.4%) or Black/African American (23.4%). A total of 75 women (8.5%) experienced NFS during the sexual assault. Of these, only 13 (17.3%) received follow-up imaging orders for relevant scans. Results from a logistic regression analysis demonstrated that NFS was positively associated with report of anal penetration, intimate partner perpetration, non-genital injury, and weapon use during the assault. Results from chi-square analysis showed that among sexual assaults involving women who experienced NFS, those whose assaults involved weapon use were over four times more likely to receive imaging orders compared to assaults without weapon use. These findings have implications for criminal justice, and if incorporated into danger assessments, could potentially reduce fatalities linked to sexual assault and/or IPV. Additional work is needed to ensure that all assaults with NFS trigger a referral for imaging regardless of other assault characteristics.

scholarly journals Japanese Language and "Characters": From the Perspective of Teaching Japanese as a Foreign Language

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-68
Author(s):  
Yukiko SHUKURI
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Language Proficiency ◽  
Proficiency Test ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Japanese Language ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Textbook Research ◽  
Language Proficiency Test

This paper introduces current status of "role language" and the "speaker's character" and their applications in Japanese teaching materials. Besides it studies the knowledge of Russian learners of Japanese and carefully examines their knowledge of four typical kinds of "role language" in Japanese anime and manga by using a questionnaire and follow-up interviews. From the results of the textbook research, the following two things are revealed; (a) first person pronouns except for watashi are rarely used, (b) there is not enough explanations about different "speaker's characters" in detail. Furthermore, findings of the questionnaire show that some of the learners who have the same impression of the characters as Japanese native speakers, wrongly connect a certain "role language" to illustrations of a character, and results of as much as three kinds of "role language" have a low positive correlation with the learners' results of the Japanese Language Proficiency Test. Results also reveal that all four kinds of "role language" have no correlation with other factors, such as student's duration of learning Japanese, or frequency of the use of Japanese outside the classroom.

Housing Stability and Transactional Sex among Spanish-Speaking and English-Speaking Transgender Women

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-141
Author(s):  
John A. Sauceda ◽  
Edda I. Santiago-Rodriguez ◽  
Gaspar Zaragoza ◽  
Catherine E. Rivas ◽  
Luz Venegas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regression Model ◽  
San Francisco ◽  
Transgender Women ◽  
Spanish Speakers ◽  
Transactional Sex ◽  
English Speakers ◽  
Lower Probability ◽  
Housing Stability ◽  
Spanish Speaking ◽  
English Speaking

There is evidence for a relationship between housing instability and transactional sex among transgender women. However, less is known about this relationship among monolingual Spanish-speaking transgender women. We compared Spanish- and English-speaking transgender women for differences in ever reporting transactional sex, and if perceived housing stability moderated these differences. Using a cross-sectional design, we surveyed 186 Spanish- and English-speaking transgender women in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and the San Francisco Bay Area, California. All variables in this study were from a brief demographic questionnaire in a larger parent study. Using a multivariate regression model for moderation, we tested whether the odds for reporting transactional sex were different between English and Spanish speakers, and whether housing stability moderated these odds. Overall, Spanish and English speakers reporting similar percentages of transactional sex (52.3–53.8%) and similar scores on the housing stability measure. In the moderation regression model, Spanish speakers had 7.9 times the adjusted odds of transaction sex, versus English speakers, but housing stability moderated the probability of transactional sex in the form of a crossover interaction. That is, lesser housing stability was associated with a higher probability of reporting transactional sex among Spanish speakers, yet greater housing stability was also associated with lower probability of reporting transactional sex. Housing stability evidenced both a risk and protective role for Spanish-speaking transgender women, which highlight the importance of this basic health need.

Abstract 184: Unraveling Disparities: Stroke Literacy, Self-Efficacy, and Perceptions of Care Among Spanish-Speaking Stroke Survivors

Stroke ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pamela Cheng ◽  
Barbara Vickrey ◽  
Frances Barry ◽  
Monica Ayala-Rivera ◽  
Eric Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Healthcare Delivery ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Quality Of Healthcare ◽  
Care Patient ◽  
Spanish Speakers ◽  
Stroke Survivors ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Spanish Speaking ◽  
Perceptions Of Care

Background: Approximately 25 million people in the US are Limited English Proficient (LEP). LEP individuals are more likely to feel dissatisfied with the quality of healthcare when compared to the English proficient, but little is known about LEP stroke survivors. Objective: To evaluate differences in stroke literacy, self-efficacy, and perceptions of healthcare delivery in English and Spanish-speaking individuals enrolled in the Secondary stroke prevention by Uniting Community and Chronic care model teams Early to End Disparities (SUCCEED) trial. Methods: SUCCEED participants were given the option of receiving the intervention in English or Spanish. Baseline differences in stroke literacy (Schneider et al), self-efficacy (General Self-Efficacy Scale), and perceptions of care (Patient Assessment of Chronic Illness Care and Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems) were compared using T-test, Chi Square, and Fisher Exact in individuals who chose Spanish vs. English. Results: Of 487 participants, 207 preferred English and 280 chose Spanish. Despite feeling more worried about having a stroke (77 % vs. 67%), and feeling at risk of having a stroke (63% vs. 45%), Spanish-speakers were less likely to identify 3 stroke risk factors (19% vs. 33%, all p<0.05). Half of Spanish-speakers had difficulty understanding what was being told to them (50% vs. 30%), and less than half felt confident filling out medical forms (40% vs. 70%, both p<0.05). Spanish-speakers responded favorably about the ease of hospital admission or accessing medical care (80% vs. 55% and 72% vs. 53%), but responded negatively about providers spending enough time with them or explaining things in a way that was easy to understand (56% vs. 24% and 52% vs. 28%, all p<0.05). Spanish-speakers were more likely to feel that providers did not listen or respect what they had to say (52% vs. 22% and 44% vs. 17%, both p<0.05). Conclusion: Among stroke survivors, Spanish-speakers were more likely to have low stroke literacy, low self-efficacy, and a negative perception of healthcare delivery despite feeling that healthcare was accessible. Recognizing language barriers as a contributor to healthcare disparities, and tailoring interventions to address these barriers are crucial.

The Prevalence of Persistent Intradialytic Hypertension in a Hemodialysis Population with Extended Follow-Up

2012 ◽  
Vol 35 (12) ◽  
pp. 1031-1038 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter N. Van Buren ◽  
Catherine Kim ◽  
Robert D. Toto ◽  
Jula K. Inrig
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Hemodialysis Patients ◽  
Weight Changes ◽  
Mixed Linear Models ◽  
Ultrafiltration Rate ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Median Percentage ◽  
Chi Square Analysis

Background Intradialytic hypertension, a phenomenon where blood pressure increases during hemodialysis, is associated with increased mortality in hemodialysis patients. The proportion of patients in which intradialytic hypertension persists over time is unknown. Methods In a retrospective cohort study, we studied all patients from our outpatient hemodialysis units that received ≥1 month of treatments during the period from January to August 2010. We reviewed all pre- and post-hemodialysis blood pressure and weight measurements from 22,955 treatments during this study period. We defined intradialytic hypertension as an increase in systolic blood pressure ≥10 mmHg from pre- to post-hemodialysis. Individual patients were defined as having persistent intradialytic hypertension if the change in blood pressure from pre- to post-hemodialysis, when averaged throughout the study period, was ≥+10 mmHg. We calculated weight changes between and during hemodialysis and defined ultrafiltration rate per treatment as ultrafiltration volume divided by minutes on hemodialysis. We compared patients with and without persistent intradialytic hypertension using chi-square analysis and mixed linear models. Results The prevalence of intradialytic hypertension was 21.3 per 100 treatments. The median percentage of intradialytic hypertension treatments per patient was 17.8% (9–31.3%, interquartile range). The prevalence of persistent intradialytic hypertension was 8 per 100 patients. Patients with persistent intradialytic hypertension had lower ultrafiltration rate compared to other patients (10.4 vs. 12.2 ml/min, p = 0.02). Conclusions Intradialytic hypertension is a persistent phenomenon in a subset of hemodialysis patients. Ultrafiltration rate was the only volume-related variable that differed between patients with and without persistent intradialytic hypertension.

NT2 ervaringen in Amsterdam

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 160-179
Author(s):  
Fleur Verbiest ◽  
Jan D. ten Thije
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Language Proficiency ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Spanish Speakers ◽  
Dutch Government ◽  
Dutch Society ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Spanish Speaking ◽  
Dutch Language

According to the Dutch government it is essential for migrants to learn Dutch in order to achieve social and economic independency. This article states that Dutch language proficiency is not necessary in order to survive for Spanish speaking migrants who live in Amsterdam. This statement is supported with results that are obtained through participant observation at Spanish speaking migrant organisations and 25 focus interviews with Spanish speakers. The research results lead to the conclusion that Spanish speaking migrants in Amsterdam survive by using English. The citizens of Amsterdam make it difficult for Spanish speaking migrants to learn Dutch because they prefer to speak English with them. Furthermore, also at the current labour market, Dutch is not used as an effective means of communication but instead as a selection tool. Knowledge of Dutch is only experienced as essential by Spanish speaking migrants who want to integrate and understand Dutch society.

On-road assessment of fitness-to-drive in persons with MS with cognitive impairment: A prospective study

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (11) ◽  
pp. 1499-1506 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah A Morrow ◽  
Sherrilene Classen ◽  
Miriam Monahan ◽  
Tim Danter ◽  
Robert Taylor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Processing Speed ◽  
Physical Disability ◽  
Neuropsychological Test ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Fitness To Drive ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Visual Spatial ◽  
Chi Square Analysis ◽  
A Prospective Study

Background: Cognitive impairment is common in multiple sclerosis (MS). In other populations, cognitive impairment is known to affect fitness-to-drive. Few studies have focused on fitness-to-drive in MS and no studies have solely focused on the influence of cognitive impairment. Objective: To assess fitness-to-drive in persons with MS with cognitive impairment and low physical disability. Methods: Persons with MS, aged 18–59 years with EDSS ⩽ 4.0, impaired processing speed, and impairment on at least one measure of memory or executive function, were recruited. Cognition was assessed using the Minimal Assessment of Cognitive Function battery. A formal on-road driving assessment was conducted. Chi-square analysis examined the association between the fitness-to-drive (pass/fail) and the neuropsychological test results (normal/impaired). Bayesian statistics predicting failure of the on-road assessment were calculated. Results: Of 36 subjects, eight (22.2%) were unfit to drive. Only the BVMTR-IR, measuring visual-spatial memory, predicted on-road driving assessment failure ( X2 ( df = 1, N = 36) = 3.956; p = 0.047) with a sensitivity of 100%, but low specificity (35.7%) due to false positives (18/25). Conclusion: In persons with MS and impaired processing speed, impairment on the BVMTR-IR should lead clinicians to address fitness-to-drive.

scholarly journals Hubungan antara Dukungan Keluarga dengan Perilaku Ibu dalam Pemberian ASI Eksklusif DI Desa Trenyang Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Sumberpucung

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-160
Author(s):  
Ririn Kurniawati ◽  
Wyssie Ika Sari ◽  
Dita Islamiah
Keyword(s):  
Family Support ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Control Approach ◽  
Health Officer ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
Chi Square Analysis ◽  
The Relationship

Mother's Milk (ASI) is the best food that contains all nutrients needed by infants aged 0-6 months. Breast milk can affect the growth and development of bayp. The purpose of this study was to identify the relationship between family support and mother's behavior in providing exclusive ASI in the trenyang village Sumber Pucung health center. This research was conducted with a case control approach. The variable in this study is the dependent variable family support, the independent variable exclusive breast feeding. The research was carried out in trenyang village, the working area of Sumber Pucung, sampling purposive sampling with a large sample of 96 infants aged 7-24 months. Date were then tested using chi square analysis. Chi squere test results obtained p (0.015) <0.05 then H1 is accepted and rejected by H0, which means there is a relationship between family support and maternal behavior in providing exclusive breastfeeding in trenyang village Sumber Pucung. And the value obtained OR = 2.77 means that family support gives 2.77 times the opportunity for family support. Conclusion of this research is all family give support to mother's behavior in providing exclusive ASI health officer should increase cooperation with mom family because support will increase the mom�s self supporting. Health workers are expected to increase cooperation with Posyandu cadres because family support will increase independence for mothers in exclusivebreastfeeding.

scholarly journals Status OHIS-S dan Kesehatan Gingiva terhadap Percaya Diri Pada Remaja

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 51-55
Author(s):  
Erwin Erwin ◽  
Suhikma Sofyan ◽  
Andi Nur Asmayanti
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
School Type ◽  
Public High School ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Gingival Health ◽  
Chi Square Analysis ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

OHI-S is a state of oral and dental hygiene measured by a debris score and calculus of a person's teeth. Gingiva is part of the outer periodontal tissue. Self-confidence is a positive attitude of someone who enables him to develop a positive assessment of himself and his environment. The aim of the study was to determine the relationship of OHI-S status and gingival health to self-confidence in class VII adolescents at Unaaha 2 Public High School. Type of correlative analytic research with cross sectional approach. Data collection techniques are questionnaire and examination. The sample amounted to 103 people. Analysis techniques with the SPSS program and statistical tests using chi square. The test results of the relationship of OHI-S status to confidence with the chi square analysis test. The value of ρ-value = 0.00 <α = 0.05 thus H0 is rejected and H1 is accepted so that there is a relationship between the status of OHI-S and self confidence in adolescents of class VII at Unaaha Public High School 2. The test results on the relationship of gingival health to self-confidence with the chi-square analysis value ρ-value = 0.00 <α = 0.05 thus H0 is rejected and H1 is accepted so that there is a relationship between gingival health status and confidence in class VII youth at Unaaha 2 Public High School.

scholarly journals Outcomes of Tricuspid Regurgitation after Percutaneous Mitral Commissurotomy

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 9-19
Author(s):  
Bryan Rene F. Toledano ◽  
Maria Johanna Jaluage-Villanueva ◽  
Sharon Marisse Lacson
Keyword(s):  
Tricuspid Regurgitation ◽  
Numerical Data ◽  
Functional Class ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Severe Tricuspid Regurgitation ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Echocardiographic Parameters ◽  
Mitral Commissurotomy

PURPOSE The gap in evidence in the management of multivalvular lesions can be addressed by providing more data on clinical and echocardiographic outcomes after Percutaneous Mitral commissurotomy (PMC). METHODS Participants were Filipinos aged >/= 19 years old, admitted due to severe mitral stenosis with moderate to severe tricuspid regurgitation (TR). The outcome of PMC was divided into 2 groups: Significant TR which included the progression of moderate to severe TR or persistence of severe TR and Insignificant TR group which included those with mild TR, regression to moderate to mild TR, severe to moderate, or persistence of moderate TR. These groups were compared from baseline, 24th hour, 1st month, and 6th month using the same echocardiographic parameters. The numerical data between significant and nonsignificant tricuspid regurgitation were compared using non-parametric Mann Whitney U test and categorical data using the Chi-Square test. RESULTS A total of 38 participants were analyzed. On the 24th-hour post- PTMC, the Significant TR group had significantly higher RAVI (42.3 vs 26.1, p=.004), RVD mid (3.81 vs 2.92, p=.001), SPAP (60.5 vs 38.5, p=.003), and RVOT (2.8 vs 2.2, p=.001) and lower MV planimetry (1.25 vs 1.58, p=.009); On the 1st-month RVD mid (3.4 vs 2.8, p=.02) and TV annulus (3.35 vs 2.76, p=0.10) were significantly higher in the Significant TR group; On the 6th month RAVI (59 vs 24.7, p=.001), RVD mid (4 vs 2.73, p=.006), and TV annulus (4.5 vs 2.67 p=.001) were significantly higher in the Significant TR group when compared to Insignificant TR group. CONCLUSION PMC improved baseline parameters of SPAP, MV planimetry, MV gradient, and functional class on short-term follow-up on both groups of TR. Majority of outcomes after the procedure had insignificant TR. However, those with significant TR had higher RVD mid and TV annulus from the 24th hour to 6 months when compared to the insignificant TR group.

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