scholarly journals Pneumococcal and meningococcal vaccines - A significant reduction of pediatric admissions and deaths

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Elias ◽  
P Nogueira ◽  
P Sousa
Keyword(s):  
Public Hospital ◽  
Pneumococcal Pneumonia ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Vaccine Preventable Diseases ◽  
The Public ◽  
Mainland Portugal ◽  
Fold Reduction ◽  
National Vaccination Programme

Abstract Background Mortality rates associated with paediatric inpatient stays in mainland Portuguese Hospitals have decreased approximately 50%, between 2000 and 2016, despite the majority of deaths occurring in hospitals. During this timeframe meningococcal and pneumococcal vaccines were introduced in the National Vaccination Programme (NVP). In this study, the authors analyzed admission and mortality rates associated with vaccine preventable diseases such as pneumococcal and meningococcal disease. Methods A sequential cross-sectional retrospective study was performed, from 2000 and 2016, to assess the hospitalizations for meningitis, sepsis and pneumonia of children and adolescents at the SNS (National Health Service) hospitals in mainland Portugal. An administrative Portuguese database that contains all the public hospital admissions to mainland Portugal hospitals was utilized and diagnoses were coded per ICD9. National Institute Of Statistics (INE) data was accessed as reference. All admissions of individuals 17 years old and younger were analysed. Results A 10-fold reduction of admissions and deaths for pneumococcal pneumonia and a 3-fold reduction of meningococcal sepsis were observed after the introduction of the antipneumococcal and antimeningococcal vaccine in the NVP, respectively. Conclusions These results highlight the importance of vaccination to prevent illness, hospital admissions and deaths in children and can provide evidence to educate the public towards vaccination. Key messages The results highlight the importance of vaccination to prevent illness, hospital admissions and deaths in children. The results show a 10x reduction in pneumococcal pneumonia hospital admission and deaths and a 3x in meningococcal meningitis.

scholarly journals Adherence Improvement of Five Moments Hand Hygiene with Increasing Motivation of Nurses

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
Menik Kustriyani ◽  
Ivana Probo Kaeksi ◽  
Tamrin Tamrin
Keyword(s):  
Hand Hygiene ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Public Hospital ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Public ◽  
Joint Commission International ◽  
R Value ◽  
Spearman Test

Joint Commission International ( JCI ) required the achievement of 100% five moment hand hygiene for the nurses who have provided care to patients. The adherence of five moments hand hygiene has been done to reduce the incidence of nosocomial infections. The adherence of five moments hand hygiene has been determined by inside and outside factors, and one of the inside factors is the motivation. The research is a qualitative research with cross sectional approach. The number of sample is 153 nurses with the proportionate random sampling technique at the Public Hospital of Loekmono Hadi Kudus. The research instruments used the questionaire and observation sheet. The research showed the result of Rank Spearman test p value = 0,000 with r value = 0.296, positive correlation means that the higher the nurse motivation, the higher the nurse aderence of five moment hand hygiene.

scholarly journals Prevalence and costs of hospitalizations for poisoning and accidental intoxication in Brazilian elderly

2013 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 679-687
Author(s):  
Marcelle Silva de Abreu ◽  
Silvandro Diego de Albuquerque Ferreira ◽  
Larissa Pelágia de Lima Ferreira ◽  
José Ferreira Toneo Júnior ◽  
Wamberto Vieira Maciel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Average Length ◽  
Length Of Hospital Stay ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Microsoft Excel ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Alcohol And Drugs ◽  
Elderly Males

A cross-sectional study of secondary data/information obtained from the Hospital Information System (HIS) spanning the years 2008 - 2009 was performed. The distribution of the main hospital admissions by gender, age, color/race, region and federal unit of residence, average expenditure and average length of hospital stay, year of hospitalization and mortality rates (MR) were studied. The data collected were tabulated by TabNet and keyed into Microsoft Excel 2007. It was verified that elderly males (54.3%), from 60 to 69 years old (50.6%), nonwhites (36.3%) and residents of Southeast and North regions of the country had the highest rates of hospitalization. Seniors were hospitalized for an average of 4.8 days, and the major causes were exposure to alcohol (43.7%) and to drugs (33.9%). Expenses related to hospital admissions were, on average, R$ 529,817.70. The highest mortality rates were recorded among females (MR = 4.34), in elderly, 80 years or older (MR = 10.16) and Caucasians (MR = 3.95), where pharmacological substances with action on the Autonomic Nervous System were the leading cause of death. There are demographic differences in morbi-mortality of these elderly since, although men and younger elderly were the main victims, women and elderly of advanced age have greater mortality. The leading causes of hospitalization were alcohol and drugs.

scholarly journals Perceptions of Chinese Towards Dementia in Hong Kong—Diagnosis, Symptoms and Impacts

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tai Pong Lam ◽  
Kai Sing Sun ◽  
Hoi Yan Chan ◽  
Chak Sing Lau ◽  
Kwok Fai Lam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Public Hospital ◽  
Legal Issues ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Dementia Patient ◽  
Early Screening ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Public ◽  
Diagnosis Of Dementia

The increasing prevalence of dementia has become a public health issue worldwide including China. This study aims to explore the perception of Chinese in Hong Kong towards the diagnosis, symptoms and impacts of dementia. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among outpatients (without diagnosed dementia) attending a regional public hospital using a standard questionnaire. The results from 290 respondents showed that most preferred to be told about the diagnosis of dementia as soon as possible if they got it, in order to deal with the news and to access treatment and support early. Nearly two thirds of the respondents perceived practical issues (61.3%), physical health (61.0%), and emotional distress (58.4%) as their most fearful impacts, while legal issues (7.4%) were their least concerns. Family history/genes (79.1%) and brain injury (75.9%) were the most commonly perceived causes of dementia. For symptoms, respondents were more likely to identify cognitive impairments than undesirable behaviours. The accepting and proactive attitudes of the public indicate that there is a timely need of more public education about the disease, early screening and better continuity of care to fulfil the anticipated increase of the dementia patient population.

scholarly journals THE IMPACT ANALYSIS OF MOTIVATION, TRAINING, AND WORK ENVIRONMENT TO NURSES PERFORMANCE IN PATIENT SAFETY

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 54
Author(s):  
Fushen Fushen ◽  
Meylona Verawaty Zendrato
Keyword(s):  
Patient Safety ◽  
Work Environment ◽  
Public Hospital ◽  
Impact Analysis ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Public ◽  
Increasing Demand ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Impact

The development of hospitals in health industry as economic institutions and the establishment of many new hospitals increase the number of nurses needed while the number of nurses produced cannot keep pace with the increasing demand. In hospital services, nurse is the most frequently interacted person with patients and are fully responsible for patient care, including in terms of patient safety. This study aims to obtain empirical evidence about the effect of motivation, training and work environment on the performance of nurses in patient safety in the Public Hospital. Expected output from this study can be used as a reference to determine the policy for nurse management at the hospital. This is a correlational analytic study with a cross-sectional approach and descriptive method of verification. The research was conducted in a Public Hospital in Jakarta. The research sample are 90 nurses working in inpatient wards. The hypothesis of this study were analyzed with path analysis methods. The results of this study showed a significant positive effect between motivation and performance (20.7%), training and performance (21.8%), working environment and performance (20.7%), and the simultaneous influence from motivation, training, and working environment on the performance (63.2% ).

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC STATUS OF PATIENTS

2008 ◽  
Vol 15 (02) ◽  
pp. 270-272
Author(s):  
AYESHA ASHFAQ ◽  
NOOR FATIMA ◽  
SEEMA DAUD ◽  
Ahsen Nazir Ahmed ◽  
Zakariya Imam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Public Hospital ◽  
Private Hospital ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Public ◽  
Improve Compliance ◽  
Status Assessment ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospitals

Objective: To determine whether or not doctors assess the socio-economicstatus of their patients in order to customize treatment and improve compliance. Design: A cross-sectional Setting:Jinnah Hospital and Shalimar Hospital Lahore. Period: From March to June 2005 Methods & Material: Ninety-threepatients were included from each of the two randomly selected tertiary care hospitals (one public, one private) ofLahore. Doctor-patient encounters were observed. Results: No assessment was made for 134/186(72%) patients.51/186(27.4%) received an inadequate assessment. Only 01/186(0.5 %) patient received a thorough assessment ofhis socioeconomic status. Doctors in the private hospital made better effort to assess the socioeconomic backgroundof the patient (albeit inadequately), compared to those in the public hospital (p: < 0.0001). Conclusion: Doctors shouldbe regular and meticulous in patients’ socioeconomic status assessment.

scholarly journals Significant differences in cesarean section rates between a private and a public hospital in Brazil

2008 ◽  
Vol 24 (12) ◽  
pp. 2909-2918 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sueli de Almeida ◽  
Heloisa Bettiol ◽  
Marco Antonio Barbieri ◽  
Antônio Augusto Moura da Silva ◽  
Valdinar Sousa Ribeiro
Keyword(s):  
Public Hospital ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Private Hospital ◽  
Early Morning ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cesarean Sections ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Public ◽  
The City ◽  
Maternity Clinic

This paper evaluates the association of maternal variables and of variables related to prenatal and delivery care with cesarean sections at a public and at a private maternity. A retrospective cross-sectional study was performed at a public maternity clinic (2,889 deliveries) and at a private maternity clinic (2,911 deliveries) in the city of Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo State, Brazil. The prevalence of cesarean sections was 18.9% at the public maternity clinic and 84.3% at the private one. The factors associated with cesarean sections at both hospitals were: mothers from other cities, aged > 25 years and with hypertension. Having more than one child was a protective factor. At the public hospital, cesarean sections were more frequent on Wednesdays and from 12:00 to 23:59 hours of any day of the week, whereas at the private hospital they occurred on any day, though were less common on Sundays, and at any time except in the early morning. At the private hospital, cesarean sections were more frequent when performed by the doctor who had provided the prenatal care. Non-medical factors were more associated with cesarean sections in the private maternity clinic than biological or clinical factors related to pregnancy.

TO EVALUATE THE PERFORMANCE OF A TEACHING HOSPITAL BY COMBINING THE HOSPITAL INDICES USING THE PABON LOSSO MODEL DURING THE SURVEILLANCE BY AUTHORITIES:HAWTHORNE EFFECT

2021 ◽  
pp. 75-77
Author(s):  
C. Narender Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Public Hospital ◽  
Quality Care ◽  
Hospital Performance ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Hawthorne Effect ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
The Public

BACKGROUND:The patients' health care choice is diverting from the private health provider to the public hospital due to introduction of various schemes and incentives by the policy makers. The limited resources are posing a challenge to the hospital administrator in escalating demands, diversity and complexity of diseases of patients. The hospital performance enhances steadily by the monitoring authorities' surveillance. It is an effective method for improving quality care in the public hospital. The Hawthorne effect is a term referring to the tendency of people to work harder and increases in effectiveness of organization when they are being observed. OBJECTIVES: 1. To assess the performance of a teaching hospital during surveillance by calculating the hospital indices, using the Pabon Losso Model. 2. To evaluate whether the Hawthorne effect is the cause of the increase in the effectiveness of hospital. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was a prospective and record based cross-sectional study and conducted at Government teaching hospital over a period of 18 months. RESULTS: st A total of 18 months period census report was recorded from January 2016 to June 2017and hospital indices were estimated. The 1 phase of surveillance (January- 2016 to May -2016), where immense supervision was present, with performance feed- back, BOR was 88.65, nd ALOS was 3.932, BTR was 7.074 and BTI was 0.54, 2 phase of surveillance which was intensied with communication and committee meetings rd (June-2016 to October- 2016), BOR was 95.59, ALOS was 3.49, BTR was 7.03 and BTI was 0.886, 3 phase weaning period, where a little th supervision (November -2016 to February-2017) BOR was 87.8, ALOS was 4.1, BTR was 6.413 and BTI was 0.5725 and 4 phase self sustain stage or no observations phase, BOR was 92.6, ALOS was 3.47, BTR was 6.547 and BTI was 0.28. CONCLUSION: The surveillance of higher authorities over the hospital had increased the performance. Hospital efciency is reected by increased hospital indices. The cause and effect is the “Hawthorne effect”. Therefore it is concluded that the surveillance increases the performance and efciency of the public hospitals.

scholarly journals HOSPITAL INSTITUTIONS OF ELDERLY PERSONS IN THE PUBLIC SYSTEM IN THE STATE OF PIAUÍ IN 2017

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Beatriz Pedra Branca Dourado ◽  
Ionara Raquel Alves Carvalho de Sousa ◽  
Géssica Feitosa de Sá Santos ◽  
Juliana Maria Lima Craveiro ◽  
Tereza Cristina Araújo da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory System ◽  
Social Inequalities ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Elderly Persons ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Public System ◽  
The Public ◽  
Preventive Actions

Objective: to characterize the profile of hospital admissions of the elderly in the public system of Piauí in the year 2017. Methodology: cross-sectional and retrospective study, based on the data available in the Information System on Morbidity of the Ministry of Health in the page of the Department of Information Technology of SUS (DATASUS). Results: The elderly were in the age group of 80 years or older, were male and 24.7% had diseases of the circulatory system. The main cause of mortality was diseases of the respiratory system, with 12 (25%) deaths. Floriano's macroregion was where 45% of cases of hospitalization occurred. Conclusion: Educational and preventive actions should be implemented through health care policies, with the aim of limiting the social inequalities of care coverage to the populations of macro regions, in order to interrupt the cycle of gravity of the causes of the circulatory and respiratory system in the elderly

scholarly journals COVID-19 vaccination acceptability in the UK at the start of the vaccination programme: a nationally representative cross-sectional survey (CoVAccS wave 2)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Mary Sherman ◽  
Julius Sim ◽  
Megan Cutts ◽  
Hannah Dasch ◽  
Richard Amlot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vaccination Programme ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Attitudes And Beliefs ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Public ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Full Regression Model ◽  
National Vaccination Programme

Aim: To investigate factors associated with intention to have the COVID-19 vaccination following initiation of the UK national vaccination programme. Methods: 1,500 adults completed an online cross-sectional survey (13th to 15th January 2021). Linear regression analyses were used to investigate associations between intention to be vaccinated for COVID-19 and sociodemographic factors, previous influenza vaccination, attitudes and beliefs about COVID-19, attitudes and beliefs about COVID-19 vaccination and vaccination in general. Participants main reasons for likely vaccination uptake/decline were also solicited. Results: 73.5% of participants (95% CI 71.2%, 75.7%) reported being likely to be vaccinated against COVID-19, 17.3% were unsure (95% CI 15.4%, 19.3%), and 9.3% (95% CI 7.9%, 10.8%) reported being unlikely to be vaccinated. The full regression model explained 69.8% of the variance in intention. Intention was associated with having been/intending to be vaccinated for influenza last winter/this winter, and with stronger beliefs about social acceptability of a COVID-19 vaccine; the need for vaccination; adequacy of information about the vaccine; and weaker beliefs that the vaccine is unsafe. Beliefs that only those at serious risk of illness should be vaccinated and that the vaccines are just a means for manufacturers to make money were negatively associated with vaccination intention. Conclusions: Most participants reported being likely to get the COVID-19 vaccination. COVID-19 vaccination attitudes and beliefs are a crucial factor underpinning vaccine intention. Continued engagement with the public with a focus on the importance and safety of vaccination is recommended.

scholarly journals Factors Related To Job Satisfaction Among Nurses

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Majlinda Zahaj ◽  
Aurela Saliaj ◽  
Lorina Metani ◽  
Sonila Nika ◽  
Evis Alushi
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Public Hospital ◽  
Intrinsic Factor ◽  
Nursing Profession ◽  
Extrinsic Factor ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Satisfaction Scale ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Public

Background: The level of job satisfaction affects not only the quality of the function exercised by the nurse, but also patient satisfaction, therefore it is very important for health care institutions to measure these perceptions amongst nurses. Aim of the study: This research had assessed the job satisfaction among nurses in the Public Hospital Vlora, Albania and the contributing factors on it. Method: Data of this cross-sectional research were collected using a questionnaire which measures job satisfaction, based on Mueller and McCloskey Satisfaction Scale (MMSS), adapted. Results: The professional pleasure that nurses sense to their profession is close to neutral (x = 2.92), with the trend to dissatisfaction. Most important extrinsic factor that affects the intensity of satisfaction in the nursing profession is 'monthly payment' (4.5 points), while as the most important intrinsic factor is ranked "career escalation" (3.84 points). Conclusions: In conclusion, we can say that the level of professional satisfaction among nurses involved in this study was below the average. Less satisfied groups from nursing profession were young people and high educated nurses. The low level of professional gratifying is expressed as well in the fact that over 70% of nurses in the study would like to practice another profession.

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