scholarly journals Immigration-Related Trauma Associated With Metabolic Risk and Cognition in Hispanic and Latino Immigrant Populations

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 77-77
Author(s):  
Erica Diminich ◽  
Kristine Ajrouch ◽  
Toni Antonucci ◽  
Sean Clouston ◽  
Irving Vega ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Aging ◽  
Emotional Reactivity ◽  
The United States ◽  
Blood Draw ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Immigrant Populations ◽  
Latino Immigrant ◽  
Elevated Glucose ◽  
Latino Adults ◽  
Hispanic And Latino

Abstract Recent immigrant and undocumented Hispanic/Latino adults in the United States (U.S.) are an underserved segment of the aging population. In this cross-sectional pilot study, we examined associations between self-reported stressors metabolic syndrome, emotional reactivity, and cognitive functioning in a heterogenous sample (N=80) of Hispanic/Latino adults (43.8% Central America; 43.8% South America; 7.5% Caribbean; mean years in the U.S.=18.1, SD=12.8). Participants (Meducation=10.2 years, SD=5.34; Mage=48.6 years, SD=12.3) underwent blood draw, anthropometrics and NIH-toolbox cognitive and behavioral measures. Linear regressions indicated that, elevated glucose was inversely associated with working memory (r=-.30), whereas higher HDL and controlled glucose were associated with better episodic memory (r=.27) and executive functioning (r=.32). Results further revealed associations between immigration-related trauma and elevated posttraumatic stress symptomatology. Implications for mental health and early detection of modifiable risk factors to promote healthy aging in vulnerable Hispanic/Latino immigrant populations are discussed.

Tracking Ignorance: Examining Changes in Immigrant Population Innumeracy in the United States from 2005 to 2013

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 329-339
Author(s):  
Daniel Herda
Keyword(s):  
Population Size ◽  
The United States ◽  
Immigrant Population ◽  
Foreign Born ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Past ◽  
Immigrant Populations ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The U.S ◽  
Over Time

Citizens’ tendency to overestimate the size of immigrant populations has been the subject of several studies over the past three decades. While we have learned a great deal about the extent, causes, and potential consequences of this population innumeracy, our understanding remains static. The current letter offers the first longitudinal consideration of immigrant population size misperceptions with an analysis across a nine-year span in the U.S. This study considers: 1) whether misperceptions have changed over time; 2) how these changes compare to the growth of the actual foreign-born population size; and 3) whether these changes are related to demographic and ideological factors. Results indicate that misperceptions have grown rapidly in the U.S, far outpacing the modest, actual increases across the period. Pooled cross-sectional analyses indicate that demographic factors do not explain the growth in misperceptions. However, the overestimates of politically conservative Americans have grown increasingly extreme over time.

scholarly journals Association of Subjective Social Status With Life's Simple 7s Cardiovascular Health Index Among Hispanic/Latino People: Results From the HCHS/SOL

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lissette M. Piedra ◽  
Flavia C. D. Andrade ◽  
Rosalba Hernandez ◽  
Krista M. Perreira ◽  
Linda C. Gallo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Status ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Heart Association ◽  
The United States ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Latino People ◽  
Latino Adults

Background Evidence suggests that subjective (perceived) social status (SSS) may predict health outcomes more strongly than objective social status, but little is known about the relationship between SSS and cardiovascular health (CVH). This study focuses on this relationship among diverse Hispanic/Latino adults because while poor CVH profiles are prevalent in this population, immigration complicates attempts to measure their social status. Methods and Results We analyzed baseline HCHS/SOL (Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos) data on 15 374 Hispanic/Latino adults aged 18 to 74 years in 2008 to 2011. SSS was assessed using the McArthur Scale, a 10‐rung “social ladder.” CVH was based on levels of 7 metrics defined by the American Heart Association. Linear and logistic regressions were used to examine cross‐sectional associations of SSS with CVH (overall and single metrics) after adjusting for objective social status, demographic, and health factors. Less than half of the population (46%) had Ideal scores in ≥4 metrics of CVH. In multivariable‐adjusted models, an increase in SSS was associated with a higher overall CVH score (β=0.04; 95% CI, 0.01–0.06) and greater likelihood of Ideal levels of body mass index, physical activity, and fasting blood glucose levels. Nativity and time in the United States modified the association between SSS and Ideal smoking. Conclusions Subjective measures of social status can enhance an understanding of CVH among Hispanic/Latino people. Future studies should explore the stability of SSS over time in comparison with objective social status and the mechanisms through which SSS may influence CVH.

scholarly journals 1633. Human Co-infection with Borrelia burgdorferi and Babesia microti Among High-Risk Hispanic/Latino Workers on Eastern Long Island, New York: A Preliminary Cross-Sectional Analysis in 2016

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. S596-S596
Author(s):  
Stalin Vilcarromero ◽  
Ana M Nunez ◽  
Katherine Vivas ◽  
Saadia Mahmood ◽  
Julianna Russo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
The United States ◽  
Initial Study ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Babesia Microti ◽  
Blood Draw ◽  
Stiff Neck ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Prevalence

Abstract Background Lyme disease has serious public health implications and has a high prevalence in Suffolk County, NY. Furthermore, there is a high risk for coinfection with Babesiosis, a potentially life-threatening tick-borne infection in the same area. This population-based cohort study was implemented in 2016 to assess the risk factors for Borreliosis among the Hispanic/Latino work population, which gave us the opportunity to measure clinical and epidemiological features of co-infection. Methods Invitation to participate in the study occurred during a Spanish educational lecture about tick-borne diseases. Following signed informed consent, a questionnaire and blood sample were obtained for each participant Borreliosis was defined based on 2-tiered serologic testing. Antibodies to B. microti were detected by indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA). Between June and December 2016, 126/199 (66%) with a completed visit 1 (survey and blood draw) were included in the first analysis. Results Sample characteristics include 60% 18–39 years old, 75% male, 79% had elementary school education or less, 86% reported having tick exposure, 79% lived in Eastern North Fork, 65% lived 10 or more years in the United States, and 48% were gardeners and landscapers. The seroprevalence for Borreliosis burgdorferi, Babesiosis microti, and co-infection were n = 13(10.3%), n = 36 (28.6%), and n = 7 (5.6%), respectively. In the univariate analysis having a fatigue severity score of <4 or having fatigue most of the time or stiff neck or joint pain or facial paralysis, or a previous diagnosis of other tick-borne diseases were associated with co-infection (Pearson chi-square, P < 0.05). Conclusion However, none of these factors were statistically significant in the multivariate analysis after adjusting for the above variables. In this initial study, a high prevalence of Babesiosis was found. A larger sample size may be needed to better assess the risk of coinfection in this Lyme endemic area. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

Negative and positive emotional eating uniquely interact with ease of activation, intensity, and duration of emotional reactivity to predict increased binge eating

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wesley R. Barnhart ◽  
Abby Braden ◽  
Amy K. Jordan
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Binge Eating ◽  
Online Community ◽  
Emotional Eating ◽  
Emotional Reactivity ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Relationship

Binge eating is present in obesity and clinical eating disorder populations and positively associated with poor health outcomes. Emotional eating may be related to binge eating, but relationships with emotional reactivity remain unexplored. The present study examined the relationships between negative and positive emotional eating and emotional reactivity in predicting binge eating. A cross-sectional study was employed using an online community sample in the United States. Participants (N = 258) completed surveys assessing negative (Emotional Eating Scale-Revised, depression subscale) and positive emotional eating (Emotional Appetite Questionnaire), negative and positive emotional reactivity (Perth Emotional Reactivity Scale), and binge eating (Binge Eating Scale). Six moderation analyses were calculated with negative and positive emotional reactivity (ease of activation, intensity, and duration) as moderators of the relationship between negative and positive emotional eating, respectively, and binge eating. Increased negative emotional eating was associated with increased binge eating when duration of negative emotional reactivity was 1 standard deviation above average (p &lt; .001), but at 1 standard deviation below average (p &lt; .001), increased negative emotional eating was associated with decreased binge eating. Increased positive emotional eating was associated with increased binge eating when intensity (p &lt; .01) of positive emotional reactivity was 1 standard deviation above average and when activation (p &lt; .05) of positive emotional reactivity was slightly above 1 standard deviation above average. Increased positive emotional eating was associated with decreased BE when intensity of positive emotional reactivity was 1 standard deviation below (p &lt; .05) average. Emotional reactivity may uniquely impact the relationship between emotional eating and binge eating. Research and clinical implications for the contribution of negative and positive emotional eating and emotional reactivity on binge eating are discussed.

Latino Immigrant Parents’ Experiences With Discrimination: Implications for Parenting in a Hostile Immigration Policy Context

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
pp. 805-831 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cecilia Ayón ◽  
San Juanita García
Keyword(s):  
Parenting Practices ◽  
Latent Profile Analysis ◽  
Immigrant Families ◽  
The United States ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Latino Immigrant Families ◽  
Latino Immigrant ◽  
High Discrimination ◽  
The Relationship

A growing anti-immigrant context has increased the discrimination Latino immigrant families confront in the United States. This study examines the relationship between discrimination and Latinos’ parenting practices. Using cross-sectional data on parenting practices, discrimination, immigration-related factors, and protective factors among Latino immigrant families, we conduct a latent profile analysis to (a) identify profiles of perceived discrimination, (b) assess the role of protective mechanisms in predicting discrimination profiles, and (c) examine the relationship between discrimination profiles and parenting outcomes. The findings revealed a four-class solution, Low Discrimination, Institutional and Language Discrimination, Moderate Discrimination, and High Discrimination. Parents in the High Discrimination profile experienced lower levels of monitoring, consistent discipline, and higher levels of harsh disciplining compared with the other profiles. Overall, this article has implications for effective family functioning given that parental discrimination may influence parenting practices, which has direct consequences on parent–child relationships.

scholarly journals Frailty and Determinants of Health Among Older Adults in the United States 2011–2016

2021 ◽  
pp. 089826432110407
Author(s):  
Emma L. Kurnat-Thoma ◽  
Meghan T. Murray ◽  
Paul Juneau
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Aging ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
The United States ◽  
Determinants Of Health ◽  
World Health ◽  
Frailty Phenotype ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Older Americans ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Health Organization

Objective To characterize frailty phenotype in a representative cohort of older Americans and examine determinants of health factors. Methods Retrospective analysis of data from 5,553 adults ≥60 years old in the 2011–2016 cross-sectional National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). World Health Organization “ Determinants of Health” conceptual model was used to prioritize variables for multinomial logistic regression for the outcome of modified Fried frailty phenotype. Results 482 participants (9%) were frail and 2432 (44%) prefrail. Four factors were highly associated with frailty: difficulty with ≥1 activity of daily living (77%; OR 24.81 p < 0.01), ≥2 hospitalizations in the previous year (17%, OR 3.94 p < 0.01), having >2 comorbidities (27%; OR 3.33 p < 0.01), and polypharmacy (66%; OR 2.38 p < 0.01). Discussion A modified Fried frailty assessment incorporating five self-reported criteria may be useful as a rapid nursing screen in low-resource settings. These assessments can streamline nursing care coordination and case management activities, thereby facilitating targeted frailty interventions to support healthy aging in vulnerable populations.

Does a Graduate Course in Fluency Disorders Make a Difference?

2010 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evelyn R. Klein ◽  
Barbara J. Amster
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Graduate Programs ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Graduate Course ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Fluency Disorders ◽  
Introductory Course ◽  
Communicative Disorders

Abstract A study by Yaruss and Quesal (2002), based on responses from 134 of 239 ASHA accredited graduate programs, indicated that approximately 25% of graduate programs in the United States allow students to earn their degree without having coursework in fluency disorders and 66% of programs allow students to graduate without clinical experience treating people who stutter (PWS). It is not surprising that many clinicians report discomfort in treating PWS. This cross-sectional study compares differences in beliefs about the cause of stuttering between freshman undergraduate students enrolled in an introductory course in communicative disorders and graduate students enrolled and in the final weeks of a graduate course in fluency disorders.

A Silenced Population

Crisis ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 433-442 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kim Gryglewicz ◽  
Melanie Bozzay ◽  
Brittany Arthur-Jordon ◽  
Gabriela D. Romero ◽  
Melissa Witmeier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Depressive Symptomatology ◽  
The United States ◽  
Future Research ◽  
At Risk Youth ◽  
Peer Relationship ◽  
Student Records ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Method Student

Abstract. Background: Given challenges that exceed the normal developmental requirements of adolescence, deaf and hard-of-hearing (DHH) youth are believed to be at elevated risk for engaging in suicide-related behavior (SRB). Unfortunately, little is known about the mechanisms that put these youth potentially at risk. Aims: To determine whether peer relationship difficulties are related to increased risk of SRB in DHH youth. Method: Student records (n = 74) were retrieved from an accredited educational center for deaf and blind students in the United States. Results: Peer relationship difficulties were found to be significantly associated with engagement in SRB but not when accounting for depressive symptomatology. Limitations: The restricted sample limits generalizability. Conclusions regarding risk causation cannot be made due to the cross-sectional nature of the study. Conclusion: These results suggest the need for future research that examines the mechanisms of the relationship between peer relationship difficulties, depression, and suicide risk in DHH youth and potential preventive interventions to ameliorate the risks for these at-risk youth.

Wrestling with 9/11: Immigrant Perceptions and Perceptions of Immigrants

2006 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Brettell
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Immigration Policy ◽  
Asian Indians ◽  
World Trade Center ◽  
The United States ◽  
Fort Worth ◽  
Foreign Born ◽  
Immigrant Populations ◽  
Trade Center ◽  
The Impact

Soon after 9/11 a research project to study new immigration into the Dallas Fort Worth metropolitan area got under way. In the questionnaire that was administered to 600 immigrants across five different immigrant populations (Asian Indians, Vietnamese, Mexicans, Salvadorans, and Nigerians) between 2003 and 2005 we decided to include a question about the impact of 9/11 on their lives. We asked: “How has the attack on the World Trade Center on September 11, 2001 affected your position as an immigrant in the United States?” This article analyzes the responses to this question, looking at similarities and differences across different immigrant populations. It also addresses the broader issue of how 9/11 has affected both immigration policy and attitudes toward the foreign-born in the United States. 

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document