scholarly journals 1152Use of Facebook to recruit cohort study participants

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fiona Bruinsma ◽  
Brigid Lynch ◽  
Melissa Southey ◽  
Graham Giles ◽  
Roger Milne
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Word Of Mouth ◽  
Traditional Methods ◽  
Electoral Roll ◽  
Recruitment Methods ◽  
Targeted Advertising ◽  
Baseline Study ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Study Participants

Abstract Background Social media is a relatively new means to recruit research participants. Methods The Australian Breakthrough Cancer (ABC) Study is a prospective cohort study that recruited people aged 40-74 years over 2014-2018. A range of recruitment methods, including ‘traditional’ (e.g. print media, electoral roll, word of mouth) and newer methods (i.e. social media, particularly Facebook) were used. Here we describe and compare these methods of recruitment. Results 52,614 (66%) of ABC Study registrants indicated they had heard about the study via Facebook (36,672 clicked through from an advertisement for the study and 15,942 through users ‘sharing’ content). Overall, 51,586 (64%) participants (58% female, 42% male) completed baseline study components (online questionnaires and provided a DNA sample). 58% of Facebook registrants completed baseline components, compared with 75% of those recruited by traditional methods. The cost per acquisition using Facebook was $1.66 whereas the cost per acquisition using traditional methods (e.g. via the electoral roll) was up to $30. Facebook recruitment initially attracted more female registrants but targeted advertising dramatically increased the proportion of men. Conclusions Targeted advertising can be used to modify the types of respondents obtained via Facebook. Although the proportion completing baseline study components was lower than for traditional methods of recruitment, the cost per acquisition was cheaper making it feasible to recruit a larger number of participants to obtain the desired study size. Key messages Facebook is a viable and economical source of recruits to large prospective research studies.

scholarly journals The Food, Feelings, and Family Study: comparison of the efficacy of traditional methods, social media, and broadcast email to recruit pregnant women to an observational, longitudinal nutrition study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Smith ◽  
Crystal Alvarez ◽  
Sylvia Crixell ◽  
Michelle A. Lane
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Family Study ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Recruitment Method ◽  
Traditional Methods ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Recruitment Methods ◽  
Health Care Intervention ◽  
Time Investment

Abstract Background It is well known that recruitment is a challenging aspect of any study involving human subjects. This challenge is exacerbated when the population sought is reticent to participate in research as is the case with pregnant women and individuals with depression. This paper compares recruitment methods used for the Food, Feelings, and Family Study, an observational, longitudinal pilot study concerning how diet and bisphenol A exposure affect maternal mood and cognitive function during and after pregnancy. Methods Pregnant women were recruited to this study over a period of 15 months using traditional methods, social media including paid and unpaid posts, and emails broadcast to the university community. Contingency analysis using the Pearson’s Chi-square test was used to determine if recruitment method was associated with likelihood of participation. T-tests were used to analyze Facebook advertisement success. ANOVAs and Fisher exact tests were used to determine if recruitment method was related to continuous and categorical demographics, respectively. Results Social media resulted in the largest number of recruits, followed by traditional methods and broadcast email. Women recruited through social media were less likely to participate. In contrast, use of broadcast email resulted in a smaller pool of recruits but these recruits were more likely to be eligible for and complete the study. Most women recruited via social media were the result of unpaid posts to the study’s Facebook page. Paid posts lasting at least 4 days were the most successful. Recruitment method was not associated with participant demographics. Conclusions Social media has the potential to recruit a large pool of potential subjects; however, when studies require a large time investment such as the case here, women recruited through social media are less likely to participate and complete the study than women recruited through other means. Trial registration N/A. This study does not describe a health care intervention.

scholarly journals Using Facebook Advertisements and Online Resources to Recruit Tattoo Artists for a Web-based Survey (Preprint)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica LC Sapp ◽  
Robert L Vogel ◽  
Joseph Telfair ◽  
Julie K Reagan
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
The United States ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Traditional Methods ◽  
Recruitment Methods ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Online Advertisement ◽  
Effective Option ◽  
Research Studies

BACKGROUND Almost one-third of U.S. adults (29%) have a tattoo, and almost half (47%) of millennials reported having a tattoo. With more people getting tattoos, there is an increased risk for infectious diseases, skin infections, and allergic reactions. Tattoo artists can influence these health risks with their standards of practice, tattoo inks, and sterilization techniques. Although tattoos are becoming mainstream, it was unclear if tattoo artists would be a hard-to-reach population. Using social media sites represent a promising method for recruiting tattoo artists for online survey research studies. OBJECTIVE To evaluate various online platforms and traditional methods for recruiting tattoo artists into a descriptive, online survey study. METHODS From September 2015 to February 2016, tattoo artists who primarily tattooed in the United States were recruited using both online and traditional methods. Recruitment occurred via Facebook advertisements, Instagram, Twitter, website, online advertisement, emails, and postcards mailed to tattoo shops. RESULTS Recruitment methods resulted in 2332 respondents, of which 1845 answered question one, “Are you a tattoo artist?” Only 1571 were tattoo artists. Facebook advertisements recruited the most study participants. Facebook accounted for 1228 (78.17%) respondents who were tattoo artists. This number surpassed the next leading category of HTTP referer unknown, which had 268 (17.06%). The [removed for blinded manuscript] website recruited 45 (2.86%) tattoo artists while other online sources contributed to 28 (1.78%). Twitter and email had the lowest response rate with only 0.06% (n=1) each. CONCLUSIONS Social media sites enhanced survey participation, making it easier to reach tattoo artists nationwide. Of the recruitment methods used, Facebook advertisements were the most effective option, both for cost and recruitment rates. This study’s findings extend previous research studies that demonstrated the timeliness, ease, and effectiveness of using Facebook advertisements for recruitment.

Recruiting Participants for Population Health Intervention Research: Effectiveness and Costs of Recruitment Methods for the INTErventions, Research, and Action in Cities Team (INTERACT) study (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rania Wasfi ◽  
Zoé Poirier Stephens ◽  
Meridith Sones ◽  
Karen Laberee ◽  
Margot Gough ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
News Media ◽  
Intervention Research ◽  
Completion Rate ◽  
Sensor Data ◽  
Staff Time ◽  
Lag Effects ◽  
Recruitment Methods ◽  
Physical Activity Monitoring

BACKGROUND Public health research studies often rely on population-based participation and draw on various recruitment methods to establish samples. Increasingly researchers are turning to web-based recruitment tools. However, few studies detail traditional and online recruitment efforts in terms of costs and potential biases. OBJECTIVE Our objective is to report on and evaluate the cost and time effectiveness and sociodemographic representation of diverse recruitment methods used to enroll participants in the INTErventions, Research, and Action in Cities Team (INTERACT) study, a cohort study conducted in 4 Canadian cities. METHODS Over 2017 and 2018 in Victoria, Vancouver, Saskatoon, and Montreal. INTERACT used the following recruitment methods: mailed letters, social media (including sponsored Facebook ads), news media, partner communications, snowball recruitment, in-person recruitment, and posters. Participation in the study involved answering online questionnaires (at minimum), activating a smartphone app to share sensor data, and wearing a device for mobility and physical activity monitoring. We describe socio-demographic characteristics by recruitment method and analyze performance indicators, including cost, completion rate, and time effectiveness. Effectiveness included calculating cost per completer (i.e., a participant who completed at least one questionnaire), the completion rate of a health questionnaire, and the delay between completion of eligibility and health questionnaires. Cost included producing materials (i.e. printing costs); transmitting recruitment messages (i.e. mailing list rental, postage, sponsored Facebook posts charges); and staff time. In Montreal, the largest INTERACT sample, we model the number of daily recruits through generalized linear models accounting for distributed lagged effects of recruitment campaigns. RESULTS Overall, 2,027 participants were recruited and completed at least one questionnaire: 281 in Victoria, 318 in Vancouver, 315 in Saskatoon, and 1158 in Montreal. In all cities, the majority of participants chose to fully participate (questionnaire, app, and device). The costs associated with one completed participant varied across recruitment methods and by city. Facebook ads generated the most recruits (n=687), at an average cost of $15.04 (including staff time). Mailed letters were the most costly, at $108.30, but served to reach older participants. All methods resulted in a gender imbalance, with women participating more, specifically with social media. Partner newsletters resulted in the participation of younger adults and were cost-efficient ($5.20/completer). Generalized linear model for daily Montreal recruitment identified 2-day lag effects on most recruitment methods, except for the snowball campaign (4 days), letters (15 days), and reminder cards (5 days). CONCLUSIONS This work presents comprehensive data on costs, effectiveness, and bias of population recruitment in a cohort study in four Canadian cities. More comprehensive documentation and reporting of recruitment efforts across studies are needed to improve our capacity to conduct inclusive intervention research.

Influence of social media marketing towards purchase of residential property

2019 ◽  
Vol 118 (6) ◽  
pp. 145-149
Author(s):  
A. Ekanthalingam ◽  
Dr. A. Gopinath
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Word Of Mouth ◽  
Marketing Strategies ◽  
Social Media Marketing ◽  
Purchase Decision ◽  
Residential Property ◽  
Customer Delight ◽  
The Right ◽  
Potential Customers

‘Marketing’ is not just an activity. It is a process, a philosophy and a phenomenon. The evolution of marketing has produced tremendous benefits to business and end consumers. The innovation in this field has been steady and yet at high speed. From ‘word of mouth advertising’ which was the only option earlier we are now at the mercy of what consumers are sharing about their experience on the internet. Social Media has become more powerful than what we think and this article shows how we can leverage this to benefit the top-line and customer delight. We dive deep to understand the influence Social Media can create towards purchase of residential property. As much complex it is to make the purchase decision of a property, it is equally difficult for marketers to send the right message to their target audience. Through this article, we are trying to see how marketers have transformed their traditional marketing strategies to address the needs of the millennial population, who are the most potential customers for property purchase.

Techniques of Viral Marketing

2019 ◽  
Vol 118 (6) ◽  
pp. 97-99
Author(s):  
Arockia Jeyasheela A ◽  
Dr.S. Chandramohan
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Word Of Mouth ◽  
Viral Marketing ◽  
Consumer Perception ◽  
Key Word ◽  
The Right ◽  
A Company

This study is discussed about the viral marketing. It is a one of the key success of marketing. This paper gave the techniques of viral marketing. It can be delivered word of mouth. It can be created by both the representatives of a company and consumer (individuals or communities). The right viral message with go to right consumer to the right time. Viral marketing is easy to attract the consumer. It is most important advertising to consumer. It involves consumer perception, organization contribution, blogs, SMO (Social Media Optimize), SEO (Social Engine Optimize). Principles of viral marketing are social profile gathering, Proximity Market, Real time Key word density.

SELFIE TOURISM DAN ELECTRONIC WORD OF MOUTH SEBAGAI ANTESEDEN RE-VISIT INTENTION

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 526
Author(s):  
Okki Trinanda ◽  
Astri Yuza Sari
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Hypothesis Testing ◽  
Sample Size ◽  
Human Behavior ◽  
Word Of Mouth ◽  
Electronic Word Of Mouth ◽  
Tourist Attractions ◽  
Tourism Management ◽  
West Sumatra ◽  
First Time

<p><em>Research linking selfie behavior and tourism management is very rarely implemented. Selfie behavior is more researched as part of psychology that studies human behavior. This study aims to find out (1) the influence of Selfie Tourism on Electronic Word of Mouth, (2) the influence of Selfie Tourism on Re-Visit Intention, and (3) the influence of Electronic Word of Mouth on Re-Visit Intention. This study uses estimates based on the number of parameters obtained by the sample size of 452 respondents with accidental sampling. Respondents who were included in this study were foreign tourists and domestic tourists who visited the tourism sites in West Sumatra for the first time. While hypothesis testing uses SEM. In this study all relationships between variables were found to be positive and significant. The implication of this study is that tourism managers not only pay attention to aspects of service such as hospitality, cleanliness and so on, but also provide attractive tourist attractions to be photographed and distributed to social media.</em></p><p><em><br /></em></p><p><em>Penelitian yang menghubungkan perilaku selfie dan manajemen pariwisata sangat jarang dilaksanakan. Perilaku selfie lebih banyak diteliti sebagai bagian dari psikologi yang mempelajari perilaku manusia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui (1) pengaruh Selfie Tourism terhadap Electronic Word of Mouth, (2) pengaruh Selfie Tourism terhadap Re-Visit Intention, dan (3) pengaruh Electronic Word of Mouth pada Re-Visit Intention. Penelitian ini menggunakan jumlah parameter yang diperoleh dengan ukuran sampel 452 responden dengan accidental sampling. Responden yang dikunjungi oleh wisatawan asing dan wisatawan domestik yang mengunjungi situs pariwisata di Sumatera Barat untuk pertama kalinya. Sedangkan pengujian hipotesis menggunakan SEM. Dalam penelitian ini semua hubungan antar variabel ditemukan positif dan signifikan. Implikasi dari penelitian ini adalah bahwa manajer pariwisata tidak hanya memperhatikan layanan dan kebersihan tetapi juga menyediakan media sosial.</em></p>

scholarly journals ‘I feel the irritation and frustration all over the body’ Affective ambiguities in networked parenting culture

2021 ◽  
pp. 136787792110035
Author(s):  
Mari Lehto ◽  
Susanna Paasonen
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Media Use ◽  
Research Data ◽  
The Body ◽  
Social Media Use ◽  
Working Through ◽  
Media Research ◽  
Social Media Research ◽  
Study Participants

This article investigates the affective power of social media by analysing everyday encounters with parenting content among mothers. Drawing on data composed of diaries of social media use and follow-up interviews with six women, we ask how our study participants make sense of their experiences of parenting content and the affective intensities connected to it. Despite the negativity involved in reading and participating in parenting discussions, the participants find themselves wanting to maintain the very connections that irritate them, or even evoke a sense of failure, as these also yield pleasure, joy and recognition. We suggest that the ambiguities addressed in our research data speak of something broader than the specific experiences of the women in question. We argue that they point to the necessity of focusing on, and working through affective ambiguity in social media research in order to gain fuller understanding the complex appeal of platforms and exchanges.

scholarly journals The trend of direct medical costs and associated factors in patients with chronic hepatitis B in Guangzhou, China: an eight-year retrospective cohort study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (S2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuo Yang ◽  
Ge Chen ◽  
Yueping Li ◽  
Guanhai Li ◽  
Yingfang Liang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Medical Insurance ◽  
Medical Costs ◽  
Direct Medical Costs ◽  
B Virus ◽  
The Cost

Abstract Background Although the expenses of liver cirrhosis are covered by a critical illness fund under the current health insurance program in China, the medical costs associated with hepatitis B virus (HBV) related diseases is not well addressed. In order to provide evidence to address the problem, we investigated the trend of direct medical costs and associated factors in patients with chronic HBV infection. Methods A retrospective cohort study of 65,175 outpatients and 12,649 inpatients was conducted using a hospital information system database for the period from 2008 to 2015. Generalized estimating equations (GEE) were applied to explore associations between annual direct medical costs and corresponding factors, meanwhile quantile regression models were used to evaluate the effect of treatment modes on different quantiles of annual direct medical costs stratified by medical insurances. Results The direct medical costs increased with time, but the proportion of antiviral costs decreased with CHB progression. Antiviral costs accounted 54.61% of total direct medical costs for outpatients, but only 6.17% for inpatients. Non-antiviral medicine costs (46.06%) and lab tests costs (23.63%) accounted for the majority of the cost for inpatients. The direct medical costs were positively associated with CHB progression and hospitalization days in inpatients. The direct medical costs were the highest in outpatients with medical insurance and in inpatients with free medical service, and treatment modes had different effects on the direct medical costs in patients with and without medical insurance. Conclusions CHB patients had a heavy economic burden in Guangzhou, China, which increased over time, which were influenced by payment mode and treatment mode.

“I can’t just post anything I want”: Self-management of South Korean sports stars on social media

2021 ◽  
pp. 101269022110141
Author(s):  
Eunhye Yoo
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Daily Lives ◽  
The Public ◽  
South Korean ◽  
Digital Labor ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Depth Interviews

This study explores the influence and sociocultural meaning of self-management of South Korean sports stars in the context of their social media activity. The study utilizes netnography to analyze social media posts to determine the meaning of sports stars’ self-management. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with study participants. Ten South Korean sports stars, who are active users of Instagram, were selected as the study participants. Photographs, videos, and stories from their accounts—around 1800 posts in total—were analyzed. The results indicated that the sports stars attempted to share their daily lives on social media to build a close relationship with the public. Moreover, they used their accounts to publicize their commercialized selves and to promote their sponsors. They uploaded only strictly composed and curated posts on their accounts as a form of self-censorship. Finally, it was determined that digital labor was used for self-management on social media, where there is no distinction between public and private territory. A sports star has become a self-living commercial today, and self-management is now a prerequisite for survival. Thus, self-management on social media has become a requirement for sports stars.

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